<p>A Test Battery (TB) is a measurement method that is designed to assess a variety of ability constructs. The extent to which TB predicts future pilot performance has important implications for both flying organizations and applicants. The primary emphasis in the existing literature has been on scores of individual ability tests, in contrast to the scores of multiple ability tests that are typically indexed by composites derived from TBs. The selection literature lacks a focus on composite scores, and seldom links to the broad cognitive abilities that predominate TBs. The objective of this study was to investigate how the different broad ability constructs of TBs influence their predictive validities for pilot performance. Six ability groups were identified as the most common ability saturations of pilot selection TBs. On the basis of 89 studies and 118 independent samples, a series of meta-analyses were conducted to determine the criterion-related validity of the six categories of TBs for several criterions of pilot performance.</p> <p>The investigation revealed there was an overall small and positive relationship between TBs and flight performance. The six categories of cognitive ability TBs appeared to be valid predictors of pilot performance, and at least five of them generalize validity across studies and settings. More specifically, three sets of predictor groups were identified according to the magnitude of validity estimates. The highest validity group included <i>Work Sample</i> TBs (<i>r</i>=.34), the second highest validity group included TBs of <i>Acquired Knowledge</i>, <i>General Ability</i>, and <i>Motor Abilities</i> (<i>r</i>=.19, .18, and .17, respectively), and the lowest validity group included TBs of <i>Perceptual Processing</i> and <i>Controlled Attention</i> (<i>r</i>=.14 and .10, respectively).</p> <p>The results also indicated that there was substantial variability in the effect of cognitive abilities on flight performance, with evidence of moderators operating in most cases. Five potential moderator variables were examined that may moderate the TBs-performance relationship in flying. The analysis for the moderator variable of <i>the number of tests in the battery </i>(small battery/large battery), <i>regularity of TB use in pilot selection</i> (commonly used/uncommonly used), and <i>criterion level of measurement</i> (continuous/ordinal/dichotomous/ contingency table) revealed significant moderating effects on the correlations between flight performance and several types of test batteries. Other moderators related to <i>year of publication</i> (1987-1999/2000-2009/2010-2017) and <i>flying organization</i> (USAF/US Navy/Another military/Civilian) did not significantly influence the correlations between TBs and flight performance. The implications of the findings for practice are discussed, and recommendations for future research directions are provided.</p>

Esta tesis muestra una radiografía de las evaluaciones de Historia de España en COU y Bachillerato (a través de los recuerdos de 1523 alumnos entre 1993-2003), y de los protocolos de los exámenes (410 realizados por el profesorado entre 2002-2004), en la CC.AA. de la Región de Murcia. Entre los resultados más relevantes, destacar: la influencia que los aspectos formales de las evaluaciones y los exámenes tienen tanto en los contenidos por los que se les pregunta a los alumnos como en el tipo de aprendizaje que éstos adquieren; la presencia predominante de preguntas que requieren principalmente la memorización de los conocimientos; las relaciones existentes entre los tipos de preguntas y las capacidades cognitivas solicitadas en las pruebas; la evaluación de unos temas de la Historia de España en detrimento de otros; y la influencia que dos referentes como son selectividad y decreto de currículum, tienen en las pruebas estudiadas. / This thesis shows a radiograph of the assessments of History of Spain in COU and Bachillerato (through the memories of 1523 students between 1993-2003), and the protocols of the examinations (410 made by teachers between 2002-2004) in the Autonomous Community of the Region of Murcia. Among the most relevant results, include: the influence of the formal aspects of assessments and examinations have so much in the content for which one asks the students as the type of learning that they acquire, the predominance of questions mainly require the memorization of knowledge, relations between the types of questions and cognitive abilities tests requested and the evaluation of the subjects of the History of Spain at the expense of others, and the influence of two references such as selectivity and Decree of the curriculum, the tests are studied.

