Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Economics / Dong Li / This dissertation is a combination of three essays on spatial econometrics and labor economics. Essays 1 and 2 developed double length regression (DLR) tests for testing functional form and spatial dependence, which includes spatial error dependence and spatial lag dependence. More specifically, these essays derive the DLR joint, DLR one-direction, and DLR conditional tests for testing functional forms and spatial dependence. The essays also provide empirical examples and Monte Carlo simulations to examine how the DLR tests perform in the empirical work and how the power of the DLR test depends on changes in functional form and spatial dependence. The results suggested that DLR tests work similarly to its Lagrangian Multiplier (LM) counterpart for testing functional form and spatial dependence in the empirical example and simulations. The DLR tests do not require the second-order derivatives of the log-likelihood function, so they provide practitioners an easy-to-use method to test for functional forms and spatial dependence. Essay 3 investigates the effects of fertility on parental labor force participation and labor supply in Vietnam. The essay uses instrumental variable (IV) probit models to estimate the effects of fertility on parental labor force participation and the IV models to estimate the effects of fertility on parental labor supply. Using the gender of the first child and the same gender of the first two children as two instrumental variables, this essay found negative effects of fertility on maternal labor force participation and labor supply. It also found positive effects of fertility on paternal labor force participation and labor supply. The results suggest that fertility had the specialization effect on parental labor force participation and labor supply in Vietnam. The homogeneity test results indicate that the magnitude of the effects of fertility on parental labor force participation and labor supply is different among parents and locations.

This thesis seeks to explore the social, cultural, economic and political factors that influence female labor force participation rates. Specifically, this research will focus on female economic activity in the Middle East and North African (MENA) region. MENA is often understood as being monolithic in its treatment of women. This study aims to challenge this rhetoric by evaluating the factors that impact female labor in MENA. Upon considering multiple social, cultural, economic and political factors, this thesis will focus on the role of oil and religion in influencing female labor rates. Finally, this study will explore these influences on a micro-level and the role of oil and religion will be examined as to how they apply to female economic activity in both Tunisia and Saudi Arabia.

The Current Population Survey (CPS) has been a major source of disability data for public policy and research. The aim of this study was two-fold. First, the study examined the six disability measures added to the CPS in 2008 to determine if they are both a reliable and stable method of describing disability over a period of two survey administrations in a 12-month period. Second, this study then assessed the impact of disability upon labor force participation. This research used a subset of the respondents to the longitudinal CPS Annual Social and Economic Supplement; it included (N=11,721) respondents who indicated a positive answer to the disability questions in both survey months that the disability variables were measured. Descriptive analysis of expected demographic variable distributions supported the construct reliability of the measures. Correlation analysis utilizing Kappa coefficients demonstrated that all six measures of types of disability in the CPS are stable across time, and Fisher Z transformations show that, among the six, measures of physical and mobility difficulties were the most stable. Measures of visual difficulties, while stable, are significantly less stable than the other disability measures. Logistic regression analysis indicated that all six disability measures have a significant predictive effect on the likelihood of employment of persons with disabilities, and a fully-controlled model including contextual variables supported the conclusion that four of the six types of disability (physical disability and difficulties with remembering, mobility and vision) have independent statistically significant effects on employment.

