Le travail de thèse propose d’éclaircir les dynamiques qui régissent les réactions d’hydrogénation du dioxyde d’azote (NO2) se déroulant à la surface de catalyseurs modèles de platine, de rhodium et de leur alliage Pt-Rh. Une meilleure compréhension de la réaction catalytique en conditions réactionnelles permettrait, à terme, un meilleur contrôle de la réaction. De manière similaire, le comportement du catalyseur permettrait d’orienter la synthèse de catalyseurs afin d’en augmenter la sélectivité et/ou activité. La structure de ces catalyseurs ainsi que l’analyse des processus sont effectuées à l’échelle nanométrique grâce à l’utilisation de microscopies à effet de champ :la microscopie ionique à effet de champ (FIM) et la microscopie d’émission d’électrons par effet de champ (FEM). La réaction NO2+H2 étudiée à 390 K sur le platine permet de mettre en évidence la présence de différents domaines réactionnels :dynamique monostable, oscillations périodiques auto-entretenues, oscillations périodiques bimodales, ainsi que des oscillations bruitées. Malgré la présence importante de fluctuations à l’échelle du nanomètre, les traitements de signaux mettent en évidence une importante robustesse qui se traduit par un temps de corrélation qui s’étend sur plusieurs centaines de périodes. Les données donnent matière à la reconstruction de l’attracteur dynamique consistant en un cycle limite. La pression d’hydrogène est le paramètre de contrôle qui est varié de sorte à provoquer l’apparition d’oscillations selon une bifurcation de type homocline dans ce cas-ci. Des mesures à haute-vitesse d’acquisition démontrent que l’ignition des différentes faces réactives s’effectue de manière désynchronisée, et la vitesse de propagation est de l’ordre de ~2 μm/s. Au sein d’une seule face, à l’échelle du nanomètre, des propagations de fronts d’ondes chimiques peuvent également être observées à une vitesse de ~2 μm/s, en accord avec les vitesses analysées lors d’expériences menées à l’échelle du micromètre et du millimètre. Sur base des observations, un mécanisme réactionnel de production d’H2O a été proposé. La réaction sur le rhodium à 450 K engendre également des oscillations périodiques qui diffèrent par une robustesse plus faible et par l’apparition d’un cycle limite selon une bifurcation de Hopf. Des mesures exploratoires à 500 K font ressortir la présence de chaos dans le système. Finalement, l’alliage Pt-Rh utilisé comme catalyseur permet d’obtenir des oscillations à 425 K de période comprise entre celles observées sur les deux métaux purs. L’ensemble des expériences et des résultats obtenus à l’échelle du nanomètre permet pour la première fois de valider la théorie des systèmes dynamiques à une telle échelle. / Doctorat en Sciences / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Propulsé sur une orbite polaire en avril 1995 par l’Agence Spatiale Européenne, l’instrument Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) est le précurseur d’une nouvelle génération de satellites dédiés à la mesure globale de la composition atmosphérique. Ce spectromètre hyperspectral mesure, entre 240 et 790 nm, à la résolution de 0,2-0,4 nm, la radiance diffusée par l’atmosphère et réfléchie par la surface terrestre et les nuages au nadir du satellite. La technique de spectroscopie d’absorption optique différentielle (DOAS) permet d’en inverser la concentration columnaire de l’ozone et du dioxyde d’azote atmosphériques.<p><p>Les travaux décrits dans cette thèse portent d’une part sur la caractérisation du contenu en information géophysique accessible par ce type de sondage atmosphérique, et d’autre part sur la mise au point des méthodes et algorithmes d’inversion propres à la mission GOME. <p><p>Au cours des premiers chapitres, nous établissons les propriétés pluridimensionnelles de lissage et d’échantillonnage du champ atmosphérique associées à l’observation du rayonnement diffusé. Nous explorons ensuite les problèmes posés par le cycle diurne des oxydes d’azote, ainsi que l’effet des gradients atmosphériques interférant avec le chemin optique. Nous analysons enfin les capacités des réseaux de télédétection de l’Organisation Mondiale Météorologique (OMM) pour le diagnostic des algorithmes et données des systèmes satellitaires.