The distribution, behaviours, and composition of dusky dolphin (Lagenorhynchus obscurus) nursery groups off Kaikoura, New Zealand, were examined. Data were collected during January–May 2005 and December 2005–April 2006 by systematic boat based surveys, group focal follows and photo-identification techniques. A total of 99 nursery groups were encountered on survey. Nursery groups were encountered in shallow water (<20 m) significantly more often than in deeper water (>20 m). Other group types (large groups, mating groups, adult non-mating groups) were not found in shallow water significantly more often than in deeper water. By staying in the shallower water, nursery groups may be protected from aggressive conspecifics and predators. More boats, especially private recreational boats, were found in the shallower waters, indicating that nursery groups are at greater risk from encounters with boat motors or recreational fishing gear in such areas. Group focal follows of at least 30- minutes were conducted on 56 nursery groups. Calves engaged in significantly more high energy behaviours (displays and head first re-entries) than non-calves in nursery groups. These groups were predominantly resting and compactly organized (interanimal distance less than 1 adult body length). Nursery groups showed a high level of synchrony, with 44% of groups synchronizing their submergence and surfacings for most of the focal follow. Median group size was 14, with a minimum of 2 mother-calf pairs to a maximum of 50 mother-calf pairs. A total of 260 individuals were catalogued as members of nursery groups during the two field seasons. Of these, 112 individuals were seen in nursery groups on at least two different days. Some individuals photographed with young calves in nursery groups off Kaikoura were later photographed in Admiralty Bay, 275 km northwest of Kaikoura. Other individuals photographed together in nursery groups in 2005 were also together in nursery groups in 2006.

To invest children is to invest the future of the country. Preschool education is to establish the basis of children¡¦s future learning. Children stage is the key stage of the development of the personality. Parent¡¦s feeding and teaching is basic for the growth of children. According to the transition of the society and the change of the family structure, double-salavy families increase. The public nursery perform the social welfare and take care the vulnerable children. A school, facing the challenges of factors including lobby groups, liberation of education, and marketing education, has now to continue seeking for and developing a certain ¡§sustainable competition edge¡¨ by mapping out visions and strategies in the quest of proper performance scale indices to guide and encourage the efforts from its members in achieving excellency in educational performance. The contexts of the balanced scorecard present the very scale index to transform the vision and strategy of an organization into four aspects respectively of finance, customer, internal flow, earning and growth. Meanwhile, through the scalable index to guide the exercise and control of strategies and to act out the strategies, the leader of the organization is able to more easily follow up the characteristics of the results of the strategies. Therefore, the balanced scorecard has become the hottest strategy control means in the time of knowledge economy. This object of research is the public nursery Kaohsiung county Daliau Township and through the discussion of the balancecards to manage the effects and strategy of the public nursery.The process is: First of all, to discuss the developmental profile and the topic analysis the public nursery. As the subjects of the study started with SWOT analysis in the field of study, followed with the organization of a core team to establish a model of success for school to clarify and confirm the configuration of vision and strategy of the school. Then a mind-map was created to construct the strategy objectives. Based on the mind-map, the strategy map was built up to identify the feasible performance scale indices, and finally, options to follow through were concluded. The goal of this research attempts to develop a complete and robust strategic management system for the case study school that could convert strategy into actiorns. The main conclusions of this research are followed: 1. Though being applicable to a school, the balanced scorecard must be readjusted for its configuration at the right timing. 2. Discover the problems of the case school: strategy was intangible and the case school lacked consensus of strategy; there was a gap between the development of a strategy and its implementation; the performance of strategy couldn¡¦t be measured and get strategic feedback; and the performance measurement system didn¡¦t link with strategy. 3. According to the problems the case school faced, this research uses a systematic method to clarify and refine the vision and strategy framework (the Model of Success) of the school at first, which consists of vision, mission, requirements of success, and guiding principles. Then, based on the Model of Success, BSC can be developed, which contains four perspectives of strategic objectives, measuresand action plans, to help the pulic nursery communicate and manage strategy. 4. The benefits to the case school from building BSC consist of clarifying and refining the vision and strategy and building consensus, implementing strategy well, monitoring the strategy and getting strategic feedback, and linking the performance measurement system with strategy and establishing a complete BSC.

