The aim of this bachelor’s thesis is to gain insight into young adults’ reading practices with regard to the genres fantasy and science fiction as well as the motivations for these practices in a multimodal world where traditional and digital media and platforms exist side by side. Young adults’ attitudes to traditional and digital media and platforms are also investigated. The methods used in this study were semistructured interviews and qualitative content analysis. Eight young adults who all have an interest in at least one of the genres were interviewed. In the analysis, motivational theory is used where we distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors. Our results show that the informants in this study are mostly positive to both traditional and digital media and platforms. They appreciate the different attributes of various media and platforms and find that they contribute to the overall understanding and perception of the story. The informants tend to use several formats. Some of our informants describe their reading practices in terms of a circle where one media or platform might inspire the use of another. Our study also shows that it is usually intrinsic motivation that fuels the informants’ interest in the genres, although extrinsic factors sometimes initiate an interest. Extrinsic factors may also contribute to the continued development of interest inreading.

Digitization has in many ways reformed how reading as an activity can be carried out. The effects of reading with other senses than merely eyesight and from other text carriers than printed paper are still being investigated by researchers. At the same time, reports indicate that children are being read to less frequently and there are worries that reading comprehension in children is decreasing as a result. The current pilot study set out to investigate shared reading practices of Swedish parents of preschool aged children in terms of what motivated and hindered shared reading among parents and toddlers as well as for what purposes and at what times of the day reading took place and what reading formats were typically used. A quantitative method was used in the form of a questionnaire and respondents were approached using a convenience sample. The study found reading to be an engaging topic among the respondents who frequently read to their children although with a somewhat traditional approach where reading happened in evenings and printed format was used. A careful attitude towards alternative reading activities and digital formats was seen and while many parents stated that interaction and response to reading happened the view on reading as a pre-bedtime activity might be limiting. Based on the results, a number of suggestions with regards to reading promotion activities focused on interaction and possibilities with digital reading as well as professional development for librarians are made.

Föreliggande intervjustudie undersöker kopplingen mellan multimodala arbetssätt och differentierad undervisning, för att utreda huruvida multimodala arbetssätt kan användas för att möta alla elever i läs- och skrivundervisningen utan att exkludera. Syftet är att bidra med kunskap om multimodal differentierad läs- och skrivundervisning som möjliggör att alla elever möts, kan lära samt utveckla kunskap. Frågeställningarna som besvaras är: Hur beskriver lärare att differentierad undervisning möjliggörs? Vilka möjligheter och hinder för elevernas språk- och kunskapsutveckling identifierar lärarna i den beskriva undervisningen? Det teoretiska ramverket grundas i forskningsområdet kring multimodalitet, differentierad undervisning samt språk- och kunskapsutvecklande arbetssätt. Dessutom nyttjas en teoretisk modell avseende läspraktiker för att diskutera studiens resultat. Materialet samlades in genom kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer och analyserades genom tematisk analys. Resultatet indikerar att möjligheterna med multimodala arbetssätt är att begripliggöra innehåll och bearbeta samt fördjupa innehåll för att stötta språk- och kunskapsutveckling i gemensamma sammanhang. Det senare kan medföra att den tidiga läs- och skrivundervisningen blir differentierad, eftersom fler elever får möjlighet att förstå, lära och delta. Samtidigt framkommer hinder i form av att undervisningen eventuellt upplevs oregelbunden, blir för intrycksrik för en del elever, förlorar sammanhanget eller kan få elever att undvika utmaningar ifall de själva får välja vilken uttrycksform de ska använda. / This interview study examines the relation between multimodal practices and differentiated instruction, to investigate if multimodal practices could offer a way to meet all students, without exclusion during literacy instruction. The aim is to contribute with knowledge about multimodal differentiated literacy instruction which meets all students, helps them to learn and develop knowledge. The research questions that will be answered are: How do teachers describe that differentiated instruction is made possible? What possibilities and obstacles for students’ language and knowledge development are identified by the teachers? The theoretical frame is based on the research area of multimodality, differentiated instruction, and to scaffold language and knowledge development. Moreover, a theoretical model about reading practices is used to discuss the result of the study. The material was gathered through qualitative semi-structured interviews and the analyzed through thematic analysis. The result shows that possibilities with multimodal practice include making teaching content more understandable together with opportunities of processing and deepening it to support language and knowledge development within a context. The later can contribute to make early literacy instruction differentiated, because more students get a chance to understand, learn and participate. Although, obstacles appear since instruction might come across as irregular, contain too much stimulus, lose context or students might avoid challenges if they choose what form of expression to use.