<p><p>Deux chapitres sont ensuite consacrés à la mise au point des méthodes et algorithmes d’inversion DOAS pour le processeur GDP, qui traite de manière opérationnelle les données radiométriques acquises par GOME. Nous abordons successivement le problème de la dépendance en température des sections efficaces d’absorption, l’évaluation du facteur d’amplification géométrique du chemin optique, l’estimation de la colonne fantôme masquée par les nuages, les effets de l’anomalie magnétique sud-atlantique des ceintures de radiation, et l’incidence du dioxyde d’azote troposphérique. Suit un diagnostic systématique de la mise au point du processeur GDP sur base des données globales fournies par les réseaux de l’OMM, ainsi qu’une critique comparée des algorithmes TOMS de la NASA.<p><p>Le dernier chapitre décrit la construction de la première climatologie globale du dioxyde d’azote stratosphérique et de ses variations harmoniques. Développée pour nos études du facteur d’amplification géométrique, cette climatologie composite est issue de l’analyse conjointe des jeux de données complémentaires acquis par différents satellites, par des réseaux au sol et par des ballons stratosphériques.<p> / Doctorat en sciences appliquées / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Ce travail a eu pour objectif l’étude de la dégradation hétérogène d’hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP) et de polybromo diphényles éthers (PBDE) en présence d’oxydants atmosphériques. La réactivité du benzo[a]pyrène et du dibenzo[a,l]pyrène pour les HAP et du BDE 153 (hexabromé) et du BDE 209 (décabromé) pour les PBDE, a été étudiée lorsqu’ils sont adsorbés sur des particules minérales modèles (des particules de silice) et exposés à l’ozone, au dioxyde d’azote ou aux radicaux hydroxyles. L’extraction et l’analyse de ces composés ont été optimisées. Le suivi de l’évolution de la concentration en composé adsorbé en fonction de son temps d’exposition à l’oxydant a permis de déterminer les paramètres cinétiques de chaque composé, pour chaque oxydant. L’influence de la concentration particulaire et de la structure moléculaire sur la réactivité a ainsi été évaluée et débattue. L’identification des produits de réactions majoritaires a été effectuée pour les réactions des HAP avec le dioxyde d’azote et les radicaux hydroxyles et les réactions des PBDE avec les radicaux hydroxyles. Enfin, l’étude de la génotoxicité des extraits de particules pour différents temps d’exposition aux oxydants a été réalisée. Cette étude regroupe une approche cinétique, une approche mécanistique et une approche toxicologique. / This work deals with the heterogeneous degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and polybromo diphenyls ethers (PBDE) with various atmospheric oxidants. The reactivity of Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DalP) for PAH and BDE 153 and BDE 209 for PBDE, had been studied when they are adsorbed on a model of mineral particles (silica particles) and exposed to ozone, nitrogen dioxide and hydroxyl radical. Extraction and analyse of compounds were optimised. For all studied reactions, kinetic parameters were obtained following the remaining concentration of compound for different exposure times. Influence of the particle loading and molecular structure on the reactivity had been evaluated and discussed. Identification of the main degradation products was made for the reaction of PAH with nitrogen dioxide and hydroxyl radical and for the reaction of PBDE with hydroxyl radical. Then, the genotoxicity of the particle extracts was made for different exposure times. This study talks about kinetics, mechanistic and genotoxicity.

