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It is imperative that learners leave school with a certain set of core skills, none as important as communication and technology literacy, a key driver for future workplace employment. The critical question is how to motivate pupils to participate in an interesting, challenging and creative project to improve essential communication techniques and capabilities? The rationale of the study is to enable future editors of school newspapers to create a similar environment in which the learners that are members of the editorial team will be involved in the construction of a school newspaper. The rationale of the study relating to the learners, who are part of the editorial team, is to develop 21st Century Skills and therefore enable them to overcome complicated demands that they are exposed to in the Knowledge Age. This dissertation presents a real-life, initiative to encourage active participation in the construction of a school newspaper that will develop learners’ skills and confidence and improve their oral, written and multi-media communication. The findings of this dissertation aim to prove that the group production of a school newspaper can enhance learners’ ability to participate and communicate in a group environment and equip them with essential 21st Century skills. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Education Management and Policy Studies / unrestricted

[pt] Sistemas tradicionais de karaokê geralmente utilizam vídeos pré-editados, o que limita a criação de experiências de videokê. Nesta dissertação, propomos um novo método para a geração de videokê em tempo real a partir de fontes de streaming de vídeo, chamado Gerador de Videokê. Este método combina técnicas de processamento de vídeo e áudio para gerar automaticamente videokê e é projetado para realizar o processamento em tempo real ou próximo a isso. Os principais objetivos deste estudo são formular uma metodologia para processar vídeos em fluxo contínuo e gerar videokê em tempo real, mantendo características essenciais como a supressão das vozes principais da música e a geração automática de legendas destacando palavras. Os resultados obtidos representam uma contribuição significativa para o campo da geração de multimídia em tempo real. O método foi implementado em uma arquitetura cliente/servidor para testes. Essas contribuições representam um avanço no campo dos sistemas de entretenimento e multimídia, pois introduzem uma nova metodologia para a criação de experiências de videokê. Até onde sabemos, este é o primeiro trabalho que aborda o desenvolvimento de um gerador de videokê em tempo real que realiza sincronização automática e destaque a nível de palavras, com base em uma revisão da literatura. / [en] Traditional karaoke systems typically use pre-edited videos, which limits the creation of videoke experiences. In this dissertation, we propose a new method for generating videoke in real-time from video streaming sources, called the videoke Generator. This method combines video and audio processing techniques to automatically generate videoke and is designed to perform processing in real-time or near real-time. The main objectives of this study are to formulate a methodology to process videos in continuous flow and to generate videoke in real-time while maintaining essential features such as the suppression of the main voices of the music and the automatic generation of subtitles highlighting words. The results obtained represent a significant contribution to the field of real-time multimedia generation. The method was implemented in a client/server architecture for testing. These contributions represent a step forward in the field of entertainment and multimedia systems as they introduce a new methodology for the creation of videoke experiences. To our knowledge, this is the first work that addresses the development of a real-time videoke generator that performs automatic synchronization and highlighting at the word level, based on a literature review.

