(in English): The Thesis focuses on analysis of characterization of Joseph Stalin in the novel Children of the Arbat dated 1987 by Russian writer Anatoly Rybakov (1911-1998). The first part of the novel is subject to A. Rybakov's biography, brief summary of the novel Children of the Arbat and found significant part in the works of writer. The second part of the novel is subject to explore emergence of Stalin's cult of personality and its consequences. In the third part, we focus on the fictional categories and literary character, define the basic concepts that make it possible to analyze a literary character. In the final part of work, the emphasis is on revealing the image of I. Stalin in the novel by analyzing the text of the work and drawning conclusions due to help to see the versatility of the characterization. The main objective of the Thesis is to characterize of Stalin as literary figure in the novel in the aspect of outward and explore what principles A. Rybakov used with the description of Stalin's inner world.

<p>Предмет испитивања у овом раду су коледарски и божићни обреди. Притом је највише простора посвећено њиховој вербалној компоненти, односно коледарским и божићним песмама.<br />Пошто је истраживање урађено на основу писаних текстова који су објављени у различитим етнографским изворима и збиркама, Увод обухвата и преглед претходних записа (збирке песама, етнографске изворе и грађу) и историјат претходних истраживања коледарских и божићних обреда. Такође, овај део рада садржи кратак опис свих релевантних извора, почевши од првог описа коледарских и божићних обреда и песама у издању Вука Стефановића Караџића у Српским народним песмама (1841), а завршава са последњим записима и поменима 2014. године<br />Географске координате коледарских и божићних обреда постављене су на основу прикупљеног материјала. Истовремено, дијахрона димензија ових обреда назначена је временом њиховог извођења (или периодом до ког постоји сећање на њихово извођење).<br />С обзиром на то да је у етнографским описима и етнолошкој литератури приказан садржај различитих локалних варијанти божићних и коледарских обреда, у централном делу рада сачињена је конструкција идеалтипске дескрипције која је објединила српску обредно-обичајну праксу од Св. Варваре (4/17. X&Iota;&Iota;) до Богојављења (6. &Iota;/19. &Iota;), а у склопу описа обредно-обичајне праксе у вези са поменутим празницима, и припрема мушких поворки коледара (и аналогних група<br />сировара/бабара, чаројица, вертепаша, звездара, клоцалица, вучара, џамалара), дечјих (коринђаша) и женских поворки (водичарки) за ритуални опход села, па до коначног распуштања обредне групе.<br />Будући да су песме део комплекса различитих ритуала, извођених у време краткодневице, у раду се изучавају у склопу обреда у оквиру ког су се певале.<br />У овом делу рада посебно се анализују: 1) предбожићне песме које се изводе на празнике Свете Варваре, Светог Игњата Богоносца, Туциндан и Бадњи дан, 2) божићне песме које се певају током прва три дана Божића и 3) послебожићне песме, извођене четвртог дана Божића, на празник Светог Василија Великог и Богојављење.<br />Последње поглавље (Завршна разматрања) даје преглед закључака до којих се истраживањем дошло.<br />Прилози садрже списак коришћене литературе (збирке и изворе), као и мапе ареала распростирања коледарских и божићних обреда.</p> / <p>Predmet ispitivanja u ovom radu su koledarski i božićni obredi. Pritom je najviše prostora posvećeno njihovoj verbalnoj komponenti, odnosno koledarskim i božićnim pesmama.<br />Pošto je istraživanje urađeno na osnovu pisanih tekstova koji su objavljeni u različitim etnografskim izvorima i zbirkama, Uvod obuhvata i pregled prethodnih zapisa (zbirke pesama, etnografske izvore i građu) i istorijat prethodnih istraživanja koledarskih i božićnih obreda. Takođe, ovaj deo rada sadrži kratak opis svih relevantnih izvora, počevši od prvog opisa koledarskih i božićnih obreda i pesama u izdanju Vuka Stefanovića Karadžića u Srpskim narodnim pesmama (1841), a završava sa poslednjim zapisima i pomenima 2014. godine<br />Geografske koordinate koledarskih i božićnih obreda postavljene su na osnovu prikupljenog materijala. Istovremeno, dijahrona dimenzija ovih obreda naznačena je vremenom njihovog izvođenja (ili periodom do kog postoji sećanje na njihovo izvođenje).