Ho kairos sunestalmenos estin, « le temps est écourté », écrit saint Paul à la communauté de Corinthe. La proclamation chrétienne plonge en effet le croyant dans une temporalité abrégée, pressée, contractée, comprise entre la Résurrection et la Parousie. La fin des temps est donc à la fois existentiellement imminente (« le Jour est tout proche ») et chronologiquement indéterminée (« le Jour du Seigneur vient comme un voleur dans la nuit »). Frappée par la surrection brutale d'une telle de crise dans la fluence chronologique, l'existence ne peut qu'en être sidérée. Cependant, malgré la pénurie d'avenir, le temps n'en continue pas moins d'affluer, et de l'angoisse (thlipsis) suscitée doit rejaillir une retemporalisation du temps lui-même. Explorer la temporalité à partir de l'imminence et de l'indétermination de la fin, expliciter le phénomène du temps à partir l'inquiétude eschatologique : telle est la tâche principale de ce travail. Kairos est le nom d'une telle tension existentielle chez Paul, dont les épîtres fournissent un riche matériau philosophique. Martin Heidegger a proposé en 1920 une approche phénoménologique du temps à partir de la situation d'urgence décrite dans l'épistolaire paulinien (Phénoménologie de la vie religieuse). Il était nécessaire d'en développer les prémices. Nous montrons d'abord, par une approche historique, que la conception paulinienne du kairos n'est réductible ni à l'épistémè grecque ni au « cosmos culturel » juif. Nous montrons également, par une herméneutique existentielle, que la tension du kairos (où se mêlent présence et attente) se résout dialectiquement dans une forme inédite de liberté. Nous détaillons enfin, puisqu'un certain savoir est toujours afférant à une situation temporelle critique, les nouveautés anthropologiques (renouvellement de la compréhension de l'homme), sociales (renouvellement de la signification de la communauté) et politiques (renouvellement du rapport au politique) dont l'expérience chrétienne primitive est féconde. / Ho kairos sunestalmenos estin, "time is shortened", wrote saint Paul to the community of Corinth. The christian proclamation actually takes the believer into an abriged, squeezed, condensed temporality bound by the Resurrection and the Parousia. The end of time is therefore both existentially imminent ("the Day is near") and chronologically undefined ("the Day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night"). Struck by the sudden uplifting of such a crisis in the chronological flow, the existence is necessarily stunned. However, despite the lack of future, time is still flowing and generates anxiety (thlipsis) from which must spring out a temporal delimitation of time itself. The exploration of temporality from the imminence and the indeterminacy of the end and the explication of the time phenomenon using the eschatological anxiety are the objects of this work. For Paul, whose epistles constitute a rich philosophical material, that existential tension is referred to as Kairos. Martin Heidegger, in 1920, proposed a phenomenological approach of time based on the situation of urgency described in the Pauline epistolary (Phenomenology of Religious Life). It was necessary to develop those first signs. First, by means of an historical approach, we point out that the pauline conception of Kairos can neither be reduced to the Greek espitémè nor to the Jewish "cultural cosmos". Using existential hermeneutics, we also show that the tension of the kairos (where presence and wait mingle) is dialectically resolved by an unprecedented freedom. Finally, since a certain knowledge is always pertaining to a critical temporal situation, we detail the anthropological (understanding of man renewed), social (significance of the community renewed) and political (relation to politics renewed) innovations of which the primitive christian experience is full of.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-11-09T10:57:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tadeu Ulisses Barros Leite.pdf: 5272813 bytes, checksum: 0fbdae96b6d1d29d0f02ec4e398bd06a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-09T10:57:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tadeu Ulisses Barros Leite.pdf: 5272813 bytes, checksum: 0fbdae96b6d1d29d0f02ec4e398bd06a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo / This research aims to reflect on the connection between religion and art on the philosophical and practical basis of the World Messianic Church of Brazil (IMMB), according to Mokichi Okada, and to analyze the influence of the Ikebana Sanguetsu Art on the spirituality of members and non-members of this institution. It was used on this research the bibliographical review methodology and the application of two questionnaires of interview with the subjects: (1) Underwood`s Spiritual Everyday life Modified Experience Scale and (2) Questionnaire about the practice and appreciation of the Ikebana Sanguetsu Art. The questionnaires were applied to 76 people, 57 members and 19 non-members of the institution, randomly raffled from the IMMB register, including São Paulo state region. First it was asked to the participants to read and sign an authorization (Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido). The participants who declared