Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant burden in contemporary society due to an aging population, unhealthy dietary choices and an increasingly sedentary lifestyle. While the underlying defects for many hereditary forms of CRC have been determined, many genetic and epigenetic changes promoting common sporadic CRCs have yet to be identified. The Mutated in Colorectal Cancer (MCC) gene, identified in 1991, was initially thought to be responsible for the hereditary form of CRC, familial adenomatous polyposis, before the discovery of the susceptibility gene Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC), which then became the focus of intense research. Recent data, however, suggests that MCC may also be important in the development of CRC. I have investigated the mechanism of MCC gene silencing, the putative structure, and multiple functions of MCC. MCC was frequently silenced by promoter hypermethylation in CRC cell lines and primary tumours. MCC methylation showed strong molecular and clinicopathological associations with hallmarks of the serrated neoplasia pathway. Furthermore, MCC methylation was more frequent in serrated precursor lesions compared with adenomas, thus occurring early during carcinogenesis. MCC is highly conserved in complex multicellular organisms. Re-introduction of MCC in CRC cell lines resulted in partial G1 to S phase, and G2/M phase cell cycle blocks, potentially by upregulating cell cycle inhibitor gene transcription and interfering with the process of mitotic checkpoints and division, respectively. Changes in MCC levels also modulated NF?B pathway signalling, the pathway required for maintaining cell viability and proliferation in colonic epithelial cells. In particular, MCC overexpression suppressed both TNF? and LPS-induced NF?B activation, decreasing both the magnitude and rate of cellular responses. Overexpression also resulted in downregulation of proteins involved in canonical NF?B pathway signalling, while increasing the transcription of non-canonical NF?B genes. Therefore, MCC may direct activation of this pathway to a specific subset of NF?B-regulated genes. These data provide a molecular basis for the role of MCC as a tumour suppressor gene in CRC. MCC may have multiple functions, regulating cell cycle progression and modulating NF?B pathway signalling, either through direct involvement in pathway signalling cascades, or by providing a scaffold on which signalling events can occur.

ABSTRACT The morphological premalignant changes in prostate epithelium such as high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) precede invasive prostate cancer (PC) by several decades. The overall aim of this project was to identify patterns of gene expression in HGPIN and early PC which increase our understanding of the early biology of PC and identify genes and pathways that correlate with an aggressive phenotype. A comprehensive tissue cohort of premalignant prostate lesions was collected in a tissue microarray (TMA) platform that was utilised for high-throughput validation of target genes. Using this unique resource, the expression of the tumour suppressor gene PTEN was assessed using immunohistochemistry in an initial candidate gene approach based on mouse models implicating PTEN in carcinogenesis. No significant difference in expression of PTEN was detected in premalignant and benign epithelium. A transcript profiling approach was undertaken by integrating laser capture microdissection, linear RNA amplification and oligonucleotide microarrays to perform a screen of matched patient samples of normal, HGPIN and PC cells. The expression patterns of two genes encoding secreted proteins, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and macrophage inhibitory cytokine (MIC-1) were validated using immunohistochemistry on TMAs representing the progression model of early PC. Increased expression of these proteins in PC was confirmed to occur early in the disease process and altered expression of NPY and MIC-1 was associated with worse clinical outcome. Further analysis of global gene expression patterns using a structured network knowledge base identified a notable aberration in the expression of extracellular matrix and extracellular matrix associated proteins in HGPIN and provided novel evidence for the role of this class of molecules in the development of PC. In summary, contrary to current dogma based on work in animal models, altered PTEN expression is unlikely to represent an important event in the development of malignancy in the human prostate. In contrast, the expression patterns and prognostic value of NPY and MIC-1 in HGPIN support their further evaluation as biomarkers for the development and progression of PC. The aberrant expression of genes and networks of genes detected in HGPIN will assist in further identification of biological pathways which may be targeted in therapeutic strategies against the development and progression of PC.