The field of technological subscription-based services are growing, and more organizations are using this strategy to provide their customers with products and services. Even though the market is growing the theories concerning the perceived value of their customers are not. The perception of value is an important part of a company’s strategy and the need for validated aspects concerning this is important to formulate. Customer-perceived value is a complex area and the gap in the theoretical understanding of this in the technological subscription-based products and services needs to be filled. The aim of this research is to explore this field and to gain a better understanding of what situational factors of the perceived value is. The situation studied in this research lies within the visitor-centered organizations perception of value of subscription-based multi-media guides. After an extensive literature review in this area data has been collected through eight semi-structured interviews. This has resulted in the findings of factors that affect both the beneficial and costly domains of the customer-perceived value. It was also clear that the situation plays a big role in the perceived value. The factors that was mentioned most of the respondents were seen as the most influential and these has been presented in a list in the end of the study. The results can be used as a base for future studies to gain a deeper insight in the area and also to conduct more studies to see if different situations have a bigger affect. The results can also be used as a guideline for practitioners within the field as they develop their products and services to increase value for their customers. / Företag som erbjuder tekniska prenumerationsbaserade lösningar blir fler, och allt fler företag använder sig av denna strategi för att förse sina kunder med produkter och tjänster. Även fast denna marknad växer saknas fortfarande teorier som rör området kring vad deras kunder har för upplevt kundvärde. Upplevt kundvärde är en viktig del av ett företags strategi och behovet av validerade teorier kring vilka aspekter som påverkar detta är viktiga att formulera. Upplevt kundvärde är ett komplext område och gapet i den teoretiska förståelsen kring detta inom området som erbjuder tekniska prenumerationsbaserade produkter och tjänster behöver fyllas. Syftet med denna rapport är att undersöka detta område för att få en bättre förståelse för vilka de situationsbaserade faktorer som påverkar det kundupplevda värdet är. Situationen som har studerats i denna rapport ligger i besöksorienterade organisationers upplevda värde av prenumerationsbaserade multi-mediaguider. Efter en omfattande litteraturstudie inom detta område har data samlats in med hjälp av åtta semi-strukturerade intervjuer. Tack vare det insamlade materialet har denna studie resulterat i en lista på faktorer som påverkar både de fördelaktiga samt kostsamma domänerna av det upplevda kundvärdet. Det var även tydligt att situationen spelar en stor roll i det upplevda kundvärdet. De faktorer som nämndes mest av respondenterna har ansetts haft störst påverkan och det är dessa som presenteras i en lista i slutet av rapporten. Resultatet kan användas som bas för fortsatta studier för att fördjupa sig inom området samt för att genomföra fler studier för att se om olika situationer har mer inverkan. Resultatet kan även användas som en riktlinje för de som praktiserar inom fältet när de utvecklar sina produkter och tjänster för att höja värdet för sina kunder.

The value of this research hinges on the idea that exchanging illustrations for descriptive text can provide appropriate schemas for students with reading difficulties and thereby improve their comprehension and vocabulary acquisition. The research in this dissertation is based on theories and earlier research in the fields of psychology, education, reading, and narratology. A review of these fields offers a variety of perspectives on the processes involved in reading and comprehension. These processes range from the physical systems involved in reading (e.g., early childhood development, eye movement) to the psychological systems, which include cognitive load theory as well as image and text processing models. This study compares two reading methods by analyzing students' vocabulary and comprehension gains. Both groups read the same text and completed the same pre- and post-tests. The control group read the text from the book which was text only. The experimental group read from a modified text on the computer screen. The text was modified by replacing some sentences with images designed to transmit the same information (e.g., descriptions of the setting, vocabulary items) in a graphic format. The images were in-line with the text, and designed to be read as part of the story, not as additional illustrations. Final analysis shows that the experimental format performed as well as the control format for most students. However, students who have learning disabilities, particularly language learners who have learning disabilities, did not make gains in the text only control format. These same students did show statistically significant gains with the experimental format, particularly the section of reading where the vocabulary words were explicitly presented in the images. Disparate, non-homogenous groupings of students reflect the actual teaching and learning circumstances in the school, as required by the school system. This situation thus represents the actual status quo situation faced by teachers in our school. We leave it to future researchers to work with more homogenous groups of students in order to attain clearer, stronger and more plaintively useful results.

