St. John 12:24, used by Dostoyevskij as an epigraph to his last and highly acclaimed novel BpaTbJI KapaMa30BbI (The Brothers Karamazov), served as an inspiration for Andre Gide. The title of the latter's contentious autobiography Si le grain ne meurt (If it die ... ), is part of the same biblical verse. The significance of Dostoyevskij's epigraph and Gide's title are critically examined with regard to ideologies expressed in their literary works. Analogies and contrasts are scrutinised: considerable similarities but more discrepancies are discerned. Intense crises in Dostoyevskij's life led to an upward movement, reflected in his oeuvre, reaching out toward Christ's message as revealed by St. John 12:24. On the other hand, Gide started his career imbued with the above message, but gradually he deviated from it and died an atheist. His fascination with Dostoyevskij prompted him to write a profound biography on the great Russian, containing a perceptive article on The Brothers Karamazov when this novel was still practically unknown in the West. Dostoyevskij's pre-eminence as ideological author, psychologist, philosopher and artist is highlighted while Gide is disclosed as the moralistic immoralist of his time. The thesis suggested here is that Dostoyevskij's ideology of self-abnegation in order to be regenerated into eternal life challenged Gide to reject this concept. Therein lies his paradoxical "adaptation". The purpose is to uncover the religious perceptions in Dostoyevskij's four major novels, to establish that his fictional characters, though never used as mouthpieces for the author, represent his universal philosophy and transmit the author's quest for truth to the reader, and finally to examine Gide's reaction to Dostoyevskij's influence / Classics & Modern European Languages / D. Litt. et Phil. (Russian)

The thesis of this dissertation is to explore the importance of Hebrew as contained in the Old Testament or Hebrew Canon, for a grasp of the spirituality or spiritualities of the people we encounter in these texts. Furthermore, to gauge the continued and extended importance of this language knowledge as it pertains to contemporary spirituality or spiritualities based upon these scriptures. This will be done with the laity and academia in mind and hence we will study these spiritualities as they pertain both to experience and academic enquiry. We will also explore the possible personal and societal transformation, which could result from such an investigation. In view of this, we will limit our scope to three test psalms all from Book I of the Psalter; and our assessment of the importance of Hebrew for Biblical Spirituality will be based on only three key areas, namely language, exegesis and continued meaning. / Christian Spirituality / M. Th. (Christian Spirituality)

By examining Renaissance criticism both literary and musical, framed in the context of the contemporaneous obsession with the works of Plato, Aristotle, and Horace, among others, this thesis identifies the parallels in poetic and musical practices of the time that coalesce to form a unified idea about the poet-as-singer, and his role in society. Edmund Spenser and John Milton, who both, in various ways, lived in periods of upheaval, identified themselves as the poet-singer, and comprehending their poetry in the context of this idea is essential to a fuller appreciation thereof. The first chapter addresses the role that the study of rhetoric and the power of oratory played in shaping attitudes about poetry, and how the importance of sound, of an innate musicality to poetry, was pivotal in the turn from quantitative to accentual-syllabic verse. In addition, the philosophical idea of music, inherited from antiquity, is explained in order elucidate the significance of “artifice” and “proportion”. With this as a backdrop, the chapters following examine first the work of Spenser, and then of Milton, demonstrating the central role that music played in the composition of their verse. Also significant, in the case of Milton, is the revolution undertaken by the Florentine Camerata around the turn of the seventeenth century, which culminated in the birth of opera. The sources employed by this group of scholars and artists are identical to those which shaped the idea of the poet-as-singer, and analysing their works in tandem yields new insights into those poems which are considered among the finest achievements in English literature.

