The present work explicates the concept of "the messianic" as it figures in the work of Jacques Derrida and Walter Benjamin in order to establish the foundation of a useful (and, one hopes, potentially innovative) critical approach to the works of Mary Shelley, Joseph Conrad, John Fowles, as well as to novelistic fiction generally. This foundation rests on a common quality of the messianic as it figures in Derrida and Benjamin's respective corpora. In their conception the messianic refers not to some individual of divine, semi-divine, or even mortal origin who is charged with functioning as the world-historical agent by whose deeds history itself comes to an end, and a new holy, paradisiacal order is thereby founded, but to the aspirational tenor to humankind's orientation to futurity. The messianic finds expression in the myriad instantiations of human beings' future-oriented activity. As such, it achieves a sort of spectrality--or, to borrow the term Marx applies to the commodity, a phantom-like objectivity--having a somewhat intuitive apprehensibility, if in fact not form or substance.Novelistic fiction, which exploits its own spectrality in a bid for arranging impossible arrangements, realizing impossible realities, ordering impossible orders, attempts to occupy an impossible-to-occupy space between on one hand, the catastrophic present and the messianic future, and on the other hand, the future to come and the future as it is wished to be. Wracked by the tension created by its allegiance to chance, the contingent, and the aleatory on one side, and to the deterministic, the necessary, and the climactic or teleological on the other side, novelistic fiction achieves its particular character precisely through pursuit of its abortive program, just as humanity achieves its character, to the extent that such a notion is legitimate, precisely through its abortive program, which is nothing more no less than survival, than living on.

Orientador: Guillermo de la Cruz Coronado / Banca: Maria Luiza Ferreira Laboissiére de Carvalho / Banca: Ofir Bergemann de Aguiar / Banca: Norma Wimmer / Banca: Antonio Manoel dos Santos Silva / Resumo: Análise sobre o Impressionismo literário, a partir da releitura duma narrativa da Literatura Brasileira, Crônica da casa assassinada, de Lúcio Cardoso, a qual visa a descobrir-lhe a concepção, a temática, o princípio estrutural e a estilística. Pela investigação desses quatro segmentos, chegou-se aos seguintes resultados: a) se ainda se hesita em pensar-se o Impressionismo literário como um escola, sem dúvida pode-se pensá-lo como um estilo, que se projeta do século XIX para o XX; b) o Impressionismo literário invariavelmente refere-se à prosa de ficção (conto, novela, romance); c) Cca configura-se antes um romance impressionista que expressionista, já a partir do substrato filosófico que o move; d) os temas de Cca apontam para o Naturalismo, com o qual o Impressionismo vincula-se estreitamente; e) Cca revela um projeto estrutural, o que pressupõe desmontagem e remontagem textuais; f) o estilo cardosiano vai ao encontro deste idioma nervoso, colorido e requintado chamado écriture artiste, característico do Impressionismo literário. / Abstract: Research about Literary Impressionism, mainly in a Brazilian Literature Narrative, Crônica da casa assassinada, from Lúcio Cardoso, which tries to find out the conception, the titles, the structural begining and Stilistics. Searching these four elements, the following results were reached: a) one doesn't think about Literary Impressionism just as a single literary behaviour, but as a style, that goes through XIXth. to XXth. Century; b) the Literary Impressionism refers, in a particular and unchangeable way, to fiction prose (short stories, fictous tales, novels); c) Cca is na impressionist novel, since its phylosiphical substractum; d) Cca themes goes to Naturalism, with whom Impressionism is tighly joined; d) Cca brings a narrative handed made work, that presupposes dismounting and remounting the text; f) Cardoso's style goes through this nervous, coloured and sophisticated idiom called écriture artiste. / Doutor

