This thesis explores the notion that we may be able to more fully understand the etiology of serial murder. Specifically, it concludes that the behaviours of serial murderers can be allegorical of unresolved childhood trauma - that in the murderous actions of the adult there can be a depth of subconscious allegorical connection to the repressed (forgotten) and unresolved trauma of the murderer's own childhood. The focus for this hermeneutic inquiry is the intersection that can be constructed between the phenomenon of serial murder and the assertion of the psychoanalyst Alice Miller that every perpetrator of violence was once a child who was (himself or herself) a victim. Alice Miller's concept of Poisonous Pedagogy is explained and critiqued. Her belief that our childhoods tell the stories of our adult behaviours is questioned in light of the similar theoretical ground of Life History, Life Narrative, Psychobiography, and Psychoanalytic Narrative. Miller's contention that there are directly allegorical connections between childhood abuse and adult murderous behaviours is illustrated by her analysis of the life of Jurgen Bartsch. A hermeneutic examination of the biographic records of two other serial murderers (Ted Bundy and John Wayne Gacy) is then undertaken to question the available support for Miller's contentions It is concluded that there is strong support for Miller's assertions regarding the etiology of violence, and that violent adult behaviour, even serial murder, can be allegorical of unresolved childhood trauma. It is suggested that there is a need to extend this area of research through face-to-face engagement with perpetrators of violence. It is recommended that we directly engage serial murderers in personal discourses that will allow further exploration of Miller's notion that serial murderers' behaviours are allegorical echoes of harm that was done to them.

Giuseppe Emilio Rocconi's life narrative, The Story of My Life (1958), represents the hardships of immigration and assimilation through meditations on home, family, and religion. I read his narrative in contrast with white elite narratives that express nostalgia for sharecropping and the segregation era. I see his narrative as a reflection upon the costs of integrating into the white patriarchal economy and his sense of being neither fully Italian nor fully American.

Plusieurs analyses ont tenté d’analyser l’accident de Fukushima Dai Ichi. Ces publications proposent surtout des mesures préventives et mobilisent des approches classiques de la sécurité nucléaire. Ainsi, l’aspect humain de la gestion de la crise en temps réel trouve peu de place.Les auditions par le Gouvernement de Yoshida, le directeur de la centrale, permettent de combler ce vide. Nous les considérons comme un récit de vie, dans lequel le directeur dépeint son vécu en situation extrême. Durant quatre jours, le collectif autour de lui fait face à des conditions d’intervention extrêmement entravées et avec des ressources très limitées. Malgré une menace de leur intégrité physique, psychologique et sociale, ils parviennent à surmonter la difficulté et à éviter le pire.Le concept de "coping" désigne justement les efforts effectués dans des situations stressantes. Ces efforts dépendent de la représentation que l’individu a de la situation. Dès lors, une approche qualitative du récit de Yoshida nous permet d’étudier les stratégies de coping mobilisées pendant l’accident et les différents facteurs qui les ont influencés. Nos résultats montrent que si ces stratégies sont actives au début de la crise, l’impossibilité d’agir et le tarissement des ressources rendent Yoshida passif et le plongent dans des considérations morbides. L’anticipation et l’élaboration de solutions alternatives laissent leur place à la résignation.D’autre part, hormis les explications techniques et opérationnelles, le directeur nous décrit dans son récit les conditions émotionnelles, cognitives et relationnelles de la gestion de l’accident. Il rend hommage à ses travailleurs qui sont décrits comme des héros méconnus. La construction du récit de vie lui permet de réhabiliter son collectif en se représentant comme membre d’un groupe ayant sauvé le Japon en prenant des risques inouïs, sans être soutenu.Les récits de vie nous donnent un accès aux événements tels qu’ils ont été vécus. Ils nous éclairent sur les ressorts qui permettent aux organisations de redéfinir leur action dans des situations à la fois dangereuses et urgentes. Ils remettent ainsi l’humain au centre des analyses des accidents. / The Fukushima Dai Ichi nuclear accident was