Le formaldéhyde, un des produits de base de la chimie, est synthétisé industriellement par un procédé multi-étapes, dans lequel l’efficacité énergétique est limitée. Ainsi, une synthèse par oxydation directe du méthane en phase gazeuse, qui pourrait être plus avantageuse, a été étudiée expérimentalement et par une modélisation cinétique, dans le cadre de ce travail. Pour favoriser la production du formaldéhyde, produit intermédiaire de l’oxydation du méthane, des temps de passage faibles (< 100 ms) ont été envisagés. Un microréacteur annulaire (espace annulaire de 0,5 mm) en quartz a été utilisé, dans lequel la réaction a été étudiée en faisant varier les paramètres opératoires suivants : température (600-1000°C), temps de passage (20-80 ms), rapport XO2/XCH4 (0,5-15) et teneur en NO2 ajoutée (0-0,6%). Sans NO2, les sélectivités en HCHO diminuent avec la conversion et le rendement maximal sans recyclage est de 2.4% (950°C, 60 ms et XO2/XCH4 = 8). L’ajout de NO2 permet de diminuer la température requise de 300°C, et d’augmenter le meilleur rendement en HCHO à 9% (700°C, 30 ms et XO2/XCH4 = 7 et 0,5% de NO2). À faible avancement, la réaction sans NO2 peut être modélisée avec le mécanisme Gri-Mech 3.0 sans aucun ajustement. Pour la réaction avec NO2, après quelques corrections et modifications fondées sur une étude bibliographique, le mécanisme de Zalc et al. (2006) permet de rendre correctement compte des résultats expérimentaux. L’analyse de flux a montré que l’inter-conversion entre NO2 et NO joue un rôle important dans le milieu réactionnel. Elle permet de former continuellement les radicaux réactifs OH•, et de convertir les radicaux CH3• et CH3O2• en radicaux CH3O• / Formaldehyde is one of the world’s top organic intermediate chemicals. It is currently produced by a complex three-step process but a one-step process might require less energy. In this work, the direct gas phase partial oxidation of methane to formaldehyde has been studied through experiments and kinetic modeling. As formaldehyde is an intermediate in the sequential oxidation of methane, short residence times (<100 ms) have been considered in order to optimize its production. Thus, a quartz annular flow microreactor (annular space 0.5 mm wide), was chosen. The undertaken experiments consist of a systematic investigation of the effects of temperature (600-1000°C), residence time (20-80 ms), input composition XO2/XCH4 (0.5-15) and initial NO2 concentration (0-0.6%). Without NO2, the HCHO selectivity decreases with the increasing methane conversion. For a single pass operation, the best HCHO yield is 2.4% (950°C, 60 ms, XO2/XCH4 = 8). The addition of NO2 decreases the reaction initiation temperature by 300°C and it remarkably enhances the HCHO yield. The highest HCHO yield attains 9% (700°C, 30 ms, XO2/XCH4 =7) in the presence of NO2 (0.5%). For the reaction without NO2, the mechanism Gri-Mech 3.0 fits well the experimental results. For the reaction with NO2, by using the mechanism of Zalc et al. (2006) with some modifications, we obtained a good agreement between the experimental data and the model. The production and consumption flux analysis shows that the inter-conversion between NO2 and NO plays an important role in the reaction, because it continuously produces the reactive radicals OH• and it converts the radicals CH3• and CH3O2• to radicals CH3O•

Background There are a few epidemiological studies that (1) link increased ambient air pollution (AP) with an increase in lung cancer incidence rates and (2) investigate whether residing in green spaces could be protective against cancer. However, it is completely unclear whether other forms of cancer are also affected by AP and if residential green spaces could lower cancer incidence rates in general. Therefore, the objective was to estimate whether AP and green space are associated with several cancer types. Methods The analysis was based on routine health care data from around 1.9 million people from Saxony who were free of cancer in 2008 and 2009. Incident cancer cases (2010–2014) of mouth and throat, skin (non-melanoma skin cancer - NMSC), prostate, breast, and colorectum were defined as: (1) one inpatient diagnosis, or (2) two outpatient diagnoses in two different quarters within one year and a specific treatment or death within two quarters after the diagnosis. Exposures, derived from freely available 3rd party data, included particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 μm (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (N02) as well as green space (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index - NDVI). Associations between air pollutants, green space, and cancer incidence were assessed by multilevel Poisson models. Age, sex, physician contacts, short- and long-term unemployment, population density, and having an alcohol-related disorder were considered as potential confounders. Results Three thousand one hundred seven people developed mouth and throat cancer, 33,178 NMSC, 9611 prostate cancer, 9577 breast cancer, and 11,975 colorectal cancer during the follow-up period (2010–2014). An increase in PM10 of 10 μg/m3 was associated with a 53% increase in relative risk (RR) of mouth and throat cancer and a 52% increase in RR of NMSC. Prostate and breast cancer were modestly associated with PM10 with an increase in RR of 23 and 19%, respectively. The associations with N02 were in the same direction as PM10 but the effect estimates were much lower (7–24%). A 10% increase in NDVI was most protective of mouth and throat cancer (− 11% RR) and of NMSC (− 16% RR). Colorectal cancer was not affected by any of the exposures. Conclusions In addition to the studies carried out so far, this study was able to provide evidence that higher ambient AP levels increase the risk of mouth and throat cancer as well as of NMSC and that a higher residential green space level might have a protective effect for NMSC in areas with low to moderate UV intensity. Nevertheless, we cannot rule out residual confounding by socioeconomic or smoking status.