Submitted by Gabriela Lopes (gmachadolopesufpel@gmail.com) on 2018-02-07T12:21:48Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) TESE - Patrícia Severo.pdf: 2552839 bytes, checksum: fa78ff374b8e39a9fd6e03be072ed848 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2018-02-08T12:27:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 TESE - Patrícia Severo.pdf: 2552839 bytes, checksum: fa78ff374b8e39a9fd6e03be072ed848 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-08T12:27:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 TESE - Patrícia Severo.pdf: 2552839 bytes, checksum: fa78ff374b8e39a9fd6e03be072ed848 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-12-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / A questão da mão de obra é um tema cada vez mais importante diante da redução da disponibilidade de força de trabalho no âmbito da agricultura familiar e no espaço rural como um todo. Partiu-se da premissa de que, mesmo no âmbito da agricultura familiar, a questão das relações de trabalho tem uma especificidade. Deste modo, há que considerar as atuais formas de trabalho e sua relevância para a continuidade da atividade agrícola e, de modo particular, no que tange à produção de pêssegos no município de Pelotas/RS. Trata-se de cultivo que diverge frontalmente de culturas como a soja, conhecidas justamente por demandarem cada vez menos a força de trabalho em face do aumento da mecanização dos processos produtivos. Neste contexto, verificou-se a relevância de conhecer as condições sociais de existência dos trabalhadores rurais (avulsos, temporários ou safristas) que atuam ao longo do ciclo dessa cultura sobretudo nas atividades de poda, raleio e colheita. O objetivo primordial da pesquisa foi analisar as relações de trabalho junto às explorações familiares dedicadas à produção do pêssego em Pelotas, com ênfase na questão da contratação de trabalhadores safristas. A metodologia incluiu o uso de diversas fontes (primárias e secundárias). No primeiro caso, através da realização de entrevistas em profundidade, as quais foram aplicadas entre os meses de fevereiro e agosto de 2017 junto a quinze agricultores familiares e cinco trabalhadores rurais que atuam nas aludidas etapas do processo produtivo. No segundo caso, mediante levantamento de dados censitários e diversas informações gerais e específicas junto a órgãos oficiais, sindicatos e em outras instituições. As conclusões do estudo apontam para a imprescindibilidade dessa relação entre agricultores familiares e trabalhadores rurais. A redução na disponibilidade de braços, dentro e fora da exploração, se apresenta como um fator que limita a ampliação dos pomares e representa uma ameaça para o futuro da atividade persícola. As dificuldades de regularização dessa relação de trabalho fazem com que a clandestinidade seja vista como um fato natural entre produtores e trabalhadores rurais. A incidência da pluriatividade entre os produtores de pêssego foi outro aspecto detectado na pesquisa. / The issue of the workforce is an increasingly important subject, considering that the availability of labor power in the context of family farming and rural areas as a whole has decreased. This paper was based on the premise that, even in the context of family farming, the issue of labor relations has a specificity. Thus, it is necessary to consider the current forms of work and their relevance to keep the agricultural activity going, particularly regarding the production of peaches in the municipatily of Pelotas/RS, a farming model which diverges from crops such as soybeans, known precisely for demanding less and less labor power because of the increased mechanization of the productive processes. In this context, it was verified the relevance of knowing the social conditions of living of the rural workers, who are hired to work as temporary, occasional or seasonal workers for specific services within farming activities, such as pruning and harvesting. The main purpose of this research was to analyze the labor relations in the family farming dedicated to the production of peaches in Pelotas, with emphasis on the issue of hiring seasonal workers. The proposed methodology included the use of several sources (primary and secondary). The use of primary sources was through in-depth interviews, which were applied between February and August 2017 to fifteen family farming and five rural workers who work in the aforementioned stages of the production process. And the use of secondary sources was by collecting census data and general and specific information from official bodies, trade unions and other institutions. The conclusions of this study show that this relationship between family farming and rural workers is indispensable. The reduction of labor power, inside and outside the farms, is a factor that limits the expansion of orchards and represents a threat to the future of this cultivation. The difficulties in regulating these labor relations make producers and rural workers act illegally in many cases. The incidence of pluriactivity among peach producers was another aspect verified during the research.