Desde Horácio e sua célebre expressão Ut pictura poesis, diversos autores tentaram estabelecer um paralelo entre a literatura e a pintura ao longo dos séculos. Vários são os exemplos de obras literárias e pictóricas unidas por temas e inspirações em comum, que se desenvolveram em caminhos paralelos durante uma determinada época, numa determinada sociedade. Menos freqüentes, porém, são as ocorrências de elementos que configurem um verdadeiro diálogo, uma convergência ou uma interferência entre as artes visuais e a arte literária. Neste trabalho, pretendemos identificar uma influência do olhar impressionista na literatura francesa da segunda metade do século XIX. Para isso, analisaremos seqüências descritivas de obras de Gustave Flaubert e de Émile Zola. Através da análise da construção das pinturas impressionistas e da construção das seqüências descritivas na literatura, pretendemos demonstrar que esses dois sistemas de representação não estão unidos apenas por temas e inspirações em comum, como havia sido o caso até então, mas também pelas técnicas e metodologias utilizadas e pelas reações que essas mesmas técnicas provocaram e provocam até hoje no espectador e no leitor. / From the time of Horace and his famous phrase Ut pictura poesis, several authors have attempted to draw a parallel between literature and painting. There are many examples of literary and pictorial works linked by common topics and inspirations that have taken parallel paths across time and across societies. Less frequent, however, are the examples of a real dialogue, a convergence or interference between the visual and the literary arts. In this study, we aim at identifying an influence of the impressionist view in the French literature of the second half of the 19th century. For this purpose, we will examine descriptive sequences of the works of Gustave Flaubert and Émile Zola. By analysing the process through which Impressionist paintings were made and the descriptive sequences were written, we aim at demonstrating that these two systems of representation are not united only by common topics and inspirations, as had been the case to date, but also by common techniques and methodologies, in addition to being united by the reactions that these same techniques provoked and still provoke today in the spectator and the reader.

Desde Horácio e sua célebre expressão Ut pictura poesis, diversos autores tentaram estabelecer um paralelo entre a literatura e a pintura ao longo dos séculos. Vários são os exemplos de obras literárias e pictóricas unidas por temas e inspirações em comum, que se desenvolveram em caminhos paralelos durante uma determinada época, numa determinada sociedade. Menos freqüentes, porém, são as ocorrências de elementos que configurem um verdadeiro diálogo, uma convergência ou uma interferência entre as artes visuais e a arte literária. Neste trabalho, pretendemos identificar uma influência do olhar impressionista na literatura francesa da segunda metade do século XIX. Para isso, analisaremos seqüências descritivas de obras de Gustave Flaubert e de Émile Zola. Através da análise da construção das pinturas impressionistas e da construção das seqüências descritivas na literatura, pretendemos demonstrar que esses dois sistemas de representação não estão unidos apenas por temas e inspirações em comum, como havia sido o caso até então, mas também pelas técnicas e metodologias utilizadas e pelas reações que essas mesmas técnicas provocaram e provocam até hoje no espectador e no leitor. / From the time of Horace and his famous phrase Ut pictura poesis, several authors have attempted to draw a parallel between literature and painting. There are many examples of literary and pictorial works linked by common topics and inspirations that have taken parallel paths across time and across societies. Less frequent, however, are the examples of a real dialogue, a convergence or interference between the visual and the literary arts. In this study, we aim at identifying an influence of the impressionist view in the French literature of the second half of the 19th century. For this purpose, we will examine descriptive sequences of the works of Gustave Flaubert and Émile Zola. By analysing the process through which Impressionist paintings were made and the descriptive sequences were written, we aim at demonstrating that these two systems of representation are not united only by common topics and inspirations, as had been the case to date, but also by common techniques and methodologies, in addition to being united by the reactions that these same techniques provoked and still provoke today in the spectator and the reader.

