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Uso de tabaco, uso de álcool, comportamento sexual e saúde mental em amostra de alunos oficiais da Academia de Policia Militar do Estado de São Paulo / Tobacco use, alcohol use, sexual behavior and mental health in a sample of military students of Military Police Academy of São PauloPerez, Arlene de Maria 01 September 2014 (has links)
Introdução: As atividades e operações militares exigem mobilizações frequentes, sendo imperativo que seus membros permaneçam saudáveis física e mentalmente para o desempenho adequado de suas funções. Métodos: 473 alunos da Academia foram convidados a responder um questionário anônimo, autorresponsivo, referente ao consumo de tabaco e álcool, ao comportamento sexual e à saúde mental. O consumo de tabaco e álcool foi avaliado por questionário utilizado no Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto - ELSA-Brasil, o comportamento sexual foi avaliado por questionário aplicado pelo Ministério da Saúde em conscritos do Exército Brasileiro e, para avaliação da saúde mental, foi usado o Self Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20). As variáveis categóricas foram expressas em porcentagem e comparadas usando qui-quadrado ou teste exato de Fisher, conforme apropriado. As variáveis numéricas foram expressas em média (desvio padrão) e comparadas pelo teste ANOVA com teste post hoc de Bonferroni. O nível de significância foi de 5,0%. Todas as análises foram realizadas com SPSS-16.0. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 384 homens e 45 mulheres, a maioria de raça branca (76,2%), idade inferior a 30 anos, solteira, pertencente às classes sociais B1 e B2 (59,2%), paulista (99,1%) e com sustento próprio (75,5%). Verificou-se que 6,5% dos alunos oficiais eram fumantes (6,5% dos homens e 6,7% das mulheres, P=0,8), 69,7% dos alunos (71,9% dos homens e 51,1% das mulheres, P=0,02) ingeriam algum tipo de bebida alcoólica e 14,6% dos homens e 13,3% das mulheres (P=0,82) relatavam história prévia de doença sexualmente transmissível (DST). O uso consistente de proteção sexual com parcerias fixas foi de 17,4% nos homens e 33,3% nas mulheres (P=0,13), com parcerias casuais, foi de 64,2% nos homens e 60,0% nas mulheres (P=0,22), e com parcerias pagas, foi de 92,9% somente nos homens, considerando que apenas 14 homens valeram-se de tais parcerias. Aproximadamente 25,0% dos alunos acreditavam na transmissão de DST por meio do uso de banheiros públicos. A presença de transtorno mental comum (TMC) foi encontrada em 15,6% da amostra (sem diferença entre os sexos, P=0,98). Ao longo dos anos da Academia, notou-se um aumento médio do número de sintomas de TMC considerando a amostra toda com homens e mulheres (P de tendência = 0,02), somente homens (P de tendência = 0,003), somente homens que vieram da tropa (P de tendência = 0,053) e somente homens que vieram da vida civil (P de tendência = 0,02). Conclusão: A amostra tem menor prevalência de tabagismo em relação à população militar e civil dos EUA e à população civil brasileira. O consumo de álcool é semelhante ao da população brasileira e ao da população militar dos EUA. O uso de preservativos de forma consistente com parcerias fixas é menos frequente do que com parcerias casuais e parcerias pagas, o que se associou a uma maior frequência de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis na amostra. Os alunos oficiais mostram lacunas no conhecimento sobre a transmissão de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis. Encontra-se a presença de transtornos mentais comuns em 15,6% da amostra, com tendência de aumento no número médio de sintomas, mas não na frequência de transtorno mental comum ao longo do curso. Concluiu-se que o conhecimento sobre DST ainda precisa melhorar e que, apesar de todas as orientações, o uso de preservativos ainda está longe do ideal nessa amostra de alunos oficiais da Academia de Polícia. O número de sintomas que fazem parte do diagnóstico de transtorno mental comum aumenta durante o curso sem ultrapassar o limiar diagnóstico / Introduction: The activities and military operations require frequent mobilizations and it is imperative that its members remain healthy physically and mentally for the proper performance of their duties. Methods: 473 Academy students were invited to answer an anonymous self-responsive questionnaire about tobacco and alcohol use, sexual behavior and mental health. The consumption of tobacco and alcohol was assessed by questionnaire used in the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health - ELSA-Brazil, sexual behavior was assessed by questionnaire administered by the Ministry of Health in the Brazilian army conscripts and for mental health assessment was used the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ - 20). Categorical variables are expressed as percentages and compared using chi-square or Fisher\'s exact test, as appropriate. Numerical variables are expressed as mean (standard deviation) and compared using ANOVA with post hoc Bonferroni test. The significance level was 5%. All analyzes are performed using SPSS - 16.0. Results: The sample comprised 384 men and 45 women, mostly white (76.2%), under 30 years of age, unmarried , belonging to social classes B1 and B2 (59.2%), from the state of São Paulo (99.1%) and on own support (75.5%). It was found that 6.5% of military students are smokers (6.5% of men vs 6.7 % women, P=0,80), 69.7 % of students (71,9 % men vs 51.1 % women, P=0,02 ) drink some kind of alcoholic beverage and that 14.6% of men and 13.3% of women (P=0,82) reported previous sexually transmitted diseases (STD). Consistent use of protection with steady partners was 17.4% in men and 33.3% in women (P=0,13) with casual partners was 64.2% in men 60% women (P = 0,22), only 14 men had just paid partnerships and 92.9% protected themselves. Approximately 25% of students believe in STD transmission using public restrooms. The presence of common mental disorders (CMD) was of 15.6% of the sample (no gender