Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The transformations undergone by radio journalism in the current context of media convergence support this dissertation, which aims at investigating the interactive strategies adopted by informative radio through digital social networks. So, were chosen as research objects CBN and Gaúcha radio stations, both offering programs primarily to radio journalism and strong presence in the online environment, the first with national reach and the second with regional, restricted to the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The study is developed from the application of a mixed research methodology, based on a literature review that goes through the concepts of convergence, radio communication, interactivity and digital social networks. To the theoretical course was added a Comparative Case Study, which was based on evidences gathered through the consultation documents, direct observation of websites and profiles on social networking sites, in-depth interviews and even the content analysis, method applied to sound and digital content from both stations. The intersection of theoretical discussions and empirical research data obtained allowed reflection on the appropriateness of issuing the convergence process, indicating different levels of adaptation. The report also pointed for a wide appreciation of digital environments by analyzed radio stations, especially social networking sites. These spaces, however, are mainly used to extent broadcast content. The interactivity with listeners, understood from the notion of reciprocity, was revealed in the background, demonstrating that although inserted in the digital ecosystem, the radio does not have full mastery of new interactive tools enabled by information and communication technologies. / As transformações pelas quais passa o radiojornalismo no atual contexto da convergência midiática fundamentam esta dissertação, que tem como objetivo principal investigar as estratégias interativas adotadas por rádios informativas por meio das redes sociais digitais. Para tanto, foram escolhidas como objetos de pesquisa as emissoras de rádio CBN e Gaúcha, ambas com programação voltada fundamentalmente ao radiojornalismo e forte inserção no ambiente on-line, sendo a primeira com alcance nacional e a segunda com âmbito regional, restrita ao Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O estudo é desenvolvido a partir da aplicação de uma metodologia de pesquisa mista, partindo de uma revisão bibliográfica que perpassa pelos conceitos de convergência, comunicação radiofônica, interatividade e redes sociais digitais. Ao percurso teórico foi acrescentado o estudo comparativo de casos, que se baseou em evidências coletadas através da consulta a documentos, observação direta de sites e perfis em sites de redes sociais, entrevistas em profundidade e ainda da análise de conteúdo, método aplicado ao conteúdo sonoro e digital de ambas as emissoras. O cruzamento das discussões teóricas e dos dados obtidos na pesquisa empírica permitiu a reflexão quanto à adequação das emissoras ao processo de convergência, indicando diferentes níveis de adaptação. A pesquisa apontou também para uma ampla valorização dos ambientes digitais pelas rádios analisadas, em especial os sites de redes sociais. Estes espaços, contudo, são empregados principalmente para a difusão de conteúdos. A interatividade com os ouvintes, compreendida a partir da noção de reciprocidade, revelou-se em segundo plano, demonstrando que apesar de inseridos no ecossistema digital, as rádios ainda não têm total domínio das novas ferramentas interativas viabilizadas pelas tecnologias de informação e comunicação.