Orientador: Rubens Pereira dos Santos / Resumo: A proposta de tese em foco contempla análises comparativas das obras "Clarissa" (1933), de Erico Verissimo, e "O lustre" (1946), de Clarice Lispector. Escritos no início de suas carreiras literárias, os romances dialogam entre si não somente as semelhanças de enredo, personagem principal e temas, mas a presença sensível da vanguarda impressionista, materializada na tessitura literária de ambas as narrativas, seja no plano do conteúdo ou da forma romanesca. Gêneros híbridos da modernidade, nas fronteiras entre o Bildungsroman moderno e o romance lírico, neste presente estudo também se objetivou interpretá-los e confrontá-los por esta chave de leitura, mas, sobretudo, compreender como acontece, em cada um desses romances, a transcriação (conceito de Haroldo de Campos [2006, 2015]) de uma estética eminentemente plástica para as veredas da linguagem, e como o impressionismo na literatura acabou adquirindo e consolidando contornos próprios e independentes da pintura cultivada no final do século XIX e começo do XX. Norteando-se pelos pressupostos da crítica literária (resgate da recepção e fortuna crítica das obras), teoria literária, literatura comparada e estudos interartes, a hipótese levantada por esta tese repousa, portanto, em investigar e comprovar a ressonância desta estética moderna que, imbricada ao estilo único de cada autor, produziu dois romances brasileiros com fortes ecos impressionistas. Com este processo de ressignificação comparada destas obras, a pesquisa almeja ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The proposed thesis in focus contemplates comparative analyzes of the works "Clarissa" (1933), by Erico Verissimo, and "O lustre" (1946), by Clarice Lispector. Written at the beginning of their literary careers, the novels dialogue among themselves not only the similarities of plot, main character and themes, but the sensitive presence of the impressionist avant-garde materialized in the literary fabric of both narratives, whether in terms of content or form. romanesque. Hybrid genres of modernity, on the frontiers between the modern Bildungsroman and the lyric novel, this study also aimed to interpret and confront them by this key reading, but, above all, to understand how it happens in each of these novels. transcreation (concept by Haroldo de Campos [2006, 2015]) of an eminently plastic aesthetic for the paths of language, and how impressionism in literature eventually acquired and consolidated its own independent contours of painting cultivated in the late nineteenth and early twentieth. Guided by the assumptions of literary criticism (redemption of the reception and critical fortune of works), literary theory, comparative literature and interart studies, the hypothesis raised by this thesis rests on investigating and proving the resonance of this modern aesthetic that, imbricated In the unique style of each author, he produced two Brazilian novels with strong impressionist echoes. With this process of comparative resignification of these works, the research aims to rescu... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

The objective of this paper – Trusting the reader: On impressionistic narrating in Stig Claesson's writings with the novel Brev till en hembygdsgård as starting point – is to examine narrative techniques used by the Swedish author Stig Claesson, specifically some which fall within the broad field known as literary impressionism: e.g. omission, repetition, juxtaposition, episodic narration and how access to the narrator’s as well as individual characters' consciousness is handled. The method used for the study will be that of illustrative comparison. The analysis will seek its theoretical grounds in the works by Gerard Genette and Jonathan Culler. In the major parts of the study, narrative techniques used by Claesson in the novel Brev till en hembygdsgård (1974), is examined with the help of Robert Paul Lamb and James Nagel, and their studies concerning the crafts of Ernest Hemingway and Stephen Crane. In addition, other novels by Claesson are used in order to find, illustrate and then compare his craftsmanship with techniques already studied and described by scholars and critics. The main result from the analysis is that a need to trust the reader follows from Claesson’s choice of narrative techniques; by having the narrating instance mainly represent perception – without allowing the narrator, or the characters of the narrative, to interpret what’s rendered – the reader is left to experience sensation on her own. To assist the reader, Claesson binds together his episodic narration with a frequent use of juxtaposition, in which colors, objects and scenes already used, are re-used – hence having one scene charge the next, and so on, with previously evoked emotions. Furthermore, Claesson frequently uses omission in conjunction with repetition as a narrative technique; often when the narrator returns to an already used scene, she is excluding some of the information given to the reader earlier in exchange for some previously omitted information or for elements belonging to other scenes. The study finds that a consequence of Claesson’s combination of the above mentioned techniques, is that his texts calls for a reader to take an active part in creating meaning both from the text and from their own experience. Finally, the study suggests that Claesson, like any craftsman, recognized that once the work is done and delivered, it is up to the recipient to use it according to their own ability, imagination and discretion.