The thesis "The Influence of the ČTK News Agency Content on Sports Sections of Daily MF Dnes and Právo" describes the influence of the Czech news agency ČTK on the sports section of two selected national newspapers - MF Dnes and Právo. The main objective of the research and a conducted two-week content analysis was to determine how individual editors work with the agency service. Another aim was to determine whether ČTK is still the main source of information for them, and whether there was something that had fundamentally changed its position. The thesis also examines the format of the messages produced by ČTK that appear in the newspapers most frequently. It also includes a questionnaire survey for editors of both media and basic analysis of photo journalism, which is an integral part of the sports sections. To complement the wider context of the theoretical part, the author describes the current battle of printed and electronic media, sport and commercialization processes of internetisation and digitization, which largely influenced the work of intelligence agencies.

The study of the spatial aspects of multipath in wireless communications environments is an increasingly important addition to the study of the temporal aspects in the search for ways to increase the utilization of the available wireless channel capacity. Traditionally, multipath has been viewed as an encumbrance in wireless communications, two of the major impairments being signal fading and intersymbol interference. However, recently the potential advantages of the diversity offered by multipath rich environments in multiuser communications have been recognised. Space time coding, for example, is a recent technique which relies on a rich scattering environment to create many practically uncorrelated signal transmission channels. Most often, statistical models have been used to describe the multipath environments in such applications. This approach has met with reasonable success but is limited when the statistical nature of a field is not easily determined or is not readily described by a known distribution.¶ Our primary aim in this thesis is to probe further into the nature of multipath environments in order to gain a greater understanding of their characteristics and diversity potential. We highlight the shortcomings of beamforming in a multipath multiuser access environment. We show that the ability of a beamformer to resolve two or more signals in angle directly limits its achievable capacity.¶ We test the probity of multipath as a source of spatial diversity, the limiting case of which is co-located users. We introduce the concept of separability to define the fundamental limits of a receiver to extract the signal of a desired user from interfering users’ signals and noise. We consider the separability performances of the minimum mean square error (MMSE), decorrelating (DEC) and matched filter (MF) detectors as we bring the positions of a desired and an interfering user closer together. We show that both the MMSE and DEC detectors are able to achieve acceptable levels of separability with the users as close as λ/10.¶ In seeking a better understanding of the nature of multipath fields themselves, we take two approaches. In the first we take a path oriented approach. The effects on the variation of the field power of the relative values of parameters such as amplitude and propagation direction are considered for a two path field. The results are applied to a theoretical analysis of the behaviour of linear detectors in multipath fields. This approach is insightful for fields with small numbers of multipaths, but quickly becomes mathematically complex.¶ In a more general approach, we take a field oriented view, seeking to quantify the complexity of arbitrary fields. We find that a multipath field has an intrinsic dimensionality of (πe)R/λ≈8.54R/λ, for a field in a two dimensional circular region, increasing only linearly with the radius R of the region. This result implies that there is no such thing as an arbitrarily complicated multipath field. That is, a field generated by any number of nearfield and farfield, specular and diffuse multipath reflections is no more complicated than a field generated by a limited number of plane waves. As such, there are limits on how rich multipath can be. This result has significant implications including means: i) to determine a parsimonious parameterization for arbitrary multipath fields and ii) of synthesizing arbitrary multipath fields with arbitrarily located nearfield or farfield, spatially discrete or continuous sources. The theoretical results are corroborated by examples of multipath field analysis and synthesis.

Gravity waves have a significant dynamic effect in the mesosphere. In particular, they drive the mesospheric circulation and are the reason that the summer polar mesosphere is cooler than the winter polar mesosphere. This thesis examines whether the effects of gravity waves are largely determined by filtering effects which allow only gravity waves with certain properties to propagate into the atmosphere. The filtering of gravity waves above Scott Base, Antarctica is examined using a radiosonde derived gravity wave source function, an MF-radar derived mesospheric gravity wave climatology, and a model derived filtering function. Least squares fitting of the source function and filtering function to the observed mesospheric gravity wave climatology allows us to determine which gravity wave phase velocities and propagation direction are likely to be present in the mesosphere and the relative importance of filtering and sources in this region. It is concluded the blocking of eastward gravity waves is important in winter and westward waves in summer.