ABSTRACT The morphological premalignant changes in prostate epithelium such as high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) precede invasive prostate cancer (PC) by several decades. The overall aim of this project was to identify patterns of gene expression in HGPIN and early PC which increase our understanding of the early biology of PC and identify genes and pathways that correlate with an aggressive phenotype. A comprehensive tissue cohort of premalignant prostate lesions was collected in a tissue microarray (TMA) platform that was utilised for high-throughput validation of target genes. Using this unique resource, the expression of the tumour suppressor gene PTEN was assessed using immunohistochemistry in an initial candidate gene approach based on mouse models implicating PTEN in carcinogenesis. No significant difference in expression of PTEN was detected in premalignant and benign epithelium. A transcript profiling approach was undertaken by integrating laser capture microdissection, linear RNA amplification and oligonucleotide microarrays to perform a screen of matched patient samples of normal, HGPIN and PC cells. The expression patterns of two genes encoding secreted proteins, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and macrophage inhibitory cytokine (MIC-1) were validated using immunohistochemistry on TMAs representing the progression model of early PC. Increased expression of these proteins in PC was confirmed to occur early in the disease process and altered expression of NPY and MIC-1 was associated with worse clinical outcome. Further analysis of global gene expression patterns using a structured network knowledge base identified a notable aberration in the expression of extracellular matrix and extracellular matrix associated proteins in HGPIN and provided novel evidence for the role of this class of molecules in the development of PC. In summary, contrary to current dogma based on work in animal models, altered PTEN expression is unlikely to represent an important event in the development of malignancy in the human prostate. In contrast, the expression patterns and prognostic value of NPY and MIC-1 in HGPIN support their further evaluation as biomarkers for the development and progression of PC. The aberrant expression of genes and networks of genes detected in HGPIN will assist in further identification of biological pathways which may be targeted in therapeutic strategies against the development and progression of PC.

Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:19:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2000-11-06T00:00:00Z / Para facilitar a consulta e a evolução da argumentação, o trabalho está estruturado em três grandes partes. A primeira delas discute a origem do Terceiro Setor - suas especificidades históricas e seus desafios - no Brasil e em outros países. Também distingue os vários conceitos veiculados pelo Terceiro Setor, como: parcerias sociais, responsabilidade social, filantropia corporativa, cidadania empresarial, e marketing social e os efeitos dessas nomenclaturas. 3 Ilustrando a discussão, a segunda parte descreve e analisa a experiência da Casa Ronald McDonald, no Rio de Janeiro, que é fruto de um complexo sistema de parcerias intersetores, ou seja, do sistema fast-food McDonald's, uma empresa privada global; da Associação de Apoio à Criança com Neoplasia, um grupo da sociedade civil; e do Instituto Nacional do Câncer, um órgão governamental. A história da iniciativa, seus valores e seus impactos são abordados sob as várias perspectivas de colaboração. A terceira parte é instrumental para gestores de parceiras intersetoriais. O objetivo é o de confrontar as os modelos de gestão das empreitadas sociais às políticas praticadas por instituições multilaterais e pela iniciativa privada. Dois conceitos chave entram nessa discussão; eficiência e inovação e como a aplicação desses conceitos pode mudar os destinos do Terceiro Setor.

Para citação, referenciar também o artigo: A prevalência de lesões intra-epiteliais de baixo e alto grau em mulheres com diagnóstico colpocitológico de atipias de significado indeterminado no município de Maceió, Alagoas (http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/6151) conforme determinação da orientadora. / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:49:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-03-31 / Introdução: O exame colpocitológico pelo método de Papanicolaou permite a detecção precoce de lesões precursoras de neoplasias do colo uterino e alterações citopáticas, priorizando as mulheres de maior risco, garantindo diagnóstico, tratamento e seguimento adequados. Objetivos: Determinar a prevalência de lesões intra-epiteliais de baixo e alto grau em