Recent studies have investigated the hydrological and geochemical characteristics of karst aquifers in different settings; however, telogenetic karst aquifer processes remain poorly understood. In south-central Kentucky, the iconic Lost River Cave and Valley represents a large, complex telogenetic karst drainage basin with a series of discharge points along a collapsed section of the cave. Two Campbell Scientific® CR1000 automated dataloggers were installed at Blue Hole Four, a primary discharge point of the Lost River Karst Aquifer (LRKA). These dataloggers recorded spring discharge, water temperature, specific conductance (SpC), and pH at ten-minute intervals from January to November, 2013. During the year, data for 34 storm events were captured, including water samples that were analyzed for major cation/anion concentrations. These concentrations were correlated to SpC to yield a continuous record of ionic concentrations. Rainfall data were acquired from the Kentucky Mesonet’s Warren County Site within the LRKA basin. Dissolution rates, Ca2+/Mg2+ ratios, and a mass flux of dissolved CaCO3were calculated to assess aquifer evolution processes and identify seasonal and storm event variability throughout the year. A two end member mixing analysis (EMMA) is used to analyze storm flow conditions versus baseflow conditions, and a predictive model is presented that is used to predict peak springflow based upon rainfall totals. A detailed water budget analysis and comparison to historical data is used to assess groundwater storage and aquifer complexity. The annual data reveal both seasonal and storm event patterns in geochemical and hydrologic conditions of the aquifer. The data indicate distinct responses to storm events. These responses, as well as EMMA results, indicate that storm event flows are composed initially of water formerly stored in the aquifer flushed through the aquifer by incoming meteoric water; this gradually gives way to a mixture of meteoric water and storage water that becomes gradually more similar to pre-storm conditions as discharge recedes to baseflow levels. The highest proportion of meteoric water is coincident with the highest potential for CaCO3 dissolution, indicating that storm events drive dissolution in the LRKA. Water budgeting for the full study period and individual storm events indicate that a large proportion of water in the LRKA is not discharged at Blue Hole Four, but rather is stored in the aquifer or follows another flowpath through the aquifer. Additionally, the higher rainfall totals during storm events tend to increase the proportion of water discharged from the aquifer rather than that stored within it. The predictive model indicates a strong correlation between total rainfall and peak discharge. The results overall indicate two critical times at which contaminant transport may occur: first, any contaminants stored in the aquifer will be flushed out first with storage water as discharge peaks, followed by a period in the falling limb of the discharge hydrograph that coincides with the peak proportion of meteoric water carrying contaminants that entered the aquifer during this event. This study helps to improve understanding of telogenetic karst aquifer processes and evolution, particularly in large, complex drainage basins. Future research is necessary to understand the dynamics of these important groundwater reserves and their response to continuing pressures from climate change, human impacts, and natural processes.

Dissertation thesis is focused on the aircraft cooling system optimization. The knowledge of the pressure loss is necessity for design of an optimal system. In the beginning of the thesis, the different designs of piston engine cooling systems are described for both aircrafts and automobiles. Other sections outline the determination of the coolers characteristics and describe the different test sections applicable for the characteristics measurement. The test section built at the Institute of the aerospace engineering is described as well. Practical part of the thesis describes the calibration of the test section. The measurements of the specific coolers were compared with the CFD simulation of two models - the simplified cooler model and cooler element model. Additionally, the measurements were compared with results obtained at specialized coolers testing facility.

Dissertation thesis is focused on the aircraft cooling system optimization. The knowledge of the pressure loss is necessity for design of an optimal system. In the beginning of the thesis, the different designs of piston engine cooling systems are described for both aircrafts and automobiles. Other sections outline the determination of the coolers characteristics and describe the different test sections applicable for the characteristics measurement. The test section built at the Institute of the aerospace engineering is described as well. Practical part of the thesis describes the calibration of the test section. The measurements of the specific coolers were compared with the CFD simulation of two models - the simplified cooler model and cooler element model. Additionally, the measurements were compared with results obtained at specialized coolers testing facility.

Literature is an important part of the curriculum of Swedish secondary school and The Lost Hero by Rick Riordan is a popular novel among teenagers in Stockholm. This creates an opportunity to look closer at the novel, and to investigate the narrative’s discussion of the female, and in this particular case, its depictions of the female characters. This essay will show that by reading the novel with a feminist approach, inspired by the work of Luce Irigaray, the narrative reveals cultural aspects that might work well as a ground for discussions in the classroom.                       This essay considers how the narrative allows for opportunities of female resistance. Without replacing the male on the frontier of adventure, and without betraying their femininity, the female characters of the novel manage to change the power dynamic of how they are perceived. The female protagonist, Piper, works as a gatekeeper for the female resistance, and eliminates – for the cause – unbeneficial female behaviours.                       A feminist approach is beneficial to the diversity that is expected in Swedish secondary school. In addition to already existing research on Riordan’s work, this essay helps justify why The Lost Hero is a good literary alternative for the classroom.

