Manifestations of citizen journalism on Twitter have been mainly analyzed around trending stories, associated with public campaigns or breaking news. Microbloggers' everyday attempts to contribute to professional media coverage, however, have been scarcely addressed in the literature. This research analyzes the practice of tweeting at influential news outlets by using a mixed-method approach. Content analysis anddirected queries about users' own motivation to tweet at media explore the interactionbetween regular users and professional news networks. Results show that there is apredisposition towards negative media commentary followed closely by newsworthy topics generated by the users, which replicate to a large extent mainstream media's agenda. When asked directly in the feed 'why do you tweet at media?', users explain their motivations to address news outlets in diverging ways, from explicit citizen journalism mission, to visibility claims and coincidental tagging. The study contributesto the study of citizen journalism on social media platforms and elaborates a mixed-method approach suited for this type of online data.

The New Zealand news media have covered Iraq War II extensively, and from different perspectives, shaped by reporting restrictions, public opinion and editorial policies of the media organisations. This thesis studies New Zealand's three largest daily newspapers' coverage during the invasion phase of the war exploring their reliance on global news agencies such as Reuters, AFP and AP and on elite British and US newspapers. The research also aims to explore the newspapers' dependence on global news agencies and other content providers and the extent of US and Coalition domination of the news agenda. Global news media, including mainstream news agencies which mostly rely on government and military officials for information on military conflicts such as Iraq War II, become channels for propaganda and facilitate elite sources to set the agenda for national and global audiences. A content analysis of the three daily newspapers - The New Zealand Herald, The Dominion Post and The Press - reveals that the war coverage in New Zealand was framed by international news agencies, US and UK newspapers. And their reliance on US and Coalition official sources in the news construction meant that they became vehicles for propaganda. The mainstream New Zealand newspapers' coverage of Iraq War II is examined through the contexts of globalisation, news flows, media-source relations, news management and propaganda as these are the issues that have shaped the war journalism discourse in New Zealand. As there have not been many studies in New Zealand of news media coverage of wars, this research is an opportunity for studying mainstream newspapers of a country that is not a direct participant in the war. It gives the opportunity to compare reporting by newspapers in a country not directly involved in Iraq War II with that of countries that are directly involved. What emerges from this study is that the level of involvement in a war is no longer the most important factor in determining the direction of news media coverage. News values, globalisation, economic interdependence, news flows and propaganda are all highly significant factors affecting coverage. This thesis shows that the US military and government sources dominated the news agenda through various media management strategies. The findings of this research also demonstrate the dominance of the global news agencies and US and UK publications as main content providers in the war coverage. The implication of this is that the few Western media outlets are able to set the news agenda for news retailers such as New Zealand newspapers, and their readers.

This study examines how the media reports on the Pride Festival in Stockholm and what news topics and themes it prioritizes. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the media coverage of Pride highlights political questions related to social and societal problems. One of the main focuses of the study is on how the media covers male and female homosexuality. The newspapers examined are the tabloids Aftonbladet and Expressen and the respected dailies Dagens Nyheter and Svenska Dagbladet. The study extends over three periods: 19-07-2010 to 07-08-2010, 25-07-2011 to 14-08-2011, and 24-07-2012 to 11-08-2012. Several key theories and themes frame the study. One of the theoretical bases of this study is agenda theory, which is based on the idea that issues get more media attention when the audience perceives them as important. Another key theory in the study is the theory of news values, which concerns how potential news items are evaluated editorially. The study also looks at the theme of sex and gender as a power aspect and how the representation of the sexes appears in today's media. Using quantitative content analysis, 291 articles have been studied. The results show that media coverage during the Pride festival includes articles that address both serious and non-serious issues. Furthermore, the results show that the coverage of male homosexuals is more frequent than of female homosexuals. However, the majority of the articles focused on the collective concept “LGBT” and not on gender related issues.