The objective of this study was to determine if a statistically significant positive relationship exists between the cognitive tests (APIL and Critical Reasoning Test Battery - NCR2 and VCR2) and the academic performance of students on an MBA programme. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted on a non-probability purposive sample (N=329) of MBA students at an institution of higher learning in South Africa. A theoretical relationship was established between the variables. The empirical relationship revealed statistically significant relationships between the cognitive tests and academic performance on an MBA programme. The findings contribute valuable knowledge to the field of psychological assessment that can be applied in the selection of students for higher education. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M. Com. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)

SOARES, Ana Cristina Silva. Uso de computadores na aprendizagem de crianças e adolescentes com deficiência mental. 2004. 141 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) – Universidade Federal do Ceará. Faculdade de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza-CE, 2004. / Submitted by Raul Oliveira (raulcmo@hotmail.com) on 2012-07-03T16:25:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2004_Dis_ ACSSoares.pdf: 977997 bytes, checksum: b3276bd4a29bbfef228200742eb95a6a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-07-06T15:55:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2004_Dis_ ACSSoares.pdf: 977997 bytes, checksum: b3276bd4a29bbfef228200742eb95a6a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-06T15:55:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2004_Dis_ ACSSoares.pdf: 977997 bytes, checksum: b3276bd4a29bbfef228200742eb95a6a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / Este estudo analisa os efeitos do computador na aprendizagem de crianças e adolescentes com deficiência mental, através de uma intervenção educacional envolvendo as habilidades de seriação, conservação de quantidades e inclusão de classes. Foram adotados, como fundamentação teórica, os estudos de Jean Piaget, Vygotsky, Inhelder, Papert e Valente, os quais subsidiaram a construção da metodologia e análise dos dados coletados. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever e analisar as estratégias de raciocínio que ocorrem antes, durante e depois do uso do computador, além de caracterizar as possíveis mudanças cognitivas das habilidades de seriação, conservação de quantidades e inclusão de classes. A pesquisa envolveu pré e pós-testes com aplicação do Teste de Inteligência Não-Verbal (INV) e exames clínicos piagetianos de seriação, inclusão de classes e conservação de quantidades contínuas e descontínuas em três grupos: o grupo experimental (GE) realizou atividades com o computador, incluindo três softwares: Balança Serial, Micromundos e Tabletop; o grupo controle (GC) realizou atividades semelhantes ao GE sem o uso do computador; e o grupo de referência (GR) não realizou atividades. Participaram doze crianças e adolescentes, na faixa-etária de 7 a 16 anos de idade, cujos diagnósticos indicavam deficiência mental leve e moderada. Na intervenção educacional, os alunos foram separados por duplas nos GE e GC. Quanto aos resultados dos grupos, o GE apresentou mudanças cognitivas em percentis e nos exames de seriação, inclusão de classes, conservação de quantidades contínuas e descontínuas; o GC e GR não apresentaram mudanças significativas, nesses ocorreram retrocessos em seus resultados. Os resultados da intervenção educacional com as habilidades cognitivas foram os seguintes: os participantes do GE obtiveram avanços na compreensão das habilidades cognitivas, contudo, os sujeitos associados ao GC não obtiveram avanços na compreensão das habilidades. Concluiu-se então que, o computador é uma ferramenta que oferece recursos significativos para potencializar o ato de aprender, a descoberta e situações de trabalhos em duplas no processo de aprendizagem. A intervenção realizada com o computador apresentou benefícios na aprendizagem e no desenvolvimento das habilidades cognitivas de seriação, conservação de quantidades e inclusão de classes em crianças e adolescentes com deficiência mental.