There is big interest in cheap, sensitive and selective gas sensors. In this work, substituted soluble phthalocyanines are proposed as a sensing materials for several gases. Optical, electrical and gas sensing properties of several phthalocyanines were studied and the mechanisms of their interaction with several analyte gases are described. It was found, that sulfo-substituted Pcs has good sensitivity to humidity. Sulfonamide-substituted phthalocyanines are promising for nitrogen dioxide and volatile organic compounds detection. tert-Butyl-substituted phthalocyanines are sensitive to NO2 under higher temperature and seems to be used for environmental monitoring. Commercial gas sensors for NO2, ethanol and humidity were successfully created.

Traffic is a problem across the globe, reaching perniciously into cities and communities nearly everywhere. The United States (US) has its share of traffic problems; of the ten cities with the highest traffic delay times in 2022, four were in the US. While nearly everyone living in the US has likely experienced traffic congestion of some kind, some cities are notoriously worse than others. In New York City (NYC), traffic congestion has been a problem as far back as 1913, when Fifth Avenue was so traffic-clogged it could take 40 minutes to go 23 blocks. Today, of the 25 most congested traffic corridors in the US, three are in NYC. One of these runs through the South Bronx, an environmental justice neighborhood we highlight in this dissertation. Traffic congestion is a source of air pollution (traffic-related air pollution, or TRAP) and noise, and it can result in property damage, injuries, and fatalities from collisions with other vehicles, pedestrians, or those using other forms of transportation. Both traffic congestion and TRAP have been associated with numerous negative health outcomes. For example, TRAP is associated with respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, and pregnancy outcomes, including asthma exacerbation, incident childhood and adult asthma, reduced lung function, atherosclerosis, hypertension, stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular-related mortality, cognitive decline, neurodevelopmental outcomes, pregnancy loss, term low birth weight, and small for gestational age birth. In general across the US, communities of color and higher-poverty neighborhoods face greater exposure and health burden from traffic. Throughout this dissertation, we study traffic congestion and TRAP through two lenses: (1) environmental justice; and (2) policy. Additionally, we assess the cardiovascular health impacts of TRAP. In Chapter 1, we provide background on the problem of traffic, focusing on NYC and the South Bronx. In Chapter 2, we present a case study from the South Bronx, where a new trucking-intensive warehouse was opened in 2018. In this study, we quantified the increase in vehicles and trucks following the opening of the warehouse and estimated the resulting increases in black carbon (BC) and noise. We discuss the injustice in the methods used to assess the environmental impact of the warehouse, the warehouse’s siting in a predominantly Black and Lantinx community already overburdened with trucking-intensive industries, and the desire of the community to instead use the land for a community park. In Chapter 3, we present a study quantifying how traffic congestion in NYC changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. We assess how NY on Pause, the state’s stay-at-home order, impacted traffic congestion by comparing the magnitude of traffic decreases in environmentally burdened or systematically disadvantaged neighborhoods to the magnitude of decreases in less burdened and more advantaged neighborhoods. We discuss the implications of these results for upcoming traffic policies in NYC, such as congestion pricing. In Chapter 4, we present a study evaluating diurnal changes in TRAP in NYC during NY on Pause. We discuss the implications of these results for congestion pricing, including the potential timing of TRAP decreases. In Chapter 5, we present an epidemiologic study of TRAP and myocardial infarction (MI) in New York State, identifying hazard windows of exposure in a study period where the mean nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) concentration was substantially lower than the hourly national standard. We discuss implications for the NO₂ National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and suggest that the current standard may be insufficient to protect population cardiovascular health. Finally, in Chapter 6, we conclude with a discussion of recommended research directions and policy considerations.