not to know the Ikebana Sanguetsu Art were excluded from the study. The data was analyzed in two phases: the first was quantitative and it was used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences – SPSS; the second was qualitative / A pesquisa tem como objetivo refletir sobre a relação entre religião e arte dentro da base filosófica e prática da Igreja Messiânica Mundial do Brasil - IMMB, sob a visão de Mokiti Okada, analisando a influência da arte Ikebana Sanguetsu na espiritualidade dos membros e frequentadores dessa instituição. Utilizamos nesta pesquisa a metodologia de revisão bibliográfica e a aplicação de dois questionários de entrevistas com os sujeitos: (1) Escala sobre a Experiência Espiritual Cotidiana Modificada de Underwood e (2) Questionário sobre A Prática e Apreciação da Arte Ikebana Sanguetsu. Os questionários foram aplicados a 76 pessoas, sorteadas aleatoriamente, a partir dos cadastrados da Igreja Messiânica Mundial do Brasil - IMMB, na região da Grande São Paulo, sendo 57 membros e 19 frequentadores da instituição. Para a realização da pesquisa, inicialmente solicitamos aos participantes que lessem e assinassem o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. Os indivíduos que declararam não conhecer a Arte Ikebana Sanguetsu foram excluídos do estudo. A análise dos dados obtidos foi realizada a partir de dois momentos distintos, sendo a primeira análise com enfoque quantitativo, onde utilizamos o recurso Statistical Package for Social Sciences – SPSS – e a segunda análise com enfoque qualitativo

In this thesis I consider the messianic forerunner concept within "Q" (which I take to be a source used by all three of the synoptic authors). I argue that at least five units in Q (3:2-3+7-9+16b-17; 3:21-22; 7:18-20+22-23; 7:24-27; 7:28) envisage John as a messianic forerunner to the Messiah Jesus. The messianic forerunner concept is therefore quite pervasive in Q and cannot be said to have originated with the evangelist Mark, as is sometimes supposed. Q attempts to deal with the historical fact that Jesus had not fulfilled Israel's messianic expectations. It did this by portraying Jesus as a rejected Messiah whose redemptive mission had been thwarted by Israel's unbelief. Jesus will ultimately redeem Israel but this will take place at his second coming and that cannot take place until Israel repents. I consider whether Q's redactor(s) utilised any earlier sources. I find this not to have been the case in Q's Prologue (3:2-3+7-9+16b-17) or in Jesus' Baptism by John (3:21-22). Earlier source material can, however, be detected in 7:18-19+22-23; 7:24-27; and 7:28. I consider whether any of this latter material derives from a rival "Baptist" source and conclude that it does not. The question of whether the messianic forerunner concept had its origins in Judaism prior to Jesus and his new movement can therefore not be established by any of the Q units examined in this thesis. What can be established, however, is that the concept goes back to some of the earliest traditions of Jesus' followers.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:19:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Roberto de Jesus.pdf: 990691 bytes, checksum: 45c590bc6782917477256fbccbf6764a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The book of the prophet Dêutero-Isaiah approaches that Javé comes to console its people exiled in Babylonia. Foreign king Cyrus, in the text of Is 45,1-7 is intitled of Messiahs de Javé. Therefore, this research has as objective to reflect on the messianic heading attribution to king Cyrus, in the context of the Babylonian exile. For this, I analyze some contributions of diverse authors and authors of the Biblical area, exploring the diversity of analyses on this subject. It has many interpretations on the meaning of the messianic heading attributed to the king Cyrus, between them, it has who defines Cyrus as the Messiahs de Javé, that is, Cyrus as liberating of the exiled ones and not as the substitute of the messianic hope in a Messiahs proceeding from the house of David. In this work, I still argue has messianic hope, manifest in the exilic period and after-exilic, detaching the faith that the messianic communities exerted in these periods. At last, I analyze the messianic of the neo-testamentary communities after-macabaicas and in the attempt discovering if Cyrus was one messianic figure, in these periods. / O livro do profeta Dêutero-Isaías aborda que Javé vem consolar seu povo exilado na Babilônia. O rei estrangeiro Ciro, no texto de Is 45,1-7 é intitulado de Messias de Javé. Portanto, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo refletir sobre o título messiânico atribuído ao rei Ciro, no contexto do exílio babilônico. Para isto, analiso algumas contribuições de diversos autores e autoras da área bíblica, explorando a diversidade de pesquisas sobre este tema. Há muitas interpretações sobre o significado do título messiânico atribuído ao rei Ciro, entre elas, há quem define Ciro como o Messias de Javé, ou seja, Ciro como libertador dos exilados e não como o substituto da esperança messiânica em um Messias proveniente da casa de Davi. Neste trabalho, discuto ainda a esperança messiânica, manifesta no período exílico e pós-exílico, destacando a fé que as comunidades messiânicas exerciam nestes períodos. Enfim, analiso o messianismo das comunidades pós-macabaicas e neo-testamentárias na tentativa de descobrir se Ciro era uma figura messiânica, nestes períodos.