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-07-21T11:55:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 3180013 bytes, checksum: af9b75ccb5db9313b0156f70cef6f81d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-21T11:55:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 3180013 bytes, checksum: af9b75ccb5db9313b0156f70cef6f81d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-09 / In this study, we investigated scenes of joint attention that occurs between teachers and children and among children themselves in the language acquisition process in a day care center from a public early childhood institution, with the following objectives: to analyze the structure and functioning of these social interactions; to identify skills these children have, considering the use of language and its multimodality; to discuss the importance of these scenes in fostering this acquisitional process. During our investigations, we chose to do a qualitative research, a case study type, of a longitudinal character. Video recordings and their transcripts constituted the corpus investigation. Filming occurred within a year, with weekly, biweekly and monthly intervals, respectively, and was directed to spontaneous and planned situations found in the institution‟s pedagogical routine, observing the structure and functioning of these mentioned scenes. Sixteen children between 09-30 months old, six teachers and the researcher were the subjects involved. We sought for elements in studies of joint attention, represented by Tomasello (1995; 1983; 2003; 2005; 2009) and Bruner (1974, 1983), and language, trying to establish a dialogue with the following authors in an interactionist perspective: Vygotsky (1991; 2005); Bakhtin (1988; 2003); Bruner (1983); and Tomasello (2003). The hypotheses to the questions that guided the research report that: in the day care center, scenes of joint attention between adults and children, and among children themselves, are structured and driven by adult language; in the these scenes, there is the child‟s perception of the other's intention in Tomasellians molds; children identify insights and statements of significance in the scenes mentioned; social interactions of joint attention are important for language acquisition and use by children. Our data confirm these hypotheses, however suggests reworking the first one. Therefore, children participation in these scenes seems to be driven also by the intense and constant use of this interaction format in the institution‟s pedagogical routine, making children to become experienced in them. Among the evidence of this study we included: another type of joint attention, the quadratic interaction; two complex cognitive skills in the children who participate in these mentioned scenes, the redirected and collective/collaborative attention; and evidence which characterize that these same children recognize the other's intentions through language in its multimodal use. We concluded that social interactions of joint attention between teachers and children are constitutive of language, in its multimodal use, and are relevant in the acquisition process of this phenomenon, which seems to be driven not only by the adult as an interactive partner, but by children themselves. We hope that this study will contribute to the debate in the sciences dealing with language in social interactions, and as part of early childhood institutions. / Dans cette étude, nous avons investigué des scènes d'attention conjointe que se produisent entre des professeurs et des enfants en procèss d'acquisition du langage, et, entre les propres enfants dans une garderie d'une intitution publique d'éducation des jeunes enfants, avec les objectifs de : analyser le structure et fonctionnement de ces intéractions sociales ; identifier des capacités qui les enfants présentent, concernant l‟utilisation de la langage et sa multimodalité ; discuter l‟importance de ces scènes à faciliter ce processus inquisicional. Dans les chemins d‟enquête, on a choisi une recherche de genre qualitatif, du type étude de cas et de caractère longitudinal. Des videos et leur transcriptions ont constituait le corp de cette recherche. Les tournages ont été faits pendant une année, avec des pauses hebdomadaires, bihebdomadaires et mensuels, et ont été dirigés à des situations spontanées et planifiées de la rotine pédagogique de l'institution enquêté, visant la structure et le fonctionnement des scènes mentionnées. Seize enfants âgés de 09-30 mois, six professeurs et la chercheuse ont été les sujets participants. Nous avons cherché des fondements en études sur l'attention conjointe, représentés par Tomasello (1995; 1983; 2003; 2005; 2009) et par Bruner (1974; 1983), et sur le langage, en cherchant à établir un dialogue dans une perspective interactionnelle, avec les auteurs suivants: Vygotsky (1991; 2005); Bakhtin (1988; 2003); Bruner (1983); et Tomasello (2003). Les hypothèses à questions, qui ont guidé l'enquête, disent que: des scènes d'attention conjointe entre des adultes et des petits, et entre les propres enfants, dans la garderie, sont structurés et fonctionnent entraînés par le langage du adulte. Dans cette scène, se produit la perception de l'intentionnalité de l'autre, par l'enfant, dans les moules tomaselliens. Il est possible l'identification des compréhensions et des significations