analysed in many publications. These studies followed classical approaches and focused on drawing lessons to improve nuclear facilities’ preventive measures. Therefore, the human aspect of the crisis management is not addressed enough.The hearings of the plant’s superintendent Yoshida by the Government’s inquiry Committee may help us tackle this issue. We consider that the transcriptions of the hearings are a life narrative of superintendent Yoshida. This narrative depicts his experience throughout an extreme situation. During four days, the workers around him dealt with extremely harsh conditions and had very limited resources available. Despite the threat to their physical, psychological and social integrity, they managed to overcome the hardship and prevented the worse from happening.Coping is a notion that refers to the specific efforts carried out to adjust to stressful situations. These efforts depend on the representation the individual forms of the situation. A qualitative study of Yoshida’s narrative allows us then to understand coping strategies carried out and the individual and contextual factors that came into play. We found that coping strategies were active after the arrival of the tsunami, but with the scarcity of resources and the impossibility to intervene on the reactors, Yoshida became more passive and began having morbid thoughts. As the crisis unfolded, anticipation and elaboration of alternative solutions left room to resignation.The narrative provides us technical and operational explanations, but Yoshida also describes emotional, cognitive and relational aspects of the crisis management. He pays tribute to the workers depicted as unsung heroes. The construction of his life narrative allows him to rehabilitate his collective of workers that took incredible risks to save Japan with very little support.Life narratives provide us with events as they have been experienced. They highlight the mechanisms that help organisations redefine their action in dangerous and urgent situations. Life narratives help us put the human back at the centre of accidents analyses.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:31:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Vania Vaz.pdf: 1092344 bytes, checksum: 9f84934ce923a4fe0bf42a63bde54108 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-09 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This research, "Faith Healers: their life experiences and the life of healing", is a narrative study of some Faith Healers who reside in the city of Irati, located in the Central-Southern region of Paraná State. The objectives of this project are the reflection about different aspects of these women s life experiences, the influence of their social relations in the development of their practices, as well as the representation of their multiple actions, which include the Faith Healers daily lives, their personal views, and their particular way of interpreting the universe, which involves the healing rituals. Such a universe is marked by demonstrations of religiousness and faith, which can also include other actions: the discovery and/or development of the Gift, connections with protective divine entities, the development of specific rituals, besides the meaning of the Christian and social roles performed by the healers in their service, which are interpreted in a particular way by each one of the possessors of the Gift of Healing. / Esta pesquisa, " As benzedeiras da cidade de Irati: suas experiências com o mundo, e o mundo da benzeção ", é um estudo de narrativas de algumas benzedeiras residentes na cidade de Irati, localizada na Região Centro-Sul do Estado do Paraná. Os objetivos deste trabalho consistem na reflexão sobre diferentes aspectos da experiência de vida dessas mulheres, a influência de suas relações sociais no desenvolvimento de suas práticas, bem como a apresentação das múltiplas ações que envolvem o cotidiano das benzedeiras, suas visões pessoais e seu modo particular de interpretação do universo que envolve os rituais de benzeção. Tal universo é pautado por demonstrações de religiosidade e fé, que inclusive chegam a compreender outras ações: a descoberta e/ou o desenvolvimento do " Dom ", relações com entidades divinas protetoras, o desenvolvimento de rituais específicos, além do sentido dos papéis social e cristão exercidos pelas benzedeiras em seu ofício, os quais são interpretados de maneira peculiar por cada uma das possuidoras do "Dom de Benzer"