difference, P=0,98). Over the years, the Academy has noticed an average increase in the number of symptoms of CMD considering the entire sample, men and women (P for trend =0,02), considering only men (P for trend =0,003), considering only men who came from troop (P for trend =0,053), and only men who came from civilian life (P trend =0,02). Conclusion: The sample has a lower prevalence of smoking in relation to military and civilian U.S. population and in relation to the Brazilian civilian population. Alcohol consumption is similar as consumption in Brazilian population and the military population of the U. S. Using condoms consistently with steady partners is less frequent than with casual partners and paid partnerships and this could explain the higher incidence of sexually transmitted diseases in the sample. The military students show gaps in knowledge about transmission of sexually transmitted diseases. We found the presence of common mental disorders in 15.6% of the sample, with an increasing trend in the average number of symptoms, but not in the frequency of common mental disorders throughout the course. We concluded that knowledge about STDs still needs to improve and that despite all the guidelines, condom use is still far from ideal in this sample of military students at the Police Academy. The number of symptoms that are part of diagnosis of the common mental disorder increased during the course without exceeding the threshold for diagnosis
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Researching the experiences of children and young people from armed forces familiesBowes, Evelyn Ruth January 2018 (has links)
Children from armed forces families are identified internationally as a group facing challenging situations, circumstances which can have a negative impact on their educational experiences. The main focus in existing research has been on measuring children's outcomes, but these studies generate little insight into how children themselves make sense of their experiences. There are only a few in-depth qualitative studies, mostly conducted outside the UK, exploring the lived experiences of children from armed forces families. This study explores how children of armed forces personnel from schools across Scotland expressed their experiences. It aims to better understand approaches to the provision of inclusive educational support. A suite of methods - object elicitation, video diaries, peer interviewing, drawing, and vignettes - was employed, to generate expressions from a total of 41 children and young people aged eight to 14 years, from three primary and two secondary Scottish schools. A post-qualitative orientation supported the inquiry to look beyond children's voices in isolation. An assemblage approach was taken to the analysis of the audio/video recordings, transcripts, artefacts, and field notes from the research encounters. The analysis showed how the different and shifting conditions of the research led to the creation of ongoing productive encounters. A key insight was that schools have much unrealised capacity to positively contribute to the experiences of these children. Methodological insights alongside empirical findings are used to generate signposts for the provision of improved educational support. The thesis argues that, ultimately, any improvement will involve entering into reciprocal, experimental, and socio-materially mediated dialogues with children in ways that both align with children's lived experience of armed forces life but also allow for the exploration of change and becoming-different as outcomes of those dialogues.
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Institutionalized Discrimination: Three Cases in the United States MilitaryFrost, Sarah H. 24 October 1995 (has links)
This thesis explores institutionalized discrimination in the United States Military by examining the rationales given for policies that exclude, or limit the military service of racial minorities, women and homosexuals, and the rationales given for altering such policies. outgroups such as racial minorities, women and homosexuals are presumed to be a threat to the white male heterosexual majority within the military services. The presence of these outgroups in the military has been officially characterized as threatening to small-unit cohesion, and therefore threatening to military readiness. This thesis was first based upon the assumption that the rationales favoring discriminatory policies, and rationales favoring reform, would be expressed in the language of small-group theories of cohesion, that is, cohesion based upon the self-categorization of group members, or the interdependence of group members. However, in the data analysis process, two other rationales emerged: the ideological and the bureaucratic rationales. Data illustrating these four rationales were drawn from a content analysis of articles and other commentary published in the New York Times. Statements were crosstabulated by the stance (exclusionist or reformist) they supported and the rationale (self-categorical, interdependent, ideological or bureaucratic) they employed to justify the stance. This analysis was first done separately for each of the three groups, racial minorities, women and homosexuals, and then the data for each of the three outgroups were compared and contrasted. Findings indicate that despite the military's official characterization of outgroups as a threat to small-unit cohesion, relatively little of the debate was expressed in terms of small-group theories of cohesion-the self-categorization of, or interdependence of group members. The most frequently employed rationales were, in fact, ideological in character. Between the three groups, however, some differences in patterns of rationales and stances emerged. The findings are placed in their historical and political contexts to help explain the results of the analysis, and to illuminate the experience of racial minorities, women and homosexuals in the United States military.