The purpose of this study is to show which content that is most common in the Swedish News Agency TT Nyhetsbyrån’s sports coverage. It also shows if the coverage is concentrated to for example any special sports, clubs, people or topics. This study uses a quantitative content analysis and the result is based on texts from 28 systematically selected days during one year. In total, the study includes 906 texts. The result of this study shows that the sports content of TT Nyhetsbyrån’s news feed is mainly concentrated to two sports, football/soccer and ice hockey. Several studies of other Sports Media show the same result as this study in terms of news content.  One of the conclusions is that the sports coverage is focused on athletes and teams at a professional level. Only a few sports, almost entirely practiced by men, is represented in the reporting. There are also other attributes that seem important for the news coverage. One of the most common attributes is that a big part of the news texts includes Swedish Athletes. Another important attribute is that the news can be related to a country that is close to Sweden in culture.

<p>The aim of this thesis was to examine what stories the Swedish periodical <em>Fokus</em> write about in their main reportage, "Veckans reportage", and how they express their stories. Through the survey we wanted to examine which topics, areas and actors that occurred in the texts during the year of 2008. We studied Fokus in two parts. In the first part we read every "Veckans reportage" published in 2008, which is 43 reportages, and categorized them into groups based on topics, areas and actors. The result helped us to pick two representative texts to analyse further. The method we used in the second part of the survey was discourse analysis, with focus on actors, metaphors and representations.</p><p>The results of the first part showed that Fokus has a major Swedish perspective, either by topics about Swedish issues or by international topics and what influence they might have on Sweden. The most common topics during the year of 2008 were about politics and about social and welfare issues. The main actors in the texts were politicians and common people. The results showed that most of them were men.</p><p>The results of the second part showed that they write about the topics in a typical way for reportage, with detailed descriptions of places, surroundings and people. We also saw that the discourses that appeared in the two reportages corresponded to the given topics in the texts.</p>

This study aims to show how much space Donald Trump and Stefan Löfven get in the digital edition of the Swedish tabloid Aftonbladet. To investigate this, a quantitative content study was used, counting the number of articles in which they appear between January 21st 2017 and July 21st 2017. In total 967 news articles were included in the study where articles appearing in the entertainment and sports section were excluded as well as editorials and columns.   In the articles we counted the amount of words and how long the quotes of the two persons were. We also counted how many articles in which both Donald Trump and Stefan Löfven appear and how the quotes were distributed between them. To count the articles we created a coding scheme with rules for interpretation.   The result of the study was that Donald Trump appeared more frequently in the tabloid than Stefan Löfven. This tells us that Aftonbladet priorities news about Donald Trump over news about Stefan Löfven which can be explained by globalisation, which is one of the theories used in this study, along with the theory of news values. However it was also clear that procentually Stefan Löfven was quoted more than Donald Trump. This can mean that even though globalisation brings nations across the world closer to each other, the physical distance still has a factor in what news sources appear in the news media.

The thesis explores the state of European foreign conflict reporting by public sector broadcasters, post-Cold War and post-9/11. It provides a comparative analysis of the news values of three television news providers from three differing public systems: BBC’s News at 10, representing a British public service broadcaster, nominally independent of government control; Russia’s Vremya on Channel 1, a state-aligned broadcaster used, to a large extent, as a mouthpiece for the government; and France 2’s 20 Heures, a public service broadcaster, from a media system with a long history of state intervention. By investigating their reports, the study identifies and analyses the differing roles of public and state-aligned broadcasters. It examines the priority they place on certain values leading to particular aspects of a news story becoming news in one part of the world but not in others. The case study under investigation is a two-year period (2006-2008) from the ongoing Middle East conflict which both pre-dates the change in East-West relations and the events of 9/11 and provides a meeting point of many of the geo-political and post-imperial global struggles facing the three selected news reporting countries. The analytical chapters examine a peace conference, Israeli-Palestinian fighting and intra-Palestinian fighting, which reflect discrete aspects of this conflict and enable the broadcasters’ overarching and specific narratives to be considered. The thesis uses these events to assess relations between state and broadcaster and the attendant associations with the war on terror which emerge in the foreign conflict coverage. It investigates possible imbalances in the reports to the detriment of one of the warring parties and contributes to understanding how the broadcasters perceive their own and other countries. The study examines the broadcasters’ news values and agenda-setting techniques. By focusing on these two areas, which influence the shaping, length and positioning of broadcasts, news reports are analysed both quantitatively (e.g. running order, airtime, number of items per programme and subject matter) and qualitatively (e.g. the portrayal of news values and agenda-setting attributes displayed). The overarching argument illustrates that the hierarchy in news values is never arbitrary but can be explained, in part, by the structure of the broadcasters and by events occurring within, or associated with, the reporting country. As a result, the thesis investigations help identify nationally differentiated perceptions of conflict throughout the world and, in a broader context, contribute to studies in the areas of media, foreign conflict and Middle East conflict reporting.

