Objectives: Concerns have been raised that child welfare systems may inappropriately target poor families for intrusive interventions. The term “neglect” has been critiqued as a class-based label applied disproportionately to poor families. The objectives of the study are: to identify the nature and frequency of clinical and poverty-related concerns in child neglect investigations and to assess the service referral response to these needs; to examine the contribution of poverty-related need to case decision-making; and to explore whether substantiated cases of neglect can be divided into subtypes based on different constellations of clinical and poverty-related needs. Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of data collected through the 2008 Canadian Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect (CIS‑2008), a nationally representative dataset. A selected subsample of neglect investigations from the CIS‑2008 (N = 4,489) is examined through descriptive analyses, logistic regression, and two-step cluster analysis in order to explore each research objective. Results: Children and caregivers investigated for neglect presented with a range of clinical and poverty-related difficulties. Contrary to some previous research, the existence of poverty-related needs did not influence case dispositions after controlling for other relevant risk factors. However, some variables that should be, in theory, extraneous to case decision-making emerged as significant in the multivariate models, most notably Aboriginal status, with Aboriginal children having increased odds of substantiation, ongoing service provision and placement. Cluster analyses revealed that cases of neglect could be partitioned into three clusters, with no cluster emerging characterized by poverty alone. Conclusions: The majority of children investigated for neglect live in families experiencing poverty-related needs, and with caregivers struggling with clinical difficulties. While poverty-related need on its own does not explain the high proportion of poor families reported to the child welfare system, nor does it account for significant variance in case decision making, cluster analysis suggests that there exists a subgroup of “neglected” children living in families perhaps best characterized by the broader notion of social disadvantage. These families may be better served through an orientation of family support/family welfare rather than through the current residual child protection paradigm.

This mixed-methods dissertation considers the experiences of women who used substances during pregnancy. Retrospective interviews with 15 women, currently accessing inpatient substance abuse treatment, identify trends in women’s experiences prior to accessing these services. Women report being concerned about the impact of their substance use on the developing baby, seeking information, reducing substance use outside of accessing treatment services, and engaging in healthy behaviors to protect the baby from harm. Trends related to trying to reduce harm to the baby during pregnancy are then further explored through quantitative analyses. Data on harm reduction behaviors prior to accessing treatment were collected from an additional 54 women. A clinical and research tool for visually tracking patterns of maternal substance use over the course of pregnancy was developed. This tool identifies the high prevalence of women who decrease their substance use during pregnancy outside of accessing treatment services. Clinical use of this tool is considered. In addition, a questionnaire, designed to identify engagement in harm reduction and health promoting behaviors, was administered. Data suggests that harm reduction and health promotion behaviors are common and tend to begin early on in pregnancy. Women report beginning to decrease their substance use, on average, beginning at the end of the first trimester. The timing of beginning to reduce substance use is not associated with the timing of entering substance abuse treatment in relation to a given pregnancy. However, maternal mental health and perceived barriers to accessing services do predict when, in relation to pregnancy, women enter treatment. As a whole, this research suggests that continued use of substances during pregnancy is not due to indifference towards the developing baby. Instead, women report being concerned about their babies and being engaged in the process of positive self-change. There are public health and clinical implications to these findings. This research suggests the opportunity to build upon the motivation that women have to decrease their substance use. In addition, this research suggests the importance of focusing policy and intervention efforts on addressing perceived barriers to accessing treatment services.

The present study aims to integrate resilience concepts within the context of a theoretical model for child maltreatment, the ecological model, as well as to describe risks and protective factors leading to a better interaction as a dynamic process. Thinking deeply about maltreatment from the point of view of resilience implies focusing on the serious consequences it produces, as well as on the assessment of children’s resources to continue growing and developing despite the risks. We may promote children’s potential by understanding resilience within a child maltreatment framework based on this model (interactional, bidirectional and reciprocal). / El presente trabajo integra conceptos vinculados a la resiliencia en el ámbito del maltrato infantil desde el modelo ecológico, haciendo énfasis en la descripción de factores de riesgo y protectores, a fin de acercarnos a la comprensión de sus modalidades de interacción como proceso dinámico. Esto implica enfocarse, no solo en las graves consecuencias que el maltrato produce, sino también en el estudio de los recursos infantiles que permiten a los niños continuar con su desarrollo a pesar del riesgo. Se considera que la comprensión de la resiliencia en el ámbito del maltrato infantil desde este modelo interaccional, bidireccional y reciproco puede acercarnos a pensar mejores modos de promover potencialidades en la infancia.