mulheres com diagnóstico colpocitológico de atipias de significado indeterminado no município de Maceió, Alagoas; conhecer a influência da idade (em anos completos) e os agentes etiológicos para doenças sexualmente transmissíveis para o risco de desenvolvimento das lesões e intra-epiteliais de alto grau em mulheres com diagnóstico colpocitológico de atipias de significado indeterminado. Método: Estudo transversal de prevalência realizado no Posto de Atendimento Médico Salgadinho; Bloco de Atenção à Saúde da Mulher Maceió, Alagoas. Foram estudados 253 prontuários de mulheres com diagnóstico colpocitológico de atipias de significado indeterminado no período de um ano. Resultados: A prevalência de lesões intraepiteliais foi de 23,7% (60 casos): 14 casos com lesão de baixo grau, (26,7%) e 46 com lesão de alto grau ou carcinoma (73,3%). Conclusões: A prevalência de lesões intra-epiteliais de alto grau em mulheres com diagnóstico colpocitológico de atipias de significado indeterminado foi elevada, o aumento do risco para o desenvolvimento das lesões foi proporcional ao aumento da idade e observou-se maior percentual de mulheres infectadas com o papilomavirus entre as portadoras de lesões de baixo grau. / Introduction: The cervical cytology by the Papanicolaou method allows early detection of precursor lesions of cervical cancers and cytopathic changes, giving priority to women at greatest risk, providing diagnosis, treatment and follow-up with. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of squamous intraepithelial lesions of low and high grade in women with Pap smear diagnosis of atypical cells of undetermined significance in the city of Maceió, Alagoas, to determine the influence of age (in years) and the etiologic agents for STDs the risk of development of lesions and intraepithelial high-grade in women diagnosed with cervical cytology of atypical cells of undetermined significance. Method: A cross-sectional prevalence Tour held at the Health Care Salgadinho; Block Health Care of Women Maceió, Alagoas. We studied records of 253 women with Pap smear diagnosis of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance in the period of one year. Results: The prevalence of intraepithelial lesions was 23.7% (60 cases): 14 cases with low-grade lesion, (26.7%) and 46 with injuries to top grade or carcinoma (73.3%). Conclusions: The prevalence of squamous intraepithelial lesions of high grade in women diagnosed with cervical cytology of atypical cells of undetermined significance was high, increasing the risk for the development of lesions was proportional to increasing age and there was a higher percentage of women infected with papillomavirus among the carriers with low-grade lesion. / TEDE / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações

Introdução: o carcinoma epidermoide invasor (CE) de vulva é uma doença rara, que corresponde a cerca de 3-5% dos tumores malignos do trato genital feminino e a 90% de todas as neoplasias malignas primárias da vulva. Existem duas vias para o desenvolvimento de neoplasias intraepiteliais (NIV) e CE vulvar: uma via não relacionada ao papilomavírus humano (HPV) e outra relacionada ao HPV, com características clínicas, patológicas e epidemiológicas distintas. Objetivos: estudar as duas vias da carcinogênese vulvar, realizando correlação da expressão imunohistoquímica do p53 com a histologia. Métodos: foi realizado estudo do tipo casocontrole com 76 casos. Esses foram reclassificados conforme a terminologia da Sociedade Internacional para o Estudo das Doenças Vulvares (ISSVD, 2004), tendo sido realizada imuno-histoquímica para p53 e revisão de dados clínicos. Resultados: foram identificados 26 casos normais, 15 casos da via associada ao HPV (12 de NIV usual; 3 de CE condilomatoso) e 13 da via não associada ao HPV (5 de NIV diferenciada; 8 de CE queratinizante). A expressão do p53 nas vias carcinogênicas apresentou diferenças significativas: na via não associada ao HPV o p53 apresentou maior percentagem de células coradas (>25%, p<0,001), padrão basal com extensão ao terço médio para as NIV diferenciadas e difuso ou infiltrativo para os CE (p<0,001). A via carcinogênica associada ao HPV apresentou marcação de p53 menos extensa (até 10% das células, p<0,001), com padrão basal para as NIV usuais, sendo negativo para p53nos CE condilomatosos (p<0,001). Encontramos diferenças entre as idades (p<0,05), sendo que as pacientes da via não associada ao HPV apresentaram média de 66 anos e as da via associada, média de 44 anos. Conclusão: existe um padrão característico, baseado na histologia e expressão do p53, que separa as lesões vulvares em duas vias carcinogênicas distintas. O uso rotineiro de imuno-histoquímica para o p53 simultânea ao diagnóstico histológico em todos