Submitted by Geandra Rodrigues (geandrar@gmail.com) on 2018-06-12T15:44:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandadeottirodrigues.pdf: 1731881 bytes, checksum: 550253020e893f173c08df2f38c2f037 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-06-14T11:32:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandadeottirodrigues.pdf: 1731881 bytes, checksum: 550253020e893f173c08df2f38c2f037 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-14T11:32:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandadeottirodrigues.pdf: 1731881 bytes, checksum: 550253020e893f173c08df2f38c2f037 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-27 / Esta pesquisa propôs analisar aspectos importantes acerca do funcionamento da rede de assistência à saúde para pessoas transexuais e travestis no município de Juiz de Fora/Minas Gerais (MG). Dentre eles, a estrutura e o fluxo da rede, bem como o acesso e a disponibilidade dos cuidados previstos pelas políticas públicas de saúde para a população transexual e travesti que demanda as ações, nos níveis de atenção básica e atenção especializada de média complexidade, do Processo Transexualizador no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). O Processo Transexualizador compreende um conjunto de ações relacionadas às transformações de caracteres sexuais de pessoas que buscam por estas intervenções. A cidade de Juiz de Fora constitui um polo de referência na assistência à saúde da Zona da Mata mineira, nas mais diversas linhas de cuidado, o que justificou a relevância social e científica da escolha deste município. Este estudo apresentou três perguntas disparadoras para o principal trabalho de investigação proposto: como funciona a Rede de Atenção à Saúde (RAS), no que se refere à linha de cuidado às pessoas transexuais e travestis, no município de Juiz de Fora? Em que medida a rede pública de saúde do principal município da região da Zona da Mata mineira, no interior do Brasil, implementa e executa as diretrizes de assistência estabelecidas pelo Ministério da Saúde para usuários/as com demanda para realização do Processo Transexualizador? E, ainda, como estas diretrizes se processam, ou não se processam, neste contexto de atenção? A perspectiva arqueogenealógica, inspirada na proposta teórico-filosófica de Michel Foucault, foi empregada como estratégia metodológica. Como os aspectos formais e dinâmicos que compõem a linha de cuidado em saúde na RAS do município pesquisado, para a população transexual e travesti, eram desconhecidos, esta metodologia mostrou-se eficiente para verificar relações de saber/poder que produzem a política pública local, em saúde, que institui o Processo Transexualizador no âmbito do SUS. Sobretudo, no que concerne às condições de operacionalização e implementação deste processo no contexto da RAS no município estudado. Como principais resultados, pode-se assinalar que os itinerários terapêuticos de pessoas transexuais e travestis de Juiz de Fora e região, em busca de cuidado em saúde, se processam de diferentes formas, mas convergem em alguns poucos e frágeis pontos de atenção que, a partir de critérios estabelecidos, foram considerados como a rede propriamente pesquisada. Constatou-se que o modo de funcionamento desta rede é efeito da maneira informal a partir da qual ela foi estruturada, tendo sido constituída sem a participação da gestão pública do município. Neste sentido, alguns importantes construtos teóricos como vulnerabilidade programática, marcadores sociais da diferença, integralidade e autonomia, sustentaram a discussão analítica desta tese. Assim, a complexa trama formada a partir dos (des)caminhos de pessoas transexuais e travestis pela rede no município, mostrou o quão desgastantes, demoradas e incertas podem ser as trajetórias em busca de cuidados à saúde para aqueles e aquelas que se colocam a caminhar à procura de saídas que deveriam ser apenas terapêuticas. / This research proposed to analyze important aspects of the operation of the health care network for transgender and travesti people in the city of Juiz de Fora/Minas Gerais (MG). Among them, the structure and flow of the network, as well as the access and availability of the care provided by public health policies for the transsexual and travesti population that demand the actions, in the levels of basic attention and specialized attention of medium complexity, of the Transsexualizing Process in the Public Health System (SUS. In Portuguese). The Transsexualizing Process is a set of actions related to sexual character transformations of people seeking for these interventions. The city of Juiz de Fora have been a reference place in the health assistance of the area of Zona da Mata, in