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Hur kommunicerar en institution för att behålla sitt kulturella förtroende under kriser? Vi har genomfört en kvalitativ retorisk analys på det material som det brittiska kungahuset producerat på sina sociala medier under två kriser 2019. Tidigare studier av kungahus och likvärdiga institutioners kulturella maktposition i samhället har visat att allmänhetens uppfattning av institutionen i hög grad påverkas av institutionens förmåga att svara på kriser. Dock saknas studier som analyserar en monarkis material i en modern kontext. Med avstamp i teoretiska begrepp som symbolisk makt, soft power, och kulturellt kapital,  har vi undersökt vilka strategier från Image Repair Theory vi kan identifiera och förstå i kungahusets kommunikation. Det brittiska kungahuset har haft som motto att inte klaga över – eller svara på – kritik. På senare år har institutionen dock blivit mer och mer aktiv på sociala medier. Detta innebär att de kommunikationsstrategier som används inte testats under en längre tid, och vi har funnit att dessa inte heller är konsekventa över de olika konton som kungahuset använder. Denna misskommunikation riskerar att skada folkets förtroende för kungahuset, och den kulturella makt de försöker underhålla på sina konton.

Anders Zorn är allmänt ansedd som en av sin tids främste porträttkonstnärer och bland hans mest upphöjda modeller hittar vi diverse medlemmar i den svenska kungafamiljen. I den här uppsatsen undersöks tre av hans kungliga porträtt utförda mellan åren 1898 och 1909. De tre porträtten är alla målade i olja på duk och föreställer de två kungarna Oskar II och Gustaf V samt änkedrottning Sofia av Nassau. Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka Zorns kungliga porträtt i relation samtida framställningar av kungligheter, den kungliga porträttraditionen i Sverige och statsporträttet som genre. Frågeställningarna centrerar kring hur porträtten förhåller sig till den kungliga porträttraditionen, hur Zorn använde sig av klädsel och attribut och vilken effekt det fick i hans framställningar, i vilken utsträckning som hans verk följer den traditionella kungliga ikonografin och hur den personliga relationen till kungligheterna påverkade framställningarna av dem. Undersökningen utgår ifrån en semiotisk bildtolkning av de tre verken och uppsatsens teoretiska perspektiv utgår ifrån T.J. Clarks beskrivning av socialhistorisk konstvetenskap. Resultatet visar att Zorn använder sig delvis av den kungliga ikonografin samt använder sig av element vanliga inom statsporträttets genre samtidigt som han i det stora bryter med traditionen både när det kommer till klädsel, attribut och komposition. Det har även framkommit att relationen till kungligheterna var nära och att detta säkerligen påverkade den informella tonen i Zorns kungliga porträtt. Undersökningen visar också att Zorns porträtt kommer till i en brytningstid där hans kungliga porträtt har mer likheter med de som kommer efter än de som har tillkommit tidigare. / Anders Zorn is generally considered one of the most prominent portrait painters of his time and among his subjects we find several members of the Swedish royal family. This thesis investigates three of his royal portraits painted between 1898 and 1909. The portraits are all painted in oil on canvas and depict two kings, Oscar II and Gustaf V, as well as the dowager queen Sofia of Nassau. The aim of the thesis is to investigate Zorn’s royal portraits in relation to contemporary depictions of royalty, the traditional royal portraiture in Sweden, and the state portrait genre. The questions focus on how the portraits relate to the royal portrait tradition, how Zorn used clothing and attributes and the effect this had in his representations, to what extent his work follows traditional royal iconography, and how his personal relationship with the royals influenced the representations of them. The investigation is based on a semiotic interpretation of the three works, and the essay's theoretical perspective is based on T.J. Clark's description of social art history. The results show that Zorn partially uses the royal iconography and elements common within the genre of the state portrait, while he also largely breaks with tradition in terms of clothing, attributes, and composition. It is also shown that the relationship with the royal family was close and that this certainly influenced the informal tone of Zorn's royal portraits. The investigation also shows that Zorn's portraits are produced at a turning point where his royal portraits have more similarities with those that follow than those that precede.

The purpose of this essay is to examinate the statements and verbal attributions of King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden in the early 2000’s. More exactly I’ve got two question formulations: Which statements does king Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden make during the early 2000’s and are these statements, in line with the king’s attributions, non-political, party-politically neutral and noncontroversial according to different perspectives? Question number two is if there are to find any boundaries for where the verbal attributions of Carl XVI Gustaf seem to go when he expresses himself in the role as the king of Sweden and the chief of state in the early 2000’s. My procedure is to read the Christmas speeches of Carl XVI Gustaf during the 2000’s and use former beheld statements of Carl XVI Gustaf to seek answers to the research questions. My conclusions are that the king does make political as well as party-political statements according to different perspectives. The king sometimes speaks fondly about EU, advocates multiculturalism, praises the family as a social building block and embellishes the Swedish monarchy. According to different perspectives these notions cannot be seen as nonpolitical nor party-politically neutral because in some questions different opinions are prevailed among parliament parties and other bigger parties in Sweden. However, the statements of the king can hardly be seen as controversial since his statements often rest upon strong common values and national unity. The verbal boundary of Carl XVI Gustaf is floating and cannot be unravelled, but it’s possible to approach the truth with three cores: 1. The king can encourage, although not tell how something is to be done. 2. The king shall keep within the national unity and common values. 3. It’s not always enough with Swedish national unity, nor shall Carl XVI Gustaf butt in discussions that undermines the relations with other countries.

This report discusses the IT archetypes "governance strategy" and how it could be linked to the IT benefits at the company. The study is based on IT investments that have taken place in ten banks operating in Sweden today, where the reality was modeled on the basis of a questionnaire survey and an additional interview. The aim was to examine whether it is possible to find any correlation between the governance in the banks and obtained benefits for an IT investments. While the competition is intensifying in most companies there is a greater demand for efficiency in IT. The need for IT solutions is greater than ever and the number of IT investments is increasing significantly in most workplaces today, especially on banks. But even if the investments are increasing in numbers it does not necessarily mean that all types of investments are effective and beneficial to the company. The benefits of IT investments are often difficult to measure, and the calculations become even more complex the larger the organization is. According to the framework Val IT Framework 2.0, from 2008, there was a global study made by Price Waterhouse Coopers in Belgium. The surveys, which were based on the response of 750 IT executives and managers, showed that the importance of IT is increasing and that there is much room for improvements in terms of returns on IT investments. To make it easier finding the underlying structures the study was divided into two parts, one benefit study and one archetype study. The structure of both the studies is based on research done by Peter Weill and Jeanne Ross in the field of IT governance and research in IT benefits by Gunasekaran. The main purpose of this report is to present a new way of thinking - where banks can predict the benefits of an IT investment just by viewing their corporate governance and invest in the most profitable IT investments only. The results of this study shows that there are some relations between received benefits in IT investments on the examined banks and their archetype. Most of the banks have an archetype that is similar to the IT duopoly and investments which generally results in strategic benefits.