Submitted by Neusa Fagundes (neusa.fagundes@unioeste.br) on 2018-07-17T17:27:53Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Katiucia_Peres2018.pdf: 1096649 bytes, checksum: aa42d3a650b34707250f51799c8b64c2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-17T17:27:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Katiucia_Peres2018.pdf: 1096649 bytes, checksum: aa42d3a650b34707250f51799c8b64c2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-16 / Learning can be hampered due to several problems, which directly and / or indirectly affect the concentration and acquisition of knowledge, especially when it comes from suffered violence. The objective of this study was to search the Child and Youth Court of the District of Marechal Cândido Rondon, indexes of children victims of violence and to conduct a survey, if this violation of rights was one of the causes of learning difficulties. It was characterized as of the descriptive type. The population was composed of children aged between 4 and 12 years, linked to the Secretariats of Education (SMED), making a total of 157 children who had learning difficulties. The sample consisted of 135 children linked to the CREAS - Specialized Reference Center for Social Assistance, for presenting undue behaviors caused by conditions of violence suffered in the period from 2014 to 2016. The instruments for data collection were processes that ran in secrecy of justice , through judicial authorization and accompanying forms provided by CREAS and SMED. Analyzes were performed using a qualitative quantitative approach. The results obtained were that 71% of the children attended by CREAS presented learning difficulties and in the two municipalities of the Comarca for the three years of the study, this percentage reached 100% and in 2016 all the children in the municipalities that suffered violence presented learning problems. It was found that in some schools, only information transfer occurred and children with problems, both behavioral and learning difficulties, were left out, excluded, stigmatized, labeled. Municipality 6 was the one that presented the highest rate of violence against children. The main violence presented were Physical Aggression, Sexual Violence, Neglect, Psychological Violence, Bullying, Abandonment and Moral Violence. Among the most prominent was Sexual Violence. Victims had behaviors of phobias, panic, isolation, feelings of stigma, anxiety, difficulties of concentration and relationship, using psychological and medical treatments with prescriptions. We can conclusively affirm that the violence suffered by children directly interferes with learning, impairing the concentration and well-being of the child in the classroom, but due to the protection organs, there are significant changes in the municipalities, the cases are being seen duly accompanied and through the support and encouragement of the Secretariats of Education, actions are being developed together with the schools, with capacitations of new pedagogical actions in this environment and carrying out activities with the society in the sense of prevention and respect to this abominable crime that is the infantile violence . / A aprendizagem pode ser prejudicada devido a vários problemas, que direta e/ou indiretamente, afetam a concentração e aquisição dos conhecimentos, principalmente quando advém de uma violência sofrida. O estudo teve como objetivo buscar junto a Vara da Infância e Juventude da Comarca de Marechal Cândido Rondon, índices de crianças vítimas de violência e realizar um levantamento, se esta violação de direitos era uma das causas de dificuldade de aprendizagem. Caracterizou-se como do tipo descritivo. A população foi composta pelas crianças da faixa etária de 04 a 12 anos, ligadas as Secretarias Municipais de Educação - SMED, perfazendo um total de 157 crianças que apresentavam dificuldades de aprendizagem. A amostra foi composta por 135 crianças ligadas aos CREAS - Centro de Referência Especializado de Assistência Social, por apresentarem comportamentos indevidos causados por condições de violência sofridas no período de 2014 a 2016. Os instrumentos para coleta de dados foram processos que correram em segredo de justiça, através de autorização judicial e fichas de acompanhamento fornecidas pelo CREAS e SMED. As análises foram realizadas através de uma abordagem quanti-qualitativa e fenomenológica. Os resultados obtidos foram que 71% das crianças atendidas pelo CREAS apresentavam dificuldades de aprendizagem e, em dois municípios da Comarca, pelos três anos do estudo, este percentual chegou a 100% e no ano de 2016 todas as crianças dos municípios que sofreram violência apresentaram problemas de aprendizagem. Detectou-se que em algumas escolas, somente ocorria a transferência de informações e as crianças que apresentavam problemas, tanto comportamentais como de dificuldade de aprendizagem, eram deixadas de lado, excluídas, estigmatizadas, rotuladas. O município 6 foi o que apresentou o maior índice de violência contra as crianças. As principais violências apresentadas foram Agressão Física, Violência Sexual, Negligências, Violência Psicológica, Bullying, Abandono e Violência Moral. Dentre estas a que mais se destacou foi à Violência Sexual. Vitimas apresentavam comportamentos de fobias, pânico, isolamento, sentimentos de estigmação, ansiedade, dificuldades de concentração e de relacionamento, utilizando tratamentos psicológicos e médicos com receituários. Podemos de forma conclusiva afirmar que as violências sofridas pelas crianças, interferem diretamente na aprendizagem, prejudicando na concentração e bem estar da criança na sala de aula, mas devido aos órgãos de proteção, estão ocorrendo mudanças altamente significativas nos municípios, os casos vistos estão sendo devidamente acompanhados e através do apoio e incentivo das Secretarias Municipais de Educação, estão sendo desenvolvidas ações junto as escolas no sentido de prevenção e respeito a este abominável crime que é a violência infantil.