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Keeping the warfighting edge : an empirical evaluation of Army officers' tactical expertise over the 1990s /Leed, Maren, January 2000 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--RAND Graduate School, 2000. / "RAND Graduate School." Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-120). Also available on the internet via WWW in PDF format.
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The lived experience of becoming a first-time, enlisted, army, active-duty, military motherKing, Mary Podmolik, 1949- 12 August 2011 (has links)
Not available / text
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Advisor 2.0 advancing the Military Transition Team model /Jones, Joseph W. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Master of Military Studies)-Marine Corps Command and Staff College, 2008. / Title from title page of PDF document (viewed on: Feb 1, 2010). Includes bibliographical references.
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An assessment of differences in pediatric dental services provided for a Medicaid population when compared to a federally subsidized (military) clinicJohnson, Mary Beth. Cappelli, David P. Bradshaw, Benjamin S. Smith, David W. January 2008 (has links)
Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 46-05, page: 2667. Advisers: David P. Cappelli; Benjamin S. Bradshaw. Includes bibliographical references.
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The effect of faith on post-traumatic stress and survivor guilt among global war on terrorism patientsCook, Eddie Walton. January 2006 (has links)
Thesis (D. Min.)--Erskine Theological Seminary, 2006. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 241-245).
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Prevalência de transtornos mentais comuns : estresse no ambiente de trabalho e atividade física em militares / Prevalence of common mental disorders, job stress and physical activity among military personnelLilian Cristina Xavier Martins 16 March 2012 (has links)
Esta tese inclui dois artigos que tiveram por objetivo investigar a relação de estresse no ambiente de trabalho com a prevalência de transtornos mentais comuns (TMC) e a relação de ambos com os níveis de prática de atividade física em militares do Exército Brasileiro. No primeiro artigo, a variável dependente foi TMC e a primeira variável independente foi o estresse no ambiente de trabalho, avaliado sob o modelo
esforço-recompensa em desequilíbrio (effort-reward imbalance: ERI). TMC foram avaliados por meio do General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Foram estimadas razões de prevalência (RP) por regressão de Poisson para imprimir robustez aos
intervalos de confiança (95%). A prevalência de TMC foi de 33,2% (IC95%:29,1;37,3). O estudo mostrou, após ajuste por idade, educação, renda, estilo de vida, autopercepção de saúde, agravos à saúde autorreferidos e características
ocupacionais, que estresse no ambiente de trabalho estava forte e independentemente associado a TMC, exibindo razões de prevalências (RP) que variaram entre os níveis de estresse, oscilando de 1,60 a 2,01. O posto de tenente estava associado a TMC, mesmo após ajuste pelas covariáveis (RP = 2,06; IC95%
1,2 4,1). Os resultados indicaram que excesso de comprometimento é um componente importante do estresse no trabalho. Estes achados foram consistentes com a literatura e contribuem com o conhecimento sobre o estado de saúde mental
dos militares das Forças Armadas no Brasil, destacando que o estresse no ambiente de trabalho e que o desempenho das funções ocupacionais, do posto de Tenente, podem significar risco maior para TMC nesse tipo de população. O segundo artigo
teve por objetivo investigar a associação de estresse no ambiente de trabalho e TMC com a prática de atividade física habitual entre militares das Forças Armadas. A atividade física (variável dependente) foi estimada por meio do Questionário de
Baecke, um dos instrumentos mais utilizados em estudos epidemiológicos sobre atividade física. Estresse no ambiente de trabalho, TMC e posto foram as variáveis independentes, avaliadas conforme descrição mencionada acima. Buscou-se avaliar a associação destas variáveis e com a prática de atividade física no pessoal militar. Para tanto, utilizou-se o método de regressão linear múltipla, via modelos lineares
generalizados. Após controlar por características socioeconomicas e demográficas, estresse no ambiente de trabalho, caracterizado por "altos esforços e baixa recompensas", permaneceu associado a mais atividade física ocupacional (b = 0,224 IC95% 0,098; 0,351) e a menos atividade física no lazer (b = -0,198; IC95% -0,384;
-0,011). TMC permaneceram associados a menores níveis de atividade física nos esportes/exercícios no lazer (b = -0,184; IC95% -0,321; -0,046). Posto permaneceu associado a maiores níveis de atividade física ocupacional (b = 0,324 IC95%
0,167; 0,481). Até onde se sabe, este foi o primeiro estudo a avaliar a relação de aspectos psicossociais e ocupacionais envolvidos na prática de atividade física em militares no Brasil e no exterior. Os resultados sugerem que o ambiente de trabalho