In the early 1990s, a series of gruesome murders of young women in Ciudad Juárez, a city located in the U.S.-Mexico border, shook the political landscape of Mexico. A decade later, the strange and violent murders, known as the feminicides or feminicidios of Juárez, reached international infamy across hemispheres and continents. During this time, the city and the cases became the subjects of an extensive body of scholarship and of any imaginable artistic medium (narrative, poetry, theater, performance, music, and so on). Eventually, the complexity and overexposure of the cases and the sociopolitical conditions of Ciudad Juárez placed them at the center of a paradoxical debate: on one hand, the work of activists, feminists, and scholars of social sciences (like anthropologists and sociologists) studied the murders as a localized example of a larger phenomenon of mysoginistic violence; on the other, journalistic and media investigations of Juárez understood the murders as the products of specific agents (serial killers, murderers, drug cartels, amongst others) and the fractures within the Mexican Nation-State. And yet, despite the expansion and overlapping of these discourses, fictional representations of Juárez remained tangential to this intricate debate. Thus, this research explores the different ways in which writers, artists, and filmmakers deployed and negotiated existent perspectives on the feminicides within fictional environments. As a result of the vast amount of published work available on Ciudad Juárez, I narrowed the objects of my research through a transnational scope. The resulting sample of texts transverses borders (Mexico and the U.S.), continents (Latin America and Europe), genres (fiction and nonfiction), and mediums (literature and film). The first chapter explores the connections of Sergio González Rodríguez’s Huesos en el desierto and Roberto Bolaño’s 2666 through the theoretical framework of the possible worlds of fiction. The second chapter moves to issues of representation, gender, and race through the analysis of two novels written by Chicana scholars: Alicia Gaspar de Alba’s Desert Blood: The Juárez Murders and Stella Pope Duarte’s If I Die in Juárez. Finally, the third chapter focuses on film representations of Juárez and the feminicides in the form of Gregory Nava’s Bordertown and Carlos Carrera’s Backyard/El Traspatio. / text

No description available.

<p>У раду је представљен најзначајнији део<br />књижевног опуса Николаја Тимченка,<br />књижевног историчара и критичара, есејисте<br />и филозофа и указано је на вредност,<br />домете и актуелност његове мисли о српској<br />књижевности 20. века.</p> / <p>U radu je predstavljen najznačajniji deo<br />književnog opusa Nikolaja Timčenka,<br />književnog istoričara i kritičara, esejiste<br />i filozofa i ukazano je na vrednost,<br />domete i aktuelnost njegove misli o srpskoj<br />književnosti 20. veka.</p> / <p>The work presents the most important part of<br />the literary opus of Nikolai Timchenko, literary<br />historian and critic, essayist and philosopher,<br />and points to the value, reach and actuality of his<br />thought on Serbian literature of the 20th century.</p>

This thesis seeks to show that Charles Williams makes a significant contribution to theology, and it demonstrates the nature of that contribution. A pattern of theological themes centering on the Incarnation, emphasizing the humanity of Christ, is repeated throughout his works. For Williams, human beings are images of the coinherent Godhead. His theological anthropology further develops through his understanding of imaging, as shown for instance in the Incarnation, and in Dante's characterization of Beatrice as a God bearer. His view of images is built from Coleridge's understanding of the nature of a symbol. This picture of imaging is widely applied, first and foremost to relationships of love, seen as potential incarnate images of grace. Williams seeks to extend his picture to all relationships and, further, to whatever man must do to go beyond himself to an encounter with God. He believes that man is responsible for his brother, in practice by bearing his brother's burdens, with substitutionary acts of vicarious love. A further part of his thinking then views people as living in coinherent relationships, and the universe as a web of coinherent relations. He draws his examples of natural coinherent relations from the world of commerce with its exchange and substitution of labors and from the child living within its mother, and builds a picture of what he calls the City, a broader coinherent society. Coinherence begins and flows from the Trinity and the Incarnation and then is found in relationships between God and man: in the Church, in the future City of God, and in all Creation. The Fall brings about the breakdown of the coinherence of God and man and man and man, and that breakdown is a central characteristic of sin. Williams believes that a regenerated coinherence in Christ brings about a renewal of mankind.

Alors que les études littéraires tendent à se professionnaliser et la culture à occuper de moins en moins d’espace dans les grands médias traditionnels, les revues culturelles proposent une critique qui se distingue de ces deux pratiques. Liberté, L’Inconvénient, Contre-jour et Spirale offrent aux intellectuels, critiques et universitaires l’espace d’une pratique mitoyenne, entre celles des publications savantes et des médias grand public. Qu’ils se définissent au premier chef comme herméneutes, médiateurs ou érudits, les critiques de ces revues revendiquent tous une parole littéraire. Chacun des chapitres de ce mémoire se penche sur une publication, retraçant son histoire et étudiant les textes métacritiques afin de cerner les différences et les similitudes entre les conceptions, les fonctions et les mises en pratique de la critique. La méthode emprunte à l’histoire des revues en tant que groupes d’affiliation, développée par Andrée Fortin et Michel Lacroix. L’analyse des thèmes récurrents et des filiations, dans la lignée des travaux de Martine-Emmanuelle Lapointe et d’Anne Caumartin, ainsi que de la rhétorique, particulièrement la notion d’ethos telle que définie par Dominique Maingueneau et Ruth Amossy, permet de mettre en lumière ce qui constitue, pour les praticiens de la critique, la singularité et la valeur de la parole littéraire. / Whilst Literature Studies are professionalizing and culture becomes less and less prominent in traditional media, literary reviews offer a distinctive voice for criticism. Liberté, L’Inconvénient, Contre-jour and Spirale offer intellectuals, critics and academics alike an adjoining space for the practice of cultural criticism, which positions itself somewhere between scientific publications and mass media. Whether they identify themselves primarily as hermeneutics experts, mediators or scholars, the critics who participate in those reviews all avail themselves of a literary word. Each chapter of this thesis will examine one of the four publications named above, retracing their history and analyzing meta-critical texts published in their pages to outline the differences and similarities between their conceptions of literary criticism, and its function and application. Methods used to conceptualize reviews as groups are akin to the works of Andrée Fortin and Michel Lacroix. By analyzing the recurring themes, the filiations (as Martine-Emmanuelle Lapointe and Anne Caumartin’s works exemplify) and the rhetoric (particularly the notion of ethos as developed by Dominique Maingueneau and Ruth Amossy) of these literary reviews, this thesis will reveal what constitutes, for the critics studied here, the singularity and the value of the literary word.

