Qualified registered nurses are needed to provide bedside care to patients, yet there is a known registered nurse shortage in the United States, which has a global impact on the healthcare industry. Contributing to the nursing shortage is turnover, which is partly due to the inadequacies of preparation for role transition of newly qualified registered nurses. The purpose of this quantitative descriptive study was to determine if there was a relationship between retention and nursing career satisfaction of registered nurses who experience a transition to practice program and those who did not. Duchscher's transition shock theory served as the theoretical basis of this study. The Mariani Nursing Career Satisfaction Scale and the Turnover Intention Scale were completed by 271 registered nurses with 24 months or less of bedside clinical practice. Data collected were analyzed by performing a one-way multivariate analysis of variance. Results revealed there was no statistically significant difference between those who did and those who did not have a transition to practice program on the combined dependent variables of nursing career satisfaction and retention. A positive linear relationship was found between nursing career satisfaction and retention. Retaining satisfied nurses and easing the burden associated with transitioning into practice can impact positive social change. The positive social change can also impact other healthcare professionals, businesses, and consumers who are associated with the newly qualified registered nurse who is transitioning into practice. Results from this study can inspire future researchers to continue to focus on seeking effective methods that will increase nursing career satisfaction and retention of newly qualified registered nurses transitioning into practice.

<p>I den här studien undersöks hur vägledning av nyanlända elever på grundskolan går till utifrån ett vägledarperspektiv. Undersökningen är förlagd till grundskolor i Stockholms stad som har förberedelseklasser på högstadienivå. Genom en kvalitativ metod har studie- och yrkesvägledare intervjuats om arbetssätt, syn på användande av tolk vid samtal och hur de själva ser på sina styrkor och svagheter som vägledare. Resultatet visar att i de flesta fall blir det samtal som är baserade på information istället för vägledning. Informationen handlar om IVIK och vägen dit. Vägledarna upplever att det finns svårigheter i samtalen som kan handla om okunskap om olika kulturer och om vägledarens egna fördomar. Resultatet visar dock att vägledarna anser sig ha många av de egenskaper som de tycker att en vägledare ska ha i samtal med nyanlända elever. Det är bland annat empati, vara bra på att lyssna och ha förmågan att visa respekt för alla elever oavsett bakgrund.</p>

<p>Denna uppsats syfte är att undersöka hur man arbetar med nyanlända elever i en förberedelseklass i en söderförort i Stockholm och hur detta stämmer överens med styrdokumenten och Skolverkets mål och riktlinjer för nyanlända elever. För att uppnå detta syfte har det gjorts två kvalitativa forskningsintervjuer med två förberedelseklass lärare varv en veckas strukturerad icke deltagande observationer i förberedelseklassen. Skolverket har format mål och riktlinjer för de nyanlända eleverna som ska fungera som en läroplan för dessa elever. Det har visat sig i studien att även om Skolverket säger att man ska ta hänsyn till varje nyanländ elevs bakgrund, tidigare erfarenhet, kunskap och språk är det inte lika lätt att göra detta i praktiken. Det har även framkommit att det är svårt att utgå från Skolverkets mål och riktlinjer när det gäller alla nyanlända elever eftersom eleverna i förberedelseklassen kommer från olika förhållanden. Huvudresultatet för studien är att man i den undersökta skolans förberedelseklass försöker följa Skolverkets mål och riktlinjer med de resurser som skolan har för att få det bästa resultatet. Man utgår även från att arbeta med den enskilda individen beroende på vad den har med sig för upplevelser från sitt hemland och beroende på vart den befinner sig i sin utveckling.</p>