the most diverse lines of care, which justified the social and scientific relevance of the choice of this city. This study presented three questions for the main research work proposed: How does work the Health Care Network (RAS, in Portuguese), as regards the line of care for transgender and travesti people, in the city of Juiz de Fora? How does the public health network of this region, in the interior of Brazil, implement and execute the guidelines of assistance established by the Ministry of Health for users with demand for the realization of the Transsexualizing Process? In addition, how do these guidelines are processed, or do they are not processed, in this context of attention? The Arqueogenealogy perspective, based on the theoreticalphilosophical proposal of Michel Foucault, is our methodological strategy. The formal and dynamic aspects that make up the health care line in the RAS of the researched area, for the transsexual and travesti population, are unknown, so this methodology proved to be efficient to verify knowledge/power relationships that produce public policies in health, establishing the Transsexualizing Process inside the SUS. Above all, about to the conditions of operation and implementation of this process in the context of RAS in the city studied. As the main results, it can be noted that the therapeutic itineraries of transsexuals and travestis from Juiz de For a and region, in search of health care, appearing in different ways, but converge in a few fragile points of attention that, according established criteria, were considered to be the network properly researched. This study found that the way of operation of this network is result of their informal construction that having been constituted without the participation of public management from the city. Some important theoretical constructs such as programmatic vulnerability, social marks of difference, integrality and autonomy, sustained the analytical discussion of this thesis. Thus, the complex web formed from the (dis)paths of transgender and travesti people by the network in the city, showed how stressful, time consuming and uncertain can be the trajectories in search of health care for those who put themselves to walk in search of ways that will should only be therapeutic.

[pt] Esta dissertação foi concebida a partir da convergência de três elementos: experiência docente, fundamentação teórica e a convicção de que a construção de uma proposta de ensino que busque aproximar os conteúdos curriculares discutidos em sala de aula e os diferentes bens que integram o patrimônio cultural brasileiro se constitui como uma enriquecedora prática pedagógica, envolvendo os campos do ensino de história e de educação patrimonial. Procurando oferecer subsídios às ações pedagógicas dos docentes de história que atuam em escolas de educação básica na etapa do ensino médio, propõe a organização de roteiros patrimoniais, para serem percorridos em espaços públicos da área urbana carioca. Direcionados a cada um dos três anos escolares, tais roteiros buscam viabilizar, numa perspectiva crítica, aprendizagens relacionadas às histórias colonial, imperial e republicana do Brasil, articulando aspectos sociais, políticos e econômicos da cidade do Rio de Janeiro a atividades de educação patrimonial. A pesquisa incluiu leituras teóricas nas áreas de patrimônio, ensino de história e historiografia sobre o Rio de Janeiro, além de consulta a legislação e bancos de dados pertinentes ao patrimônio carioca. / [en] This dissertation was conceived from the convergence of three elements: teaching knowledge, theoretical basis and the belief that building up a teaching plan which aims at putting together curriculum contents discussed in class and the various equipments that constitute the Brazilian historical heritage undoubtedly helps create enriching pedagogical practices, linking history teaching and patrimony education. Striving for providing history teachers who work with elementary education for high school students with some material to contribute with their pedagogical activities, it proposes the planning of visits to heritage itineraries in public places of Rio s urban area. These visits, intended for the three levels of Brazilian high school, aim at facilitating the learning of Brazilian colonial, imperial and republican history, from a critical perspective, joining social, political and economical aspects of Rio de Janeiro to patrimony education activities. This research has included theoretical readings in areas such as patrimony, history teaching and historiography about the city of Rio de Janeiro, as well as the examination of legislation and data related to the city s historical heritage.