os casos de NIV e CE vulvar poderá auxiliar na definição da via carcinogênica, permitindo um melhor acompanhamento clínico das pacientes. / Introduction: The squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva is a rare disease, which accounts for about 3-5 % of malignant tumors of the female genital tract and 90 % of all primary neoplasms of the vulva. There are two pathways for the development of intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) and vulvar squamous cell carcinoma: a pathway unrelated to human papillomavirus (HPV) and other HPV-related, with significant differences in clinical, pathological and epidemiological aspects. Objectives: To study the two pathways of vulvar carcinogenesis, correlating the results of p53 with histology. Methods: A retrospective case-control with 76 cases. These were reclassified according to the terminology of the International Society for the Study of Vulvar Diseases (ISSVD, 2004). Was performed immunohistochemistry for p53 and review of clinical data. Results: We identified 26 normal cases, 15 cases of HPVrelated pathway (12 usual VIN; 3 warty squamous carcinoma) and 13 not related with HPV (5 differentiated VIN; 8 keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma). The p53 showed significant differences: in cases related to HPV p53 showed a higher percentage of stained cells (> 25 %, p<0.001 ), basal pattern extending to the middle third to the differentiated VIN and diffuse or infiltrative for keratinizing carcinoma (p< 0.001). The p53 in HPV-related cases was less extensive (up to 10 % of the cells, p<0.001), with a basal pattern for usual VIN and negative pattern for warty carcinoma (p< 0.001). We found significant differences between age groups, with the group of patients with HPV-related average of 44 years and the patients in the group unrelated to HPV average of 66 years. Conclusion: There is a characteristic pattern, based on the results of histology and p53, which separates the vulvar lesions in two distinct carcinogenic pathways. We propose the routine use of p53 simultaneously to histological diagnosis in all cases of VIN and vulvar squamous cell carcinoma, as this would assist in defining the carcinogenic pathway allowing better monitoring of the patient.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T13:46:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliana Rodrigues Tovar.pdf: 1741530 bytes, checksum: 913d2b256e4e2c979121377774357410 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-27 / Introdução: A cirurgia conservadora já é considerada procedimento de escolha quando a mulher é acometida por um tumor em estágio inicial. Em consequência desta conservação do tecido mamário, a recorrência local do câncer é uma crescente preocupação. Objetivos: Descrever o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico das mulheres com recidiva local do câncer de mama, submetidas à cirurgia conservadora no Hospital Santa Rita de Cássia/Afecc, Vitória- ES, cadastradas no período de Janeiro de 2000 a Dezembro de 2010, examinar a associação entre as variáveis clínicas e sociodemográficas e a incidência de recidiva local e analisar a sobrevida livre da recidiva local dessas mulheres. Metodologia: Foram realizados dois estudos: o primeiro trata-se de um estudo de coorte retrospectiva e o segundo refere-se a um estudo de sobrevida com a utilização de dados secundários. A amostra compôs-se por 880 casos de mulheres com diagnóstico de câncer de mama e atendidas no Hospital Santa Rita de Cássia/Afecc. Utilizou-se o método Kaplan-Meier e o modelo multivariado de riscos proporcionais de Cox, enquanto testou-se a significância estatística pelo método log-rank. Resultados: A recidiva ocorreu em 60 pacientes (6,8%) e a média do tempo entre a cirurgia e a recidiva de 35,5 meses. Na análise multivariada do estudo de sobrevida livre de recidiva local, identificou-se relação de risco para a faixa etária até 39 anos (p=0,083 e HR=6,19), comprometimento positivo das margens cirúrgicas (p=0,001 e HR= 3,49) e Her-2 positivo (P=0,033 e HR=1,89). Conclusões: A seleção de cada paciente para a conduta mais adequada deve ser feita cuidadosamente, de forma a estabelecer as principais características sociodemográficas e clínicas que possam auxiliar na escolha do melhor tratamento. Do mesmo modo, a escolha da melhor técnica cirúrgica é fundamental no sentido de reduzir os gastos com tratamentos de resgate e diminuir o sofrimento físico e psicológico da mulher / Introduction: Conservative surgery is now considered the procedure of choice when a woman is affected by a tumor at an early stage. As a consequence of conservation of breast tissue, the local recurrence of cancer is a growing concern. Objectives: To describe the sociodemographic