indiquées, par les enfants, dans les scènes mentionnées; des interactions sociales d'attention conjointe sont importantes pour l'acquisition et l'utilisation du langage, pour ces enfants. Les données confirment ces hypothèses, par contre suggérent le remaniement de la primière. Ainsi donc, la participation des petits dans ces scènes semblent entraîné, également, par l'utilisation intensive et constante de ce format d'interaction dans la rotine pédagogique de l'institution enquêté, en devenant les enfants expérimentés dans cette participation. Deux importants évidences caractérisent le présent étude: l'indentification de l'autre type d'interaction d'attention conjointe, l'interaction quadratique, et de deux capacités cognitives complexes, par les enfants qui participent des scènes mentionées, l'Attention redirigé et l'Attention collective/collaborative ; et des preuves que caracterisent la reconnaissance de l‟intencionnalité de l‟autre, par rapport les mênes enfants, à travers du langage dans leur utilisation multimodale. Nous concluons que des intéractions sociales d'attention conjointe, entre des professeurs et des enfants, sont constitutives du langage et pertinentes dans le processus d'approvisionnement de ce phénomène, que semble être entraînée, non seulement par l‟adulte comme un partenaire interactif, mais par les enfants eux-mêmes. Nous éspèrons que cette étude peut contribuer au débat dans le cadre des sciences que traitant du langage dans les interactions sociales, et dans le cadre des institutions d'éducation des jeunes enfants. / Neste estudo investigamos cenas de atenção conjunta que ocorrem entre professoras e crianças em processo de aquisição da linguagem, e entre as próprias crianças, em uma creche de uma instituição pública de educação infantil, com os seguintes objetivos: analisar a estrutura e funcionamento destas interações sociais; identificar capacidades que apresentam essas crianças, considerando o uso da linguagem e sua multimodalidade; discutir a importância dessas cenas no favorecimento deste processo aquisicional. Nos caminhos investigativos, optamos por uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, do tipo estudo de caso e de caráter longitudinal. Vídeo gravações e suas respectivas transcrições se constituíram o corpus desta investigação. As filmagens foram realizadas no período de um ano, com intervalos semanais, quinzenais e mensais, respectivamente, e eram direcionadas para situações espontâneas e planejadas da rotina pedagógica da instituição investigada, com vistas na estrutura e funcionamento dessas mencionadas cenas. Dezesseis crianças na faixa etária de 09 a 30 meses de idade, seis professoras, e a pesquisadora, foram os sujeitos envolvidos. Buscamos fundamentos em estudos sobre atenção conjunta, representados por Tomasello (1995; 1983; 2003; 2005; 2009) e por Bruner (1974; 1983), e sobre a linguagem, procurando estabelecer um diálogo, numa perspectiva interacionista, com os seguintes autores: Vygotsky (1991; 2005); Bakhtin (1988; 2003); Bruner (1983); e Tomasello (2003). Às hipóteses aos questionamentos que nortearam a investigação, dizem que: cenas de atenção conjunta entre adultos e crianças, e entre as próprias crianças, no berçário, se estruturam e funcionam impulsionadas pela linguagem do adulto; nestas cenas, ocorre a percepção da intencionalidade do outro, pela criança, nos moldes tomasellianos; é possível a identificação de compreensões e significações de enunciados, pelas crianças, nas mencionadas cenas; interações sociais de atenção conjunta são importantes para a aquisição e uso da linguagem, por essas crianças. Nossos dados confirmam essas hipóteses, mas sugere a reelaboração da primeira. Assim sendo, a participação das crianças nessas cenas parece impulsionada, também, pelo uso intenso e constante deste formato de interação na rotina pedagógica da instituição investigada, tornando as crianças experientes nessa participação. Dentre as evidências deste estudo, destacamos: outro tipo de interação de atenção conjunta, a interação quadrática; duas complexas capacidades cognitivas, por crianças que participam dessas mencionadas cenas, a Atenção redirecionada e a Atenção coletiva/colaborativa; e indícios que caracterizam o reconhecimento da intencionalidade do outro, por essas mesmas crianças, através da linguagem em seu uso multimodal . Concluímos, dentre outros, que interações sociais de atenção conjunta, entre professoras e crianças, são constitutivas de linguagem e relevantes no processo de aquisição desse fenômeno, que parece impulsionado, não apenas pelo adulto, como parceiro interativo, mas pelas próprias crianças. Esperamos que esse estudo possa contribuir com o debate no âmbito das ciências que tratam da linguagem em interações sociais, e no âmbito das instituições de educação infantil.

