Darbe nagrinėjama propagandos samprata, animacijos bruožai, animacijos, kaip propagandos įrankio, naudojimo priežastis. Darbo tikslas - išnagrinėti animacijos, kaip propagandos įrankio, naudojimą. Siekiant šio tikslo nagrinėjama bendra propagandos sąvoka, remiantis amerikiečių psichologo Knight Duplan teorija bei nacionalsocialistų partijos naudota propaganda Antrojo pasaulinio karo laikotarpiu, aptariami animacijos, kaip vizualinės kūrybos formos, bruožai, remiantis animatoriumi Tomu Mitkumi, remiantis Gintautu Mažeikiu aptariama propaganda šiuolaikiniame kontekste, nagrinėjami propagandinės animacijos kūriniai (Education for Death: The Making of the Nazi(1943), Der Fuehrer's Face (1942), Ending Overfishing (2012)). Kūrybiniame darbe, remiantis gautomis teorinėmis žiniomis, pateikiama propagandos interpretacija. Galutinis kūrybinio darbo rezultatas – animacinis video kūrinys „Cary Care“. / This work analyzes the concept of propaganda, the main aspects of animation and the reasons of the use of animation as a tool of propaganda. The aim of this work is to analyze the use of animation as a tool of propaganda. The purpose of this work is being attained by describing the definition of propaganda and its main principles according to American psychologist Knight Duplan and discussing the national socialist party’s use of propaganda during the period of World War II, describing the main aspects of animation according to animator Tomas Mitkus, discussing the use of propaganda in modern times, according to Gintautas Mažeikis, and analyzing the examples of propaganda animation(Education for Death: The Making of the Nazi(1943), Der Fuehrer's Face (1942), Ending Overfishing (2012)). The attained theoretical knowledge is applied in the creative project. The creative projects gives the author‘s interpretation of propaganda. The final result of creative project is an animated video work „Cary Care“.

Šiame darbe teoriškai nagrinėjamas vaizuotės ir tikrovės santykis stop kadro animacijoje, toliau santykio tarp vaizduotės ir tikrovės interpretaciją pateikiant muzikiniame stop kadro animaciniame klipe. Teorinėje darbo dalyje analizuojama vaizduotės samprata apibrėžiant ir atskiriant vaizduotės ir fantazijos sąvokas. Aptariama tikrovės sąvoka ir keliamas jos realumo klausimas. Taip pat aptariama daiktiškumo ir fenomenologijos svarba tikrovei. Analizuojami vaizduotės šaltiniai: prisiminimo reprezentacija ir dabarties motyvacija vaizduotei. / In this work imagination and reality relation in stop-motion animation is analyzed theoretically, in which later those insights will be reflected and interpreted in a stop-motion animation music clip. The theoretical part of this work, the conception of imagination, is analyzed by defining and distinguishing the concept of imagination and phantasy. It discusses the concept of reality. Also the importance of materiality and the phenomenology to reality is discussed. The source of imagination is analyzed: representation of memories and motivation of present to imagination.

