<p>Due to the crucial role that women play in child bearing, FP programmes in Africa have traditionally concentrated on reaching women through the maternal and child health services. Thus the disproportionate emphasis has been biased towards women and men have largely been ignored (Djamba, 1995). This means that women may get little support or face resistance from their male partners. Yet participation of male partners affects the choice, adoption, continuation and correct use of FP methods (Fapohunda &amp / Rutenberg, 1999). Traditionally men have the power to make decisions regarding reproductive health (Djamba, 1995). For success of the FP programmes men can participate in two ways, either by supporting the partners&rsquo / decision to use FP, or through the use of male FP methods (Roudi &amp / Ashford, 1996). According to Lundgren et al. (2005), the challenge of redirecting FP services towards greater male involvement lies in formulating effective interventions. Therefore, this study seeks to contribute towards strategies that would reach out to men to participate more in FP to increase contraceptive use and reduce total fertility rate.</p>

<p>Due to the crucial role that women play in child bearing, FP programmes in Africa have traditionally concentrated on reaching women through the maternal and child health services. Thus the disproportionate emphasis has been biased towards women and men have largely been ignored (Djamba, 1995). This means that women may get little support or face resistance from their male partners. Yet participation of male partners affects the choice, adoption, continuation and correct use of FP methods (Fapohunda &amp / Rutenberg, 1999). Traditionally men have the power to make decisions regarding reproductive health (Djamba, 1995). For success of the FP programmes men can participate in two ways, either by supporting the partners&rsquo / decision to use FP, or through the use of male FP methods (Roudi &amp / Ashford, 1996). According to Lundgren et al. (2005), the challenge of redirecting FP services towards greater male involvement lies in formulating effective interventions. Therefore, this study seeks to contribute towards strategies that would reach out to men to participate more in FP to increase contraceptive use and reduce total fertility rate.</p>

Magister Public Health - MPH / South Africa

This study addresses modern types of families in the East-Kazakhstan region and their role in the development of population. Using a sample of East-Kazakhstani women interviewed in 2008 in the "Family Transformation survey," this study focuses on continuously married women and women who have been previously married. The purpose of this thesis is analysis of factors influential on the intention to be divorced. Additionally, this thesis investigates issue: how a woman's family life-course (marital status and number of children born in the first marriage) influences the risk of a post-dissolution birth among divorced women. Also this study attempts to analyze how the experience of a marital dissolution affects a woman's cumulated fertility. The results show that women who underwent a marital dissolution have lower fertility than those who remained continuously married, and that repartnering enables this group of women to recapture the fertility lost with the dissolution of the first marriage. With a rise in divorce rates and existing differences of post-dissolution marital behaviors for those who have been previously married, it has become important to account for the type of dissolution (widowhood or divorce) of a union when analyzing partnership formation after the breakdown of a union. Additionally, this...

Studien vill undersöka hur konstruktioner av maskulinitet (maskulinitetsgörande) ser ut i den västerländska serien Modern Family. Syftet operationaliseras genom två frågeställningar gällande språklig och kroppslig symbolik samt genusperformativitet hos fyra män i serien. Materialet består av avsnitt ur seriens första två säsonger där maskulinitetsgörande varit mest påtagligt, som analyseras med queerteoretiskt ramverk och begrepp. Analysen leder till slutsatsen att kön (maskulinitet) görs genom gränsdragning, kopplat till sexualitet, kropp och språk. Huruvida männen utrycker ”rätt sorts” maskulinitet eller inte står i kontrast och relation till varandra. Den hegemoniska maskuliniteten är i ständig förändring,  där den traditionella och den moderna maskuliniteten är i en ständig kamp om den hegemoniska positionen. Vilken som ”vinner” den hegemoniska positionen är dock situationsbundet, relationsbundet och ständigt föränderligt.