Les cinq études détaillées au cours de cette thèse interrogent divers aspects de la théorie de l’esprit, de la conscience de soi ainsi que du lien (multiple ou unique) qui unit ces deux capacités sociocognitives si particulières. Les deux premières études mettent en évidence différentes variables qui peuvent – ou non- influencer l’attribution d’intention et de fausse croyance à autrui. La troisième étude porte plus précisément sur les différents composants de la conscience de soi et sur leur trajectoire développementale. La quatrième étude interroge le lien développemental entre la théorie de l’esprit et la conscience de soi, alors que la dernière étude questionne la présence de ce lien chez les chimpanzés (Pan Troglodytes). Nous démontrerons, tout au long de cette thèse, que la théorie de l’esprit et la conscience de soi sont composées de différents éléments et que leur acquisition est graduelle. / Doctorat en Sciences Psychologiques et de l'éducation / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Cette thèse par articles étudie les origines de la sophistication politique. Les chapitres un, deux et trois étudient l'impact d'une série de variables sur les connaissances politiques tandis que le chapitre quatre examine l'impact des connaissances politiques sur la façon dont les individus mettent à jour leurs opinions. Le premier article explore les effets de l'éducation collégiale, l'intérêt politique et les capacités cognitives sur le développement des connaissances politiques. Nous montrons que l'enseignement collégial général a un impact relativement petit sur le développement des connaissances politiques, mais l'enseignement collégial en sciences sociales et humaines a un impact positif sur la connaissance politique, mettant en évidence un effet substantiel de l'éducation. De plus, nous démontrons que les habiletés cognitives déterminent le niveau de connaissances générales, tandis que l'intérêt politique et l'éducation affectent également la variation des connaissances politiques au fil du temps. Le deuxième article étudie l'impact des aptitudes verbales à l'âge de cinq ans sur trois indicateurs importants de la sophistication politique: les connaissances politiques à 16 ans, ainsi que l'intérêt politique et la participation à 30 ans. Il est démontré que les aptitudes verbales à l'âge de 5 ans ont un impact fort et non linéaire sur les connaissances politiques à 16 ans, et l'intérêt politique à 30 ans, tandis que leur impact sur la participation future est fort et linéaire. Enfin, l'impact des variables parentales sur les connaissances politiques est considérablement réduit lorsque les compétences verbales précoces sont prises en compte. Le troisième article examine l'impact de l'ouverture aux expériences sur la sophistication politique. Il est soutenu que c'est l'intellectualisme qui explique la relation trouvée entre l'ouverture et l'information politique dans les recherches passées et que les nouvelles recherches utilisant le Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) ne devraient pas reproduire ce résultat. L'article soutient que c'est parce que l'échelle TIPI évalue l'aspect esthétique de l'ouverture et est mal adapté pour capturer sa composante intellectuelle. Il est également démontré que l'impact de l'intellectualisme en tant que trait de personnalité tient aussi lorsque les habiletés cognitives sont prises en compte. Le dernier article a deux objectifs. Le premier est de considérer l'impact des connaissances politiques sur les perceptions du biais médiatique. Le second est d'étendre la recherche sur les perceptions des biais médiatiques à un électorat non américain. Nous constatons que, comme c'est le cas aux États-Unis, les conservateurs sont plus enclins à croire en l'existence de biais médiatiques. Il est également démontré que les citoyens les plus informés sont plus susceptibles de penser que les médias sont biaisés, mais ils ne sont pas plus susceptibles de percevoir ces biais lorsqu'ils ne sont pas d'accord avec un journaliste. Par conséquent, il appert que les citoyens plus informés ne sont pas plus susceptibles de faire montre de raisonnement motivé. / This thesis by articles investigates the origins of political sophistication. Chapters one, two, and three investigate the impact of a series of variables on political knowledge, while Chapter four looks at the impact of political knowledge on how individuals update their opinions. The first paper explores the effects of college education, political interest, and cognitive abilities on the development of political knowledge. It is shown that general college education has a minimal impact on political knowledge development, but college education in social sciences and humanities has a positive impact on political knowledge, highlighting a substantive effect of education. Moreover, it is shown that cognitive skills determine one's general knowledge level, while political interest and education also affect political knowledge variation over time. The second paper looks at the impact of early verbal skills on political sophistication. This paper investigates the impact of verbal skills at five years of age on three important indicators of political sophistication: political knowledge at 16, as well as political interest and turnout at 30. It is shown that verbal skills at 5 years of age have a strong and non-linear impact on political knowledge at 16, and political interest at 30, while their impact on future turnout is strong and linear. Finally, the impact of parental variables on political knowledge is significantly reduced when early verbal skills are accounted for. The third article looks at the impact of openness to experience on political sophistication. This paper seeks to investigate this relation by distinguishing two different aspects of openness to experience that are sometimes overlooked: the aesthetic and the intellectual components of openness. It is argued that the latter explains the relation found between openness and political knowledge in past research, and that new research using the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) should not be expected to replicate this finding. The paper argues that this is because the TIPI scale assesses the aesthetic aspect of openness and is ill suited to capture its intellectual component. It is also shown that the impact of intellectualism as a personality trait also holds when cognitive skills are taken into account. The last paper has two goals. The first is to consider the impact of political knowledge on perceptions of media bias. The second is to extend research on media bias perceptions to a non-American electorate. It is shown that, as found in the US, Conservatives are more prone to believe in the existence of media bias. It is also shown that the most knowledgeable citizens are more likely to think that the media are biased, but they are not more likely to perceive bias when they disagree with a journalist. These results hold true even when a variety of potential confounding factors such as personality traits are taken into account.