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:20:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edson Martins1.pdf: 3088305 bytes, checksum: b90a934fe301b6d9b070dd9e59138385 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-20 / This thesis is a sociological analysis of the main motivations that made men and women let go of everything they were doing up to a certain moment and follow a messianic leader known as Inri Cristo, who claims to be the reincarnation of Jesus Christ. It shows, at first, a brief historical account of the three most important and thoroughly documented Brazilian messianic movements: Canudos, Juazeiro and Contestado, so as to understand the context in which such movements were brought up. This account enables the making of comparisons between these three movements and the Inri Cristo one. The research presents and analyses the appearance of the messiah, the content of his message, and the structure of his church, localized in a popular district of Curitiba. After that, there will be an analysis of the data about his disciples, which was gathered in a field research. This analysis will make it possible to understand who they are, their everyday living within the community, the way they absorb the official discourses and how they pass them on, and, most important, which the main motivations are that made them follow the messianic leader. There is also a comparative analysis between the disciples of Inri Cristo and the followers of the movements mentioned above, so as to establish convergent and divergent aspects between them. Finally, there is a presentation of the innovations brought by this messianic movement and its contributions for the study of Brazilian messianic movements. / A presente tese é uma análise sociológica das principais motivações que levam homens e mulheres a abandonarem tudo o que estavam fazendo até então, para seguir um líder messiânico denominado de Inri Cristo, que proclama ser a reencarnação de Jesus Cristo. Ela apresenta um breve histórico dos três principais e mais documentados movimentos messiânicos brasileiros que são os de Canudos, Juazeiro e Contestado, permitindo entender o contexto em que surgiram tais movimentos, estabelecendo uma base de contato para as comparações entre eles e o movimento do Inri Cristo. A pesquisa apresenta e analisa o surgimento do messias, o conteúdo de sua mensagem e a estrutura da sua igreja, localizada em um bairro popular da cidade de Curitiba. A seguir, são analisados os dados colhidos sobre os seus discípulos através da pesquisa de campo, objetivando descobrir quem são eles, como é o cotidiano dentro do movimento, de que maneira é feita a assimilação dos discursos oficiais e como se dá a sua retransmissão, e principalmente, quais são as principais motivações que os levam a seguir o líder messiânico. Também é feita uma análise comparativa entre os discípulos do Inri Cristo e os adeptos dos movimentos já citados, procurando pontos convergentes e divergentes entre eles. Por fim, são apresentadas as inovações que o referido movimento messiânico apresenta e quais são as suas contribuições para o estudo dos messianismos brasileiros.

AFRIKAANS:By die interpretasie van tekste moet die historiese en kultiese Sitze im Leben waarbinne hierdie tekste ontstaan en oorgelewer is in ag geneem word. Ou-Testamentiese tekste het elkeen ’n selfstandige betekenis wat nie van ander tekste afhanklik is om betekenis te kry nie. Hiervolgens handel die sogenaamde Koningspsalms (ook genoem messiaanse psalms) soos Psalm 45 en Psalm 110 inhoudelik oor ‘n Judese koning. Elke Dawidiese koning het as seun van God oor die volk Israel regeer. Hy was die verteenwoordiger van God se regering. Sy taak was om reg en geregtigheid te handhaaf. Elke koning was ‘n tipe verlossersfiguur. Deur die koning en die oorloë wat hy gevoer het, het Jahwe verlossing van hulle vyande, aan sy volk geskenk. As teken van sy gesag en sy besondere taak wat die koning van Jahwe ontvang het, is die Dawidiese koning met olie gesalf. Dit het van hom God se messias gemaak. In ooreenstemming met hulle Jebusitiese voorgangers was elke Dawidiese koning ‘n priester net soos Melgisedek, die koning van Salem. In hierdie Dawidiese dinastie van messiaanse priester-konings, was Israel se hoop gesetel. Die Ou Testament gee ‘n unieke betekenis aan die begrip messias. Hiervolgens is die sentrale figuur in Psalm 45 en 110 die aardse koning van Juda wat optree as Jahwe se messias. Met die Babiloniese ballingskap is die Dawidiese messias-dinastie verbreek. Nou is die messias-begrip na die toekoms geprojekteer sodat die verwagting van ‘n komende messias begin ontwikkel het. Die unieke betekenis wat die Ou Testament aan die messias-begrip gee, is op sy beurt deur die Nuwe Testament geherinterpreteer sodat dit op Jesus Christus dui. Daarom dat die Hebreërskrywer Psalms 45 en 110 herinterpreteer met betrekking tot Jesus Christus. Die Nuwe Testament is dus nie ’n sleutel tot die verstaan van Ou-Testamentiese tekste nie. ENGLISH: When texts are being interpreted, it is necessary