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AbstractThe purpose of this study is to establish the representations of the main characters of Modern Family out of three themes: the representation of genders, race and LGBTQ+, based on theories within the field, such as representation and stereotypes. Earlier research shows that these three social groups often are represented stereotypically in media with more inclusivity in some aspects and less in some. Four episodes have been chosen from different years and have been analyzed from an intersectional perspective. This purpose of this research is to understand what codes have been used when creating the main characters, and it focuses on three research questions:- In what ways are the female, male, Latin and LGBTQ+ characters on Modern Family represented?- Has the representation of race, gender and LGBTQ+ changed over the nine years since Modern Family started broadcasting? If so, in what ways?- What stereotypes replicate on the different characters depending on their race, gender and LGBTQ+?To do this, descriptive text analysis and semiotics have been used to analyze each episode and for better understanding of the stereotypical traits and representation in the analysis, Richard Dyer’s definition of stereotypes and Stuart Hall’s theory of representation have been used. The results show different changes in representation regarding the three themes. In conclusion, the representation of genders has changed over the nine years, thus has the representation of the Latin race and LGBTQ+ community not changed in many significant ways.Heading: Representation of race, gender and LGBTQ+ on Modern Family. Author: Anna Sofia StoiljkovicLevel: Final Exam Project in Media and Communication Studies, 15 hp Institution: School of Arts and Communication (K3)Faculty: Faculty of Culture and Society University: Malmö University Supervisor:Examiner:Term: Spring of 2019Keywords: Media representations, tereotypes, gender, race, LGBTQ+, Modern Family.

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1960年代的電視機與現代生活圖景，在傳播研究史上仍有待開拓。本文試圖以1960年代之平面媒體資料，理解報紙、雜誌、書籍中電視再現的現代家庭生活樣貌，以及在都市發展過程中，電視機在新式住宅中扮演之角色。 結果發現，「現代化」是1960年代電視機販售推廣時常見的定義架構。現代化的「電化家庭」以現代化符碼作為販售號召，標誌著的是技術理性、進步之建構，過程中，嫁妝成為物質電器與美滿符號的具體化實踐機會。 「現代化」電化生活的再現中，家庭勞務之性別關係被凸顯出來。女性多以家庭主婦角色出現，展現的是勞務責任的承擔。由於女性的勞務承擔角色，她們被限縮於住宅與勞務工作之中，因此寂寞與無聊困擾之討論見於史料。電視機化做主婦的依託，提供她們對外交流的心理滿足。 此外，新式住宅的出現，私領域在鐵門與隔音不佳的水泥牆物質形構中漸漸形成一種心理狀態。電視機的出現，使家庭成為一個消費場域、享受空間，私領域得以深化。而電視也不僅僅成為總體居家裝飾的一部分，也成為個人地位象徵，電視消費者的分析展現現代的「高品味」與「低品味」的區分過程。 電視機的再現透露日本殖民、國府統戰、美國冷戰體系三股力量複雜交會的圖景。電視機造型、技術、資本，都因為日本家電廠與台廠合作之關係而承接下來，日本符號仍然沒有完全被去除，而以另外一種姿態低調地進入電視機的家庭生活再現中。 然而，大部分的平面媒體論述集中在美國。美國節目、美國影集大舉進入家庭之中，成為「現代生活的參照標準」。在整體對美國親近的強勢論域上，日本符號被歸依在美國的論述下。現代化被塑造成是歐美的標準，認同也指向了歐美。 但是事實上，日本符號仍然以品牌認同、簡潔理性之設計外觀出現於生活之中。 至於在電視機的國族方面，設置具高度宣傳意義，不過，不管是電視機販售與電視節目內容，國的宣傳身影不斷，但更強大的渴望娛樂與追求享受之消費者邏輯，正在醞釀形成。國的宣傳雖然得以進入家戶，不過卻與娛樂趨向之間，在家戶內形成角力。

My work deals with contemporary Czech family and its development. Young people enter to a lesser extent to marry, less and less children are born, the population is aging, alarming is the high number of divorces. Does the impact the amount of education on divorce? Evident is also a large increase in children born to single mothers. Even though it is still the most children born of marriage, unmarried parents are increasing. Many couples can not conceive a child naturally and uses the opportunity to assisted reproduction. Increasing the proportion of women who for some reason a child can not or do not want. i also deal with the division of roles in the family and in the work area. What has changed in contemporary family compared to traditional family? The aim is to map the current situation of Czech families and their future from the perspective of domestic and foreign authors. i can see the importance of the ethical and social aspects that may to impact the influence of development of families in the future.Conclusion contains my assessment on this issue.