Submitted by Clebson Anjos (clebson.leandro54@gmail.com) on 2016-03-01T18:01:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3568225 bytes, checksum: 5a160c927cafc8b12cef6cc94dc824ec (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-01T18:01:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3568225 bytes, checksum: 5a160c927cafc8b12cef6cc94dc824ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The present study analyzes the process of participatory streaming as part of the development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). Our purpose is to investigate the dynamics present within this process, taking as basis the notions of participation, post-massive functions and media convergence. We tried to find in the studies of theorists who analyze the motivations for a relationship with the media, at different times, such as McLuhan (1981), Wolton (2007), Lemos and Lévy (2010), vectors of a historical progression in media participation interest. We developed a reflection on what is intrinsic to the human being and reconfigures in the media processes, realising participation as a key concept for this analysis, in Diaz Bordenave (1994). Through the concept of massive and post-massive functions by Lemos and Lévy (2010) we seek to understand the transformations that the so-called new media provide to the of mass communication processes, analyzed by Wolf (2005). This confrontation gave us the foundation needed to start the presentation of the concept of horizontal mass media. We also hold in check the concept of media convergence, seeking a broad overview on the subject. From proposed convergence categories, we analyzed three cases of converged participation in participatory streaming: the talk show Roda Viva on the Internet, the band Arcade Fire concert on YouTube Live and a Brazilian soccer team match broadcasting in the website GloboEsporte.com. We concluded that, in the cases analyzed, we detected the formation of a horizontal mass media, established in a kind of convergence that mix media of different functions (massive and post-massive), in a collective experience that at the same time provides direct dialogue among the interactors. / A presente pesquisa analisa o processo das transmissões participativas, como parte do desenvolvimento das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TICs). Nosso objetivo é investigar as dinâmicas presentes dentro deste processo, tendo como fundamento as noções de participação, funções pós-massivas e convergência midiática. Buscamos em teóricos que analisam as motivações para uma relação com as mídias, em diferentes épocas, como McLuhan (1981), Wolton (2007), Lemos e Lévy (2010), encontrar vetores de uma progressão histórica no interesse pela participação midiática. Desenvolvemos uma reflexão sobre o que é intrínseco ao ser humano e se reconfigura nos processos midiáticos, encontrando a participação como um conceito-chave para esta análise, em Diaz Bordenave (1994). Através da conceituação de funções massivas e pós-massivas da mídia, de Lemos e Lévy (2010) buscamos entender quais transformações as chamadas novas mídias proporcionaram aos processos de comunicação de massa, analisados por Wolf (2005). Este embate nos deu a base necessária para iniciar a apresentação do conceito de mídia de massa horizontal. Detemo-nos também na verificação do conceito de convergência midiática, buscando uma visão ampla sobre o assunto. A partir de categorias de convergência propostas, analisamos três casos de participação convergente em transmissões participativas: o programa Roda Viva na Internet, o show da banda Arcade Fire no YouTube Live e a transmissão de um jogo da seleção brasileira de futebol no portal GloboEsporte.com. Concluímos que, com os casos analisados, detectou-se a formação de uma mídia de massa horizontal, estabelecida num tipo de convergência que mistura mídias de funções diferentes (massivas e pós-massivas), numa experiência coletiva e que, ao mesmo tempo, proporciona diálogos diretos entre os interatores.

Com o sistema binário e a convergência digital das mídias, dispositivos de comunicação como celulares, computadores e até mesmo aparelhos receptores de televisão deixam de desempenhar apenas a função principal para a qual foram desenvolvidos e passam a se constituir, devido à interoperabilidade de sistemas e à internet, em meios para os quais confluem serviços e linguagens. Se olharmos especialmente para a televisão, notaremos imediatamente que a forma de vê-la ganha novos moldes. O aparelho separa-se do conteúdo. O sinal da TV deixa seu corpo físico e passa a navegar pelo horizonte binário. Ela fica, assim, emancipada do seu corpo material - o aparelho televisor -, e pode ser acompanhada em outras plataformas e dispositivos, aumentando, desse modo, a sua difusão e as possibilidades de canal de retorno para emissores e receptores. Esta pesquisa acompanha o cenário de implantação da TV digital no Brasil e no mundo e reflete acerca das influências e transformações trazidas ao cotidiano da sociedade e aos espaços públicos pelo sistema digital e pela internet. A tese foi estruturada em cinco capítulos, que perpassam diferentes aspectos relacionados à televisão: a sua história e cronologia, os princípios tecnológicos que regem o seu funcionamento, as linguagens que a caracterizam, a sua colocação no cenário convergente e a sua influência no cotidiano das pessoas. No trabalho, trago o resultado de um estudo de caso realizado no ano de 2014, durante um