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T14:17:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissertacaoCintiaFinal.pdf: 1517804 bytes, checksum: fd57c5897b91994bcdbb803fd0388323 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-02 / This study is characterized as a documentary and field research. It has as an objective to analyze the work management in hospitals of the 9th of Paraná Health Region, moreover, it tried to identify characteristics of the hospital network and health professionals in the technical and professional level. The first part of the research took place through the data collection in the National Health Facilities Register in April 2014, hospitals in the region were identified, as well as all health professionals who work in these units. Among the main results, in the 13 hospitals, 84.62% (11) were private and 61.54% (8) were small. It was identified 2,307 working occupations, from which 57.91% (1,336) were of higher education; 77.42% (1786) located in Foz do Iguaçu (health regional headquarters); 69.27% (1598) of the linkages work were classified as poor; 23.50% (376) had more than one occupation. Regarding the second step, the field research was carried out through semi-structured questionnaire filled out by the own researcher in meetings from November 2014 to February 2015, in the workplace of the subjects. It was interviewed 116 health professionals, from which 52.59% (61) were of a higher level and 47.41% (55) technical level, with specific training in health. The questions addressed socio-demographic aspects, training, work management (order of entry, type of relationship, career plans, jobs and salaries, program evaluation and other forms of performance assessment, progression and career promotion, payment bonuses and incentives) continuing education and political participation of the interviewed. Among the results it stood out: average age of 38.20 ± 14.73 years; female 72.41% (84); residents in Foz do Iguaçu 70.69% (82); belonging to the nurse staff 60.34% (70). The selection process was the primary form of entrance (56.43%), most of the bonds were protected, both in technical (95.84%) as the top-level (60.30%). The medical professional is the one with most unprotected bonds (100%), more than one job (84.61%) and higher salaries. Regarding the other aspects of the analyzed work management, it was identified in the professional responses the performance evaluation (25.71%), progression and career promotion (34.28%), bonus payments (13.57%) and incentive payments (29.29%). Lifelong learning occured sporadically in only 50% of cases, predominantly technical level (40%). As a conclusion it is noted that there is a hospital network of small institutions, from private nature, with a number of beds both general or complementary below recommended, divided workforce between doctors and nursing staff and lack of plan career, jobs and salaries in hospitals. It is recommended a greater regulation of the government in labor management in hospitals, regardless the ownership being public or private, since all are active in providing health services, which are considered by the Federal Constitution as a public relevance / O presente estudo caracterizou-se como uma pesquisa documental e de campo. Teve por objetivo analisar a gestão do trabalho nos hospitais da 9ª Região de Saúde do Paraná, além disso, buscou identificar características da rede hospitalar e dos profissionais de saúde do nível técnico e superior. A primeira parte da pesquisa realizou-se através da coleta de dados no Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde, em abril de 2014, foram identificados os hospitais da região, bem como todos os profissionais de saúde que atuam nestas unidades. Entre os principais resultados tem-se que nos 13 hospitais 84,62% (11) eram privados e 61,54% (8) de pequeno porte. Identificaram-se 2.307 ocupações de trabalho, destas 57,91% (1.336) eram de nível superior; 77,42% (1.786) localizados em Foz do Iguaçu (sede da regional de saúde); 69,27% (1.598) dos vínculos de trabalho classificaram-se como precários; 23,50% (376) apresentavam mais que uma ocupação. Em relação à segunda etapa, a pesquisa de campo, ocorreu por meio de questionário semiestruturado preenchido pelo próprio pesquisador em encontro presencial no período de novembro de 2014 a fevereiro de 2015, no local de trabalho dos sujeitos. Foram entrevistados 116 profissionais de saúde, sendo 52,59% (61) de nível superior e 47,41% (55) de nível técnico, com formação específica em saúde. As questões abordaram aspectos sócio-demográficos, de formação, gestão do trabalho (forma de ingresso, tipo de vínculo, plano de carreira, cargos e salários, programa de avaliação e outras formas de avaliação de desempenho, progressão e promoção na carreira, pagamentos de gratificações e incentivos) educação permanente e participação política dos entrevistados. Entre os resultados destacam-se: idade média de 38,20±14,73 anos; gênero feminino 72,41% (84); residentes em Foz do Iguaçu 70,69% (82); pertencentes ao pessoal de enfermagem 60,34% (70). O processo seletivo foi a principal forma de ingresso (56,43%), a maioria dos vínculos eram protegidos, tanto no nível técnico (95,84%) como no nível superior (60,30%). O profissional médico é o que apresentou mais vínculos desprotegidos (100%), mais de um vínculo empregatício (84,61%) e maiores remunerações. Em relação aos demais aspectos da gestão do trabalho analisados, identificou-se nas respostas dos profissionais a avaliação de desempenho (25,71%), progressão e promoção na carreira (34,28%), pagamentos de gratificações (13,57%) e pagamentos de incentivos (29,29%). A educação permanente ocorria de maneira esporádica em apenas 50% dos casos, com predomínio para o nível técnico (40%). Como conclusão salienta-se a existência de uma rede hospitalar composta por instituições de pequeno porte, de natureza privada, número de leitos tanto gerais como complementares abaixo do preconizado, força de trabalho dividida entre profissionais médicos e da equipe de 8 enfermagem e ausência de Plano de Carreira, Cargos e Salários nos hospitais. Recomenda-se uma maior regulação do Estado na gestão do trabalho nos hospitais, independente da titularidade ser pública ou privada, uma vez que todos atuam na prestação de serviços de saúde, os quais são considerados pela Constituição Federal como de relevância pública.