La protéine STOP (MAP6) associée aux microtubules joue un rôle clé dans l'architecture neuronale et la plasticité synaptique, dont les dysfonctionnements sont considérés comme étant impliqués dans la physiopathologie des maladies psychiatriques. En accord avec cette hypothèse, la délétion de la protéine STOP chez la souris, conduit à des altérations neuroanatomiques, biochimiques et comportementales, en partie atténuées par des traitements antipsychotiques. Dans cette étude, nous avons tout d'abord examiné les possibles altérations des systèmes monoaminergiques chez les souris STOP KO. Chez les souris mutantes, les marqueurs sérotoninergiques et noradrénergiques sont accumulés dans le mésencéphale et, au contraire fortement diminués dans toutes les régions de projections du cerveau antérieur. De plus, ces déséquilibres monoaminergiques sont associés à une augmentation du statut dépressif, une diminution du statut anxieux et des déficits dans des tâches d'apprentissage et de mémorisation. Les effets d'un traitement chronique par la fluoxétine ou par l'épothilone D, un composé analogue du taxol stabilisant les microtubules, sur l'humeur et les performances cognitives des souris STOP KO ont aussi été évalués. Le traitement chronique par la fluoxétine induit des effets paradoxaux sur le statut dépressif et le statut anxieux des souris STOP KO suivant les tests effectués, probablement à cause d'une hypersensibilité au stress. En revanche, les traitements chroniques à la fluoxétine et à l'épothilone D ont amélioré la mémoire à court terme des souris STOP KO. Dans l'ensemble, ces résultats indiquent que la délétion de la protéine STOP chez la souris induit de fortes altérations de l'humeur et des performances cognitives et que la protéine STOP pourrait avoir un rôle crucial dans le développement des systèmes monoaminergiques. / The microtubule-associated STOP (MAP6) protein plays a key role in neuron architecture and synaptic plasticity, the dysfunctions of which are thought to be implicated in the pathophysiology of psychiatric diseases. In line with this hypothesis, the deletion of STOP in mice leads to neuroanatomical, biochemical and severe behavioral alterations, partly alleviated by antipsychotics. In the present study, we first examined the likely monoaminergic alterations in STOP KO mice. In mutant mice, serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrin (NE) markers are accumulated in the midbrain and, in contrast, deeply depleted in all forebrain projection areas. Moreover, these monoaminergic imbalance were associated with a depression-like behavior, a decreased anxiety status and impairments in learning and memory tasks. The effects of a chronic treatment by fluoxetine or by epothilone D, a taxol microtubule-stabilizing compound, on the mood status of STOP KO mice were also characterized. Chronic fluoxetine treatment induced paradoxical effets on depressive and anxious status of STOP KO mice, depending on the paradigm used, and probably due to hypersensitivity to stress. On the other hand, both epothilone D and fluoxetine chronic treatments improved the short-term memory of STOP KO mice. Altogether, these data indicate that the deletion of STOP protein in mice caused deep alterations in mood and cognitive performances and that STOP protein might have a crucial role in the 5-HT and NE networks development.

Contribution au développement et à l'optimisation des machines électriques à courant continu pour des applications Stop-Start Résumé Actuellement le marché automobile est en forte demande de modèles hybrides capables de limiter les consommations et les rejets de CO2. Parmi les diff érentes solutions technologiques possibles, cette thèse traite d'un dispositif microhybride de type Stop-Start reposant sur l'utilisation de moteurs à aimants permanents à commutation mécanique. Ce travail de recherche, encadré par Valeo et le laboratoire de Génie Électrique de Grenoble (G2Elab), a pour vocation à élaborer des méthodologies de conception permettant une implémentation facile et à bas coût de cette fonction. L'étude se concentre sur une modélisation numérique rigoureuse de la machine électrique pour ensuite analyser plusieurs améliorations techniques du démarreur en vue d'augmenter ses performances. Pour cela nous avons développé un modèle précis et rapide de la machine grâce à une approche d'identication des paramètres par optimisation et en utilisant la méthode des plans d'expériences. Ce modèle nous a permis de proposer des structures de démarreurs renforcés adaptés à la fonction Stop-Start. / Contribution to the development and optimization of direct-current machines for automotive stop-start applications abstract currently in the automotive market, the demand for hybrid vehicles is booming. These vehicles are meant to reduce fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. Among various possible technological solutions, this thesis deals with one of the Stop-Start technologies of micro-hybrid vehicles that is based on the use of permanent-magnet brushed DC motors. The present work, performed under a partnership between Valeo and Grenoble Electrical Engineering laboratory (G2Elab), aims to develop new design methodologies allowing the implementation of this system in a cheap and easy way. The study focuses on a rigorous numerical modeling of the electrical machine in order to analyze several technical improvements and to achieve a better performing car starter. To this end, we have developed a fast and accurate numerical model of the motor through a parameter identication technique using the design of experiments optimization approach. This model has enabled us to propose several enhanced starter motor structures, suitable for the Stop-Start function.