Estágio de Pesquisa no Exterior na Universidade Sapienza de Roma e uma visita técnica às universidades de Brighton e Portsmouth. Essa etapa da pesquisa permitiu-me conhecer in loco o panorama atual desses países, dois anos após a conclusão do switch off, analisar a relação dos italianos e ingleses com a mídia televisiva e com as outras mídias de comunicação digital e a relação/abertura das suas emissoras televisivas para com as novas modalidades de transmissão de conteúdos nas plataformas digitais. Para isso, além buscar fontes bibliográficas, entrevistei pesquisadores e profissionais da área de radiodifusão e telecomunicações que participaram diretamente do processo de transição analógico-digital da TV. Na tese, também faço o relato de uma pesquisa de campo realizada na zona leste de São Paulo, desenvolvida em conjunto com educadores e educandos do Intermídia Cidadã, um coletivo pertencente ao Núcleo de Comunicação Comunitária da Fundação Tide Setubal. A experiência, realizada com base na Produção Partilhada do Conhecimento, serviu para divulgar a chegada da televisão digital e do apagão analógico, refletir sobre os conteúdos da TV aberta brasileira e observar as possibilidades trazidas pela TV digital para o exercício da comunicação comunitária. A pesquisa, de cunho qualitativo e quantitativo, empregou os métodos de procedimento experimental e comparativo e levantou dados através de questionário, entrevistas em áudio e vídeo, oficinas, debates e consultas bibliográficas. Dentre os autores citados, posso destacar: Mikhail Bakhtin, Lúcia Santaella, Sérgio Bairon, Arlindo Machado, Jesús Martín-Barbero, Gérman Rey, Nicholas Negroponte, Arlindo Machado, Eugênio Bucci, Manuel Castells, Clay Shriky, Henry Jenkins, Alberto Marinelli, Néstor García Canclini, Almir Almas, Jay David Bolter, Richard Grusin, Walter Benjamin, Rafael Ruiz e Márcia Tiburi. / With the emergence of the binary system and the convergence of digital media, communication devices such as cellular phones, computers and even television receivers have now taken on more than just the main functions for which each was developed. They are now part of, due to the interoperability between systems and the Internet, systems of which services and languages are now integrated to as well. If one was to focus entirely on television, it can be observed that television watching has now received new forms. The device itself is separate from the content. The TV signal moves away from its physical form and begins to navigate on the binary field. Thus, it is emancipated of its material form - the television device - and can now be seen on other platforms and devices, hence raising the signal\'s distribution and the possibilities of return channels to transmitters and receivers. This research has closely followed the digital television implementation scenario in Brazil and in the world, and observes the influences and transformations in introduced to society\'s daily routine and to the public arena by the digital system and the Internet. The thesis is structured in five parts that run through the different aspects related to television: its timeline and history, the technological principles that command its operation, the languages that distinguish it, its placement in the converging scenario, and is influence in society\'s daily routine. This project presents the result of a case study performed in 2014, during my Research Internship at the University of Sapienza, in Rome. It also includes data gathered during technical visits to the universities in Brighton and Portsmouth. This stage of the research allowed me to observe the current panorama of these countries in loco, two years after the switch off. It also gave me the opportunity to analyze the relationship of the Italians and the English with television media, as well as with other digital communications media and the relationship/opening of the television transmitters of each country to new transmission modalities of content on digital platforms. In order to perform this leg of the research, in addition to searching in bibliographical sources, I interviewed researchers and professionals of the radio broadcasting and telecommunications fields, who had directly participated in the analogue-digital TV transition process. In this thesis, I also present a report of a field study done in the East Side of São Paulo city. This study was developed with the help of educators and pupils of Intermídia Cidadã, a collaboration that belongs to the Community Communication Nucleus of the Tide Setubal Foundation. The experience, based on the Shared Production of Information, was helpful to showcase the arrival of digital television and the analogue blackout. It was also useful to consider the content of public TV in Brazil and to analyze the possibilities now available through digital TV for community communication. This research, of qualitative and quantitative intent, applied comparative and experimental methods and collected data through surveys, audio and video interviews, workshops, debates and bibliographic research. Among the authors mentioned, I would like to make special reference to the following: Mikhail Bakhtin, Lúcia Santaella, Sérgio Bairon, Arlindo Machado, Jesús Martín-Barbero, Gérman Rey, Nicholas Negroponte, Arlindo Machado, Eugênio Bucci, Manuel Castells, Clay Shriky, Henry Jenkins, Alberto Marinelli, Néstor García Canclini, Almir Almas, Jay David Bolter, Richard Grusin, Walter Benjamin, Rafael Ruiz and Márcia Tiburi.