This study considers the role war victims empowerment has on peacebuilding. Even though the relation between empowerment and peacebuilding is well examined, the importance of involving war victims in the peacebuilding process has been given less attention. Through a qualitative case study on the NGO GWED-G’s interventions for young war victims in Gulu, Amuru, and Nwoya districts in Uganda, this study contributes to the discussion on the importance of empowering young war victims for improved peacebuilding efforts. The findings and analysis are based on two analytical frameworks, empowerment theory and the four dimensions of peacebuilding, as well as previous realized linkage between the two. Through these frameworks, it is clear that the empirical data collected in this study regarding the empowerment of young war victims are strongly correlated to the four dimensions of peacebuilding. When carrying out the research, it was also discovered that this linkage goes well beyond what previous research have stated. This study additionally discovered that the empowerment of young war victims has contributed to peacebuilding by impacting whole communities as well. By empowering these war victims, GWED-G has generated a ripple effect, the impact extended to families and entire communities of the empowered war victims and thereby more effectively contributed to peacebuilding.

Este estudo teve como objetivo principal verificar se há consonância entre as medidas de mensuração das perdas por lucros cessantes expressas nos acórdãos emitidos pelo Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo (TJSP) e aquelas referenciadas na literatura de Contabilidade aplicável ao tema. Além disso, buscou identificar o entendimento recorrente do TJSP a respeito das medidas de mensuração aplicáveis a essas apurações. O estudo trata de maneira específica da interrupção de atividades ou negócios, quando o prejudicado é uma entidade jurídica. Foi analisado o conteúdo de 104 acórdãos emitidos pelo TJSP, no período de junho de 2012 a setembro de 2012. As decisões foram analisadas à luz da técnica de análise de conteúdo e por meio de recursos da estatística descritiva, basicamente frequências relativas e acumuladas. A análise dos dados revelou que: (i) existe relação entre as medidas de mensuração expressas nos acórdãos emitidos pelo TJSP e a literatura aplicável ao tema, e (ii) a extensão dessa relação, no que se refere a concordância com a literatura aplicável, é parcial, correspondendo a 52,2% das locuções identificadas na amostra analisada. Verificou-se, também, que 80,4% das locuções utilizadas pelo TJSP para se referir a medidas de mensuração dos lucros perdidos são representadas por cinco (5) diferentes expressões. Essas expressões não possuem o mesmo significado contábil. Outro aspecto constatado foi o uso do termo \'faturamento\' como referência de medida de lucro aplicável às apurações. Além do fato de que esse termo não é referenciado pela literatura como uma medida válida, identificou-se decisão do STJ que descredencia o seu uso em pleitos de indenização por danos dessa natureza. Observou-se, também, como parte dos outros achados, que os acórdãos do TJSP utilizam expressões que representam diferentes critérios para a mensuração dos lucros perdidos. A principal expressão corresponde ao termo \'razoável\', cuja interpretação para fins de operacionalização da apuração, é subjetiva. A conclusão é de que o uso de uma terminologia contábil que não tenha consonância com a literatura aplicável ao tema pode comprometer a apuração do valor do dano e a eficácia da decisão judicial. Nesse contexto, não há segurança de que o valor apurado atenda ao que era a intenção do relator do acórdão nem de que corresponda ao dano sofrido pelo prejudicado. / This study aims at verifying whether there is consonance between the measures used for the measurement of the damages for lost profits issued by the Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo (TJSP) and those referenced in the Accounting literature applicable to the subject. Furthermore, we sought to identify TJSP\'s understanding of the measures applicable to such measurement calculations applicable to these findings. The study treats the interruption of the activities or of the business itself in a very specific manner, when the injured party is a legal entity. The content of 104 judgments issued by TJSP was analyzed from June 2012 to September 2012. The decisions were analyzed in light of the technique for content analysis and by means of descriptive statistics, basically relative and cumulative frequency analyses. Data analysis revealed that: (i) there is a connection between measures informed in the judgments issued by TJSP and the literature applicable to the subject, and (ii) the extent of this connection, regarding the concordance with the applicable literature, is partial, corresponding to 52.2% of the phrases identified in the analyzed sample. It was also found that 80.4% of the phrases used by TJSP to refer to the measures of the lost profits are represented by five (5) different idioms, which in turn, do not have the same meaning in accounting. Another aspect observed was the use of the term \'turnover\' as a reference to measure of profits applicable to the findings. Besides the fact that this term is not referenced in the literature as a valid measure, we identified STJ\'s decision to invalidate its use in claims for such damages. It could also be seen that, as part of other findings, TJSP\'s judgments use idioms that represent different criteria to measure lost profits. The main idiom corresponds to the term \'reasonable\', whose interpretation in order to operationalize the findings is subjective. The conclusion is that the use of accounting terms which do not have consonance with the literature to the subject may compromise the findings of the value of the damage and the effectiveness of the legal decision. In this context, there is not guarantee as to whether the value found faithfully describes the judge\'s intent in the judgment or that it matches the damage suffered by the injured party.