L’étude d’un centre de soins énergétiques montréalais offrant un rituel de guérison révèle le besoin de composantes symboliques dans l’expérience de guérison. À partir de l’expérience rituelle et de la subjectivité des participants, mes objectifs seront de comprendre les raisons et les besoins d’une telle quête thérapeutique dans le contexte de la société québécoise. Dans cette perspective, je m’interroge sur la production de sens qui émane de représentations symboliques étrangères à la culture québécoise (chamanisme et alchimie) et ses répercussions sur l’expérience de guérison. Ces formes de subjectivités et d’actions thérapeutiques affirment une quête de sens face à la maladie que la communauté médicale ne peut soutenir. Dans cette quête de sens face à la maladie, le rituel du cercle de guérison s’impose comme une activité symbolique où le sujet, individuel ou collectif, met en scène son image, son identité et ses valeurs. Cet espace thérapeutique fournit une forme d’agentivité et un lieu pour remettre en question l’autorité médicale. J’examinerai donc le contexte et les raisons pour lesquels les gens se tournent vers ce type de soins, le symbolisme de la guérison et la place du rituel dans l’imaginaire des participants. En élucidant le contexte culturel et le sens que prend le rituel dans la vie des participants, je pourrai illustrer les opérations symboliques menant à la construction des expériences de guérison. / The study of an energetic cares center who is offering a healing ritual in Montreal reveals the need of symbolic components in the healing experience. Starting with ritual experiences as well as subjectivities of individuals, the aim of this presentation is to understand the needs and the meanings of such therapeutic itineraries in the context of contemporary Quebec. The growing popularity of alternative medicine such as neo-shamanic healing circle reveals the needs of symbolic components in the experience of healing. From this perspective, I’m questioning how these individuals can make sense of symbolic representations coming from different cultures (shamanism, alchemy). What are the meanings of the symbolic dialogue and his repercussion in the healing experiences? These forms of subjectivities and transformative actions affirm a meaning quest of illness that the biomedical community cannot provide. The ritual of healing circle is imposing himself has a symbolic activity allowing the subject to affirm his image, his identity and his values within an embodied transformative experience. This type of cares also provides a form of agentivity and a space to question the biomedical authority. I am going to examine the context in which people are turning to such care, the mechanism of transformation at work, as well as the role of the ritual in the imaginary of the participants. By shedding light on the cultural context and the meanings of the ritual for the participants, I will illustrate the symbolic operations leading to healing experiences.

La politique des transports dans le monde et en Europe évolue vers une vision co-modale. Cette nouvelle politique n’oppose plus la voiture au transport public mais encourage une combinaison de tous les modes de transport en espérant ainsi assurer un développement rentable et durable.Nous focalisons notre étude sur le service transport de personnes qui s’inscrit au cœur des politiques co-modales en combinant tous les modes de transport en commun (métro, bus..) et promeut de nouveaux modes d’utilisation de la voiture particulière comme le covoiturage (partage d’un véhicule personnel) ou l’AutoPartage (voiture en libre-service).Toutefois, pour générer un itinéraire exploitant les services de plusieurs opérateurs de transport, il faut consulter plusieurs sites internet. Selon le déplacement à réaliser, cette tâche de planification complexe peut être très difficile à réaliser et ne garantit pas l’optimalité de l’itinéraire sélectionné.Nous nous sommes donc intéressés à la conception d’un système d’aide au déplacement capable de fournir une information voyageur (co-modale) en mettant en relation plusieurs opérateurs de transport (en commun et individuel). Le système en question doit être capable d’assister l’utilisateur dans la phase de planification par la constitution d’un carnet de voyage proposant plusieurs itinéraires multi-opérateurs. De plus, il assiste l’utilisateur en cas de perturbation en l’informant et en lui proposant des itinéraires de secours. Ce travail est basé sur des avancées technologiques qui facilitent l’optimisation dans un environnement distribué (Multi-agent - SOA) et rendent l’information accessible grâce à un grand nombre de médias (téléphone, PDA..) / Today's transport policy in the world, and more specifically in Europe, is moving towards a co-modal vision. This new policy does not oppose private to public transport but encourages a combination of all modes of transportation in the hope of assuring a lasting development.We focus our study on one special service: people transport which combines all modes of public transport (train, subway, tram, bus ..) and integrates new ways of car use such as carpooling (sharing a personal vehicle and the travel cost between drivers and passengers) and the EcoPartage (self-service cars in town).However, to generate a route using several transport operators, we have to check different Internet websites. This complex planning task can be very difficult and does not guarantee the optimality of the selected route.We are therefore interested in designing a support information system capable of providing comodal information linking several transport operators (public and individual).The system in question must be able to assist the user in the planning phase by offering a travelogue suggesting several possible routes; each route may include one or more transport operator (public or individual ones).In addition, it assists the user during the trip by informing him in case of disturbance and by proposing alternatives routes if necessary.This work is based on various technological developments in order to facilitate the information optimization in a distributed environment (Multi-agent - SOA) and make the information accessible to the user through a large number of media (telephone, mobile, PDA ...)