<p>This paper aims to examine how the beginning of newly examined teacher’s professional life might look like and also highlight the obstacles that might occur during the induction, the time during which the student becomes the teacher. The paper also discusses what support that is available for newly examined teachers in schools concerning the possibility to have a mentor and a period of introduction.</p><p>A qualitative method was used for this study and interviews were made with new teachers who shared their experiences from the beginning of their careers. The results from the interviews were also discussed from the points of view of the study’s theories concerning different leadership styles.</p><p>Two handbooks for new teachers, aiming to support them in their new professional role were compared. Based on the leadership styles that this paper brings up, the two books were discussed whether or not their advice is beneficial to new teachers.</p><p>New teachers experience various problems during their induction. Great responsibility combined with many tasks, loneliness as a class teacher and conflict management are a few of the areas that the new teachers find difficult. As a new teacher you have the right to have a mentor during the first year of teaching and the teacher unions are working for an establishment of a year of introduction where you will be gradually introduced to the profession. The people in the study had all had a mentor but neither got a period of introduction but they were left with full responsibility from the start. The advice given by the handbooks give new teachers guidance, but should be considered as an inspiration and not definitive solutions since every situation is unique.</p>

The microcantilever (MC) has become a common transducer for chemical and biological sensing in gas phase and liquid phase during recent years. MC sensors provide superior mass sensitivity by converting weak chemical and biological stimuli into high mechanical response. Moreover, other advantages such as small size, low cost and array format have made MCs more attractive than other comparable sensors. Selectivity in MC sensors can be enhanced by creating a differentially functionalized MC array (MCA) with responsive phases (RPs). A well-designed array should incorporate RPs exhibiting a variety of possible interactions with the analytes, and a specific analyte should induce a distinctive response pattern demonstrated by the array. The first major division of the dissertation research work focused on enhancing selectivity of MC sensor by creating a differentiating MCA. The MCs within the array were nanostructured in a previously developed manner. A self-designed capillary array was set up to chemically functionalize different ligands onto individual MCs in an array for metal ion sensing in liquid phase. Another array was prepared by selectively vapor depositing different organic RPs onto nanostructured MCs and applied to landfill siloxane sensing in gas phase. Both of the arrays demonstrated response diversity to the target analytes. The second major division of the dissertation research work focused on developing a new method to modify MC surfaces with a function nanostructure. Aluminium oxide nanoparticles (AONP) were uniformly dispersed onto MC and a roughened surface with high surface area was achieved as stable sensor platform. Alkoxysilyl compounds were then grafted onto this platform as RPs. For demonstration, a MCA functionalized with three different alkoxysilanes was prepared for volatile organic compound sensing in gas phase. Additionally, another MCA was functionalized with anti-human immunoglobulin G and anti-biotin for bio-sensing in liquid phase. Both of the arrays were prepared with the aforementioned capillary array setup. Selective responses of specific analytes, as well as good sensitivity, were obtained from each type of AONP MCA.

This thesis is about the provisioning of development assistance, as a major component of foreign aid. Conventional approaches to the subject have tended to focus on the determinate interactions of discrete agents as the principle units of analysis. This necessarily obscures the functional role development assistance fulfills in relation to the global politico economic order, however. This study, by contrast, properly situates individual programs of development assistance as belonging to a much larger historical pattern, or system of coordinated politico-economic behavior. The objective, therefore, is to apprehend the systematic and functional interrelations existing (i) among the various agents engaged in the transfer of assistance, on the one hand, and (ii) between these institutions and organizations as an aggregate and the global order itself, on the other. ‘Regime analysis’ is utilized as the preferred method of analysis. The basis of the argument is that the regime for the provision of development assistance functions as a regulative-control mechanism, ancillary to the prevailing economic arrangements and relations within the global political economy. Altogether, I argue that regime apparatuses have been configured so as to (i) forestall cataclysmic instabilities in the global politico economic order, and (ii) to induce compliance among developing nations to the order’s organizing principles and-or logic. This is revealed in phases in the liberalization and-or illiberalization of access to external financing over different global-historical epochs and during periods and in contexts of either instability or stability. I find that during periods and in contexts of instability, development assistance has been initiated or expanded in geo-strategic ways so as to regenerate markets and, thereby, obviate, or thwart the anticipated metastasization of adversarial politico-economic organizational frameworks. During periods and in contexts of relative stability, conversely, I find that the provision of development assistance becomes contracted, or made less expansive, as well as increasingly driven by conditionalities. Consequently, the functioning of the regime structurally conditions the developmental orientations and prospects of peripheral nations and regions and, thereby, also contributes to the overall evolution of the global politico-economic order.