Submitted by JÚLIO HEBER SILVA (julioheber@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-11-25T17:05:53Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Flávio Gomes de Oliveira - 2016.pdf: 9731436 bytes, checksum: eed88b1e37dae3d5c5ee11eebff687d9 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2016-11-28T17:32:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Flávio Gomes de Oliveira - 2016.pdf: 9731436 bytes, checksum: eed88b1e37dae3d5c5ee11eebff687d9 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-28T17:32:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Flávio Gomes de Oliveira - 2016.pdf: 9731436 bytes, checksum: eed88b1e37dae3d5c5ee11eebff687d9 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-01 / This work consists of a research on the use of puppets in many audiovisual productions, and also at analyzing the various types of puppets that are made for this type of application. After this analysis, map production system of this type of character by means of an inventory of the main characteristics that involve the proABSTRACT duction, use and animation of this type of character. Finally, propose the production of a short film made with various puppets that exemplifies the data obtained during the bibliographical research, this step presents the production processes of each type of puppet and the animation process thereof. / Este trabalho consiste em uma pesquisa sobre o uso de bonecos em produções audiovisuais diversas, bem como, analisar, os diversos tipos de bonecos que são produzidos para este tipo de aplica- ção. Após esta análise, mapear o sistema de produção deste tipo de personagem por meio de um levantamento das principais características que envolvem a proRESUMO dução, uso e animação de personagens deste tipo. Por fim, propor a produção de um curta metragem feito com bonecos diversos que exemplifique os dados obtidos durante a pesquisa bibliográfica, nesta etapa, são apresentados os processos de produção de cada tipo de boneco bem como o processo de animação dos mesmos.

The aim of this thesis is to analyze the change in response of Latin American governments to the economic crisis and thus the change in the character of protectionist measures applied. How do the means of the protection of domestic market change? How does the financial globalization reflect in the Latin American protectionism? What are the further perspectives of the development of Latin American countries? The thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter examines the forms of protectionism in the reaction to economic crisis of the 20th century. Firstly, it presents Latin America as a traditionally protectionist region in the period of the import substitution industrialization, secondly it focuses on governments' reactions to the cyclic crises of the 80s and 90s that were caused by the liberalization of the capital accounts and high sensitivity of Latin American economies to the sudden stop on financial markets. The second chapter is devoted to the current global economic crisis. It analyses the means of trade and financial protectionism. Simultaneously, it compares the protectionist measures used to the ones employed in previous periods. The final part of the thesis explores further perspectives of Latin American regionalism and improved macroeconomic stability of Latin American economies.

Stop-and-frisk has become a significant issue of debate in recent years with both the constitutionality and effectiveness of the practice coming into question. The New York City Police Department (NYPD) has especially come under scrutiny for their stop-and-frisk program in recent years with researchers finding that minorities and the disadvantaged were being targeted by the NYPD during stop-and-frisk encounters. The majority of the research had focused on New York City, and thus there was little data on the use of stop-and-frisk in other jurisdictions. Moreover, there were few studies that examined officer characteristics, such as college education, agency size, etc., on stop-and-frisk and their effect on officers’ understanding of Terry v. Ohio and the legal standard of reasonable suspicion. It was important to understand what extralegal factors police officers were considering prior to stopping someone to ensure that they were not profiling suspects. Moreover, it was necessary to determine if the officers were following the law regarding what factors constitute reasonable suspicion. A qualitative research design in the form of a case study was utilized to explore how college-educated police officers in small to mid-sized agencies in suburban Western Pennsylvania describe the factors that lead to their decision to stop-and-frisk an individual. The participating police officers possessed either a bachelor’s degree or master’s degree with varying levels of rank and experience. The officers were interviewed in person and questioned regarding their stop-and-frisk practices as well as their understanding of the legal requirements necessary prior to conducting such encounters. A general inductive approach was utilized to analyze the data. NVivo software was utilized to identify categories and themes within the participant interviews consistent with a general inductive approach. A number of categories were identified in reference to how the officers described the legal and extralegal factors that led to their decision to stop-and-frisk when the interview responses were analyzed.

A significant number of known human genetic diseases is associated with nonsense mutations leading to the introduction of a premature termination codon into the coding sequence. A termination codon can be read through by its near-cognate tRNA (tRNA with two anticodon nucleotides base-pairing with a stop codon); potentially generating C-terminally extended protein variants. In yeast, UGA stop codon was described to be read through by tRNA-Trp and tRNA-Cys. Similar was observed for tRNA-Trp in human HEK293T cell line. The aim of this thesis was to investigate if human tRNA-Cys can act as a near-cognate tRNA in human HEK293T cell line. There are two isoacceptors which constitute the tRNA-Cys family, with ACA and GCA anticodon. There are 1 and 23 isodecoders to the ACA and GCA anticodons, respectively. Here, altogether as many as nine tRNA-Cys isodecoders (distinct in their sequence and with varying levels of expression) were tested for their ability to increase UGA readthrough in HEK293T using p2luci and pSGDluc dual-luciferase reporter vectors. In both p2luci and pSGDluc, we observed that at least one tRNA-Cys isodecoder, tRNA-Cys-GCA-4-1, is capable of significantly elevating the UGA readthrough levels when overexpressed in HEK293T. This indicates that similarly to yeast, tRNA-Cys is capable of...