Thesis advisor: Dayton Haskin / Using methods drawn from literary analysis, theology, and political history, <italic>Loving Liberty</italic> explores the relationship between Milton's thinking about liberty and his practice of scriptural interpretation. It argues that Milton advances a model of a free society ultimately modeled on the charitable relations between the Father and the Son, who in his view differ essentially from one another. This model of liberated unity in difference derives from, and responds to, Milton's encounter with the Reformation ideal of each believer reading the Bible for him or herself, along with the social chaos that accompanied the resulting proliferation of interpretations. Using a complex concept of charity, Milton's writings imagine a society in which all are free to use scripture in highly individualized ways that nevertheless conduce to unity rather than chaos. In the end, the very interpretative practice through which Milton thinks his way toward this model also stands as its shining example, culminating in a rich body of writing that creatively re-imagines scripture and that invites its readers to use these new creations or not, as charity demands and in keeping with their own freely exercised gifts. In contrast to what he calls &ldquo;obstinate literality&rdquo; and &ldquo;alphabetical servility&rdquo in <italic>The Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce</italic>, Milton's liberated interpretative method requires the interpreter to generate his or her own Bible, whether by radically reassembling the text (as Milton does in <italic>De Doctrina Christiana</italic>), by prophetically speaking the scripture written on one's heart (as Michael teaches Adam to do in <italic>Paradise Lost</italic>). / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2011. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: English.

La réception À la recherche du temps perdu de Marcel Proust est très connue et reste pourtant obscure dans le détail. Ce travail en deux tomes dégage différents aspects de la réception de l’œuvre en France depuis la parution du premier tome [Du côté de chez Swann] jusqu’à la veille de la publication de la première édition de la Pléiade.Le tome I est la partie d’analyse. Après un premier chapitre de réflexion, cette thèse retrace les réactions provoquées par chaque tome du roman durant la période de 1913 à1928, en réunissant dans un chapitre des articles et ouvrages de critique concernant la problématique de la personnalité, avant d’aboutir à l’analyse de l’époque postérieure au dernier tome du roman.Le tome II constitue une bibliographie chronologique contenant 2.100 titres d’articles et d’ouvrages relatifs à Proust et à ses œuvres publiés pendant l’époque étudiée ainsi que deux index [des titres de périodiques et des auteurs] / The reception of Proust’s novel, À la recherche du temps perdu [The Search forLost Time] is at the same time very well-known and obscure in its details. This work intwo volumes studies various aspects of the reception of the novel in France from thepublication of Swann’s Way [Du Côté de chez Swann] to the eve of the publication of itsfirst edition in the Pléiade collection in 1954.The first volume contains an analysis of the reception. After an introductory chapterthis thesis presents the reactions to the various parts of the novel as they appearedbetween 1913 and 1928 while a specific chapter is devoted to the various criticalreactions to the problem of the literary personality and another one to the periodfollowing the publication of the last part of the novel.The second volume contains a chronological bibliography mentioning 2,100 titresof articles and other works dealing with Proust and his work published during the periodconcerned as well as two indexes [one of periodicals and the other of authors]