Constituant une synthèse documentaire manquant jusqu’ici pour l’Auvergne, cette étude propose de s’intéresser à la matérialité des routes antiques et à leur niveau d’équipement au sein de deux territoires de Gaule centrale, les cités arverne et vellave, situées dans la partie montagneuse du Massif central. En prenant en compte l’ensemble de la documentation historique, épigraphique et archéologique disponible, cette recherche vise à établir la diversité structurelle des infrastructures routières, leurs caractéristiques techniques et géométriques ainsi que leur équipement (bornes routières, ouvrages de franchissement de cours d’eau, établissements d’accueil). L’aménagement du réseau routier est appréhendé à travers trois approches : technique, chronologique et hiérarchique. L’analyse des contraintes et des ressources environnementales, qu’elles soient topographiques, hydrographiques ou géologiques, met en évidence de nombreuses solutions techniques. La dimension chronologique et hiérarchique permet quant à elle de caractériser la variabilité et les constantes d’aménagement du réseau en fonction de l’échelle territoriale des axes (long, moyen et petit parcours), de leur période de construction et de leurs maîtres d’œuvre. / Establishing a documentary synthesis missing until now for Auvergne, this study focus in themateriality of the antique roads and in their level of equipment within two territories ofcentral Gaul, arverne and vellave cities, situated in the mountainous part of Massif Central.By taking into account the whole available historic, epigraphic and archaeologicaldocumentation, this research aims at establishing the structural diversity of the roadinfrastructures, their technical and geometrical characteristics as well as their equipment(boundary stones, works of crossing of streams, accommodations). The planning of the roadnetwork is study through three approaches : technical, chronological and hierarchical. The analysis of the constraints and the environmental resources, whether they are topographic,hydrographic or geological, highlights numerous technical solutions. The chronological andhierarchical dimension allows comprehending of the variability and the constants ofplanning of the network according to the territorial scale of axes (long, average and smallroute), their period of construction and their project managers.