e a saúde mental estão associados à prática de atividade física de militares, que se relaciona com a condição de aptidão física. / This thesis includes two articles that sought to investigate the relationship of stress in the workplace with the prevalence of common mental disorders and the relationship of both with levels of physical activity in military personnel of the Brazilian
Army. In the first article, we sought to estimate the association between job stress and common mental disorders (CMD). Job stress was evaluated with the effortreward imbalance model (ERI) and the occurrence of CMD was assessed with the General
Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). We estimated prevalence ratios by Poisson regression to obtain robustness to the Confidence Intervals (95%). The prevalence of CMD was 33.2% (95%CI: 0.29, 0.37). The study showed, after adjustments for age,
education, income, lifestyle, self-perceived health status, health problems and selfreported occupational characteristics, that job stress was strongly and independently associated with CMD. The prevalence ratios (PR) ranged from 1.60 to 2.01, varying between job stress levels. Also the rank of lieutenant was independently associated with CMD (RP = 2.06; 95%CI 1.2 4.1). Results suggest that over-commitment is an important component of job stress for this population. These findings were consistent with the literature and contribute to the knowledge of
health and mental health among armed forces personnel in Brazil, highlighting that job stress may increase the risk of CMD in the military personnel. The second article aimed to investigate the association between job stress and CMD with the practice of physical activity among armed forces personnel. Physical activity (dependent variable) was estimated using the Baecke Questionnaire, an instrument commonly used in epidemiological studies on physical activity. Job stress and CMD were the independent variables, evaluated according to the description mentioned above. We sought to establish the association of these variables with physical activity in military
personnel. Multiple linear regression was performed via generalized linear models. After adjustment for confounders, job stress characterized as high efforts and low rewards" remained associated with higher levels of work physical activity (b = 0. 224 95%CI 0.098; 0.351) and lower levels of physical activity in sports / exercise in leisure time (b = -0.198; 95%CI 0.384; -0.011). Additionally, CMD remained associated with lower levels of physical activity in sports / exercise in leisure time (b =
-0.184; 95%CI 0.321; -0.046). Rank remained associated with higher levels of occupational physical activity (b = 0.324 CI95% 0.167; 0.481). To our knowledge, this was the first study to evaluate the relationship of psychosocial and occupational aspects involved in physical activity among military personnel in Brazil and abroad. The results suggest that the work environment and mental health are associated with
physical activity of the military, which is the path that leads the troops to the physical fitness.
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Do exército de sombras ao soldado-cidadão: saúde, recrutamento militar e identidade nacional na revista nação armada (1939-1947) / From the 'Army of Shadows' to the 'Citizen Soldier': health, military conscription and national identity in the 'Revista Nação Armada' (1939-1947)Monteiro, Vitor José da Rocha January 2010 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2010 / A presente pesquisa aborda a importância do tema da saúde no discurso dos militares brasileiros (mais especificamente do Exército) a respeito da construção de uma identidade nacional no período do Estado Novo (1937-1945), com particular ênfase aos anos relativos à Segunda Guerra Mundial. Para isso, serão analisados os textos publicadosna revista Nação Armada, revista civil-militar consagrada à segurança nacional, editada, com periodicidade mensal, entre novembro de 1939 e março de 1947. Buscou-se avaliar de que maneira a concepção destes militares sobre os problemas sanitários do país (particularmente no âmbito das Forças Armadas), e sobre as intervenções necessárias à sua solução, foi central para a afirmação e a legitimação do papel do Exército como força política e ideológica decisiva para o projeto de regeneração do povo brasileiro e de elaboração de uma nova nação naquele período do primeiro governo do Presidente Getúlio Vargas. Dentre os temas abordados pela revista, as questões relacionadas à saúde estavam, em particular, associadas à questão do recrutamento militar, que ganhou especial visibilidade e importância no contexto do conflito mundial. Preconizando os valores e práticas da higiene, da educação física e da eugenia como elementos fundamentais para a conformação de um soldado-cidadão , apto a atuar não apenas na guerra, mas fundamentalmente como exemplo/modelo para o novo homem brasileiro , a análise dos discursos veiculados em Nação Armada proporciona a compreensão histórica dos significados e práticas que nortearam a afirmação pública dos militares como grupo encarregado e aparelhado para promover a cura , o fortalecimento e o engrandecimento da nação de acordo com os preceitos ideológicos firmados pelo regime estadonovista.
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