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research theme is organizational communication in the context of digital media convergence and is bounded to the study of the media convergence as a strategic resource organizational communication undertaken by Petrobras in the ambience of the internet. The research problem holds on the assumption that the contemporary scene of Information Technologies and Communication Technologies enables other forms of sociability, different spaces of forms of relationship and interaction between organizations and their audiences. In view of this phenomenon, the types of communication flows are reconfigured, so now we must take into account the possibilities of interaction for different ambiences media empowered to conduct the mapping and analysis of appropriations and communicative practices (BARICHELLO, 2009). The problem can be expressed through the following question: How does digital media convergence is presented as a communication strategy by Petrobras in the ambience of the internet? The overall goal is to understand how a digital media convergence is presented as a strategic resource for communication by Petrobras in the ambience of the internet. Specific objectives relate to: map the communication strategies undertaken by Petrobras in multimedia in the period from January to April 2012; investigate the potentiation of the approach of content in digital multimedia, media convergence and analyze the second articulation of communication strategies undertaken by Petrobras in the ambiance of internet multimedia. The methodology is mixed, a triangulation of methods and techniques in order to study and understand the articulation of strategies for multimedia communication Petrobras institutional. It was decided, in light of the objectives to be answered and the research problem, the case study method (Yin, 2005). As research techniques were used: the content analysis adapted from Bardin (1977), covert and non-participatory observation (JOHNSON, 2010) and the asynchronous semi-structured online interview (JOHNSON, 2010). It was noted that the redirection of content by providing pointers (links) was present in 48.83 studied units, the creation of specific content for a particular media corresponding to 43.25; the adaptation of content with different approach to other digital media was detected in 7.90 of units of study; while the ability to transpose the content of digital media to another was not detected in any of the units tested. It was noted also that the blog Fatos e Dados has a central function in the process of communication which Petrobras establishes with the society and in the circulation of information between digital media studied. / Esta pesquisa tem como tema a comunicação organizacional no contexto de convergência midiática e está delimitada ao estudo desta como recurso estratégico de comunicação organizacional empreendida pela Petrobras na ambiência digital. O problema de pesquisa ampara-se no pressuposto de que o cenário contemporâneo das Tecnologias da Informação e da Comunicação (TICs) viabiliza outras formas de sociabilidade, diferentes espaços de relacionamento e formas de interação entre as organizações e seus públicos. Em face desse fenômeno, as tipologias de fluxos comunicacionais são reconfiguradas e, portanto, atualmente é preciso levar em consideração as possibilidades de interação propiciadas pelas diferentes ambiências midiáticas para proceder ao mapeamento e à análise de apropriações e práticas comunicacionais (BARICHELLO, 2009). A problemática pode ser expressa por meio da seguinte questão: De que forma a convergência midiática se apresenta como estratégia de comunicação pela Petrobras na ambiência digital? O objetivo geral é compreender de que forma a convergência midiática digital se apresenta como recurso estratégico de comunicação pela Petrobras na ambiência digital. Os objetivos específicos referem-se a: mapear algumas das estratégias de comunicação empreendidas pela Petrobras em multimídias no período de janeiro a abril de 2012; investigar a abordagem de conteúdos em multimídias digitais; e analisar a convergência midiática segundo a articulação de estratégias de comunicação empreendida pela Petrobras em multimídias na ambiência da internet. A metodologia é mista, uma triangulação de métodos e técnicas, a fim de se estudar e compreender a articulação das estratégias de comunicação da Petrobras em multimídias institucionais. Decidiu-se, em face dos objetivos a serem respondidos e do problema de pesquisa, pelo método do Estudo de Caso (YIN, 2005). Como técnicas de pesquisa foram utilizadas: a análise de conteúdo adaptada de Bardin (1977), a observação encoberta e não participativa (JOHNSON, 2010) e a entrevista online assíncrona semiestruturada (JOHNSON, 2010). Constatou-se que o redirecionamento de conteúdo por meio da disponibilização de apontadores (links) esteve presente em 48,83% das unidades estudadas; a criação de conteúdo específico para uma determinada mídia correspondeu a 43,25%; a adaptação de conteúdo com abordagem diferente para outra mídia digital foi detectado em 7,90% das unidades estudadas; enquanto a possibilidade de transpor o conteúdo de uma mídia digital para outra não foi detectada em nenhuma das unidades analisadas. Constatou-se também que o blog Fatos e Dados possui função central no processo de comunicação que a Petrobras estabelece com a sociedade e na circulação de informações entre as mídias digitais estudadas.