Mirades Turístiques a la ciutat és un estudi sobre el comportament del turisme en les ciutats monumentals, a partir de l'experiència viscuda pels visitants del Barri Vell de Girona. Una recerca que ha pretès determinar, precisament, la forma com els visitants entren en contacte amb el patrimoni monumental de la ciutat medieval. A partir, d'identificar quins factors influeixen (i quins no) en el comportament dels turistes durant la seva visita, tant pel que fa referència als factors ambientals generals (la meteorologia, la congestió, la informació...) com els factors singulars de cada visitant. Per tal d'assolir aquests objectius, en hem plantejat una sèrie d'hipòtesis de treball:1. Existeix una manera turística d'apropar-se al patrimoni que té les seves pròpies regles, les sevesestructures específiques i en conseqüència la necessitat d'uns instruments de gestió particulars.2. L'aproximació del turista al patrimoni monumental és el resultat de dues forces aparentmentcontradictòries. D'una banda, el turista tendeix a reproduir pautes de comportament socialment construïdes que prenen la forma d'un ritual. D'altra banda, més enllà d'aquest patró comú, cada visitant viu una experiència singular. Per tant, la relació amb el patrimoni és el resultat d'un subtil equilibri entre experiència i ritual.3. El consum turístic del patrimoni depèn de la relació entre quatre factors. El primer, la imatge del lloc, és la projecció (sovint idealitzada) de l'espai de visita, una metàfora de la ciutat. El segon, el codi d'interpretació turístic , actua com una mena de ritual, un guió no escrit de la pràctica turística. En tercer lloc, el substrat material que són els components artístics, històrics o culturals de la destinació: la geometria del casc, les visuals, el pes de la història o el valor estètic de les peces condicionen, com és obvi, la mirada turística. Finalment, l'experiència està condicionada per la gestió (pública i privada) del turisme: informació, fluxos, interpretació...L'estudi s'ha sustentat en una metodologia inèdita basada en l'observació directa a partir del seguiment dels visitants durant els seus recorreguts. Hem observat el visitants i hem recollit la informació bàsica de la seva visita: l'itinerari, els monuments visitats, les actituds manifestades, els temps d'estada... Aquesta metodologia ha estat ja implementada en alguns estudis de públic de diversos museus. S'han recollit tres tipus de dades: dades relacionades amb els arcs (segment de carrer entre dues interseccions), dades relacionades amb els nodes (els elements d'interès) i dades relacionades amb el visitant. Les tres fonts estan unides per un identificador comú, que és el codi del turista. Això ens ha permès vincular les dades dels visitants amb el seu recorregut i la seva visita als monuments de la ciutat. Els resultats de l'estudi ens han permès identificar els factors que singularitzen l'apropament dels visitants al patrimoni i que el diferencien d'altres formes de relació o ús. És a dir, els factors que incideixen en el comportament dels visitants de Girona. Així mateix, hem pogut definir models d'itineraris amb una estructura interna molt compacta però molt diferentsentre ells; que ens evidencien que, malgrat les regularitats detectades en les visites dels turistes de la ciutat, també existeixen elements diferencials en el seu comportament. Hem detectat quatre models de recorreguts urbans que hem anomenat: itinerari bàsic, comercial, complex i de les muralles, que a l'hora es poden subdividir en varies categories.Finalment, els estadístics multivariants ens han permès demostrar que la relació entre el turista i el patrimoni respon almenys a quatre formes de consum diferenciades, que hem anomenat "no turistes", "rituals", "interessats" i "erudits". / Mirades Turístiques a la ciutat is a study of the behaviour of tourism in towns having important monuments, based on the real-life experience of visitors to the historic centre of Girona. This is a piece of research which has tried to find out the exact way in which visitors come into contact with the heritage sites of the medieval town. This has been done through identifying which factors have an influence (and which do not) on the behaviour of the tourist during their visit, both dose of a general nature (weather, crowding, information...) and those factors which are particular to each visitor. In order to achieve this aims, I put forward a number of working hypotheses:1. There is a particular tourist approach to site which has its own rules, specific structures and as aconsequence the need for specific management tools.2. The way the tourist approaches the site is the result of two seemingly contradiction forces. On the one hand, the tourist tends to repeat socially contructed behaviours which take the form of a ritual. On the other hand, and beyond this common pattern, each visitor