Η εργασία αυτή είναι μια μελέτη για τον τρόπο σχηματισμού της εφηβικής ταυτότητας και έχει στόχο να εγκαινιάσει ένα ψυχο-κοινωνιολογικό μοντέλο για την κατανόησή της. Μέχρι τώρα συνηθίσαμε να μιλάμε για τον έφηβο μέσα από μια βιο-αναπτυξιακή προοπτική μέσω της οποίας επιχειρείται να εξηγηθεί το σύνολο της συμπεριφοράς του, από τον επαγγελματικό του προσανατολισμό και τις σχολικές του επιδόσεις μέχρι τις χρήσεις του ελεύθερου χρόνου του. Την ίδια στιγμή, για καιρό τα περισσότερα ρεύματα της κοινωνικής θεωρίας είτε έδειχναν μια απροθυμία να εννοιολογήσουν την υποκειμενικότητα είτε το έκαναν με αναγωγιστικούς όρους. Σκοπός της παρούσας έρευνας είναι να συγκρίνει τον τρόπο ζωής, τις συνήθειες και τις αντιλήψεις των εφήβων μαθητών/τριών που φοιτούν σε Γενικά, Τεχνικά και Πειραματικά λύκεια μεγάλου Νομού της χώρας και να αναδείξει αφενός τις όποιες ομοιότητες και διαφορές στον τρόπο που αυτές οι διαφορετικές ομάδες εφήβων νοηματοδοτούν και βιώνουν πρόσωπα και πράγματα της καθημερινότητάς τους και αφετέρου τις πρακτικές λογικές που οργανώνουν τους κόσμους τους. Ο προβληματισμός μας έγκειται στο να δούμε πώς μέσα στις αφηγήσεις που οικοδομούν οι έφηβοι εγγράφονται θεσμικές (π.χ. σχολικές, οικογενειακές, ταξικές) διεργασίες, πολιτισμικές αξίες (π.χ. σχέση με σχολική γνώση, φιλοδοξίες, ενδιαφέροντα) και βιογραφικές διαδρομές (π.χ. μετάβαση από γυμνάσιο σε τεχνικό ή γενικό λύκειο) και πώς αυτά τα τρία επίπεδα ανάλυσης (δομής, κουλτούρας, βιογραφίας) σχηματοποιούν τις αφηγήσεις του εαυτού τους και τις αξιώσεις ταυτότητας που οικοδομούν. Αντλώντας από την παράδοση της Συμβολικής Αλληλεπίδρασης και την έννοια του habitus του Bourdieu, η έρευνά μας θέτει σε κίνηση μια ποιοτική μεθοδολογία που έχει στο επίκεντρό της την βιογραφική-αφηγηματική συνέντευξη για την άντληση των δεδομένων και την επεξεργασία τους. Μέσα από μια διετή και εντατική έρευνα πεδίου, φάνηκαν να αναδύονται τέσσερις τύποι (με τη Βεμπεριανή έννοια του όρου) κοινωνικού εαυτού, καθένας από τους οποίους συγκροτείται στη βάση μιας αμφιθυμίας που οφείλει την οργάνωσή της στα βιογραφικά αποθέματα γνώσης των κοινωνικών κόσμων που ζουν και μεγαλώνουν οι έφηβοι. Θέση μας είναι ότι η έννοια αυτή της αμφιθυμικής βιογραφικής ταυτότητας μπορεί να αποτελέσει ένα χρήσιμο αναλυτικό εργαλείο όχι μόνο για την κατανόηση της εξέλιξης της ταυτότητας των εφήβων έτσι όπως αυτή ξεδιπλώνεται στον αντιφατικό και πολύπλοκο κόσμο της εποχής μας αλλά και για την χάραξη μιας εκπαιδευτικής πολιτικής για τη Συμβουλευτική και τον Επαγγελματικό Προσανατολισμό στη δευτεροβάθμια εκπαίδευση. / This research is a study on adolescent identity formation and aims at inaugurating a psycho-sociological model for its understanding. Up to now we are used to talk about adolescents through a bio-developmental perspective by means of which we try to construe every aspect of their existence, from their job aspirations and school attainments to their leisure activities. At the same time, most of the currents of social theory either seem unwilling to conceptualize subjectivity per se or they do it in reductionist terms. The aim of our research contribution is to compare the way of life, the habits and the self-views of adolescents attending General, Vocational and Peiramatika schools, by shedding light not only on the similarities and differences of how these groups of adolescents narrate and experience their everyday lives but also on the practical logics that organize their social worlds. What we try to tap concerns i) how institutional arrangements (school, family, class and gender), cultural values (relation to school knowledge and life ambitions) and biographical trajectories (transition from junior high school to senior high school or to work) are inscribed in their life narratives and ii) how these three levels of analysis (structure, culture and biography) shape their self-understandings and their identity claims. By drawing on Symbolic Interactionism tradition and on Bourdieu’s theory of habitus, our research sets in motion a qualitative methodology having at its center the Biographical-Narrative Interview as far as data collection and data processing is concerned. After a two-year intensive field research, there seemed to emerge four types (in the Weberian sense) of adolescent social self, each of which is made up of an ambivalence that is formed in conjunction with the biographical stocks of knowledge of the social world the adolescents live in. We argue that this concept of ambivalent biographical identity can be used not only as a conceptual tool for interpreting how adolescent identity is evolved within the realms of our contradictory and perplexed era but for implementing educational policies focusing on Counseling and job guidance in secondary education