Emotions and its effect on the individual’s general functioning are a key concept of humanity. The modern child is confronted with all kinds of emotional developmental tasks with direct influence on his ultimate figuration to adulthood. Emotion is an internal experience in contrast to the fact that various reactions are displayed externally as a result thereof. Children’s behavior demonstrates that which are experienced internally. It might also be a way to conceal especially those emotions. Emotional awareness manifests through demonstration or concealing of inner feelings. The child’s external reactions to inner feelings must be based on knowledge of what is being experienced. Behavior is mostly a reaction to ignorance of the inner experience which might manifest in anxiety attacks, anger and emotional episodes. Empowerment of the child to recognize and experience emotions enables him to gain insight of emotions as a natural part of human nature. This causes him to develop the ability to express emotion in a socially acceptable manner. The process of emotional awareness alerts the child to the fact those specific emotions results in specific bodily experiences. Emotional awareness is an indication of the child’s knowledge of emotions and its impact in emotional, physical and psychological reactions. It provides an explanation for anxieties and fears which enables the child to own these feelings and take control of it. The middle childhood phase is the period that follows the achievement of a mass of developmental skills like the mastery of language, control over bodily functions and cognitive abilities. These abilities are refined in this phase. Emotional awareness and especially concepts of self and the purpose of individuals in the systems that surrounds him evolves. Considerable part of the child’s day during this phase, is spent at school. Emotional wellbeing can thus efficiently be recognized and addressed by the educational system. The educator’s knowledge of emotional awareness will ensure meaningful emotional development of learners. Results obtained from questionaires completed by educators in primary education indicates a need for understanding of problem behavior in children. The need for education on emotional awareness and techniques for development of emotional awareness in learners is also expressed. The focus of this study is thus on the concept of educators regarding the emotional awareness of learners; the role of emotional awareness in the child’s development and the educators knowledge regarding development of emotional skills and promotion of emotional awareness. / Dissertation (MSD (Play Therapy))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Social Work and Criminology / MSD / unrestricted

Choisir un partenaire sexuel est une décision importante pour un animal. Parce que cette décision va considérablement affecter son succès reproducteur, l’individu doit se baser sur un ensemble de traits qui reflètent la qualité du partenaire. Depuis peu, une attention particulière est portée sur l’importance de la cognition dans le contexte de choix de partenaire. En effet, la capacité à percevoir, intégrer, mémoriser et utiliser l’information disponible dans l’environnement permet aux individus de répondre de manière appropriée aux problèmes qu’ils rencontrent et d’ajuster leur comportement en conséquent. Si les femelles retirent un bénéfice à s’apparier avec des mâles capables de répondre aux changements de leur environnement, ces derniers pourraient avoir un accès privilégié à l’appariement lors du choix de partenaire des femelles. Certaines évidences appuient cette idée en démontrant notamment des relations positives entre les capacités cognitives des mâles et leur succès d’appariement et reproducteur et en révélant des préférences sexuelles femelles pour des traits cognitifs mâles. Cependant, ces résultats restent très contrastés, particulièrement chez les animaux non humains où l’importance du choix de partenaire dans l’évolution de la cognition n’est pas encore clairement définie. L’objectif de ma thèse était donc d’explorer le rôle du choix de partenaire dans l’évolution de la cognition mâle et femelle en combinant l’approche observationnelle sur une espèce d’oiseaux monogame et l’approche théorique en utilisant un modèle à base d’agents. Plus précisément, en réalisant des expériences en laboratoire sur le Diamant mandarin (Taeniopygia guttata), j’ai notamment testé si les femelles démontrent une préférence pour des mâles capables d’ajuster leur comportement d’approvisionnement en réponse à un changement environnemental. J’ai ensuite examiné, dépendamment de leurs propres capacités