has a singular experience. Therefore, the relationship with the site is the result of a subtle balance between experience and ritual.3. The touristic use of a heritage site depends on the relationship between four factors. The first, the image of the place, a metaphor of the town. The second, the code of touristic interpretation, acts as a kind of ritual, a non-written script for being a tourist. The third, the material substratum which are the artistic, historical or cultural components; the geometry of the area, the visual parts, the weight of history or the aesthetic value of the items, obviously, condition the way tourist look at the town. Finally, the experience is conditioned by the management of tourism: the information, the flow of tourists, interpretation.This study uses an original methodology based on direct observation of following visitors during their visit. We observed the visitors and we collected basic information about their visit: the itinerary, the monuments visited, the attitudes shown, the time spent. This methodology has already been used in order studies of the public in different museums. Three kinds of data was collected: data relating to blocks (the segments of a street between two roads), data relating to nodes (the items of interest) and data relating to the visitors. The three sources are connected by a common identifier, that of the touristic code. This has allowed us to connect the data of the visitors with the route taken and the visit of the monuments in the town.The results of the study have allowed us to identify the factors with make the approach of the visitor to the monument a singular one and which differenciate it from the other forms of relationship or of use. That is to say, that the factors which have an effect on the behaviour of the visitors to Girona.Thus, we have been able to define models of itineraries with a very compact internal structure but which are very different between each one, which shows that, despite the regularities which were found in the visits of tourists to the town, differenciated elements in their behaviour were also observed. We detected four models of urban routes: the basic, the commercial, the complex and the town walls, which can each be subdivides into several categories. Finally, the multivariant statistics have allowed us to demonstrate that the relationship between tourist and heritage site responds to at least four forms of differentiated use which we have named "non-touristic", "ritual","interedted" and "erudite".

L’accroissement du déplacement des footballeurs professionnels de l’Afrique vers les ligues européennes, observé dès les années 1990, a transformé la migration du travail du football. En retour, cela a aussi eu un impact sur les revenus des footballeurs africains, leur statut social, et leur relation avec leurs communautés d’origine en termes de soutien socioéconomique. Cette recherche se focalise sur ce sujet en s’appuyant sur la compréhension de l’évolution du football professionnel africain, des itinéraires de migration des joueurs, afin d’expliquer le « phénomène de don en retour » (PDR) lié à la relation entretenue avec leurs communautés d’origine. Elle examine le rôle des facteurs économiques et non économiques qui orientent la manière dont les footballeurs africains donnent en retour à leurs familles, leurs proches, leurs communautés. Celui-ci peut être déterminé dans le but d’un retour sur investissement, par l’influence des valeurs communautaires, des normes, par l’intégration à des réseaux sociaux ou des réseaux institutionnalisés relatifs à l’émigration des footballeurs. En d’autres termes, l’analyse de leur don en retour doit être basée sur la combinaison de facteurs sociaux, culturels et économiques. Aussi, cette recherche mobilise une approche interdisciplinaire à partir du modèle théorique d’analyse de la socio-économie. La méthodologie de Weber contribue à le faire, par l’analyse de l’action de don en retour des footballeurs. Celui-ci est généralement considéré comme la contribution sociale des joueurs, et leurs communautés attendent de recevoir quelque chose de la part des joueurs professionnels africains émigrés ayant réussi financièrement. L’étude est basée sur une enquête qualitative auprès de trente-deux footballeurs professionnels africains incluant aussi des biographies et autobiographies d’autres footballeurs africains. Les résultats montrent que les comportements des footballeurs africains migrants, en termes de don en retour, dépendant de leurs justifications qui sont basées sur des logiques d’intérêt économique, social et culturel.La recherche révèle trois résultats majeurs :1) Une évolution spécifique du football africain et de la perception du football professionnel par les communautés. On identifie une périodisation en trois phases, montrant l’évolution des familles, des