and clinical profiles of women with local recurrence of breast cancer, undergoing conservative surgery Santa Rita Hospital in Vitória, Espírito Santo State, Brazil, from January 2000 to December 2010, to examine the association between clinical and sociodemographic and the incidence of local recurrence and analyze local recurrence-free survival of these women. Method: Two studies were performed: the first one is a retrospective cohort study and the second refers to a survival study using secondary data. The sample consisted of 880 women. To estimate the survival period in general and by stratum, the Kaplan Meyer method was employed. The independent effect of variables was checked by Cox/ s model of multivariate proportional risk, while statistical significance was tested through the log-rank method Results: The breast recurrence occurred in 60 patients (6,8%) and the average time between surgery and recurrence of 35,5 months. In multivariate analysis, we identified hazard ratio for the age group up to 39 years (p=0.083 and HR=6.19), positive surgical margin involvement (p = 0.001 and HR = 3.49) and Her-2 positive (p=0.033 and HR=1.89). Conclusions: The selection of each patient to the most appropriate management must be done carefully in order to establish the main sociodemographic and clinical characteristics that might help to choose the best treatment. Similarly, the choice of the best surgical technique is essential to reduce spending on treatments rescue and decrease the psychological suffering of the patient

Submitted by Fabrizio Grandi (fgrandivet@gmail.com) on 2016-03-10T14:56:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Doutorado.pdf: 5138229 bytes, checksum: cf3859209f1985d48832ef7e89af5b94 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Manzano de Almeida (smanzano@marilia.unesp.br) on 2016-03-10T17:08:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 grandi_f_dr_bot.pdf: 5138229 bytes, checksum: cf3859209f1985d48832ef7e89af5b94 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-10T17:08:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 grandi_f_dr_bot.pdf: 5138229 bytes, checksum: cf3859209f1985d48832ef7e89af5b94 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-29 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / O tumor venéreo transmissível (TVT) canino é uma neoplasia transplantável, considerada um alo-enxerto. Entretanto, pouco se sabe a respeito da origem e processo de cacinogênese. Atualmente, postula-se que alguns tumores originem-se de células iniciadoras tumorais, classicamente descritas nas leucemias mielóide humanas. As características intrínsecas do TVT fornecem indícios de uma possível participação de células iniciadores tumorais no processo de carcinogênese nesse tumor. Foi realizado estudo de fenotipagem do TVT canino para avaliar a marcação das proteínas CD44, CD133, CD90 e CD34, comumente associadas ao potencial iniciador tumoral. Para tanto utilizou-se a citometria de fluxo, imuno-histoquímica e RTq-PCR. Foram analisados também as frações de crescimento pelo Ki-67) e o número de células em apoptose pela caspase-3 clivada. Trinta e oito amostras de TVT foram obtidas de pacientes sem tratamento quimioterápico prévio. As amostras foram classificadas em plasmocitóide ou mistas, de acordo com o subtipo citológico; as células positivas na citometria de fluxo foram representadas em termos percentuais para os marcadores CD44, CD34, CD90 e CD133; a fração de crescimento foi representada pela técnica do H-Score; a quantidade de células apoptóticas foi representada pelo somatório de células positivas para a caspase-3 clivada; as imuno-marcações das proteínas CD44 e CD34 foram representadas por escores semi-quantitativos baseados na intensidade e percentual de células positivas; as expressões de RNAm foram calculadas em termos relativos; ainda, os pacientes foram divididos em grupos resistente e não resistente e comparados quanto a expressão dos marcadores de células iniciadoras supracitados. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os marcadores e os grupos citológicos plasmocitóide e misto; o percentual de células CD44+ comumente foi superior a 90%, enquanto que o percentual de células CD34+, menor que 0,5%; o percentual de células CD90+ e CD133+ variou amplamente; houve uma tendência em termos de diferença estatística entre os grupos quimiorresistente e não resistente; houve correlação forte entre o percentual de células CD133+ e CD90+ na citometria de fluxo. O estudo permitiu verificar diferentes níveis de expressão protéica e gênica nas amostras de TVT canino; ainda, os grupos citológicos aparentam não possuir diferenças com relação a expressão dos marcadores CD44, CD90, CD133 e CD34; os grupos quimiorresistentes e não-resistentes