Introduction: The major symptoms of fibromyalgia have been shown to severely impact everyday activities. As a consequence, many women have problems remaining in a work role. Not being able to fulfil valued roles influences quality of life. Moreover, consequences in terms of high costs in compensation for reduced work ability are also of importance for society. Today, the number of young women diagnosed with fibromyalgia is increasing. Objectives: The general aim of this thesis was to increase and deepen knowledge of the life situation of women with fibromyalgia; to examine how to manage a work role when in constant pain, and especially the situation for newly-diagnosed women. Subjects and Methods: 278 women with longstanding pain were included. The thesis includes five different studies, two of them with a focus on the work situation, two with focus on young, newly-diagnosed women’s life situation, and one investigating time-use and activity patterns in working and non-working women with fibromyalgia. Methods used are a postal questionnaire, instruments commonly used in fibromyalgia, a diary, and interviews. Results: Despite limitations in physical capacity, 48% of the women are working, full-time or part-time. However, most job loss is associated with the fibromyalgia symptoms, and the women report that the symptoms influence their daily activities during most of their waking time. There is a rapid increase in sickness absence in the newly-diagnosed women, and the young women in particular do not return to the labour market during the first year after receiving their diagnosis. The non-working women have a more demanding family situation, and are also less satisfied with their present situation than working women. Conclusion: When individual adjustments of the work situation are made and the women participate to a level that matches their ability, they are able to continue in a work role. In evaluating the women’s work capacity, the total life situation of the women should be considered. / On the day of the public defence of the doctoral thesis, the status of article III and IV was Submitted.

No description available.

I den här studien undersöks hur vägledning av nyanlända elever på grundskolan går till utifrån ett vägledarperspektiv. Undersökningen är förlagd till grundskolor i Stockholms stad som har förberedelseklasser på högstadienivå. Genom en kvalitativ metod har studie- och yrkesvägledare intervjuats om arbetssätt, syn på användande av tolk vid samtal och hur de själva ser på sina styrkor och svagheter som vägledare. Resultatet visar att i de flesta fall blir det samtal som är baserade på information istället för vägledning. Informationen handlar om IVIK och vägen dit. Vägledarna upplever att det finns svårigheter i samtalen som kan handla om okunskap om olika kulturer och om vägledarens egna fördomar. Resultatet visar dock att vägledarna anser sig ha många av de egenskaper som de tycker att en vägledare ska ha i samtal med nyanlända elever. Det är bland annat empati, vara bra på att lyssna och ha förmågan att visa respekt för alla elever oavsett bakgrund.

Denna uppsats syfte är att undersöka hur man arbetar med nyanlända elever i en förberedelseklass i en söderförort i Stockholm och hur detta stämmer överens med styrdokumenten och Skolverkets mål och riktlinjer för nyanlända elever. För att uppnå detta syfte har det gjorts två kvalitativa forskningsintervjuer med två förberedelseklass lärare varv en veckas strukturerad icke deltagande observationer i förberedelseklassen. Skolverket har format mål och riktlinjer för de nyanlända eleverna som ska fungera som en läroplan för dessa elever. Det har visat sig i studien att även om Skolverket säger att man ska ta hänsyn till varje nyanländ elevs bakgrund, tidigare erfarenhet, kunskap och språk är det inte lika lätt att göra detta i praktiken. Det har även framkommit att det är svårt att utgå från Skolverkets mål och riktlinjer när det gäller alla nyanlända elever eftersom eleverna i förberedelseklassen kommer från olika förhållanden. Huvudresultatet för studien är att man i den undersökta skolans förberedelseklass försöker följa Skolverkets mål och riktlinjer med de resurser som skolan har för att få det bästa resultatet. Man utgår även från att arbeta med den enskilda individen beroende på vad den har med sig för upplevelser från sitt hemland och beroende på vart den befinner sig i sin utveckling.