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:36:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CristovaoPS_TESE.pdf: 1802070 bytes, checksum: c6738a84e2ffc68c93337aff06d7ecfd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-20 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The focus of this thesis is a production of video biographies with/by sheltered teenagers. The general objective is discuss the potential production of video biographies while a device of research-action-formation. From de point of view of research, the study interrogates cultural practices that demarcates the passage of teenagers in shelter institutional; From the point of view of action, seeks to identify the modes of appropriation of space for audiovisual creation by teenagers; and, from the point of view of formation, asks the potentiality of audiovisual language while the way from which teenagers can auto-configure themselves responsibly, in the reinvention of places and others worlds for them. The research falls in the intersection of qualitative approach of ethnographic and of research-action-formation. Is anchored theoretically in autobiographical approaches - Pineau (2005); Passeggi (2008); Delory-Momberger (2008); Josso (2010) e Bertaux (2010) - and in the filmic method - Ramos (2003); Wohlgemuth (2005) and Comoli (2009). Participated in the research eleven teenagers members of the production cycle of biographical traces, among these, the three teenagers who advanced to cycles of audiovisual recording life narratives and reflective exercises around produced reports, procedures of which we extract the set of empirical material analyzed The analysis revealed that teens use in under three types of practices: the practices of mess , as way of expression; the practices of evasion , as resistance to restraint the right to come and go, and the practices of claim a regime of "truth" to the institutional environment, which emerge as a survival tactic in the face of paths desv?nculos, family abandonment and neglect. The study also showed the appropriation of spaces of audio-visual creation meaningful expression through music by teenagers and encourage dialogue between and with the teenagers and the achievement of reflective exercises focused for awareness of their stories in becoming. These findings show a broader sense the thesis that visual language is a potent mobilizer artifact reflections and empowerment of individuals in situations of social exclusion / O foco desta tese ? a produ??o de videobiografias com/por adolescentes abrigados. O seu objetivo geral ? discutir as potencialidades da produ??o de videobiografias enquanto dispositivo de pesquisa-a??o-forma??o. Do ponto de vista da pesquisa, este estudo interroga as pr?ticas culturais que demarcam a passagem dos adolescentes em abrigos institucionais. Do ponto de vista da a??o, busca identificar os modos de apropria??o pelos adolescentes do espa?o de cria??o audiovisual; e, do ponto de vista da forma??o, interpela as potencialidades da linguagem audiovisual enquanto um meio a partir do qual os adolescentes podem se autoconfigurar responsavelmente, na reinven??o de lugares e de outros mundos para si. A pesquisa se insere no entrecruzamento das abordagens qualitativas de cunho etnogr?fico e da pesquisa-a??o-forma??o. Ancora-se teoricamente nas abordagens autobiogr?ficas - Pineau (2005); Passeggi (2008); Delory-Momberger (2008); Josso (2010) e Bertaux (2010) - e no m?todo f?lmico - Ramos (2003); Wohlgemuth (2005) e Comoli (2009). Participaram da pesquisa onze adolescentes abrigados, integrantes do ciclo de produ??o de rastros biogr?ficos, dentre eles, os tr?s adolescentes que avan?aram para os ciclos de produ??o de narrativas de vida e de exerc?cios reflexivos em torno dos relatos produzidos, procedimentos dos quais extra?mos o conjunto do material emp?rico analisado. A an?lise revelou que os adolescentes recorrem no abrigo a tr?s tipos de pr?ticas: a de bagun?a como forma de express?o; a de evas?o como resist?ncia ? coibi??o do direito de ir e vir, e a de reivindica??o de um regime da verdade para a ambi?ncia institucional, as quais emergem como t?tica de sobreviv?ncia face aos trajetos de desv?nculos, abandono e neglig?ncia familiares. O estudo tamb?m evidenciou a apropria??o dos espa?os de cria??o audiovisual pelos adolescentes para manifesta??es expressivas atrav?s da m?sica, al?m de favorecer o di?logo entre e com os adolescentes e a realiza??o de exerc?cios reflexivos voltados para a tomada de consci?ncia de suas hist?rias em devir. Tais achados permitem afirmar de modo mais amplo a tese de que a linguagem audiovisual ? um potente artefato mobilizador de reflex?es e autonomiza??o de sujeitos em situa??o de exclus?o social

