Syftet med vår studie var att undersöka hur mycket av alkoholkonsumtionen hos stu-denter som kan prediceras genom biologiska (BMI, ålder och kön), psykologiska (Lo-cus of Control och The Big Five Personality Theory) samt sociala (alkoholvanor i familjen och anledningar till alkoholkonsumtion) faktorer. Vi har valt att undersöka varje individs alkoholkonsumtion i förhållande till BMI och därefter se hur mycket av variansen som kan prediceras av de variabler vi undersökt. Vårt urval bestod av gym-nasieelever och universitetsstudenter i Växjö. Sammanlagt ingick 201 personer i un-dersökningen, 107 män och 94 kvinnor. Vi använde oss av en enkät för insamling av vår data. Vi gjorde en multipel regressions analys som visade att alkoholkonsumtion kan prediceras till 34,3% av de prediktorer vi använt oss av. De biologiska faktorerna predicerade enskild sammanlagt 13,1% av konsumtionen, de psykologiska faktorerna 13,3% och de sociala faktorerna 7,9% av alkoholkonsumtionen i vårt urval. Studiens syfte ämnar belysa en del av de faktorer som påverkar en individs alkoholkonsumtion, för att skapa en djupare förståelse av alkoholmönster hos studenter. / The purpose of this study was to investigate to what extent alcohol consumption among students is predicted by biological (BMI, age and gender), psychological (Lo-cus of Control and The Big Five Theory) and social (drinking habits within the family and reasons for alcohol consumption) factors. We have chosen to investigate each respondent’s alcohol consumption in relation to BMI and then see to what extent the variance can be predicted by the variables we have investigated. Our selection con-sists of upper secondary school students and university students in Växjö. A total of 201 persons participated in the inquiry, of whom 107 were men and 94 were women. The data was collected by means of a questionnaire. We conducted a multiple regres-sion analysis which showed alcohol consumption can be predicted to 34.3% by the variables in this study. In our selection the biological factors alone predicted 13.1% of the alcohol consumption, the psychological factors 13.3% and the social factors 7.9%. This study seeks to highlight some of the factors that affect an individual’s consump-tion of alcohol, this in order to create a deeper understanding concerning alcohol pat-terns among students.

Syftet med denna studie är att få kunskap om hur tiden som arbetsslös kan påverka individens motivation som arbetssökande. Den övergripande frågeställningen är om motivationen till att hitta ett jobb skiljer sig mellan kort- och långtidsarbetslösa ungdomar. Motivationen har här undersökts genom att jämföra om kort- och långtidsarbetslösa skiljer sig i upplevd locus of control, self-efficacy, värdet av ett arbete samt upplevda krav och faktisk nedlagd ansträngning. 106st arbetslösa ungdomar, samtliga inskrivna på Arbetsförmedlingen, deltog i enkätundersökningen. Resultatet visade inga signifikanta skillnader mellan kort- och långtidsarbetslösa i motivationen till att hitta ett arbete. En begränsning i undersökningen är att skillnaden i tid mellan grupperna kort- och långtidsarbetslösa är liten. / The purpose of this study is to gain knowledge on how time of unemployment may affect an individual's motivation in the search of a job. The main issue is whether the motivation to find a job differs between short and long term unemployed young people between 18-26 years of age. The motivation has been examined by comparing the short-and long-term unemployed differ in perceived locus of control, self-efficacy, the value of a work, and perceived requirements and actual effort spent. 106 unemployed youths, all registered at the Employment Service, participated in the survey. The results showed no significant differences between short-and long-term unemployed in the motivation to find work. A limitation of the study is that the difference in time between the groups short-and long-term unemployed is small.

Abstract The development of the nutritionist will be twenty years in Taiwan. The role of nutritionist is changed from meals management of group to education and consulting of nutrition in the period of the prosperous eighties till now. In the meantime, the top ten causes of death are changed from emergency medical case to chromic disease in Taiwan. The custom of weight reduction is spread over Taiwan in the eighties. The general public is eager to receive the instruction of nutritionist. However, the diet therapy of various chromic diseases takes place of weight reduction that is gradually disappeared in Taiwan now. The nutritionist still play important role in maintenance of healthy group and preventive medicine. There are few local researches to be related with the nutritionist. I hope to achieve the effect of promotion by means of this research. There are three destinations in this research. One, the occupational commitment of local nutritionist is understood. Two, the factor is ascertained by the influence of occupational commitment of local nutritionist. Third, the relationship between occupational commitment and leave attitude is confirmed. The researcher initially discusses how viewpoint and expectation of nutritionist is influenced by various occupations through individual interview. And then the evidential research structure and questionnaire is developed to investigate occupational commitment and its influence factors of local occupational nutritionist. The result of research is listed below: 1. Occupational commitment is evident relevant to the gender, position of occupation and location of occupation that is belongs to the variation factors of nutritionist. Among the investigation, occupational commitment of female is stronger that the occupational commitment of male, and occupational commitment of manager is stronger that occupational commitment of non-manager, nutritionist of body fitness center gives much commitment than the nutritionist of hospital, school and other location. 2. Occupational commitment is negative evident relevant to locus of control that is one influence factor of occupational commitment. Occupational commitment is positive evident relevant to work involvement, work satisfaction, organizational commitment and feeling of external environment. The employee that has personality of self-control has more occupational commitment. Occupational commitment of nutritionist can be enhanced by the positive influence factors of occupational commitments. 3. Sentimental commitment is stronger and standard commitment is weak between the occupational commitments of nutritionist. Work satisfaction is much influenced by sentimental commitment. The human resource manager of nutritionist urgently implements the various policies to enhance work satisfaction. 4. Work performance is evident positive relevant to occupational commitments, especially the relevance of sentimental commitment is much evident. Leave attitude is evident negative relevant to occupational commitments. The higher occupational commitment of nutritionist has the better work performance and poor leave attitude. Key words: occupational commitments, locus of control, work involvement, work satisfaction, organizational commitment, work performance, leave attitude.