cognitives, si les femelles expriment des préférences pour des mâles performants dans quatre tests psychométriques différents. J’ai finalement exploré les rôles respectifs de la sélection naturelle et intersexuelle en simulant l’évolution de la cognition sous différents scénarios environnementaux. Les résultats de cette thèse ont révélé que les femelles diamants mandarin exprimaient une préférence pour les mâles capables d’ajuster leur comportement d’approvisionnement ainsi que les mâles performants dans certaines tâches cognitives. Cependant, ces préférences n’étaient pas unanimes et dépendaient des propres capacités cognitives des femelles à performer dans ces différentes situations. À l’échelle évolutive, la sélection intersexuelle à travers le choix de partenaire modifiait les patrons d’évolution de la cognition prédits lorsque la sélection naturelle opérait seule. En effet, elle favorisait l’évolution de bonnes capacités cognitives lorsque les contraintes environnementales étaient faibles, mais maintenait de la diversité cognitive lorsque ces contraintes étaient élevées. Dans l’ensemble, ces résultats suggèrent que le choix de partenaire jouerait un rôle important dans l’évolution et le maintien de diversité cognitive au sein des populations. Néanmoins, les conséquences évolutives du choix de partenaire sur les capacités cognitives des individus dépendraient de l’avantage adaptatif à s’apparier avec un mâle plus performant, c’est-à-dire de la capacité cognitive mâle considérée, des caractéristiques des femelles et de l’environnement dans lequel ce choix est fait. / Choosing a mate is an important decision for an animal. Because this decision significantly affects an individual’s reproductive success, it must base its choice according to different traits that reflect the quality of potential mates. Recently, a particular attention has been given to cognitive traits in mate choice context. Indeed, the ability to perceive, integrate, memorize and use the information available in the environment allows individuals to act properly when facing a problem and to adjust their behaviours accordingly. Given that females could benefit from choosing males capable of responding to environmental changes, those with good cognitive abilities should have privileged access to females in mate choice contexts. Some evidence supports this idea by revealing positive relationships between males’ cognitive abilities and their mating and reproductive success as well as female mating preference for male cognitive abilities. However, these results stay contrasted, particularly in non-human animals for which the importance of mate choice in the evolution of cognition is still not clearly defined. The objective of my PhD was to explore the role of mate choice in the evolution of male and female cognition by combining an observational approach using a monogamous bird species and a theoretical approach using an agent-based model. Specifically, by running laboratory experiments on zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata), I tested whether females demonstrated a mate preference for males able to adjust their foraging behaviour following an environmental change. Then, I investigated whether females, depending on their own cognitive abilities, demonstrated a mate preference for better performers in four different psychometric tests. I finally explored the relative role of natural and sexual selection by simulating the evolution of cognition under different environmental scenarios. The results of this PhD project revealed that zebra finch females preferred males exhibiting greater behavioural plasticity in their foraging tactic use as well as males performing better in several cognitive tasks. However, females’ preference for cognitive abilities was not unanimous but depended on females’ own abilities to perform in these tasks. At the evolutionary scale, intersexual selection through mate choice changed the evolutive patterns observed under natural selection alone. In fact, intersexual selection promoted good cognitive abilities under most favourable environments but maintained cognitive diversity under the harsher ones. Taken together, these results suggest that mate choice plays an important role in the evolution and maintenance of cognitive diversity within populations. Nevertheless, the evolutive consequences of mate choice on individual cognitive abilities should depend on i) the adaptive value of mating with a male with better performance, and thus, on the cognitive ability considered, ii) the female characteristics and iii) the local environment during mate choice.

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