Framtidens nyhetsförmedling är en kvalitativ studie om dagens situation och framtiden för den tryckta nyhetspapperstidningen. Materialet i studien bygger på intervjuer och en innehållsanalys av Medieutredningen. De frågor som den här undersökningen besvarar är hur framtiden ser ut för den tryckta papperstidningen och vilka som kommer att skriva våra nyheter. I dag är situationen utmanande för de mediekoncerner som har tryckta papperstidningar. Den tryckta nyhetstidningens prenumeranter är främst i åldern 45-79 år. De yngre generationernas nyhetskonsumtion sker främst via internet och sociala medier. Den här studiens informanter anser att papperstidningens framtid är dyster. Det är svårt att göra produkten attraktiv när priset stiger för varje år och levnadsvanorna förändras. Mediekoncernerna arbetar just nu med en digital omställning. Samtidigt är det en hög efterfrågan på kvalitativ journalistik. I tider där vem som helst har möjlighet att utöva journalistiskt arbete vill läsarna kunna lita på att de får kvalitativ journalistik. Genom att erbjuda det till bra priser och flexibla prenumerationer, både i papper och digitala alternativ, tror informanterna att läsarna vill prenumerera på nyheter även i framtiden. / The news agency of the future is a qualitative study of the current situation and future of the printed newspaper. The material in the study is based on interviews and a content analysis of Sweden’s Media investigation. The questions that this study answers is how the future looks like the printed newspaper and who will write our news. Today, the situation is challenging for the media groups that have printed papers. The printed newspapers subscribers are mainly aged 45-79 years. The informants of this study consider the paper magazine's future to be pessimistic. It is difficult to make the product attractive when the price rises for each year and the living habits change. Media groups are currently working on digital transformation. At the same time, there is a high demand for qualitative journalism. In times when anyone has the opportunity to practice journalistic work, readers want to be able to trust qualitative journalism. By offering it at great prices and flexible subscriptions, both in paper and digital options, the informants believe readers want to subscribe to news even in the future.

The intent of this paper is to examine the conditions for Swedish filmmakers with the short film format as final goal. Through a qualitative study we investigate what paths there are for distributing short films through the digital platforms available today. We do this by interviewing some of the most experienced and successful short film creators in Sweden and one of Sweden's main financier in film creation, to provide as just image of the branch as we can. Short films with financing from the state and regional financiers rarely has any focus on economic gain. They are rather intended to help form filmmakers and give them an opportunity to establish themselves prior to further filmmaking. The main digital platform in Sweden is SVT Play, witch is much based on the fact that SVT is part of sponsoring a big part of the government financed short films. The greatest problem we found is the availability for short films through digital platforms, since SVT Play most often has exclusive rights and only buy viewing rights during periods. When you want to distribute your short film, the most important aspect is the context, the film should not only appeal the audience it reaches but it also has to appeal the audience in the situation where it reaches them. / Vi undersöker förutsättningarna för filmskapare i Sverige med kortfilmsformatet som slutmål. I form av en kvalitativ studie tar vi reda på vilka vägar det finns för att distribuera sina kortfilmer med hjälp av dagens digitala plattformar och hur dessa nyttjas. Detta görs genom att intervjua några av Sveriges mest erfarna och framgångsrika kortfilmsskapare och en av Sveriges största finansiärer av filmskapande för att skapa en så korrekt bild av branschen som möjligt. Det kompletteras med en kvantitativ enkätundersökning ämnad att skapa en generell bild av svenskars konsumtion av statligt och regionalt finansierad kortfilm. Kortfilmer med statligt och regionalt stöd har sällan något fokus på ekonomisk vinning. De är snarare ämnade att forma filmskapare och ge dem en möjlighet att grunda inför fortsatt filmskapande. Den huvudsakliga digitala plattformen är SVT Play, på grund av att SVT är med och sponsrar en stor del av de statligt och regionalt finansierade kortfilmerna. Det största problemet vi funnit är tillgängligheten för kortfilmer på digitala plattformar, då SVT Play oftast har exklusiva rättigheter och bara har visningsrättigheter periodvis. Då man vill sprida sin kortfilm handlar det främst om kontexten, att filmen inte bara ska tilltala publiken den når utan också tilltala publiken i den situation publiken är i då den når den.