On the 11th of march, the coronavirus was declared as a pandemic and during the following weeks the media coverage about the virus drastically increased. The aim of this essay was to examine how two swedish newspapers, Dagens Nyheter and Aftonbladet, reported about and framed the news about the coronavirus. This was achieved by examining the difference between the reporting of the two newspapers and the difference between how the coronavirus was framed depending on which country was reported about. The framework of this study contains of framing theory, agenda setting theory, the studies of news values, stereotypes, and the Other. The method used to examine this topic was a quantitative content analysis based on 331 articles about the coronavirus. The results of this study show that even though the coronavirus was classified as a pandemic, that spread across the world, the main focus of the reporting centered around the coronavirus in Sweden. The places that the newspapers focused the least on was Africa and South America with barely any news about the spread of the coronavirus. In accordance with previous research, the most utilized theme in relation to the coronavirus was actions to slow the virus down and management of the virus. The most commonly used sources of the articles were other media outlets. The second most commonly used source spokespeople for different companies, they often spoke about the negative consequences that fell upon the companies due to the coronavirus. Aftonbladet produced 77 more articles than Dagens Nyheter, measured during the same timespan. Dagens Nyheter produced more articles about the economic effects that were caused by the coronavirus than Aftonbladet, they focused more on articles about actions to slow the virus down. The choice of angles of the articles also differed between the newspapers. Aftonbladet focused more on the negative effects of the coronavirus, while Dagens Nyheter did not have one specific angle that was more prominent.

Title: The news betrayal from TT – A quantitative content analysis of TT’s news reporting from the north In the year of 2013 TT-nyhetsbyrån closed down their three local editorial offices in north Sweden with a promise that the news coverage of Norrland would remain the same. In this study we aim to examine if, and how, the journalistic content has changed due to their centralization.  Based on theories of media and democracy, the commercialization of journalism and news evaluation, this study investigates different aspects of TT’s journalistic output such as news outlets, news topic, democratic value dimensions, framing, original reporting and sourcing.  The material of examination consists of a total of 199 articles which derive from Luleå, Umeå and Sundsvall. Further the material is spread out over two periods of time. More particularly five years before, and five years after the close down. We have employed a so-called synthetic week during both time intervals, meaning that you randomly select Monday one week, Tuesday the following week, and so forth.  The result of the quantitative study showed that TT’s news reporting about the municipalities has decreased in all the aspects that have been investigated. The analysis of the result, together with previous research and chosen theories, indicates that TT seems to have become more commercialized and audience-oriented, which may have affected how news is valued. From a democratic perspective it is problematic. As the largest news agency TT plays an important role in Swedish journalism, not least when editorial offices around the country reduce their own news coverage.

This diploma thesis focuses on the topic of Instagram accounts of media companies in the context of news values. It studies how selected media companies choose their content for Instagram accounts, and what news values are crucial to them when picking their posts. The aim of the work is the analysis of the dominant news values and the description of the specifics of Instagram contents. Using a combination of quantitative content analysis of Instagram posts of monitored media accounts and qualitative structured interviews with administrators and editors of Czech media newsrooms profiles, the author tries to answer research questions and confirm or disprove the hypotheses. The conclusions of the thesis show that the Instagram environment is highly competitive for news organizations with pressure on the speed and attractiveness of their posts. Therefore, the news media use various opportunities, which their Instagram account allows them, to satisfy their audience or attract new followers. However, the monitored sample does not confirm the existence of cross-prevalent dominant news values, or universal posts or topics that would be used by the media on Instagram.