The purpose of this investigation is based on the model proposed by Ferris et al. (1989) to explore the moderating effect on the relation between the perceptions of organizational politics and job performance, intention to turnover, job involvement, job stress, citizenship behavior, job satisfaction & organizational commitment. Data collected from 1653 employees of Taiwan enterprises. The data were analyzed by applying statistical methods, including factor analysis, reliability, correlation, regression and canonical correlation analysis. The major findings of this study are as fallow: Perceptions of organizational politics were found have the negative relationships with job performance, job involvement, citizenship behavior, job satisfaction and organizational commitment; and perceptions of organizational politics were found have the positive relationships with turnover intention and job stress. Understanding, control, locus of control, type A personality and tenure with supervisor as moderators of the relationships between perceptions of organizational politics and all outcome variables was examined. Results indicated that understanding, control, locus of control, type A personality can moderate the relationship between organizational politics and outcome variables. But tenure with supervisor can not moderate the relationship between organizational politics and outcome variables.

This study investigates the effect of locus of control on the relationships among product innovation, management accounting system (MAS), and organizational performance. 300 participants were randomly drowned from the electronic industries¡¦ managers in Taiwan Security Exchange and 132 useful responses were used to validate the hypotheses by path analysis. The results shows that: 1. Product innovation and organizational performance have a significant positive relationship 2. Product innovation and perceived usefulness of MAS information have a significant positive relationship 3. Perceived usefulness of MAS information and organizational performance are positively correlated 4. Product innovation has an indirect effect on organizational performance through perceived usefulness of MAS information 5. When managers tend to be internal locus of control, the linkage between product innovation and perceived usefulness of MAS information will be stronger 6.When managers tend to be internal locus of control, the linkage between perceived usefulness of MAS information and organizational performance will be stronger. However, when manager tend to be external locus of control, the hypothesis between perceived usefulness of MAS information and organizational performance is not supported. Management implications of this study are suggested. Businesses facing the global competition have to adopt the strategies of product innovation to create profits, promote market shares and improve strength of competition and then achieve organizational performance. Business using higher degree of MAS information will improve their adopting strategy of product innovation and enhance their organizational performance. Managers with internal locus of control will aggressively use MAS information and improve the linkage between product innovation and organizational performance effectively.

With the transformation of industrial structure and the structure of labor force, service industry has become increasingly important in global economy. Service quality is a critical competitive edge for service organizations. Front-line employees play a key role in directly facing and delivering services to the customers, often with intentional management of emotions. When emotions are turned from private behaviors to commodity, the organizations have to find out the way to utilize and manage employees¡¦ emotions in order to achieve desirable performance. The current research aims to examine the relationship among emotional labor, locus of control, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment of the employees in hospitality organizations, and designates job satisfaction as the mediating factor between emotional labor and organizational commitment. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to employees selected from hotels across the island. 334 questionnaires are collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, factor analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlations and multiple regressions. Important findings include: 1. Employees with internal locus of control have higher organizational commitment and job satisfaction. 2. The more contact and interactions between the employees and customers, the higher emotional labor the employees perceive. 3. There¡¦s a partial mediating effect for job satisfaction on the relationship between emotional labor and organizational commitment.

The genetic structure of oyster drill Thais clavigera along the west coast of Taiwan were assayed by starch gel electrophoresis. Factors of locality¡]i.e. Shainsan, Taisi, Budai, Chiku¡^,maturity¡]i.e. mature, immature¡^ and sampling time¡]i.e.1999.7~2000.3, 2000.11¡^ were analyzed to evaluate their effect on drill¡¥s genetic structure . Four of the eleven investigated enzyme loci were polymorphic , i.e. Ark, Lap-1, Lap-2, and Pgm-1. Among the four populations , the mean heterozygosity¡]H¡^and genetic distances¡]D¡^ ranged from 0.100 to 0.129 and from 0.0005 to 0.0029, respectively. Therefore, T. clavigera along the west coast of Taiwan belongs to the same population. However, differentiation among populations still existed which was contributed by Ark locus. According to the degree of differentiation, the four populations were ranked as Shainsan¡BBudai¡BTaisi and Chiku . A similar trend was also observed in the four populations, as the drill size increased, the mean heterozygosity and the heterozygosity of Ark locus increased. Sampling time had no significant effect on genetic structure of populations. It is suggested that environmental factors¡]e.g. environmental quality and topography¡^and drill¡¦s reproductive ecology may be important in determining the genetic structure of populations.