to do so within their historic and cultic Sitze im Leben where they have originated and have been transmitted. Old Testament texts have their own unique meanings. Therefore it is not necessary to use other texts to give meaning to a specific text. According to this, the royal psalms such as Psalm 45 and Psalm 110 have a Judean king as its contents. The royal psalms are also messianic psalms. Every Davidic king ruled over his people as the son of God. He was the representative of God’s rule. His task was to uphold justice and righteousness. Every king was a type of redeemer. To his people God gave redemption from their enemies by the king and the holy wars he waged. As a sign of his authority and the fact that God chose him for a specific task, every Davidic king was anointed with oil. This made him the messiah of God. In co-ordinance with his Jebusite predecessors, every Davidic king also was a priest just as Melchizedek, the king of Salem, was. Upon this Davidic dynasty of messianic priest-kings, Israel’s hope as a nation rested. The Old Testament gives a unique significance to the concept of messiah. In this significancent context the central figure in Psalms 45 and 110 is the earthly king of Judea. As king, he is the messiah of Jahwe. With the Babylonian exile, the Davidic messiah-dynasty was ended. Now the concept of the messiah was futurised in such a way that the anticipation of a coming messiah was developed. In its turn the New Testament reinterprets the unique significance that the Old Testament gives to the concept of messiah as being fulfilled in Jesus Christ. This is why the writer of Hebrews reinterprets Psalm 45 and 110 as being fulfilled in Jesus Christ. The New Testament is therefore not the key to the interpretation of the Old Testament. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Old Testament Studies / unrestricted

Cette thèse traite de l’utilisation des symboles traditionnels dans la vie politique indonésienne. Nous nous sommes intéressés à l’exploitation de ces symboles dans la manière de présenter les discours politiques au sein de la communauté. Notre travail de recherche durant la période des élections de 2014 montre que le sujet de la légitimité est présent au cœur des discours électoraux. L’incorporation et l’utilisation des symboles traditionnels au sein des discours sont efficaces pour attirer l’attention du peuple et pour obtenir un soutien électoral. Les partis politiques, les hommes politiques et la Commission électorale à l’échelle locale exploitent ces symboles et les personnages mythologiques pour faire passer leurs messages aux citoyens. La plupart de politiciens prennent délibérément l’image de ces figures mythologiques pour servir leurs propres intérêts. Les hommes politiques profitent du réseau de parenté pour créer une légitimité culturelle en tant que leaders choisis pour la communauté. Ils essayent de retracer leurs liens généalogiques avec les grands personnages de l’histoire en les arborant ainsi dans leurs discours électoraux à travers les médias. Cette exploitation est authentifiée par la croyance populaire selon laquelle seuls les individus de grandes familles (balung gedhé) issues de la royauté peuvent devenir leurs leaders. Certaines des pratiques culturelles sont aussi organisées dans des lieux sacrés par les politiciens pour asseoir leur légitimité au sein de la communauté locale et à travers lesquels les citoyens reconnaissent leur supériorité. Ces manières dont les hommes politiques produisent leurs discours sont vivaces à l’intérieur de la communauté qui est toujours en attente de la présence d’une personne ayant la qualité d’une figure messianique qui va apporter la prospérité à la communauté. / This thesis deals with the use of traditional symbols in Indonesian politics. We have been interested in using these symbols in the presentation of political discourse in the community. Our field research during the general elections of 2014 shows that the subject of legitimacy is present at the heart of the electoral discourse. Politicians exploit the kinship network to create cultural legitimacy as chosen leaders for the community. They try to trace their genealogical ties with the great personality of the nation by supporting them in their electoral discourse through the media. This exploitation is authenticated by the popular belief that only individuals of great families (balung gedhé) from royalty can become their leaders. Some of the cultural practices are organized by politicians in sacred places to establish their legitimacy within the local community and through which people recognize their superiority. The incorporation and the use of traditional symbols in discourses are effective in attracting the attention of the people and in gaining electoral support. Political parties, politicians and the Election Commission at the local level employ these symbols and mythological characters to transmit their messages to citizens. Most politicians deliberately take the image of these mythological figures to serve their own interests. These ways in which politicians produce their discourses are persistent within the community which is always waiting for the presence of a person with the quality of a Messianic figure that will bring prosperity to the people.