Sabe-se que o fenômeno dos maus-tratos se constitui em uma problemática complexa que envolve na sua etiologia vários fatores, sendo necessária a observação deste fenômeno por uma perspectiva multidimensional. A abordagem Ecológico-Sistêmica do desenvolvimento humano e o modelo teórico Transacional pressupõem, respectivamente, a existência de diversos contextos e variáveis de risco que se influenciam mutuamente para a produção dos maus-tratos. Dentro disto, numerosas pesquisas, principalmente no âmbito internacional, têm encontrado associação significativa entre a problemática dos maus-tratos e variáveis no nível ontogenético, no microssistema, e no exossistema, dispondo-se inclusive de um conhecimento quanto às especificidades referentes a cada tipo de maus-tratos em particular. Neste panorama, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo verificar se a associação entre determinados fatores de risco atinentes à figura do cuidador e os maus-tratos físicos seria encontrada na realidade brasileira. Vale destacar que os fatores priorizados no estudo referem-se a aspectos psicológicos, como a angústia, nível de estresse associado à função parental, nível de apoio social, estilo parental e histórico de maus-tratos na própria infância. Para tanto, comparou-se dois grupos de pais/cuidadores, sendo um notificado ao Conselho Tutelar devido a abusos físicos contra os filhos (Grupo Clínico) e outro sem histórico conhecido de abuso (Grupo de Comparação), ambos constituídos por trinta participantes (n=60), pareados entre si em características sócio-demográficas, como nível econômico e educacional, situação conjugal e número de filhos / crianças sob seus cuidados. O primeiro grupo foi recrutado a partir dos registros do Conselho Tutelar e o segundo foi composto por conveniência, a partir de indicações, na comunidade. Os instrumentos utilizados para a coleta de dados tiveram a função de avaliar um ou mais fatores de risco, sendo eles: o Child Abuse Potential Inventory CAP; o Índice de Estresse Parental ISP; o Inventário de Estilos Parentais IEP; o Questionário de Apoio Social - QAS e a Entrevista da História da Infância do Adulto. É necessário sublinhar que também foi utilizado um Questionário de Caracterização Sócio-demográfica, sendo que os dados coletados com este instrumento permitiam caracterizar os respondentes para proceder à equiparação dos grupos, mas também levantar algumas informações referentes a variáveis de risco no plano sócio-demográfico. Cada instrumento foi corrigido segundo seus próprios critérios, sendo que os dados obtidos puderam ser categorizados e comparados estatisticamente por meio do teste t de Student para amostras independentes ou Mann Whitney Rank Sum Test, quando necessário. Os dados obtidos com a História da Infância do Adulto foram, primeiramente, analisados descritivamente, por meio da obtenção de freqüências e porcentagens e, quando possível, utilizou-se o teste Qui-quadrado ou o teste Exato de Fisher, para também comparar estatisticamente os grupos, adotando-se como nível de significância p 0,05. Os resultados encontrados indicaram diferenças significativas (p< 0,05) entre os grupos para a maioria das dimensões que compõem a Escala de Abuso do CAP: angústia, rigidez, problemas com a criança e consigo e problemas com os outros, verificando-se um maior potencial de risco para os participantes do grupo clínico em relação ao grupo de comparação. Quanto ao ISP, os grupos apresentaram diferenças em relação à dimensão características da criança e no escore total, indicando que o grupo clínico vive mais estresse nas interações com a criança do que o grupo de comparação. No IEP os grupos se diferenciaram somente na dimensão monitoria positiva, denotando que o grupo clínico emprega com menos freqüência práticas positivas na educação dos filhos que o grupo de comparação. O QAS diferenciou os grupos nas dimensões de apoio afetivo, de interação social positiva e no escore total, apontando também que os participantes do grupo clínico se percebem com menos apoio social do que o grupo de comparação. A análise da História da Infância indicou que de forma geral, os adultos pertencentes ao grupo clínico viveram mais situações difíceis na infância que o grupo de comparação, sendo que estas, por vezes, se configuraram em situações de maus-tratos. Os grupos se diferenciaram também no que se refere a duas variáveis sócio-demográficas específicas: a idade do responsável por ocasião do nascimento