This research report is focused to study of what influences of the service industry with the Educational Cooperative Suport System on employee¡¦s organizational commitment and trend of turnover. 1. What are influences of those interfering variances of characteristics (including external control character and internal control character) as well as individual variance (e.g. gender and age) on employee¡¦s organizational commitment and trend of turnover? 2. What are influences of situational interaction on employee¡¦s organizational commitment and trend of turnover? This research report is investigated within the scope of schools with 511 Model Educational Cooperative (including National Taipei Institute of business Technology, Jin Wen Institute of Technology, Van Nung Institute of Technology and Fortune Institute of Technology) and their students. Based on the expediency sampling theory, 538 (equiv. To 59.8%) out of 900 copies of the Questionnaire sent to the above-mentioned four schools, were received. Deducted from those blank and/or incomplete ones, 226 copies are effective (42% to total replies and 25.1% to total issuance). It is found out that: 1.Main influence on those service industries with the Educational Cooperative Suport System: The more pay supporting and career plan, the more organizational commitment (including recognition and centripetal force). The more pay supporting and technical training, the less trend of turnover. 2.Influence of those interfering variances of characteristics and individual variance: Based on analysis of regression, it is verified that to those employees with low external control character, the more pay supporting and career plan, the more organizational commitment (including recognition and centripetal force). To those senior employees, the more pay supporting, the less trend of turnover. 3.Influences of situational interaction: 1.1 Recognition to the organization 1.1.1 With interaction of the ¡§Educational Cooperative Suport System¡¨ and ¡§external control character¡¨, it is appeared that negative impact on ¡§pay supporting¡¨ and ¡§external control character ¡¨ (b=¡Ð0.04, p<0.05). 1.1.2 With interaction of the ¡§Educational Cooperative Suport System¡¨ and ¡§internal control character¡¨, positive impact upon ¡§career plan¡¨ and ¡§internals control character¡¨ (b=0.03, p<0.1) were found out. 1.1.3 With interaction of the ¡§Educational Cooperative Suport System ¡¨ and ¡§internal control character¡¨, there was positive impact on ¡§pay supporting¡¨ and ¡§internal control character¡¨ (b=0.06, p<0.1). 1.2 Centripetal force to the organization: With interaction of the ¡§Educational Cooperative Suport System¡¨ and ¡§internal control character¡¨, it is appeared that negative impact upon ¡§technical training¡¨ and ¡§internal control character¡¨ (b=-0.04, p<0.1). 1.3 Trend of resignation: With interaction of the ¡§Educational Cooperative Suport System¡¨ and ¡§external control character¡¨, a negative impact on ¡§career plan¡¨ and ¡§internal control character¡¨ (b=-0.04, p<0.1) was found out.

Abstract Leadership and job satisfaction are significantly influential in the success of media and any other organizations. A case study looking into the media organizations of Taiwan can be interesting owing to its specific media environment, since the lifting of the martial law brought forth a liberal public sphere and prosperous media market, accompanying with a growing number of media workers and severe competition. To survive and aim for a longer-term development in such a moment, a well-managed human resource seems to be even more critical, which brings the importance to leadership and job satisfaction in an organization as argued in the beginning. To further explore the issue, this dissertation takes the reporters of terrestrial and satellite television corporations as research object, and examines the relations of three variables ¡V transformational leadership, locus of control, and job satisfaction, with the research method of questionnaire. The findings are listed as below: 1. Wage and seniority as demographical variables significantly affect the perception of transformational leadership. 2. Wage and position as demographical variables significantly affect job satisfaction. 3. The relationship between transformational leadership and job satisfaction has positive correlation. 4. The relationship between locus of control and job satisfaction has positive correlation. 5. The relationship among transformational leadership, locus of control, and job satisfaction has positive correlation; the locus of control is the important factor enhancing the positive correlation between transformational leadership and job satisfaction. According to the above results, to promote job satisfaction and organizational performance accordingly, transformational leadership is suggested in the management of news production divisions. Compared with workers of other industries, reporters are more exposed to time pressure and sense of being alienated with their organizations and colleagues; to release the tension and thus effectively promote job satisfaction of their reporters, leaders of news production divisions should put more stress on consideration. Later researchers might consider a dimensional study or comparative studies among different types of media organization, which would enrich the empirical studies and reinforce the application of theories of transformational leadership.

<p>The purpose of this study was to examine if there was a relation between birth order, gender and locus of control. There where 162 participants in the study, 44 men, 115 women. Birth order was coded into three levels. There where no significant differences between birth order and locus of control. The result showed that female participants where more external when it came to locus of control. When birth order was coded into two levels, there was a significant difference in locus of control. Only-borns where significant more internal than the other sibling groups. Firstborns/ only-borns where significant more internal than both second-born and last-borns. There was no interaction effect between birth order and gender. Adler´s sibling theories and Rotter´s theory of locus of control helped to explain the significant results found in this study.</p>