This dissertation studies the emergence of literary history and criticism in the Americas during the eighteenth century. It focuses upon the study of 1.) Natural history as a matrix of literary history and criticism; 2.) The geopolitical functions of literary history and criticism in the periodical press; and 3.) The recovery of manuscripts as a residual product of modernity. Texts associated with a hegemonic Enlightenment, such as “Disertación sobre el derecho público universal” by Francisco Javier de Uriortúa, are analyzed. Next, we study modern historical-critical thought as emphasized in the periodical press of Bogotá and Quito. Finally, the circulation of manuscripts is studied as an indicator of the participation of Spanish American authors in discussions about the Enlightenment. For the latter, the dissertation analyzes the development of theories of good taste in El Nuevo Luciano de Quito by Eugenio Espejo and in the Plan elementál del buen gusto en todo genéro de materias by Manuel del Socorro Rodríguez de la Victoria. The study challenges the epistemological conflict provoked by the handwritten condition of a considerable portion of scholarship from the eighteenth century, in which the projects of an American modernity become subjugated by the power of European print.

Comment l’étude de la réception d’une littérature étrangère dans les revues – objets hybrides et fluides dont les spécificités essentielles sont l’inscription dans la durée et le rapport entretenu avec le temps historique, ainsi que le fait d’être le résultat polyphonique d’une création collective – permettrait-elle de dépasser les distinctions entre les approches de l’« esthétique de la réception » et de l’« histoire de la réception » (et encore, de la sociologie et de la sociopolitique), et entre les notions de « réception critique » et de « réception créatrice » ? Notre recherche, portant sur un corpus hétérogène composé de trente revues littéraires et politico-littéraires italiennes, s’est articulée autour de cette question. En s’appuyant sur les notions de transfert et de réseaux et en croisant les approches quantitative et qualitative des textes français, des traductions et des contributions critiques publiés dans les revues, notre travail vise à identifier les lieux et les modalités de la réception, ses évolutions et ses invariants après la Deuxième Guerre mondiale. L’optique interdisciplinaire adoptée, s’attachant aux multiples facettes de ce phénomène, porte un nouveau regard sur les histoires croisées des littératures française et italienne, ainsi que sur l’activité des revues et les pratiques de la critique littéraire. En interrogeant les mécanismes par lesquels les revues s’approprient la littérature étrangère, ce sont les rapports qui existent entre la réception des œuvres littéraires, l’histoire d’un champ littéraire national et les facteurs extra-littéraires (historiques, politiques, idéologiques…) que nous nous proposons de sonder. / Being periodicals a hybrid and fluid object, whose essential particularities are periodicity and the relationship with historical time, as well as being the polyphonic results of a collective creation, how would the study of the reception of a foreign literature in periodicals allow to overcome the distinctions in approaches between the aesthetics of reception and the history of reception, and between the notions of critical reception and creative reception? My research focuses on this question through the analysis of a heterogeneous corpus of thirty Italian literary and politicalliterary periodicals. Building on the notions of “transfer” and “networks” and by crossing quantitative and qualitative approaches in the analysis of French texts, translations and criticism edited in the reviews, my research aims at identifying reception’s places and modalities, its evolutions and invariants after World War II. The interdisciplinary point of view adopted, focusing on the phenomenon’s many aspects, takes a new look on the intermingled histories of French and Italian literature, as well as on the periodicals’ activity and forms of literary criticism. By questioning the mechanisms through which periodicals adapt foreign literature, I aim at surveying the relationships between the reception of literary works, the history of a national literary field and the extraliterary factors (history, politics, ideologies…).