structures du football et des stratégies de migration : a) une vision controversée du football (années 1980) : football vs scolarisation ; b) une vision partagée du football (années 1990) : passage progressif d’une activité sociale à une activité professionnelle ; et 3) le football professionnel comme opportunité (années 2000).2) Trois types d’itinéraires migratoires de joueurs qui sont liés à leurs stratégies, aux réseaux mobilisés, et aux ressources disponibles : a) ressources collectives, b) réseaux formels, et c) les ressources individuelles.3) Une typologie du « phénomène de don en retour » (PDR) du footballeur africain migrant concernant les comportements socio-économiques : a) familial hybride, b) familial croisé proche, c) familial partagé, d) familial de l’ombre, qui influencent leurs types d’investissements dans les communautés. D’autre part, certains projets de joueurs tendent à soutenir le développement régional et national de leurs communautés. Toutefois, les joueurs migrants africains doivent gérer et protéger leur réputation et leurs ressources sportives en les utilisant intelligemment et en effectuant de bonnes actions pour leurs communautés, amis et autres au-delà du continent. / The increase in movement of professional footballers from Africa to the European leagues as observed since the 1990’, has transformed the labour football migration. In return, this also impacted African footballers’ incomes, social status, and their relation to the communities of origin in terms of socio-economic support. This research focuses on this subject by drawing on the understanding of the evolution of African professional football, players migration itineraries, as to explain the ‘give back phenomenon’ (GBP) related to their relationship with the communities of origin. It examines the role of the economic and non-economic factors that orient African footballers’ ways of giving back to their families, relatives, and the communities. Their give back may be determined by the aim of return on investments, by the influence of communities’ values, norms, or by embeddedness in social networks or by the institutionalised networks related to footballers’ migration. In other words, the analysis of their giving back may be based on the combination of social, cultural and economic factors. Thus, this research mobilised multidisciplinary approach through the socio-economic theoretical model of analysis. Weber methodology helps to do so, in the analysis of footballers’ 'give back' action. This is generally considered as the players’ social contribution and their communities expect to receive something from financially successful professional African migrant players. The study’s qualitative survey was based on thirty-two interviews of professional players from Africa including, biographies and autobiographies. The results show that African migrant players’ behaviours in term of giving back depend on their justifications, which are based on economic interest, social or cultural logics.The research revealed three major outcomes:1) specific evolution of African football and communities’ perception of professional football. This identified one periodization, with three phases, showing families, football structures and migration strategies evolution: a) the controversial vision of football (the 1980s): football vs. school b) the shared vision of football (the 1990s): gradual shift from social activity to a professional activity, and c) football professionalism as an opportunity (the 2000s) 2) three types of players’ migration itineraries which are linked to their strategies, networks mobilised, and the resources available to them: a) collective resource-based, b) formal networks-based, and c) individual resource-based. 3) typology of 'GBP' based on African migrant players’ socio-economic behaviours was a) hybrid family, b) cross-closed family, c) shared family, and d) shadow family that influenced their type of investments in the communities. On another hand, some projects of players tend to support regional and national development in the communities. However, African player migrants have to manage and protect the fame, and sporting resources by using them intelligently to do good things for their communities, friends and others beyond the continent. In conclusion, the itineraries of players’ show the role of the communities in their migration projects. On another hand, the evolution of African football displays how players’ strategies changed with the structuration of African football and the attractiveness of the European football market. The co-determining of economic and non-economic factors relating to the ‘GBP’, justify the use of economic sociology theories. This research demonstrates that ‘GBP’ is not only based on the players’ economic interest but also the combination of social, cultural and economic elements.