Gravity waves have a significant dynamic effect in the mesosphere. In particular, they drive the mesospheric circulation and are the reason that the summer polar mesosphere is cooler than the winter polar mesosphere. This thesis examines whether the effects of gravity waves are largely determined by filtering effects which allow only gravity waves with certain properties to propagate into the atmosphere. The filtering of gravity waves above Scott Base, Antarctica is examined using a radiosonde derived gravity wave source function, an MF-radar derived mesospheric gravity wave climatology, and a model derived filtering function. Least squares fitting of the source function and filtering function to the observed mesospheric gravity wave climatology allows us to determine which gravity wave phase velocities and propagation direction are likely to be present in the mesosphere and the relative importance of filtering and sources in this region. It is concluded the blocking of eastward gravity waves is important in winter and westward waves in summer.

Submitted by (ana.araujo@ufrpe.br) on 2016-05-25T15:27:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Andre Batista.pdf: 1088768 bytes, checksum: 7819bd86b2d74fe0f2599519c5bdf4cb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-25T15:27:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Andre Batista.pdf: 1088768 bytes, checksum: 7819bd86b2d74fe0f2599519c5bdf4cb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-16 / The main objective of the present work was to apply recently developed in methods in physics-statistics to the time series, especifically in this work, to intervals of heart beats obtained from blood pressure signs (BP) of the sloth (Bradypus variegatus), with the purpose of identifying differences in fractality terms in the system of autonomous control related to the different situations lived by the animal along 48 hours (light-dark cycles). One tried to investigate if environmental changings may produce tendencies or have influence on the autonomous control system, using analysis multifractal methods, like Multifractal Detrended Fluctuations Analysis (MF-DFA). Due to the conditions in which the sloth BP data were obtained, that is, obtained to intervals of 15 minutes, it was necessary the adaptation of data for application of the technique MF-DFA. For validation of the adaptations, tests with humans' electrocardiograms gave us support to work with the interbeats data of sloth. The obtained results showed asignificant increasement of multifractalidade in the intervals of heartbeats of the sloth in the light cycle in relation to the dark cycle. / O principal objetivo do presente trabalho foi aplicar métodos recentemente desenvolvidos em física-estatística às séries temporais, em especial neste trabalho, a intervalos de batimentos cardíacos obtidos a partir de sinais de pressão arterial (PA) do bicho preguiça (Bradypus variegatus), com a finalidade de identificar diferenças em termos de fractalidade no sistema de controle autonômico relacionadas às diferentes situações vividas pelo animal ao longo de 48 horas (períodos claro e escuro). Procurou-se investigar se alterações ambientais produzem tendências ou têm influências sobre o sistema de controle autonômico, utilizando métodos de análise multifractal, como Multifractal Detrended Fluctuations Analysis (MF-DFA). Devido às condições nas quais os dados de PA de preguiça foram obtidos, isto é, obtidos a intervalos de 15 minutos, fez-se necessário a adaptação dos dados para aplicação da técnica MF-DFA. Para validação das adaptações, testes com eletrocardiogramas de humanos nos deram suporte para trabalhar com os dados de intervalos de batimentos cardíacos do bicho-preguiça. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que existe um aumento significativo demultifractalidade nos intervalos de batimentos cardíacos do bicho preguiça no período claro em relação ao escuro.

This Master's thesis examines the sharing of articles of printed newspapers - Hospodářské noviny and Mladá fronta DNES - on their respective websites. Firstly, research of scientific papers presents how foreign newpapers deal with digitalization and which models of sharing and paid content they apply. Using quantitative analysis this thesis examines, which of the two newspapers shares more free articles on-line (Mladá Fronta DNES on the server iDNES.cz and Hospodářské noviny on iHNed.cz and Aktuálně.cz). The quantitative analysis compares the content of the National news section in January 2015 and January 2016, so it also observes the development of the respective article-sharing policies over time. The hypothesis is that Hospodářské noviny share more free articles than Mladá fronta DNES. The reason is that Hospodářské noviny have a single editorial office for their printed and online articles. More details regarding the policies of paid content are provided through semi-structured interviews with representatives of the respective publishing houses. This Master's thesis also presents the advantages and disadvantages of single and separate editorial offices (newsrooms for printed and online articles), describes the processes of article- sharing, illustrates business models that the publishing...

The diploma thesis "Tabloidization of Czech dailies before and after the death of Karel Svoboda" focuses on suicide of popular Czech songwriter and composer and analyzes the way in which Czech dailies covered this event - including tabloids and also quality papers. This diploma thesis is a case study, with brief theoretical introduction about tabloidization and framing and detailed analysis of framing in three important Czech dailies, which contributes to the description of some of the aspects of tabloidization of Czech newspapers.