This diploma thesis deals with the phenomenon of Internet memes. The theory of memes came from the evolutionary biologist R. Dawkins in the late 1970s, as a cultural analogy of genes. Decades later, the term "meme" began to appear in Internet culture in conjuction with Internet jokes. This thesis works with the concepts of meme, virality, spreadable media and media convegence. All of these terms define the current Internet environment. The diploma thesis is based mainly on books by L. Shifman: Memes in Digital Culture, H. Jenkins: Convergence Culture: Where Old and New Media Collide and Spreadable Media: Creating Value and Meaning in a Networked Culture (co-authored) and K. Nahon and J. Hemsley: Going Viral. This diploma thesis deals with the definition of the term meme and its differentiation from the term virality, because for the average Internet user, these two terms are synonymous. The thesis describes meme genres, phases of the creation of Internet memes, which arise mainly from spreadble media and on the basis of which principles are memes created and what factors contribute to their spread in cyberspace. The analytical part consists of a contextual analysis of selected Internet memes, which demonstrates how digital manipulation changes the context of memes in which the meme can be used and how this...

With the beginning of the Internet era a lot of the traditional media characteristics along with the classic media theories changed. The foundations of this diploma thesis are built on the question whether the traditional media and the new media are constructing different media images. The topic is further analyzed in the chapters about the construction of reality, media convergence, agenda-setting theory or social network. The analytical parts studied the main sources - television and social network - on the example of the Czech presidential election in 2018. After the data were gathered there were stated thirteen topic clusters and each unit of the collected data was categorized into those. There was also categorization on sources and the amount of representation of every candidate. After analyzing these data a comparison was made and after that a conclusion whether there are any differences between traditional and new media.

This master's thesis deals with the topic of emotionality of the Game of Thrones fandom in the era of convergence culture. Game of Thrones, which had been on air since 2011 to 2019, became a hit show which gained millions of supporters and each new season was highly anticipated among public. During the course of all eight seasons, the show caused numerous heated controversies. Final season left both viewers and critics torn. This master's thesis is therefore interested in detecting and describing emotions of the Game of Thrones fan community during the time that the final season had been on air. Apart from emotionality, emphasis is also put on the characteristics of the show and its fandom. Reasearch was carried out online via the method of participant observation in six comments sections on the fan website Watchers on the Wall.com. Insomuch as fandom is connected to convergence culture, media convergence and audience participation, these topics are also covered. The term fandom is defined and the difference between audience and fandom is described. Last but not least, terms such as collective intelligence and knowledge community, which are also associated with fandom, are defined as well. All findings and the answers to research questions are then presented in the summary.

Social media has become a natural part of modern society and consumers expect to be able to tailor their online experience, their interaction with other consumers and their media intake. With the rise of digital social platforms, traditional media companies are facing a new media landscape in which they can no longer maintain traditional distribution methods but instead must rely on external actors. Through a qualitative method based on semi-structured interviews, document analysis and participatory observations, this study examines the given situation and how traditional media companies can leverage opportunities and challenges of digital social platforms whose development they have limited control over. The study suggests that the challenges of digital social platforms cannot be eliminated due to the differentiating goals between traditional media companies and social media actors, however, with the implementation of sensitizing concepts, they can be minimized. Thus, resulting in an applicable leveraging process which can be used regardless of the current media landscape.