do primeiro filho e o grau de satisfação com o bairro, denotando que os participantes do grupo clínico eram mais jovens que os do grupo de comparação por ocasião do nascimento do primeiro filho, tendo em média 19 anos, e que também eram mais insatisfeitos com o local de moradia que os do grupo de comparação. Os resultados permitem dizer que as variáveis que discriminam os dois grupos compõem indicadores de risco para os maus-tratos físicos em nosso contexto sócio-cultural, corroborando o que é apresentado na literatura científica, quanto aos fatores que reiteradamente têm se mostrado associados ao problema no âmbito internacional. Todos eles, tomados em separado ou conjuntamente, podem servir para orientar o desenvolvimento e a avaliação de programas de prevenção primária e/ou secundária, na comunidade. / Child maltreatment is a complex problem that involves in your etiology several factors, being necessary a multiform perspective to understand it. The Ecological-Systemic approach of human development and the Transactional theoretical model presuppose, respectively, the existence of several contexts and variables of risk that are influenced itself mutually for the production of the maltreatments. The present study aimed to establish whether exists or not association between certain risk factors relating to parents and physical abuse in Brazilian reality. The psychological aspects investigated were: distress, level of stress associated to the parental function, level of social support, parental style and historical of maltreatments in the own childhood. Two groups composed by thirty participants were compared (n=60): the first one was composed by parents who were reported to child protection agencies due to physical abuse against their children (Clinical Group) and the second one had no historical abuse (comparison group) composed by convenience form indications from the community. Both group were matched in social-demographics characteristics, as economic and educational level, conjugal situation and number of own children or children under its cares. The instruments used for data collection were: Child Abuse Potential Inventory CAP; the Parenting Stress Index ISP; the Inventário de Estilos Parentais IEP; the Questionário de Apoio Social QAS and the Entrevista da História da Infância do Adulto. Instruments were codified and statistical analyses were made to compare data from the two groups. Significance level was p 0,05. Results pointed out significant differences between the two groups for most of the dimensions from CAP Abuse Scale: distress, rigidity, problems with child and self, and problems from others. It was also verified a higher risk potential for physical abuse related to the participants of the clinical group. With regards to ISP, the groups presented differences related to the child\'s characteristic dimension and in its total score, pointing that clinical group has more stress during interactions with their children than comparison group. The IEP showed differences between groups only for the dimension of positive supervision, denoting that the clinical group uses less frequently positive practices in the children\'s education. QAS differentiated the groups in the dimensions of affective support, of positive social interaction and in the total score which means that clinical group has less social support than the comparison group. The analysis of the history of the Childhood indicated that in a general way, the adults belonging to the clinical group had lived more difficult situations than the comparison group. The two groups also differed in two specific social-demographic variables: the age of mother/father at the first child\'s birth and the satisfaction degree related to neighborhood, denoting that the participants of the clinical group were younger in the occasion of the first child\'s birth (median= 19 years old) and that they were also more unsatisfied with the home place. The results allow us to say that the variables that discriminate the two groups are indicators of risk for physical maltreatments in our social-cultural context. That corroborate with what is pointed in the scientific literature, with relation to factors that repeatedly have been showed associated to the problem of physical maltreatment in the international ambit. These results may help us, in Brazilian context, guiding the development and the evaluation of primary or secondary prevention programs in the community.