Angesichts zunehmender Einkommens- und Vermögensungleichheit rückt Besteuerung als Instrument von Umverteilung und sozialer Schichtung in den Blick. Um die vielfältigen Auswirkungen von Steuern auf Ungleichheit, Armut und Umverteilung zu beleuchten, weichen die vorliegenden Studien bis zu einem gewissen Grad von der allgemeinen vertikalen Perspektive—d. h. der sozialen Schichtung von reich nach arm—ab und untersuchen Steuerpolitik als Sozialpolitik für verschiedene Familientypen. Die horizontale Perspektive—also die soziale Schichtung verschiedener Familientypen unabhängig von ihrer Einkommensposition—erlaubt es, die zentrale Rolle der Besteuerung für die Strukturierung individueller Lebenschancen unabhängig von einer scheinbar offensichtlichen, vertikalen Umverteilung von Reich zu Arm zu betonen: Werden verschiedene Familientypen durch Steuern unterschiedlich behandelt? Wenn ja, wer profitiert und wer verliert? Der erste Artikel zielt auf eine allgemeine Bewertung der steuerbedingten Verarmung von Haushalten ab. Er zeigt, wie Steuern und Transfers nicht nur dazu dienen, Menschen aus Armut zu befreien, sondern gleichzeitig ebenso Menschen (weiter) in Armut drücken. Diese Perspektive zeigt den stratifizierenden Charakter des Steuersystems. Der zweite Artikel erweitert das Verständnis der familienbezogenen steuerlichen Behandlung, indem er zeigt, wie eine auf bestimmte Familientypen ausgerichtete Steuerpolitik Umverteilung behindert und Ungleichheit zwischen Familien verstärkt. Der dritte Artikel dient schließlich der Veranschaulichung der Bedeutung des Steuersystems für die soziale Schichtung über das Einkommens- und Lohnsteuersystem hinaus und zeigt auf, wie Familientypen unterschiedlich von Konsumsteuerzahlungen betroffen sind. / In the light of rising income and wealth inequality, taxation once more emerges as a tool of redistribution and stratification. To shed light on the myriad effects of taxes on inequality, poverty and redistribution, the studies at hand deviate to some degree from the general vertical perspective—that is, the social ordering from rich to poor—and investigate tax policy as social policy for different types of families. The horizontal perspective—that is, the social ordering of different family types regardless of their income position—allows for emphasizing the pivotal role of taxation in structuring individual life chances independently of any seemingly obvious redistribution from rich to poor: do taxes treat different types of families differently? If so, who gains and who loses? The first article aims at a general assessment of the fiscal impoverishment of households. It shows how taxes and transfers do not only serve to lift people out of poverty, but simultaneously push others (further) into poverty. This perspective clearly indicates the stratifying nature of the tax system. The second article expands the understanding of family-related tax treatment by showing how tax policies targeted towards specific types of families hinder redistribution and strengthen inequality between families. Finally, the third article serves to illustrate the relevance of the tax system for stratification beyond the income and payroll tax system and indicates how family types are hit differently by consumption tax payments.

No description available.

Direction finding with radio-frequency (RF) waves have numerous applications in radio navigation, wireless localization, emergency aid, and air traffic control, among others. Direction-finding using digital arrays outperforms traditional analog techniques but requires precise knowledge of the location of the array elements to obtain accurate results. Array perturbations can lead to algorithm failures and false detection, compromising direction-finding capabilities. This research proposes implementing a Matched Filter - Least Square (MF-LS) algorithm for Two-Way Ranging (TWR) to enhance direction-finding accuracy in arrays with perturbed element locations. The MF-LS algorithm leverages the properties of matched filters to accurately determine element positions by measuring the Time of Flight (ToF) of a signal between two ranging nodes. This method is independent of GPS or other sensor data, making it a cost-effective and easily deployable solution aimed at minimizing the effects of array perturbations, thus improving direction-finding accuracy. This work validates the MF-LS algorithm efficacy and enables robust direction-finding capabilities in challenging environments where traditional communication and localization services are unavailable. Moreover, this research provides a comprehensive study of direction-finding accuracy in amateur radio bands using the proposed ranging approach which can provide an immediate low-cost option for search and rescue operations in emergency situations.