[ES] Natural Hysteria... es una investigación basada en una practica transdisciplinaria que documenta el proceso de producción de un ciclo de performances basadas en el texto: rituales, presentaciones teatrales, acciones callejeras y presentaciones de video, canciones y talleres. Es una respuesta artística al deterioro de nuestro medio ambiente y los ataques contra la diversidad cultural y biológica que están llevando a cabo un sistema capitalista basado en la acumulación de riqueza a toda costa que nos esta' llevando al borde de un colapso ecológico. Se procede a través de un análisis de otras prácticas artísticas disidentes que comparten una perspectiva queer, feminista, postcolonial o ecológica que las vincula a los conceptos explorados en mi trabajo para contextualizarlo en el campo expandido de las artes contemporáneas. La "histeria" alternativa que forma la base conceptual de este proyecto tiene sus inicios en los albores de la edad moderna y traza una historia de dominación de los "otros": se centra principalmente en las mujeres, en el género y en los disidentes sexuales, las personas de color y los animales. La explotación de los recursos naturales y humanos es una consecuencia de una cosmovisión basada en el establecimiento de oposiciones binarias que permiten que el "otro" sea clasificado y dominado. Por ejemplo: hombre / mujer, blanco / negro, hetero / homosexual, cultura / naturaleza. La construcción de estos "otros" - "femenino", "nativo", "queer", "naturaleza" - excluye a estos sujetos de la construcción de una identidad dominante que, sin embargo, depende de estas categorías para su existencia. En el Renacimiento, los campos de las ciencias y las humanidades no estaban separados. La visión mecanicista del mundo no había superado por completo las creencias paganas en la magia y en una fuerza espiritual que reside en todos los seres. Esta visión era una reliquia de la era precristiana y finalmente sería erradicada por las fuerzas unidas del Estado y la Iglesia a través de los procesos de la Inquisición, la caza de brujas, la colonización y la nueva religión de la "Ciencia". Todos estos procesos han producido un gran cambio en nuestra relación con la naturaleza, que en la actualidad se considera una entidad totalmente inerte. La naturaleza ya no forma parte de nuestro ser y se ha convertido simplemente en materia prima. La colonización continua hoy bajo una política neoliberal que utiliza el concepto de desarrollo para requisar territorio de los pueblos indígenas a fin de explotar sus recursos naturales. Esto se justifica clasificando estas personas como primitivas porque su modo de vida se basa en vivir en equilibrio con la naturaleza. La funcio'n de una práctica artística poli'ticamente comprometida es desafiar la noción de que no existe una alternativa al sistema actual. El marco teórico y artístico de esta investigación ha conducido al desarrollo de un alter ego performativo, el chaman transgénero Geyserbird, y a la configuración de una serie de performances que incluye rituales participativos, instalaciones con presencia y la reapropiacio'n queer de espacios industriales abandonados. El chama'n transge'nero es un ser espiritual que va más allá de las limitaciones del sistema de genero binario y se conecta con las culturas indígenas. El despliegue de esta figura en un contexto contemporáneo invita al publico a imaginar otras posibilidades para si' mismos y para nuestra sociedad. / [EN] Natural Hysteria... is a trans-disciplinary practice led investigation which documents the process of production of a cycle of text based performances -rituals, street actions, theatrical presentations, and video presentations, songs and workshops. It is an artistic response to the deterioration of our environment and the attacks on cultural and biological diversity being carried out by a capitalist system based on the accumulation of wealth at all costs which is leading us to the border of an ecological collapse. It proceeds through an analyses of other dissident artistic practices which share a queer, feminist postcolonial or ecological perspective linking them to the concepts explored in my work in order to contextualise it in the expanded field of the contemporary arts. The alternative "hysteria" that forms the conceptual basis of this project has its beginnings in the dawn of the modern age and traces a history of domination of those "others": focusing mainly on women, gender and sexual dissidents, people of colour and animals. The exploitation of natural and human resources is a consequence of a worldview based on the establishment of binary oppositions that allow the "other" to be classified and dominated. For example: man / woman, white / black, hetero / homosexual, culture / nature. The construction of these "others" - the "feminine", the "native", the "queer", "nature" - excludes these subjects from the construction of a master identity that, nevertheless, depends on these categories for its existence. In the Renaissance the fields of the sciences and the humanities were not separated. The mechanistic view of the world had not completely overcome pagan beliefs in magic and in a spiritual force which resides in all beings. This vision was a relic of the pre-Christian era and would finally be eradicated by the united forces of State and Church through the processes of the Inquisition, the witch hunts, colonization and the new religion of "Science". All of these processes have produced a huge change in our relationship with nature, currently seen as a totally inert entity. Nature is no longer part of our being and has became nothing more than raw material. Colonisation continues today under a neoliberal politics which uses the concept of development to requisition territory from indigenous people in order to exploit its natural resources. This is justified by qualifying these people as primitive because their way of life is based on living in equilibrium with nature. The function of a politically engaged artistic practise is to challenge the notion that no alternative exists to the current system. The theoretical and artistic framework of this investigation has led to the development of a performative alter ego, the transgender shaman Geyserbird, and to the configuration of a series of performances which included participatory rituals, installations with presence and the queer appropriation of abandoned industrial spaces. The transgender shaman is a spiritual being who goes beyond the limitations of the binary gender system and connects to indigenous cultures. The deployment of this figure in a contemporary context, invites the public to imagine other possibilities for themselves and for our society / [CA] Natural Hysteria... e's una investigacio' basada en una pra¿ctica transdisciplina¿ria que documenta el proce's de produccio' d'un cicle de performances basades en el text: rituals, presentacions teatrals, acciones al carrers i presentacions de vi'deo, canc¿ons i tallers. E's una resposta arti'stica a la deteriorament del nostre medi ambient i els atacs contra la diversitat cultural i biolo¿gica que esta¿ duent a terme un sistema capitalista basat en l'acumulacio' de riquesa costi el que costi que ens esta¿ portant a la vora d'un col·lapse ecolo¿gic. Es procedeix a trave's d'una ana¿lisi d'altres pra¿ctiques arti'stiques dissidents que comparteixen una perspectiva queer, feminista, postcolonial o ecolo¿gica que les vincula amb els conceptes explorats en el meu treball per contextualitzar-ho en el camp expandit de les arts contempora¿nies. La "histe¿ria" alternativa que forma la base conceptual d'aquest projecte te' els seus inicis en les albors de l'edat moderna i trac¿a una histo¿ria de dominacio' dels "altres": se centra principalment en les dones, en el ge¿nere i en els dissidents sexuals, les persones de color i els animals. L'explotacio' dels recursos naturals i humans e's una consequ¿e¿ncia d'una cosmovisio' basada en l'establiment d'oposicions bina¿ries que permeten que l'"altre" sigui classificat i dominat. Per exemple: home / dona, blanc / negre, hetero / homosexual, cultura / naturalesa. La construccio' d'aquests "altres" - "femeni'", "natiu", "queer", "naturalesa" - exclou aquests subjectes de la construccio' d'una identitat dominant que, no obstant aixo¿, depe'n d'aquestes categories per a la seua existe¿ncia. En el Renaixement, els camps de les cie¿ncies i les humanitats no estaven separats. La visio' mecanicista del mo'n no havia superat per complet les creences paganes en la ma¿gia i en una forc¿a espiritual que resideix en tots els e'ssers. Aquesta visio' era una reli'quia de l'era precristiana i finalment seria eradicada per les forces unides de l'Estat i l'Esgle'sia a trave's dels processos de la Inquisicio', la cac¿a de bruixes, la colonitzacio' i la nova religio' de la "Cie¿ncia". Tots aquests processos han produi¿t un gran canvi en la nostra relacio' amb la naturalesa, que en l'actualitat es considera una entitat totalment inerta. La naturalesa ja no forma part del nostre e'sser i s'ha convertit simplement en mate¿ria preval. La colonitzacio' continua avui sota una poli'tica neoliberal que utilitza el concepte de desenvolupament per a requisar territori dels pobles indi'genes a fi d'explotar els seus recursos naturals. Aixo¿ es justifica classificant aquestes persones com a primitives perque¿ la seua manera de vida es basa en viure en equilibri amb la naturalesa. La funcio' d'una pra¿ctica arti'stica poli'ticament compromesa e's desafiar la nocio' que no existeix una alternativa al sistema actual. El marc teo¿ric i arti'stic d'aquesta investigacio' ha