<br />S obzirom na to da je u etnografskim opisima i etnološkoj literaturi prikazan sadržaj različitih lokalnih varijanti božićnih i koledarskih obreda, u centralnom delu rada sačinjena je konstrukcija idealtipske deskripcije koja je objedinila srpsku obredno-običajnu praksu od Sv. Varvare (4/17. X&Iota;&Iota;) do Bogojavljenja (6. &Iota;/19. &Iota;), a u sklopu opisa obredno-običajne prakse u vezi sa pomenutim praznicima, i priprema muških povorki koledara (i analognih grupa<br />sirovara/babara, čarojica, vertepaša, zvezdara, klocalica, vučara, džamalara), dečjih (korinđaša) i ženskih povorki (vodičarki) za ritualni ophod sela, pa do konačnog raspuštanja obredne grupe.<br />Budući da su pesme deo kompleksa različitih rituala, izvođenih u vreme kratkodnevice, u radu se izučavaju u sklopu obreda u okviru kog su se pevale.<br />U ovom delu rada posebno se analizuju: 1) predbožićne pesme koje se izvode na praznike Svete Varvare, Svetog Ignjata Bogonosca, Tucindan i Badnji dan, 2) božićne pesme koje se pevaju tokom prva tri dana Božića i 3) poslebožićne pesme, izvođene četvrtog dana Božića, na praznik Svetog Vasilija Velikog i Bogojavljenje.<br />Poslednje poglavlje (Završna razmatranja) daje pregled zaključaka do kojih se istraživanjem došlo.<br />Prilozi sadrže spisak korišćene literature (zbirke i izvore), kao i mape areala rasprostiranja koledarskih i božićnih obreda.</p> / <p>Slavic rituals of koleda and Christmas are<br />the core of the research in the paper. The<br />structural-semantic analysis of the rites<br />mentioned above, especially deals with their<br />verbal component, i.e. koleda and Christmas<br />songs. Since the research relies on the basis of<br />more than a thousand written texts (published in<br />different ethnographic sources), as well as on<br />printed collections, the third part of the<br />introductory notes comprises a review of those<br />records (collections of songs, ethnographic<br />sources and materials) and the history of old<br />koleda and Christmas rites. It also includes a<br />short description of all the relevant sources,<br />starting from the first description of koleda and<br />Christmas rites and carols depicted in Vuk<br />Stefanovic Karadzic Folk Serbian collection of<br />songs, published in 1841, and ending with the<br />last known records in the first decade of the 21st<br />century.<br />Geographical coordinates of koleda and<br />Christmas rites are set on the basis of the<br />collected material. At the same time, a<br />diachronic dimension of the rites is also being<br />taken into account, that is, it is indicated when<br />these were performed.<br />The central part of the paper tries to offer<br />the ideal-typical description of koleda and<br />Christmas rites, on the basis of all the available data that speak of their actual performance. This</p><p>part of the paper most specifically deals with: 1.<br />Pre-Christmas songs performed on: Saint<br />Barbara&rsquo;s Day, Saint Ignatius Day, the day<br />before Christmas Eve (Tucindan) and on<br />Christmas Eve, 2. Christmas songs sung during<br />the first three days of Christmas, and 3. PostChristmas<br />songs, performed on the fourth day of<br />Christmas and on the days of Saint Basil the<br />Great and Epiphany.<br />Koleda (and analogue rites) are mostly<br />referred to in the context of ritual practices<br />performed on the day before Christmas, since<br />koledars mostly proceeded on that particular<br />day. In the scope of such a description, all<br />phases of koleda rites are being reconstructed:<br />preparation for the celebration procession<br />through the village(s), return to the communal<br />house, setting of the dining table, and finally &ndash;<br />dismissal of koleda (and analogue) groups. The<br />lyrics of koleda songs are directly related to the<br />context of performance. Special attention is paid<br />to the elements of male and female initiation<br />and the fertility cult, which can be perceived<br />only in the course of performance presented in<br />this way.<br />The last chapter (Final discussions) gives<br />a summary of the conclusions the research has<br />come to.<br />The Appendix is a list of literature used in<br />the paper (Literature, Collections and Sources),<br />while it also offers maps of those geographical<br />areas where koleda and Christmas rites are<br />performed.</p>