Diode lasers are a convenient and economical source of near-infrared radiation, which may usefully be applied to a host of different sensitive detection methods; this thesis presents novel extensions of these methods, making use of the favourable characteristics of this type of light source. The first part of this thesis details the development of an optical feedback cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (OF-CEAS) apparatus, including the development of the optical system, the sample handling, and the electronics for feedback phase control. A preliminary demonstration of the system is reported, presenting the detection of atmospheric water absorptions close to 1596 nm. Optimisation and application of the OF-CEAS spectrometer are then demonstrated, after which the spectrometer is applied to the sensitive detection of carbon dioxide absorptions suitable as a diagnostic aid in identifying Heliobacter pylori infection. A time-normalised α-min value of 5.8 × 10⁻⁹ cm⁻¹s^1/2 was measured for these spectra. Further optimisation of the system leads to an ultimate detection sensitivity of 1.42 × 10⁻⁹ cm⁻¹s^1/2, measured on absorption transitions in acetylene close to 1532 nm. In order further to characterise the performance of the OF-CEAS system, analogous experiments are presented using the OF-CEAS setup and a standard diode-laser cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (CEAS) apparatus. Detection is carried out on the P(6) line of the ν₁ + ν₃ vibrational band of the mixed isotopologue of acetylene, ¹²-C¹³-CH₂. Direct comparison is made between the sensitivities of the two methods, and in light of this the suitability of each technique for detection in different environments is considered. The well-characterised and consistent frequency scale which is inherent to the OF-CEAS technique is then applied to a line shape analysis for the presented absorption spectra. Pressure-broadening coefficients are determined for selected absorptions in the ν₁ + ν₃ band of acetylene. In spite of the low resolution associated with this technique, this accurate frequency scaling allows observation of subtle line shape effects such as Dicke collisional narrowing using the data presented in Chapter 3 for the R(60) line in the 3ν₁ + ν₃ vibrational band of CO₂. These effects are quantified through use of a Galatry fit to each absorption spectrum. The statistical significance associated with the use of such a model, and the physical meaning of the results, are examined and discussed. An alternative strategy for increasing the sensitivity of a diode-laser-based gas monitoring technique lies in moving detection to the mid-infrared region, where the absorption cross-sections are generally larger. With this motivation, difference frequency generation is presented, to produce radiation close to 3.5 µm which is then applied to a series of different enhanced spectroscopy techniques. The optimal sensitivity, of 32 ppb NO2 at 45 Torr total sample pressure, was achieved using wavelength modulation spectroscopy. The different techniques are compared and possible improvements to them are put forward. Finally, proof-of-principle work is presented seeking to combine the enhanced circulating power associated with the optical-feedback-locked techniques and non-linear optical techniques to move detection to a more favourable spectral region. Light close to 429 nm is generated by second harmonic generation in a crystal of potassium niobate, with resonance-enhancement afforded by a feedback V-cavity of the sort employed in OF-CEAS. The potential of such a system for diode-laser-based generation of blue and ultraviolet light is demonstrated and discussed, along with improvements that might be implemented to increase the efficiency of the system.