condui¿t al desenvolupament d'un alter ego performatiu, el xaman transge¿nere Geyserbird, i a la configuracio' d'una se¿rie de performances que inclou rituals participatius, instal·lacions amb prese¿ncia i la reapropiacio' queer d'espais industrials abandonats. El xaman transge¿nere e's un ser espiritual que va me's enlla¿ de les limitacions del sistema de ge¿nere binari i es connecta amb les cultures indi'genes. El desplegament d'aquesta figura en un context contemporani convida al pu'blic a imaginar altres possibilitats per a ells mateixos i per a la nostra societat. / Bell, G. (2018). NATURAL HYSTERIA (a queer response to ecocide): An exercise in Living Art, Participatory Rituals and Queer Ecology -or- How I discovered Geyserbird, the Transgender Shaman within [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/111925

Einleitung Studierende der Veterinärmedizin müssen neben umfangreichem theoretischem Wissen zahlreiche praktische Fertigkeiten erlernen. Da jeder Einzelne in seinem eigenen Tempo lernt, besteht ein großer Bedarf an Trainingsmöglichkeiten. Kadaver und lebende Tiere sind selten in ausreichender Menge verfügbar und lebende Tiere sind zudem aus Gründen des Tierwohls nur eingeschränkt zu verwenden. Simulationsmodelle (Modelle von Organismen / Körperteilen) können hier Abhilfe schaffen. Kommerziell erhältliche Modelle sind sehr kostenintensiv und für die Tiermedizin noch nicht flächendeckend erhältlich. Zunehmend werden selbst entwickelte low-fidelity Modelle in der Tiermedizin verwendet. Aufgrund des Mangels an publizierten Daten zu ihrem Einsatz besteht intensiver Forschungsbedarf. Ziele der Untersuchungen In dieser Arbeit sollte untersucht werden, ob einfache, selbst entwickelte Simulationsmodelle (low-fidelity Modelle) erfolgreich in der Lehre eingesetzt werden können. Dazu wurden zwei selbst entwickelte und gebaute Simulationsmodelle evaluiert (Studie 1) und ihr Einsatz in Kombination mit anderen Lehrmedien untersucht (Studie 2). Materialien und Methoden In Studie 1 wurden zwei low-fidelity Modelle zur kaninen Intubation und Katheterisierung entwickelt und evaluiert. Es wurde ein Studiendesign genutzt, das die erworbenen Fertigkeiten zweier Übungsgruppen und einer Kontrollgruppe in einer praktischen Prüfung (OSCE = objective structured clinical examination) am toten Hund vergleicht. Achtundfünfzig Studierende (4. FS) erhielten eine theoretische Einführung zur Intubation und wurden randomisiert auf drei Gruppen aufgeteilt. Gruppe 1 (high-fidelity) übte am kommerziell erhältlichen Intubation Training Manikin, Gruppe 2 (low-fidelity) am entwickelten low-fidelity Modell und die Textgruppe las einen Text, der die Intubation beim Hund beschreibt. Siebenundvierzig Studierende (10. FS) durchliefen dasselbe Studiendesign zum Thema Katheterisierung der Hündin. Sie nutzten das kommerziell erhältliche Female Urinary Catheter Training Manikin, das selbst entwickelte low-fidelity Modell und Lehrtexte. In Studie 2 wurde die Vermittlung zweier spezifischer Fertigkeiten mit Hilfe von Potcasts und Simulationstraining evaluiert. Zwei anleitende Potcasts zu Intubation und Katheterisierung und die oben beschriebenen Modelle wurden innerhalb eines crossover-Studiendesigns genutzt. In dieser Studie sind Potcasts audio-visuell aufbereitete Animationen mit Schritt für Schritt – Anleitungen und Informationen. Die erworbenen praktischen Fertigkeiten zweier Übungsgruppen, die sich in der Art der theoretischen Vorbereitung unterschieden, wurden in einer praktischen Prüfung (OSCE) am toten Hund verglichen. Ein Fragebogen erfasste das Feedback der Teilnehmer. Sechzig Studierende (2. FS) wurden randomisiert auf eine Potcast- und eine Textgruppe aufgeteilt. Die Potcastgruppe sah sich das anleitende Potcast an, die Textgruppe bereitete sich anhand eines Lehrtextes vor. Im Anschluss hatten beide Gruppen separate Übungseinheiten an den low-fidelity Modellen ohne Betreuung durch Lehrende. Ergebnisse In Studie 1 schnitten alle Übungsgruppen signifikant besser ab als die Textgruppen. Gruppe 1 (high-fidelity) und Gruppe 2 (low-fidelity) unterschieden sich weder bei der Intubation noch bei der Katheterisierung signifikant in ihren Leistungen. In Studie 2 schnitt die Potcastgruppe beim Thema Intubation signifikant besser ab als die Textgruppe, beim Thema Katheterisierung ergaben sich keine signifikanten Unterschiede. Insgesamt hatte das Simulationstraining den Studierenden Spaß gemacht, das Lernen ohne Betreuer wurde jedoch als Herausforderung empfunden. Schlussfolgerungen Es ist davon auszugehen, dass low-fidelity Modelle genauso geeignet für das Training klinischer Fertigkeiten sein können wie high-fidelity Modelle. Das Training klinischer Fertigkeiten mit Hilfe von Potcasts und low-fidelity Modellen sollte durch Betreuer ergänzt werden, anstatt als alleiniges