Muitas das atuais pesquisas sobre família ressaltam a importância do casamento como espaço privilegiado (mas não único) para a expressão de sentimentos entre o par de amantes, seus ascendentes e descendentes. Fenômeno tão antigo quanto à sociedade Ocidental o casamento sofreu ao longo do tempo mudanças. Aponta-se que no Brasil o casamento cresceu em importância na passagem do século XIX para o XX (período de muitas mudanças) mas poucas são as pesquisas que se voltam ao estudo das relações cotidianas daquele período utilizando fontes do mesmo. Esta pesquisa pretendeu estudar como na passagem do XIX para o XX no Brasil, tendo a cidade de Ribeirão Preto como referência, o casamento pode se firmar como instituição que regulava as ações individuais, familiares e sociais pelo ordenamento proposto pelas e nas concepções jurídicas; neste contexto a legislação (cível e criminal) sofreu mudanças que pretenderam controlar o exercício da sexualidade, a moral e a formação de famílias pelos nubentes e jovens (preservando a virgindade) através do casamento. Selecionou-se (no Arquivo do Tribunal de Justiça da Comarca de Ribeirão Preto) 46 Inquéritos Policiais e 58 Processos Crime datados entre 1871 (o mais antigo encontrado) e 1942 (instauração do Novo Código Penal que reformulou a matéria dos crimes sexuais) que versavam sobre crimes sexuais vigentes no Código Penal de 1890. Estes foram lidos e as informações colhidas foram sistematizadas para a análise do material no sentido de estabelecer possíveis relações entre os crimes sexuais e a doutrina pró-casamento. Sobre o nosso material podemos inferir que os crimes sexuais ocorreram entre acusados próximos às ofendidas (namorados ou conhecidos), em sua maioria restrito (mas não exclusivos) à grupos de origem por nacionalidade e cor da pele, cujos pais das ofendidas foram responsáveis pela queixa que resultaram em arquivamentos (40%), casamentos espontâneos entre acusados e ofendidas (30%) e casamentos após prisão ou pronúncia do acusado (11.5%) – o casamento, como garantido por lei, extinguia o crime cometido -, condenações (9.6%) e outros documentos sem final (8.6%). A relação entre a intenção da queixa e o desfecho do caso pode ser estabelecida quando atentamos para os relatos existentes nos documentos (de testemunhas, advogados, delegados e juizes) cuja resolução (absolvição ou condenação) estaria pautada nos comportamentos morais esperados de homens e mulheres - como forma de punição aos que não seguissem os imperativos jurídico-morais que estimulavam os casamentos. Os dados também indicam que a maioria das queixas-crime estavam relacionadas ao não cumprimento de promessas matrimoniais por parte dos acusados (e as ofendidas recorriam a seus familiares e autoridades para conseguir seu intento) ou como maneira a abreviar a união quando não consentida pelos pais (casos de crimes sexuais sem a intenção de abreviar o casamento também ocorreram). Dessa maneira a queixa de crimes sexuais não servia apenas para penalizar acusados, mas também para promover casamentos. / Much of actual famylie´s researches show the marriage´s importance while favoured site (but not the only) for the sentimental expression between lovers, their ascendency and descendency. Ancient phenomenon as long as ocidental society marriage changed in the eras. In Brazil marriage became more important in 19th – 20th passage (period of many changes) but there are not much researches study the cotidian relationships from that era using historical material. This research tried study how in brazilian society 19th – 20th , using Ribeirão Preto city as refence, marriage firmed as institution (which organize individuals´, families´ and social´s actions) by and for the juridical´s conceptions; in that context the (civil and criminal) legislation suffered changes which controled the sexual´s exercice, the moral and families´formation by fiancées e younges (reserving virginity) by marriage. 46 policial inquiry and 58 criminal about sexual crimes between 1871 (the oldest find) and 1942 (inaturation of the brasilian´s New Penal Code) process were selected in the Archive´s Justice Tribunal (Ribeirão Preto´s judicial district) reguled by the 1890 Penal Code. This documents were readed and their informations were analised for estabilish possibles relations among sexual criminality and mariiage´s incentive. About our material we can say: sexual crimes occorred between proximal´s accused and victim (friends our boyfriens), in maiority between national groups by desendance and color, which parents were responsable by acusations which result in archivements (40%), espontaneal´s marriages between acussed and victim (30%) and marriages after accused´s prison/law suit (11.5%) – marriage like, as legal garanty, criminal extinguision -, condenations (9.6%) and other ones without final (8.6%). The relation between accusation´s intention and resolution can be established when we pay attention for the document´s relats (witness, defensal lawyers, judges and police officers) whose resoltion (condenation or absolvation) were ruled by moral behaviors expected for men and women – punition for those who not followed the moral and juridical´s rules which estimuled marriages. The material analisis show us relations between criminal accusations and no marriage accomplishment by acused ones (and the victims looked for their parents or legal authorits to get their intention: marriage) or for to antecipate the union no consented by parents (and sexual crimes without intention of marriage also happens); in this way sexual crimes´accusations were used for punish those who do not want to marriage and for to promote marriages.

Our society has become more and more radicalized. For many people religion plays a vital role in this radicalization process, particularly for those who justify racial supremacy through religious tenets. The purpose of this study is to examine and compare two ideologies from which radicalized followers assume racial supremacy from a God given designation as the "true Israelites". The two ideologies interpret the Bible – and sometimes even the same passages – differently.  In this study I will examine the Christian Identity movement and the Black Hebrew Israelites by using a comparative method from a prototypical approach. My focus is how two different ideologies misinterpret the biblical myth about the Lost Tribes of Israel and how this misinterpretation inspires racial supremacy and Anti-Semitism. This is a study about the connection between race and religion. Keywords: racism, race, Christian Identity, Black Hebrew Israelites, Anti-Semitism, Lost Tribes of Israel