Investigações epidemiológicas apontam que as taxas de incidência e prevalência da negligência são as mais altas em vários países do mundo, bem como no Brasil. No nosso contexto, as investigações sobre o tema são raras e o conhecimento limitado. Buscando contribuir para uma melhor compreensão da negligência no contexto Brasileiro, o presente estudo teve como objetivo estudar a manifestação da negligência em casos notificados ao Conselho Tutelar, tentando apreender os mecanismos de produção subjacentes, de modo a se estabelecer parâmetros com vistas à avaliação dos casos. Para tal, utilizou-se proposições teóricas já estabelecidas pela literatura científica atinentes a critérios relacionados à manifestação do problema e aos mecanismos relacionados à sua produção. O delineamento metodológico foi o de Estudo de Casos Múltiplos, dentro de uma abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa. A coleta de dados ocorreu no contexto de vida das famílias, em um contexto de acompanhamento psicossocial, que teve a duração de 10 meses, utilizando-se de observação participante, entrevistas e utilização de instrumentos padronizados. No total, 12 famílias foram estudadas. As informações, coletadas por meio das diferentes estratégias, foram reagrupadas de modo a compor um conjunto único de dados, referente a cada caso. Buscou-se, então, verificar se as proposições teóricas fixadas a priori podiam ou não ser demonstradas em cada caso, para em seguida se efetuar análises de comparação, buscando-se por semelhanças e diferenças, no sentido de encontrar agrupamentos possíveis, com relação ao conceito de negligência empregado. Os resultados distinguiram três grupos. Um primeiro foi denominado \"Negligência Confirmada\", formado pelas famílias cujas informações coletadas preencheram a todos critérios pré-estabelecidos; um segundo, \"Em Risco de Negligência\", constituído pelas famílias cujas informações indicaram o não cumprimento aos critérios relativos à manifestação, mas os cumpriam no plano dos mecanismos de produção da problemática sinalizando, então, que a instalação da negligência estaria em curso; e um terceiro grupo, que foi chamado de \"Negligência Não Confirmada\", reuniu as famílias cujas informações não cumpriam, concomitantemente, a todos os critérios estabelecidos. Pode-se dizer que as crianças no grupo 1 foram àquelas que apresentavam a maior gama de necessidades não respondidas associadas a um grande número de conseqüências. Este grupo também se diferenciava dos outros, pelo isolamento social em que vivia a família e número reduzido de interações positivas entre cuidadores-crianças. No grupo 2, observou-se que significativos problemas de comportamento que as crianças apresentavam geravam reações dos diversos ambientes sociais (principalmente, na escola) e se tornavam uma fonte significativa de estresse na família, concorrendo para a diminuição das interações parento-filiais, com o incremento de punições corporais, além de produzir isolamento social das famílias. O grupo 3 se diferenciou pelo apoio social recebido, apontando para a importância crucial dessa variável, no sentido de darem conta das necessidades de desenvolvimento infantil, em meio a uma gama variada de adversidades. Os critérios utilizados para a avaliação dos casos, além de permitirem visualizar a complexidade do fenômeno, possibilitaram a identificação de suas diferentes manifestações. Futuras investigações, com diferentes amostras, podem ajudar na consolidação dos critérios de avaliação e confirmação de casos no contexto brasileiro. / Epidemiological investigations reveal that the incidence and prevalence rates of negligence are the highest in several countries in the world, as it is in Brazil. In our context, the investigations around the theme are rare and the knowledge is limited. Seeking to contribute to a better comprehension of negligence in the Brazilian context, the present study has the intention of analyzing the manifestation of negligence in cases notified to the protective service, trying to apprehend the underlying production mechanisms, so that it is possible to establish parameters concerning the evaluation of the cases. In order to do so, theoretical propositions were used which already established by scientific literature related to the criteria concerning the manifestation of the problem and the mechanisms associated to its production. The methodological framework was the Multiple Case Study, in a qualitative approach of research. A data gathering took place in the life background of the families, in a context of psychosocial attendance, which had a 10 month duration, making use of participating observation, interviews and the use of standardized instruments. Overall, 12 families were studied. The information collected by the different strategies was regrouped so that a single group of data was composed related to each case. It is, then, sought to verify if the theoretical propositions determined a priori could or not be demonstrated in each case, so that, next, an analysis of comparison could be made, seeking for similarities and differences, in the sense of finding possible groupings concerning the concept of negligence employed. The results sorted out three groups. The first one was named \"Confirmed Negligence\", formed by the families which collected information met all the pre-established criteria; a second one was named \"In Risk of Negligence\", formed by the families which information indicated the non accomplishment of the criteria relative to manifestation, but met those in the sphere of the production mechanisms of the problem, thus