In this thesis the oxidation of monoterpenes by O3 and NO2 and factors that influenced the oxidation were studied. In the environment both ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are present as oxidising gases, which causes sampling artefacts when using Tenax TA as an adsorbent to sample organic compounds in the air. A scrubber was developed to remove O3 and NO2 prior to the sampling tube, and artefacts during sampling were minimised when using the scrubber. The main organic compounds sampled in this thesis were two monoterpenes, alfa-pinene and delta-3-carene, due to their presence in both indoor and outdoor air. The recovery of the monoterpenes through the scrubber varied between 75-97% at relative humidities of 15-75%. The reactions of alfa-pinene and delta-3-carene with O 3, NO2 and nitric oxide (NO) at different relative humidities (RHs) and reaction times were studied in a dark reaction chamber. The experiments were planned and performed according to an experimental design were the factors influencing the reaction (O3, NO2, NO, RH and reaction times) were varied between high and low levels. In the experiments up to 13% of the monoterpenes reacted when O3, NO2, and reaction time were at high levels, and NO, and RH were at low levels. In the evaluation eight and seven factors (including both single and interaction factors) were found to influence the amount of alfa-pinene and delta-3-carene reacted, respectively. The three most influencing factors for both of the monoterpenes were the O 3 level, the reaction time, and the RH. Increased O3 level and reaction time increased the amount of monoterpene reacted, and increased RH decreased the amount reacted. A theoretical model of the reactions occurring in the reaction chamber was created. The amount of monoterpene reacted at different initial settings of O3, NO2, and NO were calculated, as well as the influence of different reaction pathways, and the concentrations of O3 and NO2, and NO at specific reaction times. The results of the theoretical model were that the reactivity of the gas mixture towards alfa-pinene and delta-3-carene was underestimated. But, the calculated concentrations of O3, NO2, and NO in the theoretical model were found to correspond to a high degree with experimental results performed under similar conditions. The possible associations between organic compounds in indoor air, building variables and the presence of sick building syndrome were studied using principal component analysis. The most complex model was able to separate 71% of the “sick” buildings from the “healthy” buildings. The most important variables that separated the “sick” buildings from the “healthy” buildings were a more frequent occurrence or a higher concentration of compounds with shorter retention times in the “sick” buildings. The outcome of this thesis could be summarised as follows; - - - -

Lúpus eritematoso sistêmico juvenil é uma doença inflamatória autoimune multifatorial com elevação de citocinas inflamatórias e com gravidade variável. Estudos observaram associação entre exposição a poluição do ar e aumento do número de internações hospitalares devido à exacerbação das doenças reumáticas pediátricas e aumento no risco de crianças portadoras de lúpus eritematoso sistêmico juvenil apresentarem atividade de doença moderada /grave após exposição a material particulado e dióxido de nitrogênio. Exposição à poluição do ar pode acarretar agravo agudo em doenças reumatológicas pediátricas, incluindo lúpus eritematoso sistêmico juvenil. Objetivos: Avaliar o efeito da exposição real a poluentes atmosféricos sobre biomarcadores inflamatórios em condensado do ar exalado e sobre a fração de monóxido de nitrogênio em ar exalado em pacientes com lúpus eritematoso sistêmico juvenil. Avaliar ainda, a correlação entre os biomarcadores inflamatórios no ar exalado e atividade da doença. Métodos: Estudo longitudinal de painel de medidas repetidas realizado em 108 visitas consecutivas de pacientes com diagnóstico de lúpus eritematoso sistêmico juvenil sem doenças respiratórias. Por 4 semanas consecutivas, medidas diárias individuais de dióxido de nitrogênio, material particulado fino, temperatura ambiental