Lehrmedium für Studierende des ersten Studienjahres Verwendung zu finden. Eigenständiges Lernen klinischer Fertigkeiten, angeleitet durch Potcasts bietet eine Möglichkeit für vertiefendes und wiederholendes Training höherer Semester. Der Einsatz von Simulationsmodellen in der veterinärmedizinischen Ausbildung wächst seit wenigen Jahren stetig. Diese Arbeit leistet einen zeitgerechten Beitrag bei der Evaluierung von Simulationstraining. / Introduction Students of veterinary medicine are expected to acquire various practical skills in addition to a wide range of theoretical knowledge. There is a strong demand for training opportunities, as every individual learns and acquires practical skills at individual pace. For reasons of animal welfare concerns and availability, live animals and cadavers cannot always be used for clinical skills training. Simulation models, which are models of organisms or body parts can be a considerable alternative for clinical skills training. Models that are commercially produced often have a high price and are not available for all skills. Self-made models are increasingly used in veterinary education. Because there is few published data regarding their use, more scientific research is required. Aims of the Investigation The objective of this study was to determine, if self-made low-fidelity models can be successfully used in veterinary medical education. For this purpose, two self-made low-fidelity models were evaluated (study 1) and their use in combination with other teaching tools was analyzed (study 2). Materials and Methods In study 1, two self-made low-fidelity models for simulation of canine intubation and canine female urinary catheterization were developed and evaluated. We used a study design that compares acquired skills of two intervention groups and one control group in a practical examination (OSCE = objective structured clinical examination). Fifty-eight second-year veterinary medicine students received a theoretical introduction to intubation and were randomly divided into three groups. Group 1 (high-fidelity) was then trained on a commercially available Intubation Training Manikin, group 2 (low-fidelity) was trained on our low-fidelity model, and the text group read a text describing intubation of the dog. Forty-seven fifth-year veterinary medicine students followed the same procedure for training urinary catheterization using the commercially available Female Urinary Catheter Training Manikin, our self-made model, and text. Outcomes were assessed in a practical examination on a cadaver using an OSCE checklist. In study 2 we evaluated the teaching of two specific clinical skills using potcasts and low-fidelity simulation training. Two instructional potcasts describing intubation and catheterization and both low-fidelity models described above were used. In our study, potcasts are audio-visual animations that provide the learner with step by step information and instruction on a clinical skill. We used a crossover study design and compared the acquired practical skills of two intervention groups after a different theoretical preparation. A survey captured the participants’ feedback. Sixty first year veterinary medicine students were randomly allocated to two groups, a potcast group and a text group. The potcast group watched a potcast while the text group read an instructional text for preparation. Then both groups had separate self-directed training sessions on low-fidelity models. Outcomes were assessed in practical examinations on a cadaver using an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) checklist. Results In study 1 all intervention groups performed significantly better than the text groups. Group I (high-fidelity) and group II (low-fidelity) for both intubation and catheterization showed no significant differences. In study 2 the potcast group performed significantly better than the text group in study intubation but no significant differences were observed in study catheterization. Overall, participants enjoyed clinical skills training but experienced self-directed learning as challenging. Conclusion Low-fidelity models can be as effective as high-fidelity models for clinical skills training. Clinical skills training using potcasts and self-directed low-fidelity simulation training should be complemented by supervisor or peer instruction rather than used as exclusive tool for teaching first year veterinary students. We assume though, that self-directed learning instructed by our potcasts can be a valuable chance for deepening and repetitive training of higher semesters. The use of simulation models in veterinary education has been consistently increasing in the past few years. This study is an important, timely contribution to the evaluation of simulation based education.