indicating that the onset of negligence is in its course; and a third group, called \"Non-confirmed Negligence\", assembled the families which information didn\'t meet, concomitantly, all the established criteria. It can be said that the children from group 1 were those who presented the greatest variety of needs that were not met associated to a great number of consequences. This group also differed from the others by the social isolation in which the family lived and by the reduced number of positive interactions between children and caretakers. In group 2, it could be observed that significative behavior problems presented by the children created reactions from the various social environments (especially school) and became a significative font of stress in the family, leading to the reduction of parent-child interactions, with the increase of corporal punishment, in addition to producing the social isolation of the families. Group 3 stood out for the social support received, pointing to the critical importance of this variable, in the sense of meeting the necessities of children development in a wide range of adversities. The criteria used for the evaluation of the cases not only allowed the complexity of the phenomena to be visualized, it also made the identification of its different manifestations possible. Future investigation, with different samples, can help to consolidate the criteria of evaluation and confirmation of the cases in the Brazilian context.

Background Child maltreatment has increased over the past years. There is no direct relation-ship between child maltreatment and the actual living condition of the children. All children should be protected against all types of physical, mental and sexual abuse. It is of great im-portance that nurses have knowledge of how to report when they suspected child maltreatment. Aim The aim was to describe nurses´ experiences of reporting when child maltreatment is sus-pected. Methods A method to contribute to evidence-based nursing with ground in analysis of qualita-tive research was performed. In this study nine qualitative articles were analyzed. Results From the analysis three main themes were identified; a difficult task, need of support and create a holistic view of children. Seven subthemes were identified; manage their own lack of knowledge, uncertainty and fear, trust their judgment and courage to act,protection of children's safety and well-being, support from colleagues and management, interact with child protection services, strengthen trust with related parents of the child and environment affecting children.Conclusion Conclusions that can be deduced from this study are to highlight the need for support and knowledge of how a report is conducted. Consequences to not report child maltreat-ment is described in this study as well as which benefits a report of child maltreatment may give for both children and close relatives.

No description available.

Early life experiences such as childhood maltreatment are important contributors to depression, one of the most significant mental health problems in Canada; approximately 11.2% of Canadian adults will experience major depression at some point in their life (Knoll & MacLennan, 2017). Although psychological maltreatment and neglect are the most common forms of child maltreatment, and it has been suggested that they are linked to later depression, the underlying mechanisms explaining this relation have yet to be determined. The current investigation examined the role of adult attachment and relationship satisfaction in the prediction of depressive symptomology in 676 university students (74% female). Both anxious and avoidant attachment were mediators of the relationship between childhood psychological maltreatment (CPM) and adult depressive symptoms. Only avoidant attachment was a mediator of the relationship between childhood psychological neglect (CPN) and depressive symptoms. Relationship status did not moderate the relationship between maltreatment and attachment. However, for those currently in romantic relationships, the effect of CPM on avoidant attachment was moderated by relationship satisfaction. Specifically, those with a history of CPM who were currently in a satisfying relationship experienced heightened attachment avoidance along with subsequent depressive symptoms. Implications and strategies for clinical intervention are discussed. / Graduate

The Essential Tools for Positive Behavior Change is a behavioral parenting curriculum that is currently being disseminated throughout the state and Florida and is now being utilized in Texas to teach parents who are at risk or are founded of abuse and neglect. Research on the curriculum thus far has focused on large scale outcomes, skill acquisition of caregivers during analog role-play assessments, and scores on a written quiz. Little research has focused on generalization of classroom performance to the home. The measurement systems that have been used to evaluate positive outcomes also were in need of improvement. The current study was designed to determine whether teaching a component (Stay Close) to typical parents resulted in immediate improvements in written exam scores and on a role-play assessment and if those skills could be seen in a home setting. The results indicated that small improvements were seen across quiz scores in all but one family and some improvements across behavior was seen in both the role-play and home observations. Additionally, a reliable measurement system was created that captured both home observations and role-play assessment data.