What is the relationship between gender inequality and resource wealth in the Middle East? Why has progression of women’s rights in the Middle East advanced at a comparatively slower rate than most of the world? Conventional wisdom attributes the continued significant gaps in gender equality to the region’s strong patriarchic culture associated with Islam. However, recent statistical analysis conducted by Michael Ross suggests a correlation between oil production and women’s rights. This thesis examines an emerging schism in the literature and evaluates the relationship between social and political emancipation of women relative to Islam and oil wealth. The findings of this examination conclude that Ross’s theoretical framework is incomplete: Islamic law is a key causal mechanism left out of his examination. Furthermore, Islamic law has a more comprehensive negative impact on women’s social and political rights than oil wealth.

Female labor force participation varies widely across regions and cultures, typically with more working women in developed than developing countries. Because there are significant differences between developed and developing countries that go beyond GDP, this paper examines the effects of certain development indicators on female workforce participation across these countries. Using models from past literature, I include indicators that cover personal and labor market characteristics. In this analysis, I find that education and unemployment rates continue to be significant determinants of female labor force participation in both developed and developing countries, with several key differences in the effect of various types of unemployment. Furthermore, my study supports the existence of an initial tradeoff between female labor force participation and development as the economic sectors within a country shift. These results provide valuable insights on these general trends across national borders and therefore are important for policy makers.

人口老化已是世界許多國家所面臨的挑戰之一，不僅使該國老年人口數增加，也面臨勞動力老化、勞工短缺等情形的發生。從臺灣中高齡者勞動參與情形來看，有許多中高齡工作者會在中年時期逐漸退出勞動市場，與世界各國相較，我國中高齡者勞動參與率偏低，對此，如何妥善運用中高齡人口勞動力愈趨重要。本研究從生命歷程觀點出發，將個人的勞動參與視為連續的歷程，且每個人的就業途徑是相異的，在中高齡階段有些人會選擇退休，有些人則持續在勞動市場內工作，故研究者希望能瞭解影響中高齡工作者持續參與或退出勞動市場的轉變以及個人對未來的退休意向為何，對中高齡者勞動參與情形及退休意向有更多的認識。據此，本研究目的在於：一、瞭解中高齡者勞動參與之情形，並進一步探究持續工作的中高齡者在這四年間的工作型態、職業別、行業別以及受僱身分改變之情形。二、分析影響2003年至2007年中高齡工作者持續參與或退出勞動市場之轉變的因素。三、探討目前勞動市場中高齡工作者之退休意向情形，進而分析影響個人退休意向之因素。四、依據研究成果提供相關之建議，供社會工作實務界及政策制定者做參考，以擬定相關中高齡就業之政策。 　　本研究透過衛生福利部國民健康署所進行的「臺灣地區中老年身心社會生活狀況長期追蹤調查系列」2003年第五主波調查資料以及2007年第六主波調查資料進行分析，主要分析可分為三個部分：第一部份係分析中高齡者2003年至2007年勞動參與的情形，研究對象為2003年50歲至64歲到2007年時為54至68歲的中高齡者，共2,207位；第二部分則分析影響中高齡工作者勞動參與轉變的因素，研究對象為2003年50歲至64歲有工作的中高齡者，分析的樣本數共1,194位；最後，主要係分析影響中高齡工作者的退休意向的因素，研究對象針對2007年54歲至68歲有工作的中高齡者進行分析，有效樣本數為1,017位。本研究使用SPSS 20.0統計軟體，以描述性統計、卡方檢定、簡單迴歸分析和邏輯迴歸分析等統計方法進行分析。綜合研究主要發現，可得到以下結論： 一、在2003年至2007年這四年間，中高齡工作者在此階段逐漸離開勞動市場；而持續就業的897位中高齡者，在職業別的改變幅度較大，工作型態的改變則較小。 二、影響中高齡工作者勞動參與轉變的因素包括：中高齡者2003年時的年齡、性別、婚姻狀況、自評健康狀況、受僱身分，以及2003年至2007年自評健康狀況轉變和老年經濟保障轉變等因素的影響。 三、影響中高齡工作者退休意向的因素包括：中高齡者2007年時的自評經濟狀況以及領取退休金等因素的影響。 　　依據本研究發現，研究者提出四點建議，作為未來擬定相關中高齡就業政策之參考：一、學習日本制定「中高齡者雇用法」，延長我國退休年限，並善用過渡性工作的概念，減少中高齡工作者在65歲之前退出勞動市場。二、設立中高齡人才中心，培養中高齡者的第二專長，提供多元的就業管道，並降低年齡歧視的刻板印象。三、經濟安全保障是中高齡者最關注之部分，應促進個人在退休前做好財務規劃，讓中高齡者退休後有穩定的經濟來源。四、培養個人的嗜好及興趣，並辦理退休準備教育的課程或方案，為個人退休後生活做好準備。 / Aging population has been a severe challenge for many countries in the world, it’s not only lets seniors increasing in the country but also faces the problems in aging labor force and labor shortage. From the situation in Taiwan older labor force participation , many of the workers will exit the labor market gradually. In comparison with each country in the world, the older labor force participation in our country is slightly low; thus, it is more important how to appropriately handle older labor force. This study start from the perspective of life course, and view the individual labor force participation as the continual course, and everyone’s employment pathway is different, someone in older will choose to retire, and someone continues to work in the labor market; therefore, this study hopes to understand the factor to affect the changes in the older workers continue to participate in the labor market or exit it and individual’s retirement conations in the future. There are four purposes in this study. First, to understand the situation in older labor force participation, and then discuss the conditions in older workers’ work styles, occupations, industries, and the changes in employee and employers identification from 2003 to 2007. Second, to analyze the factor to affect older workers continue to participate or exit the labor market from 2003 to 2007. Third, to discuss the circumstances in the older workers’ retire conations in current labor market. Last, according to the suggestions from the study results, providing the social workers and policy-makers a reference to draw up a policy concerned to older employment. This study analyzes through the Health Promotion Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare’s “Survey of the older in Taiwan” in 2003 the fifth wave survey information and 2007 the sixth wave survey information, and can divide into three parts. The first part analyzes the situations in older labor participation from 2003 to 2007 and the subjects are the older from 50-64 years old in 2003 to 54-68 years old in 2007, and total 2,207 people. The second part analyzes the factors to influence the changes in older workers’ labor force participation, and the subjects are the older who were 50-64 years old, and total 1,194 people. The last part analyzes the factors to influence the retire conations to older workers, and the subjects are concerned to 54-68 years older who have jobs, and the valid samples are 1,017 people. This study uses the statistic software, SPSS 20.0, and analyzes with some statistic methods like Descriptive Statistic, Chi-square Test, Simple Linear Regression and Logistic Regression Analysis. According to research results, we acquires following conclusions. First, during 2003-2007, the older workers gradually exit the labor market. In contrast, the 897 elder workers who choose to obtain employment fluctuate in large amount in occupation, and in small in work style. Second, the factor to influence the changes in older workers’ labor force participation include the older age, sex, marriage, self-heath condition, employee and employer identification in 2003, and the transition in self-health condition and senior economic guarantee during 2003-2007. Third, the factor to influence the retire conations to older workers include the older self-economy condition, the amount of pension in 2007. According to the study results , I come up with four suggestions to make references for drawing up older employment policy in the future. First, to emulate Japan to enact “Law Concerning Stabilization of Employment of Older Persons”, extending the retire age in our country, and make good use of the concept of transitional job so as to decrease the number of older workers to exit the labor market. Second, to establish the older human resource center , cultivating their second specialty, providing a diverse employment channels with the view to decreasing the stereotype in age discrimination. Third, economic safety guarantee is the most concerned part of all, and we should facilitate each individual to make good financial plan so that the older may have stable economic sources after retirement. Last, to cultivate individual’s hobbies and interests and transact the courses or projects of retire preparation education for the purpose of make perfect ready for retired life.