Telemedizin ist der Einsatz von Telekommunikation und Informatik, um medizinische Dienstleistungen zu erbringen oder zu unterstützen, wenn die Teilnehmer räumlich getrennt sind. Die einzelnen telemedizinischen Anwendungen sind im Vordringen begriffen. Telemedizin ist allerdings kein eigenes Fachgebiet, sondern eine Methode, herkömmliche medizinische Maßnahmen zu unterstützen und zu verbessern. Da die Teilnehmer telemedizinischer Anwendungen nicht am selben Ort und zur selben Zeit agieren müssen, ist Telemedizin prädestiniert für die Überwindung der Sektorierung des Gesundheitssystems. Telemedizin kann insbesondere Rationalisierungsreserven mobilisieren und medizinische Dienstleistungen effektiver und effizienter gestalten. Ungeachtet dessen gibt es fünf Problemfelder, die beobachtet und weiter entwickelt werden müssen, um Telemedizin auch für die Zukunft möglich zu machen: Die unterschiedlichen Kommunikationsstandards müssen harmonisiert werden, damit der Datenfluß zwischen den Teilnehmer optimiert werden kann. Krankenkassen und Leistungserbringer müssen gemeinsam eine solide Basis für die Finanzierung derjenigen telemedizinischen Dienstleistungen etablieren, die dem Stand der wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnis entsprechen. Telemedizin mit Auslandsbeteiligung zieht in der Regel haftungsrechtliche Kollisionen nach sich, die von den Teilnehmern durch eine Rechtswahl- und eine Gerichsstandsvereinbarung vermieden werden können. Die sozialrechtlichen Möglichkeiten, insbesondere solche, Praxisnetze zu bilden, müssen noch in Einklang mit den berufsrechtlichen Vorgaben gebracht werden, da diese einer überörtlichen Leistungserbringergemeinschaft und einer entsprechenden Information des Patienten zum Teil noch im Weg stehen.Die durch die Telemedizin neu entstehenden Möglichkeiten der Kommunikation müssen durch zusätzliche Maßnahmen für Datenschutz und Datensicherheit flankiert werden. Insbesondere bei Datenübertragungen ins Ausland sollten sich die Teilnehmer durch eine gesonderte Einwilligung des Patienten in diesen Datenfluß absichern. / Telemedicine is the use of information and telecommunication technologies to provide and support health care when distance separates the participants. The single uses of telemedicine are growing in quality and quantity. Telemedicine, however, is not a medical field of its own, but a tool that can be used in most fields of medicine to enhance and support communication procedures. Since the participants must not act at the same time and at the same venue, telemedicine is bound to overcome the sectoral boundaries in a health system, which is separated in an outpatient and an inpatient world. Telemedicine can help to mobilise the health systems rationalisation potential and make procedures more effective and more efficient. There still are five tasks that have to be observed and to be solved, to make telemedicine possible in the future: Harmonisation of communicational standards must progress to optimise communication between the participants. Health insurance funds and medical persons must cooperate to insure a solid basis of financing for telemedicinal procedures that are state of the art. Participants of cross-border telemedicine must be aware of colliding laws and are well advised to agree upon the law to be applied and the court in charge. The professional law for doctors in Germany must be reconciled with the managed care concepts of practice networks that are legally permissible in terms of social law. Data protection and data security must be ensured under the new conditions of telemedicine. Especially cross-border data flow should be based on the informed consent of the patient involved