(in English): This paper deals with the beginnings of nationally-emancipatory and patriotic expressions, which became part of the Czech rural prose during the nineteenth century and which are reflected as nation-defending tendencies in protectorate cinematography by a medium of film adaptation in the twentieth century. The paper intends to interconnect both of these historical periods. Due to the political and social reasons there was increased amount of revivalist ideals of the national rural life in the classic Czech rural prose as well as in the films. The ideals came from national historical traditions and from the cult of the nature and countryside, in which the topos of a "little cottage" ("idyllic place") played the major role. These elements became part of the self-image of the Czech people during the rise of the modern Czech nation (i.e. from the beginning of the nineteenth century till the World War I) and were intensified in the era of national menace during the protectorate. Last part of the paper, which uses the example of the writer Božena Němcová and her novel Babička, shows the concrete expressions of these ideals, that became part of her cult during the decades.

This MA thesis deals with the topic of the cult of Mother Goddesses in Vietnam with special reference to South Vietnam. The subject is discussed from the point of view of cultural anthropology and special attention is paid to some specific aspects, which differentiate this popular belief from other religions. The cult of Mother Goddesses is characterised in greater detail on the basis of certain hypotheses and is viewed through the prism of various ethnologically oriented paradigms. The first part of the work describes the development of this cult, its Vietnamese specifics and its position in the context of the local religious milieu. Furthermore, the work discusses the characters of the individual Mother Goddesses and the collected theoretical knowledge is compared with the results of empirical research. On the background of the example of Mother Goddess Bà Chúa Xứ, the work elucidates certain topics, which are related to the cult of Mother Goddesses, but are considerably differentiated regionally. It is therefore necessary to present these aspects by way of concrete examples and to see them in the cultural-historical context. The second part of the work is based especially on the analyses of the results of the field research and it attempts to clarify the extent of the public knowledge about this...

This thesis engages in the Marian cult in Bohemia in the second half of the 17th century. The first, general part is the characteristic of the Marian devotion with the secondary literature, followed by a chapter on Czech prints with the Marian theme (1650-1750). The base of the thesis is the analysis of the work of J. I. Dlouhoveský (1638-1701). The analysis focuses on some forms of the Marian cult: pilgrimage, cult of saints (especially of Bohemian patrons), Marian devotion in the Habsburg dynasty and a folk piety. The last chapter deals with the literary self-presentation of Dlouhoveský (example of the Marian devotee). The appendix consists of the inventory of all works of Dlouhoveský, and of the graphs that summarize information about the Marian prints (1650-1750).

The subject of the thesis is to analyse the image of the Merovingian ruler in hagiographical sources concentrating on the period from the accession of Chlotar II. to the Frankish thrones in 613 until the fall of the dynasty in 751. While based on the texts, its task is to evaluate the nature of the Merovingian power, which underwent a process of Christianization by Church after baptism of Clovis I. The analysis reveals to what extent the inherited patristic ideas about political power were applied, and at the same time it comments on the issue of pagan and Christian sacrality. The study also deals with the relationship between royal power and ecclesiastical institutions in terms of administrative and spiritual, while referring to its important role in the change of dynasties. Key words: image of the ruler, hagiographical texts, Merovingians, pagan sacrality, Christian sacrality, cult of saints

The thesis "The cult of youth and the old age denial on the media image of celebrities: Content analysis of the Top Star Magazine TV show" explores the ways in which the values of the cult of youth exhibit and reproduce on the media image of celebrities. The analyzed material is a TV show about celebrities called Top Star Magazín which is broadcasted by Czech TV channel Prima Family. The research is based on the content analysis of the TV show and consists of two methodologically different surveys: a simple quantitative content analysis of episodes aired in 2012 and a qualitative content analysis of two randomly selected episodes. The research part of the thesis is supported by the theoretical and methodological parts. The methodological part describes the research techniques: choice of research method, setting of research questions and defining the sample. The theoretical part introduces all the essential theories, especially the media construction of reality, and also attends to the issues of age categories and social perception of people in different periods of life. The conclusion is that the media image of celebrities in the Top Star Magazine TV show is unified and significantly affected by the values of the cult of youth. One of the main symptoms is denial and repression of any signs of the...