e humidade relativa do ar foram obtidos. Este ciclo foi repetido a cada 2,5 meses ao longo de um ano, além disso, citocinas do condensado do ar exalado (interleucinas 6, 8, 17 e fator de necrose tumoral-alfa), fração exalada de monóxido de nitrogênio e parâmetros de atividade de doença foram coletados semanalmente. Modelos específicos de equação estimada generalizada foram usadas para avaliar o impacto destes poluentes no risco de Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 >= 8, citocinas no condensado do ar exalado e fração exalada de monóxido de nitrogênio, considerando o efeito fixo para medidas repetidas. Os modelos foram ajustados para provas de fase aguda, índice de massa corpórea, infecções, medicações e variáveis meteorológicas. Resultados: Efeito positivo nas medidas de desfechos foi observado para um aumento do intervalo interquartil do material particulado fino (18.12 ?g/m3). Um aumento do intervalo interquartil na média móvel de 7 dias no material particulado fino (lag0 to lag6) foi associado a um aumento de 0.1pg/ml (95%IC:0.01;0.19) e 0.9pg/ml (95%IC:0.05;0,12) nos níveis de interleucina 17 e fator de necrose tumoral-? do condensado do ar exalado, respectivamente. Também foi observado um aumento no risco de Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 >= 8 de 1.47(95%CI:1.10;1.84) associado ao aumento da média móvel de material particulado fino. Em adição, um efeito a curto prazo na fração exalada de monóxido de nitrogênio foi evidenciado, medida móvel de 3 dias do material particulado fino foi associada com um aumento de 0.75ppb (95%IC:0.38;1.29) na fração exalada de monóxido de nitrogênio. Conclusão: Exposição a partículas finas inaláveis pode aumentar a inflamação das vias aéreas e posterior inflamação sistêmica nos pacientes com lúpus eritematoso sistêmico juvenil / Systemic lupus erythematosus is an inflammatory multisystem, autoimmune disease with elevated inflammatory interleukins levels. Exposure to air pollution may trigger pulmonary inflammation/systemic inflammation. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between daily individual exposure to air pollutants and airway inflammation and disease activity in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus patients. A longitudinal panel study was carried out in 108 consecutive appointments with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus patients without respiratory diseases. Methods: Over four consecutive weeks, daily individual measures of nitrogen dioxide, fine particulate matter, ambient temperature, and humidity were obtained. This cycle was repeated every 2.5 months along 1 year, and cytokines of exhaled breath condensate (interleukins 6, 8, 17 and tumoral necrose factor-alpha), fractional exhaled nitrogen monoxide, and disease activity parameters were collected weekly. Specific generalized estimation equation models were used to assess the impact of these pollutants on the risk of Systemic Lupus Erythematous Disease Activity Index 2000 >= 8, exhaled breath condensate cytokines, and fractional exhaled nitrogen monoxide, considering the fixed effects for repetitive measurements. The models were adjusted for inflammatory indicators, body mass index, infections, medication, and weather variables. Results: An interquartile range increase in fine particulate matter 4-day moving average (18.12ug/m3) was associated with an increase of 0.05 pg/ml (95% CI 0.01; 0.09, p = 0.03) and 0.04 pg/ml (95% CI 0.02; 0.06, p = 0.01) in interleukin 17 and tumoral necrosis factor-alpha exhaled breath condensate levels, respectively. Additionally, a short-term effect on fractional exhaled nitrogen monoxide was observed: the fine particulate matter 3-day moving average was associated with a 0.75 ppb increase (95% CI 0.38; 1.29, p = 0.03) in fractional exhaled nitrogen monoxide. Also, an increase of 1.47 (95% CI 1.10; 1.84) in the risk of Systemic Lupus Erythematous Disease Activity Index 2000 >= 8 was associated with fine particulate matter 7-day moving average. Conclusion: Exposure to inhalable fine particles increases airway inflammation/pulmonary and then systemic inflammation in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus patients