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No. of bitstreams: 1 anaclaudiadefariaalveslomeu.pdf: 2396494 bytes, checksum: ad049e74a4da03dc91fc497dd0bc450e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-06 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) configura-se como uma das formas mais abrangentes dos serviços de saúde, contemplando a assistência à população por meio de ações de prevenção e promoção da saúde assim como através de cuidados às doenças crônicas mais prevalentes na população; sendo a Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) sua forma de atuação mais próxima da realidade dos usuários. Diante da relevância da APS no cenário de saúde pública atualmente, se fazem presentes muitos estudos que objetivam avaliá-la, sendo abordada neste estudo a avaliação da APS através do indicador de Internações por Condições Sensíveis à Atenção Primária (ICSAP). As ICSAP podem ser definidas como internações por doenças preveníveis através de uma APS eficaz e resolutiva, e os números elevados de ICSAP trazem à tona significados relacionados a problemas pertinentes à APS e como os usuários as vivenciam. Esta vivência dos usuários pelos serviços de APS, abordando as ICSAP torna-se possível através da análise dos caminhos percorridos pelos usuários em busca de cuidados de saúde: os Itinerários Terapêuticos (IT). Diante disto, optou-se por construir um trabalho de pesquisa qualitativa com os objetivos de avaliar a APS baseado no indicador de ICSAP sob a perspectiva do usuário tendo como base os itinerários terapêuticos por eles vivenciados; conhecer os IT percorridos pelos usuários e discutir os fatores relacionados às internações. O cenário do estudo foi o município de Cataguases, Minas Gerais, contemplando trinta participantes que sofreram hospitalizações por CSAP. A partir das histórias ouvidas durante as entrevistas e analisadas através da Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin permitiu-se extrair as seguintes categorias de análise: caracterização dos participantes; a APS na perspectiva dos usuários dos serviços de saúde; os aspectos relacionados ao processo de internação e a análise da APS embasada nos IT percorridos pelos usuários dos serviços de saúde. Os resultados apontaram que a maioria dos participantes se internou por doenças cerebrovasculares (23,3%). Os usuários relataram algumas dificuldades de acesso, bem como nos serviços de referência a consultas especializadas e aporte de exames. Em relação aos aspectos relacionados ao processo de internação observou-se que os usuários mantinham hábitos de vida não saudáveis como tabagismo, e não possuíam conhecimento e adesão às atividades de prevenção e promoção da saúde desenvolvidas pelas ESF do município. Ao analisar intimamente os IT foi possível compreender que os usuários recorrem em sua maioria ao Pronto Socorro (PS) como principal porta de entrada, sendo este fator significativo para repensarmos as políticas voltadas ao entendimento dos usuários acerca da diferenciação da assistência à saúde, bem como de melhorias empregadas na APS. / The Primary Health Care (PHC) is one of most embracing ways of the health service, contemplating the assistance to population by prevention actions and promotion of health as well as care to the most prevalent chronic diseases in the population; being the Family Health Strategy (FHS) the closest form from user’s reality. Given the relevance of PHC in the public health scenario nowadays, there are many studies that aim to evaluated it, being approached in this study the evaluation of PHC through the indicator of Hospitalization Primary Care Sensitivity (HPCS). The HPCS can be defined as the Hospitalizations for preventive diseases through effective and resolutive PHC, and the high numbers of HPCS brings up meanings related to relevant issues to PHC and how users experience it. The users experience by PHC services, approaching HPCS becomes possible through the analysis of the paths covered by the users searching for health care: the Therapeutic Itineraries (TI). In light of this, it was decided to do a qualitative research paper work aiming the evaluation of the PHC basing at the HPCS indicator under user’s perspective grounded on the therapeutic itineraries they experienced; knowing the TI covered by users and discuss the related factors to hospitalizations. The case scenario was the city of Cataguases, Minas Gerais, embracing thirty participants who had been hospitalized for HPCS. From the stories heard during the interviews and analysed through the Bardin Content Analysis was allow to extract the follow analysis categories: participants characterizations, the PHC under user’s perspective; aspects related to the admissions process and PHC analysis based on the TI covered by users. The results indicate that the majority of participants were hospitalized for cerebrovascular diseases (23,3%). Users reported some access difficulties, as well as reference services to specialized consultations and exams fee. Regarding the aspects related to the admissions process, it was observed that the users maintained unhealthy lifestyle habits like smoking, and did not have knowledge and adherence to the prevention and health promotion activities developed by the city's FHS. By analysing TI closely, it was possible to understand that users mostly use the First-Aid Post as the main gateway, being this a significant factor to rethinking the policies aimed the user’s understanding about the differentiation of health care, as well as improvements made in PHC.