This is a study of autobiographical letters written in the early 1950s by seven Swedish sailors. The letters were contributions to a project at the Nordiska Museet in Stockholm aiming to collect and publicize workers' autobiographical narratives. The aim of this thesis is to analyze how the sailors composed their narratives in dialogue not only with heroic epics and other oral and written literary traditions but also with folklore studies and with contemporary public conversations about Sweden. According to Bachtin, any given text must be understood as a dialogue with the entire history of literature and the analysis in this study shows that the sailors' narratives are composed according to the pattern of the returning Homeric hero: the hero by destiny, the hero by action, and the hero by tradition. In terms of contents the letters are centered on two major themes: the two world wars and the transformation of Sweden from a poor rural society into a modern well-fare state. These themes are dramatized in plots, test-conflicts, motifs, and motif-complexes (functions, motiphemes), well-known from oral traditions and classical drama. An experiment in which two of the letters are subjected to “ethnopoetic transcription” shows the nature and extent of the oral idiom used by the writers. Two other writers display their literary ambitions through an abundance of paraphrases and hidden quotations. For the museum staff, the sailors' contributions were problematic. The verbal artistry of the writers challenged assumptions that workers' life narratives should be “simple and ingenious descriptions” and transparent sources of ethnological data. Furthermore, the sailors' frankness about Sweden's and their own part in the world wars challenged the myth of the neutrality and peacefulness of the Swedish folkhem.

En difficulté dans un système économique et managérial qui ne leur convient plus, certains cadres choisissent de quitter leur organisation pour devenir coach. Par-delà la normativité des transitions de carrière en sciences de gestion, nous montrons qu’il s’agit d’une bifurcation. Au sein du courant des Critical Management Studies et à partir d’une perspective foucaldienne du pouvoir, nous interprétons la bifurcation comme un processus de saturation lié aux effets de subjectivation de la gouvernementalité managériale. La bifurcation constitue une distanciation critique, notamment chez les jeunes managers et les managers à mi-vie, et amorce une microémancipation vers et par le coaching, via une réappropriation subjective de techniques de souci de soi. Cette recherche est basée sur un protocole de Grounded Theory et sur la méthode des récits de vie. L’attitude analytique mobilise des énoncés phénoménologiques, une thématisation a posteriori et une analyse critique de discours. Notre modèle théorique repose sur une population de 25 cadres devenus coachs et met en évidence un processus générique qui s’exprime différemment selon l’âge lors de la transition, selon le vécu de l’expérience professionnelle, le sexe ou encore le poste avant la transition (manager, consultant). / Some executives, facing an economical and managerial system that doesn’t suit them anymore, chose to leave their position in a structure to become coaches. Beyond the managerial norms of career change, we explain that it is a turning point. This change of career, within the Critical Management Studies movement, and with a Foucauldian power perspective, is interpreted here as them reaching saturation point, due to the effects of subjectivation related to managerial governmentality. Those former executives, especially young and middle-aged managers, find themselves gaining a critical detachment. Furthermore, we notice a phenomenon of microemancipation through being coached … in the training of becoming a coach, by reappropriating the techniques of the care of the self. This research process involves Grounded Theory and life narratives. Firstly, we worked on phenomenological texts, then on an a posteriori coding by themes, and finally on a critical discourse analysis. Our resulting theoretical framework is anchored on a population of 25 former executives who have become coaches. It underlines a generic process with differences related to criteria such as gender, age when the career change happens, previous professional experience and position (manager or consultant).

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