The purpose of this report was to analyze the elements of a bus stop consolidation program for the San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency (SFMTA). This research shows that increasing stop spacing distances increases walking distances, but in places with high transit and stop density, most access distances will not be beyond a five to ten minute walk. In general, European cities with high transit mode shares recommend stops every 1300 feet. American guidelines recommend stops between approximately 800 to 1300 feet. According to the literature review, fewer stops can lead to a more reliable service. Time savings on the route also translate into significant cost savings for the agency. This paper presents a methodology for creating stop elimination proposals based on factors such as ridership, transfer points, and existing bus shelters or infrastructure. Public input can help to determine which bus stops are key locations. This methodology was used to propose stop consolidation for one bus route in San Francisco: Route 1 California Inbound. The route was then evaluated based on information from the literature review. The yearly savings can be as much as $340,000 to $930,000 per route.

Sammanfattning Tillverkande företag i dagens moderna samhälle står inför utmaningar eftersom kraven på ökad effektivitet blir mer framträdande. Men i ett producerandes företags vardag kan ibland problem uppstå som innebär att produktionen måste stannas upp för att åtgärda problemen. Det blev därmed intressant för denna studie att undersöka vilken inverkan som dessa stopp kan ha på ett företag. Syftet med studien blev därmed att öka kunskap om hur produktionsstopp påverkar produktionseffektivitet. För att uppfylla studiens syfte framställdes följande frågeställningar:  1. Vilka stopporsaker har störst inverkan på produktionseffektiviteten? 2. Vilka åtgärder kan vidtas för att förbättra produktionseffektiviteten? För att besvara studiens frågeställningar och därmed uppfylla studiens syfte har en fallstudie genomförts. Fallstudien genomfördes på ett tillverkande företag som ville undersöka stopptiderna i deras produktion. Genom en dokumentstudie, litteratursökning och intervjuer har empiriskt material samlats in. Fallstudien, tillsammans med det teoretiska materialet, har varit grunden till den analys och diskussion som har genomförts för att komma fram till resultat och förbättringsförslag. Resultat Studiens resultat visade att det fanns flera orsakande och bidragande faktorer som skapar stopp i en produktionslinje. Studien fann att en stor del av effektivitetsförlusten i produktionen berodde på ställtid och att stoppets komplexitet gör att företag kan behöva lägga ner mycket energi på att korrigera den. Genom att uppfylla dess syfte siktar studien på att ta fram förbättringsförslag som kan vara användningsbara för företag i liknande situationer. Under studiens skrivprocess uppkom det dock ett flertal oförutsägbara händelser, exempelvis pandemin av Covid-19. Därmed har studien avgränsats till produktionseffektivitet genom OEE beräkning. De resultat och förbättringsförslag avgränsades till maskintillgänglighet, alltså omfattar inte studien andra delar i produktionen som påverkar produktionseffektiviteten. / Abstract Manufacturing companies in today’s modern society are facing challenges since the demand on higher efficiency gets more prominent. But during a manufacturing company´s working day problems might arise that demand a stop in the production to resolve the problem. Therefore, it became of interest to this study to find out which impact these stops might have on production efficiency. The purpose of this study is thereby to increase knowledge about how stops in the production might affect production efficiency. To fulfil the purpose of this study, the following research questions have been designed:  1. Which stop causes have the biggest impact on the production efficiency?  2. Which actions can be made to improve the production efficiency?  To answer the research questions and therefore fulfil the purpose, a case study was conducted. This case study was conducted at a manufacturing company that wanted to investigate the stop times in their production. Through a document study, literature review and interviews, the empirical material was collected. This case study, together with the findings in the theoretical material, has been the basis for the analysis and discussion that were made to reach a result and find improvements.  Findings  Findings show that there are several individual and contributing factors that may cause stops in a production line. The study found that downtime in production may be the biggest and most complex stop cause in a production and that companies might need to put in plenty of effort to improve it. By fulfilling this study´s purpose the study serves to make these corrections easier and provide suggestions that might come in handy for companies in similar situations.  However, due to unforeseen events, such as the pandemic of Covid-19, the study had been limited to production efficiency by OEE calculation. The results and suggestions of approvement is limited to machine availability, therefore the study will not research other parts of the production that might affect production efficiency.