This thesis deals with some aspects of the religiosity of the members of the Czech community, who claim to be a part of a Messianic Judaism movement. The text is based on the field research I did within the congregation. In the introduction, I attempt to present definitions of this type of religiosity, describe the historical development of the movement, make connection to evangelical religiosity, outline its basic pillars, clarify the role of non-Jewish believers in this movement, and ultimately outline possible forms of worship. Next, I describe my journey into the field, the development of my relationships with the informers and then I evaluate my insider-outsider position in the community. In the practical part of the thesis, I try to reveal the path of individual church members to this type of religiosity, relying on Kaell's concept of "born-again seeking". Based on testimonies from individual believers, I try to uncover why the congregation does not accept more elements of Pentecostal religiosity, as can be seen in many Messianic communities, especially in the United States and England. On the contrary, the church's aims seem to be a counterweight to emotional Pentecostal religiosity. On the phenomena of the celebration of Jewish holidays, the observance of the Sabbath, the relations to the...

This thesis examines the use and function of a specific group of Psalms, the so-called “Royal Psalms,” among the texts of the Qumran library. From the time of their integration into the worship practices of the Israelite people in the obscure past to the Second Temple period and beyond, these Psalms continued to be a source of inspiration to the Jewish people. Though there have been many studies that have analyzed their Sitz im Leben, use, interpretation, and application for many different periods, no study has attempted a thorough analysis of their use among the Qumran documents. Analyses of the use in the Qumran texts of certain individual Royal Psalms exist, but these do not attempt to cover the Royal Psalms as a corpus. The present thesis will analyze the appearance in the Qumran library of the eleven generally-accepted Royal Psalms: Pss 2, 18, 20, 21, 45, 72, 89, 101, 110, 132, and 144. This study explores whether or not these Psalms are to be found in the known Qumran Psalms scrolls, variations or differences as compared to the Masoretic Text, how they are were interpreted in exegetical and other texts, quotations of and allusions to them, and how themes from the Royal Psalms contribute to the structure and theology of non-canonical royal psalms found at Qumran. An understanding of the use of the biblical Royal Psalms in these texts is of value for our comprehension of what happened to the pre-exilic royal traditions as these hymns continued to be used in a post-monarchic society. This dissertation makes an original contribution toward these goals, establishing that there was an interest on the part of the authors of many of the Qumran texts in royal themes although they lived long after the monarchy had ended.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:48:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Heloisa ModoloCR2006.pdf: 1453424 bytes, checksum: 3db3ef928fa493d3a93f999f6dd15c58 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-08-17 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / The objective of this project was to study religious deliriums and investigate how they could exert a structural psychic function to the individual and collective psyche. With the theoretical fundaments of the Analytical Psychology by Carl Gustav Jung, the religious movement known as Mucker is brought back into consideration. This was a curious episode, considered to be the only non-Pentecostal, protestant, milleniumistic messianic surge in Brazil, which happened in a very defined ethnic group, German immigrants. Furthermore, it was led by a woman, Jacobina Mentz Maurer. This historical fact occurred between 1873-1874, in the German colony of São Leopoldo, currently the city of Sapiranga, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, and it ended tragically with the death of almost all of its members by the Imperial Army Battalion. We find indicators that Jacobina's religious deliriums allowed her and the Mucker group to form a method of psychic structuring in the midst of social, cultural and religious chaos, in which those colonial immigrants lived. / Este projeto teve como objetivo estudar os delírios religiosos e investigar como poderiam exercer uma função psíquica estruturante, tanto para a psique individual, quanto para a coletiva. De posse dos fundamentos teóricos da Psicologia Analítica de Carl Gustav Jung, realizamos a releitura de um movimento religioso conhecido como Mucker. Esse foi um curioso episódio considerado como o único surto messiânico-milenarista protestante não pentecostal no Brasil e aconteceu num grupo étnico bem definido, isto é, de imigrantes alemães. Além disso, foi liderado por uma mulher, Jacobina Mentz Maurer. Este fato histórico ocorreu entre 1873-1874, no Rio Grande do Sul, na Colônia Alemã de São Leopoldo, na atual cidade de Sapiranga, e teve final trágico, pois quase todos os seus participantes foram mortos pelo Batalhão do Exército Imperial. Encontramos indicadores de que os delírios religiosos de Jacobina possibilitaram a ela e ao grupo Mucker um meio de estruturação psíquica frente a uma situação de caos social, cultural e religioso em que viviam aqueles colonos imigrantes.