科学研究費補助金 研究種目:基盤研究(C)(2) 課題番号:10610469 研究代表者:松岡 光治 研究期間:1998-1999年度

Die 20. Tagung der Gemeinschaften in Neuen Medien (GeNeMe) stellt innovative Technologien und Prozesse zur Organisation, Kooperation und Kommunikation in virtuellen Gemeinschaften vor und bildet ein Forum zum fachlichen Austausch insbesondere in den Themenfeldern Wissensmanagement und E-Learning. Diskutiert werden nicht nur technologische oder ökonomische Gesichtspunkte der Nutzung neuer Medien, vielmehr werden auch soziologische, psychologische, personalwirtschaftliche, didaktische und rechtliche Aspekte betrachtet. Die GeNeMe richtet sich an Experten aus Forschung und Industrie und sucht den Erfahrungsaustausch zwischen Teilnehmern verschiedenster Fachrichtungen, Organisationen und Institutionen aus Wirtschaft und Verwaltung. Die aktuell diskutierten digitalen Transformationsprozesse (Industrie 4.0, IoT) prägen die GeNeMe 2017. Im Fokus stehen Innovation und Forschung, Methoden und Werkzeuge zur digitalen Abbildung wissens-intensiver Zusammenarbeit in zunehmend heterogener werdenden Gemeinschaften (augmented knowledge communities). Weitere Impulse kommen aus den Themenfeldern der Wissensvisualisierung und der Wissensarchitektur. Neben den informatischen und medientechnologischen Analysen findet auch die Praxis der (organisationalen) Wissensintegration, sei es durch Wissensmanagement, Lern- oder Bildungsprozesse, Beachtung. Die GeNeMe 2017 lädt Referenten und Gäste ein, die Trends aus der Praxis in den Blick zu nehmen und zu analysieren. Insgesamt bestimmen unsere Antworten auf offene Fragen mehr denn je, wie sich professionelles und privates Handeln gestalten lässt. Die weiterhin zunehmende Mobilität moderner multimedialer Systeme wie Smartphones und Tablets erschließt auch den letzten Bereich, eine hohe Verfügbarkeit bzw. Immersion sind die Folge. [... aus der Einleitung] / The 20th Communities in New Media (GeNeMe) Conference presents innovative technologies and processes for the organization, cooperation, and communication in virtual communities. It is a forum for professional exchange especially in the fields of knowledge management and online learning. The conference focuses not only on technological and economic aspects of the use of new media, but takes a closer look at sociological, psychological, economic, didactic, and legal facets as well. GeNeMe is geared towards experts from research and industry. It is designed to promote practical and scholarly insights among participants from various disciplines, organizations, and institutions from academia, business and administration. The currently discussed digital transformation processes (Industry 4.0, IoT) are the most prominent topics of the GeNeMe 2017. The focus lays on innovation and research, constituting pivotal methods and tools for digitally mapping knowledge-intensive cooperation in increasingly heterogeneous communities (augmented knowledge communities). The fields of knowledge visualization and knowledge-based architecture provide additional stimuli. In addition to the informal and media-technological analyses, the practice of (organizational) knowledge integration, whether through knowledge management, learning or education processes, is also considered. The GeNeMe 2017 invites speakers and guests to take a closer look at current trends. Overall, our answers to outstanding questions determine more than ever how professional and private action can be shaped. The ever-increasing mobility of modern multi-media systems such as smartphones and tablets technologizes every part of life, resulting in high availability and / or immersion. [... from the introduction]