parecem diferir com relação a expressão dos marcadores de células iniciadoras tumorais. / The canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) is a transplantable neoplasia considered an allograft. Information about the origin and carcinogenesis process is scarcely known. Currently, some neoplasms are believed to arise from a tumor-initiating cell (TIC´s) classically described in human myeloid leukemia. TVT intrinsic characteristics provide evidence of a possible TIC´s participation in carcinogenesis process of this malignancy. Thus, a phenotyping study of CTVT was conducted to assess the immunophenotyping properties of the proteins CD44, CD133, CD90 and CD34, already known to be associated to tumor initiator potential. The use of flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry contributed to this purpose. In addition, growth fractions and cells undergoing apoptosis were examined by Ki-67 and caspase-3 cleaved, respectively. Thirty-eight samples were chosen from patients having no previous chemotherapy and cytological diagnosis of CTVT. Samples were classified into plasmacytoid or mixed according to cytological subtype. Positive cells in the flow cytometry were expressed in percentage for the markers CD44, CD34, CD90 and CD133. H-score technique helped to represent growth fractions. Apoptotic cell quantity was calculated by summing positive cells. Immunohistochemical marking of CD44 and CD34 proteins were determined by semiquantitative scores based on the intensity and percentage of positive cells. Moreover, specimens were divided into resistant and non-resistant groups and compared according cell marker expressions cited before. No significant differences appeared between the markers, and cytological plasmacytoid and mixed groups. The CD44 + cells and CD34 + percentages showed up high and low values, respectively. CD90 + and CD133 + cell percentages presented variable values. Amplitudes of the gene expression values among markers were similar to those observed in flow cytometry with a low expression of CD34, and a high expression of CD44. There was a positive statistical tendence between chemo-resistant and non-resistant groups, as well as a strong correlation between the percentage of CD133 + and CD90 + in flow cytometry. Besides, cytological groups apparently have no differences with the marker expression of CD44, CD90, CD133 and CD34. Resistant and non-resistant groups to chemotherapy seems to differ with respect to the marker expression of TIC´s.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-12-18Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:20:17Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 gerardi_dg_dr_jabo.pdf: 906206 bytes, checksum: 29e6a477f11cbcccee68cc2a21495f1a (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Tendo em vista a expressão da proteína associada à resistência a múltiplas drogas (MRP1), da enzima glutationa-S-transferase pi (GSTpi) e da proteína p53 com o desenvolvimento da resistência a múltiplas drogas (RMD) nas células neoplásicas, objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar a expressão desses três marcadores, pela imunoistoquímica, em 68 espécimes de neoplasias caninas, incluindo tumores venéreos transmissíveis (TVTC), mastocitomas, carcinomas mamários e de glândula hepatóides e linfomas. Os espécimes foram subdivididos em: TVT, Tumor venéreo transmissível (n=9); TVTR, TVTs resistentes à quimioterapia (n=5); MASTI, mastocitomas cutâneos grau I (n=8); MASTIII, mastocitomas cutâneos grau III (n=8); CARM, carcinomas mamários (n=14); CARH, carcinomas de glândulas hepatóides (n=8); LINFB, linfomas de células B (n=9); LINFT, linfomas de células T (n=7). Resultados mostraram que as expressões da MRP1, GSTpi e p53 foram observadas em 38 (55%), 43 (62,3%) e 50 (72,4%) espécimes, respectivamente. Em 27 (39,1%) espécimes houve coexpressão dos três marcadores. A expressão da MRP1, GSTpi e p53 isoladas ou associadas pôde ser observada em todos os grupos experimentais, exceto o grupo TVTC que não expressou a MRP1. A localização da marcação nas células tumorais foi citoplasmática para MRP1 e nuclear e/ou citoplasmática para a GSTpi e p53. Não foi observada diferença na expressão dos marcadores de resistência a quimioterapia em relação à resistência a quimioterapia (TVT e TVTR), gradação histológica (MASTI e III) e imunofenótipo (LINFB e T). Há relação direta entre o aumento da expressão da MRP1 e da GSTpi nos linfomas T. / Multidrug resistance in tumors involves the expression of multidrug resistance protein-1 MRP1, enzyme glutathione-S-transferase pi (GSTpi), and p53 protein. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the expression of these three markers, by immunohistochemistry, in neoplasic cells. Sixty-eight canine tumor samples, including transmissible venereal tumor (TVTC), cutaneous mast cell tumor, mammary carcinoma, hepatoid gland carcinoma, and lymphoma were studied. Samples were assigned into one of the following subgroups: TVT, transmissible venereal tumor (n=9); TVTR, chemoresistant TVT (n=5), MASTI, grade-I cutaneous mast cell tumor (n=8); MASTIII, grade-III cutaneous mast cell tumor (n=8); CARM, mammary carcinoma (n=14); CARH, hepatoid gland carcinoma (n=8); LINFB, B-cell lymphoma (n=9); LINFT, T-cell lymphoma (n=7). We observed that 38 (55%), 43 (62.3%), and 50 (72.4%) samples expressed MRP1, GSTpi, and p53, respectively. Co-expression of the three markers was present in 27 (39.1%) samples. Expression of MRP1, GSTpi, and p53 alone or associated could be observed in all experimental groups, except for TVT group which did not express MRP1. Staining in the tumor cells was cytoplasmatic to MRP1, and both nuclear and cytoplasmatic to GSTpi and p53. No significant difference in the expression of the markers could be observed with relation to chemoresistance (TVT and TVTR), histological grade (MASTI and MASTIII) and immunophenotype (LINFB and LINFT). A direct relation was present between the raise of the expression of MRP1 and GSTpi in T cells lymphoma.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-02-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:17:36Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 garrido_e_me_jabo.pdf: 641792 bytes, checksum: 829824f36db4fb3b8f0eadf83a175018 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / A osteopontina (OPN) é uma proteína produzida por diversas células e tem grande implicação com o desenvolvimento de tumores mamários e na disseminação de metástases em humanos. Em cães há poucos estudos envolvendo neoplasias e OPN. Neste trabalho objetiva-se determinar as concentrações de OPN sérica em cães sem a presença de tumores mamários (GC) ou com presença de carcinoma mamário ou carcinoma em tumor misto, com e sem metástase macro ou microscopicamente evidente. Utilizou-se o Ensaio Imunoenzimático Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), a partir do plasma colhido antes e após a ressecção cirúrgica do tumor, em animais com neoplasia, e apenas em um momento (basal) nos animais sadios. As informações do ensaio, assim como os dados histopatológicos, hematológico e de bioquímica sérica foram confrontadas e analisadas por análise de variância e teste de Tukey. Os cães do GC obtiveram média de OPN de 2499 ± 1159 ng/d, com amplitude de referência entre 4770 e 227 ng/dL. Os cães com presença de tumor, quando em um único grande grupo, obtiveram uma diminuição significativa nos níveis plasmáticos de OPN, quando avaliado a densidade óptica. Quando o grupo se subdivide, em função do tipo histológico e/ ou presença de metástases, os resultados não evidenciam diferenças significativas nos níveis plasmáticos de OPN entre os animais sadios e os animais com neoplasias metastáticas ou não. A análise de correlação também não apresentou nenhum resultado significativo com os dados hematológicos ou de bioquímica sérica. Nas condições de realização deste ensaio, infere-se que, ao contrário... / The osteopontin (OPN) is a protein produced by several cells and has extensive involvement with the development of mammary tumors and its spread through metastases in humans. In dogs there are no studies involving cancer and OPN. This study aimed to determine serum concentrations of OPN in dogs without the presence of mammary tumors (GC) and presence of carcinoma in breast or carcinoma in mixed tumor with or without metastasis macro or microscopically evident. We used immunoenzymatic assay Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) from plasma collected before and after surgical resection of the tumor, in animals with cancer, and only at a time (baseline) in healthy animals. The information of the test, and histopathological data, hematology and serum biochemistry were compared and analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey test. Dogs GC got an average of OPN in 2499 ± 1159 ng / d, with reference range between 227 and 4770 ng / dL. Dogs with the presence of tumor, when one large group, had a significant decrease in plasma levels of OPN, when determined by optical density. When the group is subdivided, according to the histological type and / or metastasis, the results showed no significant differences in serum levels of OPN between healthy animals and animals with metastases or not. The correlation analysis did not show any significant result with hematological or serum 4 biochemistry. We conclude that, contrarily to what is observed in humans, OPN does not appear important in the diagnosis or prognosis of breast neoplasm in dogs