Orientador: José Luiz Guimarães / Banca: Elizabeth Piemonte Constantino / Banca: Ivone Tambelli Schmidt / Resumo: O presente trabalho objetivou analisar o Programa de Erradicação do Trabalho Infantil (PETI) de Araçatuba/SP, tendo por base dados quanti-qualitativos, documentos e informações disponíveis sobre o mesmo e o papel desempenhado pelas autoridades envolvidas nessa "política pública". Ainda que indiretamente, também foi possível avaliar a realidade brasileira e as circunstâncias que fizeram parte do desenvolvimento da nação, possibilitando visualizar que crianças e adolescentes, recrutadas pelo sistema econômico, são vítimas evidentes de nossa excludente realidade. Por outro lado, tem-se uma amostra sobre como se comportam as autoridades responsáveis pela implementação das políticas públicas sociais - sejam elas as executoras ou as fiscalizadoras - na importante tarefa de dirimir as atrocidades produzidas pelas desigualdades. Iniciamos nossas considerações pelo entendimento de como se estruturou o conceito de infância durante a modernidade, principalmente no ocidente, com ênfase nas variações sobre o conceito de família e o processo de escolarização, possibilitadas pelo paradigma moderno, bem como a combinação, desses e de outros fatores, que agiram sobre a realidade brasileira. Considerando essas circunstâncias, buscamos identificar na literatura especializada, relatos e situações que evidenciem a utilização de mão-de-obra infanto-juvenil, e neste trajeto tomamos por referência o final do século XIX, época em que o Brasil expande sua produção e inicia a implantação de suas primeiras indústrias, caracterizando, tanto no contexto nacional, como internacional, uma fase de expansão do capitalismo e do comércio entre as nações. Ao dimensionarmos a realidade do trabalho infantil no Brasil, buscamos identificar as ações do Estado frente à infância... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This paper aimed at analyzing the PETI- Programa de Erradicação de Trabalho Infantil (agency for enforcing government policies on behalf of children who work) based on quant-qualitative data, documents and available information about this program and the role played by the authorities involved with this "government policy". Indirectly, it was also possible to evaluate the Brazilian reality and the circumstances that were part of the nation development, making it possible to see that children and teenagers, explored by the economical system, are evident victims of our excluding reality. On the other hand, we have a sample of how the responsible authorities behave toward the implementation of the social government policies- being either the enforcers or the controllers- on the important task of reducing the atrocities produced by the inequalities. We started through the understanding of how the idea of childhood was conceived during the recent times, mainly in the Occident, with emphasis on the variations of the concept of family and the schooling process, due to the modern paradigms, as well as the combination of these and other factors operated on the Brazilian reality. Considering these circumstances, we identified on specialized books reports and situations that make evident the use of childish labor force and, as a reference, we got the end of the 19th century, when Brazil expands its productions and starts setting up the capitalism and trade between countries. After checking the reality of the childish labor force in Brazil, we identified how the state in Brazil acts toward the poor childhood and adolescence and, mainly, in relation to exploiting their working. We characterized the understanding authorities and the social... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below) / Mestre

Orientador: Elisabete Doria Bilac / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T02:36:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moura_SabineFoditschQuaresmade_M.pdf: 2330389 bytes, checksum: 706eb4d2c194717817cf49e3d3d1fc7b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Este estudo investiga a relação existente entre nível de instrução e inserção no mercado de trabalho de responsáveis por domicílios, segundo sexo. Com base nos dados do Censo Demográfico do Brasil de 2000, comparou-se a inserção ocupacional de responsáveis analfabetos absolutos e analfabetos funcionais com a de responsáveis com oito anos completos de estudo, assim como as implicações na escolaridade e ocupação de filhos residentes. A análise compara ainda as condições de vida destes grupos em três contextos urbanos diferentes: Campinas, Hortolândia e Indaiatuba a fim de verificar possíveis diferenças entre elas / Abstract: The present study investigates the relation between instruction level and labor market insertion of households heads by sex. Based on the Demographic Brazilian Census 2000, the occupation of illiterate and functional illiterate households heads is compared with the occupation of households heads with eight years of study, as well as the implications of scholarship and occupation of resident sons and daughters. This analysis also compares the life conditions of these groups in three different urban contexts ¿ Campinas, Hortolândia and Indaiatuba ¿ in order to verify possible differences between them / Mestrado / Mestre em Demografia