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2003-06-27Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:03:27Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 martins_vhf_dr_sjrp.pdf: 702294 bytes, checksum: e9523aeb9231a38410e0053d4c816a9e (MD5) / Análise sobre o Impressionismo literário, a partir da releitura duma narrativa da Literatura Brasileira, Crônica da casa assassinada, de Lúcio Cardoso, a qual visa a descobrir-lhe a concepção, a temática, o princípio estrutural e a estilística. Pela investigação desses quatro segmentos, chegou-se aos seguintes resultados: a) se ainda se hesita em pensar-se o Impressionismo literário como um escola, sem dúvida pode-se pensá-lo como um estilo, que se projeta do século XIX para o XX; b) o Impressionismo literário invariavelmente refere-se à prosa de ficção (conto, novela, romance); c) Cca configura-se antes um romance impressionista que expressionista, já a partir do substrato filosófico que o move; d) os temas de Cca apontam para o Naturalismo, com o qual o Impressionismo vincula-se estreitamente; e) Cca revela um projeto estrutural, o que pressupõe desmontagem e remontagem textuais; f) o estilo cardosiano vai ao encontro deste idioma nervoso, colorido e requintado chamado écriture artiste, característico do Impressionismo literário. / Research about Literary Impressionism, mainly in a Brazilian Literature Narrative, Crônica da casa assassinada, from Lúcio Cardoso, which tries to find out the conception, the titles, the structural begining and Stilistics. Searching these four elements, the following results were reached: a) one doesn't think about Literary Impressionism just as a single literary behaviour, but as a style, that goes through XIXth. to XXth. Century; b) the Literary Impressionism refers, in a particular and unchangeable way, to fiction prose (short stories, fictous tales, novels); c) Cca is na impressionist novel, since its phylosiphical substractum; d) Cca themes goes to Naturalism, with whom Impressionism is tighly joined; d) Cca brings a narrative handed made work, that presupposes dismounting and remounting the text; f) Cardoso's style goes through this nervous, coloured and sophisticated idiom called écriture artiste.

Ford Madox Ford est un écrivain impressionniste qui se veut historien de son temps et paraît représenter la vie moderne grâce à un texte envisagé à partir du visuel pour faire voir. Il encourage ainsi le rapprochement de son écriture avec l’art des peintres français du XIXème siècle, mais il engage dans ses récits une multitude d’arts et d’esthétiques afin de produire son impression suivant sa pensée originale et singulière. Celle-ci soutient l’accumulation et l’association artistiques mises en œuvre dans les romans en brisant les cadres esthétiques établis pour fusionner arts et esthétiques dans une forme qui s’adapte au réel afin d’en structurer l’informe et de le révéler pour en offrir une expérience au lecteur. Soumis au pictural et au théâtral pour se donner à voir dans des tableaux et des scènes, le récit dévoile en fait comment la modernité résiste à l’illusion mimétique. Peinture et théâtre figurent donc non le visible mais sa perte, et les romans sont poussés par leur objet à la dé-figuration proprement moderne que l’esthétique fordienne promeut et que le cinéma porte. Celui-ci donne alors accès à la vision d’un monde fragmenté et en mouvement par sa totalisation dans la métamorphose continue du filmique, qui en outre invite l’identification visuelle. Mais le cinématographique n’ouvre pas à la totalisation du roman, ni à ce dialogue que l’auteur entend engager avec son lecteur sym-pathique pour lui transférer son œuvre. Ce transfert se fait bien par le texte et sa structure mais en définitive hors de la figuration, grâce à la musique du roman qui à la fois gouverne, rassemble et abolit la représentation, les arts et le texte pour faire com-prendre l’œuvre. / Ford Madox Ford is an impressionist writer who purports to be a historian of his own time and seems to represent modern life in a text conceived visually to make you see. He thus encourages a parallel between his writing and the nineteenth-century French painters’ art to be drawn ; yet he draws on a vast array of arts and aesthetics in his narratives to forge his impression according to his original and singular conception of art. That conception supports the artistic accumulation and association exercised in the novels while it shatters established aesthetic frameworks to merge arts and aesthetics in a form which adapts to reality to structure its formlessness and reveals it to offer an experience of it to the reader. In obeying pictorial and theatrical norms to be seen as pictures or in scenes, the narrative in fact discloses how modernity resists mimetic illusion. So painting and the theatre do not represent visibility but its loss, and the novels are forced by their object to embrace a thoroughly modern de-figuration which Fordian aesthetics endorses and the cinema realises. The latter then grants access to the vision of a fragmented and moving world totalled by the continuous metamorphosis of film, which besides encourages visual identification. However the cinema does not lead to the totalisation of the novel, nor to the dialog which the writer intends to have with his sympathetic reader in order to transfer his artwork onto him. That transfer does happen by means of the text and its structure but ultimately without figuration, through the music of the novel which at once governs, unites and abolishes representation, the arts and the text so the artwork be com-prehended.