Syftet med denna uppsats är att hitta en förklaring till varför andliga healinginriktningar med tiden upphör att kunna bedömas som andliga. Undersökningen tar avstamp i hypotesen att socialpsykologiska skäl ligger bakom. Den tidigare forskningen, gjord av Roy Wallis, Stefan Thau et al, Małgorzata Kossowska och Maciej Sekerdej, Juliette Schaafsma och Kipling D. Williams, samt en tidigare uppsats skriven av undertecknad, behandlar därför socialpsykologi med koppling till rörelser. Arbetet undersöker healingorganisationen Reconnective Healing som tidigare kategoriserats som andlig men som nyligen genomgått organisatoriska förändringar. Forskningsfrågorna berör vilka förändringar som skett och vart organisationen idag kan placeras begreppsmässigt. Den teoretiska bakgrunden utgörs av Olav Hammer, Roy Wallis, Christopher Partridge samt Anton Geels och Owe Wikström samt deras begreppsdefinitioner av andlighet, sekt, kult, religion och nyreligion. Även teorier kring socialpsykologi, av Lars Svedberg och Björn Nilsson, presenteras. Metoden för arbetet är kvalitativa intervjuer av Reconnective Healingutövare, samt komparativ analys. Resultatet visar att organisationen rört sig från andlighetsbegreppet och närmat sig begreppet nyreligion. De organisatoriska förändringarna tycks bottna i grundaren Eric Pearls vilja att minska pluralistiska synsätt inom organisationen genom att exkludera medlemmar samt strama åt regler och riktlinjer. Vidare tyder resultatet på att organisationer generellt kanske aldrig kan klassificeras som andliga då socialpsykologin inom gruppsammansättningar skapar faktorer som strider mot det mesta som definierar andlighet. / The purpose of this essay is to find a reason to why spiritual healing movements in time tend to fall outside the concept of spirituality. The hypothesis for this work is that it happens due to the social psychology within  group constellations. Therefore the previous research, by Roy Wallis, Stefan Thau et al, Małgorzata Kossowska och Maciej Sekerdej, Juliette Schaafsma och Kipling D. Williams, and an earlier essay written by me, focuses on social psychology with connections to movements of different kinds. The essay investigates the healing organization Reconnective Healing, which has been categorized as spiritual but might not be anymore, due to some recent organizational changes. The research questions focus on what kind of changes has happened and where the organization can be placed in a concept categorisation today. The theoretical background is based on Olav Hammer, Roy Wallis, Christopher Partridge and Anton Geels and Owe Wikström. It consists of the concept definitions of spirituality, cult, sect, religion and new religion. Moreover, theories evolving social psychology, by Lars Svedberg and Björn Nilsson, is presented. The method used is comparative analysis and qualitative interviews of Reconnective Healing Practitioners. The result shows that the organization has moved from the concept of spirituality towards the concept of new religion. The cause of the organizational changes seems to be the founder, Eric Pearls will to decrease pluralistic views within the organisation, by excluding members and tighten the rules and guidelines. Moreover, the result indicates that organisations in general might never be able to be categorised as spiritual since the social psychology within group constellations creates factors that contradict most contents within spirituality.

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<p>Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka litteraturen efter agenterna och deras handlingar vid de religiösa sammankomsterna, i Tröndelag, så som det beskrivs av Snorre Sturlason i <em>”Håkon den Godes saga”</em> Följande frågor fokuseras:</p><ul><li>Hur ser det rituella gästabudet ut i Snorres text?</li><li>Vilka var det som agerade i den fornskandinaviska kulten och varför?</li><li>Vad säger källorna om rituella gästabud och kultfunktionärer?</li><li>Speglar texten autentiska traditioner?</li></ul>