DL-Methionine (Met) has been conventionally used in swine diets with assumption of similar bioefficacy with L-Met. However, because L-Met is the form that is utilized by animals for protein synthesis, L-Met could, theoretically, be more available. Four experiments were conducted to evaluate L-Met bioavailability in nursery pigs with 21-day growth trials. A total of 105,105,112 and 84 crossbred pigs were used in Exp. 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Each experiment had a low Met basal diet and 3 levels of the Met sources (DL-Met and L-Met). In addition to the basal diet, supplementation levels were 0.053%, 0.107% and 0.160% in Exp. 1, 0.040%, 0.080% and 0.120% in Exp. 2, 0.033%, 0.067% and 0.100% in Exp.3, 0.040%, 0.080% and 0.120% in Exp. 4. Body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), gain: feed (G:F) were measured and plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) was analyzed in blood samples weekly. In Exp. 3 and 4, preference studies were conducted with the basal diet and the second highest level of each Met source. When additional DL-Met or L-Met were supplemented to the basal diet, BW, ADG, ADFI, and G:F ratio increased (P < 0.05). In the comparison between the DL-Met and L-Met diets in Exp. 1, pigs in the L-Met group had greater ADG and G:F ratios in the d 0-7 (P < 0.05) period than those in the DL-Met group. However, there were no differences for the overall experimental period. In Exp. 2, pigs in the DL-Met group had greater BW (P < 0.05), ADG (P < 0.05) and ADFI (P < 0.05) than those in the L-Met group for the overall period whereas no differences were observed in G:F ratios and PUN concentrations. In Exp. 3 and 4, there were no differences in BW, ADG, ADFI, G:F ratios or PUN concentrations between L-Met and DL-Met groups for the overall period. There was no preference exhibited for either the DL-Met or L-Met diet. In the results of relative bioavailability of L-Met to DL-Met, the values was 111.1% for d 0-14 based on the estimation by ADG in Exp. 1; L-Met bioavailability was lower than DL-Met based on all response measures in Exp. 2. However, in Exp. 3, relative bioavailability of L-Met to DL-Met was 100.4, 147.3, and 104.1% for d 0-14 ADG, G:F ratio and PUN concentrations. In Exp 4, the relative bioavailability of L-Met was 92.9, 139.4 and 70.4% for d 0-14 ADG, G:F ratio and PUN concentrations. In conclusion, using L-Met in the nursery diet demonstrated no consistent beneficial effect on ADG, G:F ratio or relative bioavailability compared to conventional DL-Met.

Η παρούσα εργασία αποτελεί μια εισαγωγή στο ηλεκτρονικό φάκελο υγείας και την εφαρμογή του στα νοσηλευτικά ιδρύματα της χώρας με εκτενέστερη αναφορά στους επαγγελματίες υγείας που συνδέονται άμεσα με την εφαρμογή και τα αποτελέσματα του στις Μονάδες Υγείας και με ειδικότερη μνεία στο ρόλο του νοσηλευτή. Tο πρώτο κεφάλαιο περιλαμβάνει την εισαγωγή του ηλεκτρονικού φακέλου υγείας με τον ορισμό του και την ιστορική του αναδρομή σε γενικές γραμμές αλλά και με ειδικότερη αναφορά στην Ελλάδα. Στο δευτερο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζεται εκτενέστερα η έννοια και η δομή του ηλεκτρονικού φακέλου υγείας με τα πλεονεκτήματα και τα μειονεκτηματά του. Επίσης γίνεται μια απλή αναφορά στα πρότυπα τυποποίησης του ηλεκτρονικού φακέλου υγείας, στα ολοκληρομένα πληροφοριακά συστήματα υγείας,στη διοίκηση της υγειονομικής περιφέρειας (πρώην ΔΥΠΕ ), στα επίπεδα της πληροφοριακής οργάνωσης στα νοσοκομεία με εκτενέστερη περιγραφή του συστήματος καθώς και με εκτενέστερη περιγραφή του συστήματος των ραντεβού. Τέλος έχουμε μια αναφορά στο διεθνές σύστημα κατηγοροποίησης των ασθενειών (ICD), στην ηλεκτρονική υγεία (e-health ) και στα εμπόδια της ανάπτυξης του ηλεκτρονικού φακέλου υγείας. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζεται ο ορισμός της έξυπνης κάρτας υγείας και οι προτάσεις για την εφαρμογή της. Το τέταρτο κεφάλαιο αναφέρεται στη νομοθετική προστασία των ευαίσθητων προσωπικών δεδομένων με ειδική αναφορά στο ιατρικό και νοσηλευτικό προσωπικό. Στο πέμπτο κεφάλαιο έχουμε την εφαρμογή του ηλεκτρονικού φακέλου υγείας στην ελληνική πραγματικότητα από τους επαγγελματίες υγείας (ιατρονοσηλευτικό προσωπικό, διοικητικό και εργαστηριακό προσωπικό, στατιστικολόγους και ερευνητές). Στο έκτο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζεται η ειδική μνεία στο νοσηλευτικό προσωπικό και στη χρήση του ηλεκτρονικού φακέλου υγείας από τους νοσηλευτές. Το έβδομο κεφάλαιο είναι μια σύντομη αναφορά στον ηλεκρονικό φάκελο υγείας, στην κωδικοποίηση της πληροφορίας καθώς και στον ενοποιημένο ηλεκτρονικό ιατρικό φάκελο υγείας που εφαρμόζεται στο Γενικό Νοσοκομείο Παπαγεωργίου και στο Κ. Υ. Ιτέας. Το όγδοο κεφάλαιο αποτελείται από το παράδειγμα εφαρμογής του Ιατρικού φακέλου υγείας στο Γενικό Νομαρχιακό Νοσοκομείο Αμαλιάδος. Το ένατο κεφάλαιο αποτελείται από το παράδειγμα εφαρμογής του Ιατρικού φακέλου υγείας στην Ορθοπαιδική κλινική του Πανεπιστημιακού Νοσοκομείου Πατρών. Οι εξελίξεις και τα συμπεράσματα που αφορούν τον ηλεκτρονικό φάκελο υγείας αποτελούν το δέκατο κεφάλαιο και τον επίλογο της παρούσης εργασίας. / The current diplomatic dissertation is an introduction to Electronic Medical Records and its apply to the medical institutes of Greece, a comprehensive description is being made for the medical personnel which is directly associated with its apply to Health Units and with specific mention to the role of nurse. The first chapter consist an introduction to the Electronic medical records, the definition and the retrospect in the rest world and more specific in Greece. In the second chapter, it is widely presented the concept and the structure of the EMR with its advantages and disadvantages. Also there is a reference to the standards of formulism of the EMR, to the aggregate informational health systems, to the health administration, to the levels of the informational system in the hospitals, a widely description of the appointment system is being made. Finally, references for the international classification of disease, electronic health and the obstacles in development of the EMR. In the third chapter the definition of the smart health card and the proposals of its apply are being presented. The fourth chapter refers to the legal protection of the private data and especially how the medical personnel is being involved. The fifth chapter included the apply of the EMR in Greece, by the medical personnel (nurse, doctor, laboratories, administration, researchers) The sixth chapter is the presentation of the use of EMR from the nurses in Greece. The seventh chapter is a quick reference to the EMR, to the classification of the information, as well as in the aggregate EMR that the hospital Papageorgiou in Thessaloniki and the K.Y Iteas use. The eighth chapter consists from the example of the application of EMR in the hospital of Amaliada. The ninth chapter consists from the example of the application of the university hospital of Patra. The development and the conclusions that involve the EMR consist the tenth chapter and the afterword of this diplomatic dissertati

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Magistro darbe yra pateikiamos strategijos bei strateginio valdymo sampratos bei reikšmės organizacijos valdymo kontekste. Išanalizuoti strateginiui valdymui reikšmingi aspektai, remiantis lietuvių ir užsienio autorių teoriniais bei praktiniais darbai strateginio valdymo, organizacijos strategijos kūrimo srityse. Išsamiai išanalizuotas ugdymo institucijos tobulinimo, plėtros bei kaitos aspektas kaip svarbus ugdymo institucijos konkurencingumą įtakojantis veiksnys. Pateikiama ikimokyklinio ugdymo situacijos bei sampratos analizė, numatytos pagrindinės ikimokyklinio ugdymo plėtros kryptys, kurių pagrindu orientuojamasi į LR išskirtus nacionalinius ikimokyklinio ugdymo tikslus bei uždavinius. Atlikta Radviliškio lopšelio – darželio „Eglutė“ SSGG analizė, veiksnių, įtakojančių ugdymo institucijos veiklą, analizė, pedagogų anketinės apklausos duomenų analizė. Tyrimai parodė, kad Radviliškio lopšelio – darželio „Eglutė veiklos plėtra galėtų pasižymėti šiais strateginiais prioritetais: aukštu pedagogu pajėgumu, ugdymo institucijos veiklos kokybe bei papildomu ugdymu. / Master's thesis submitted to the strategy and strategic management concepts and meaning in the context of the organization's management. To analyze the strategic management of the significant aspects in accordance with Lithuanian and foreign authors, theoretical and practical work in strategic management, organizational strategy fields. Depth examination of educational institutions to improve, change and development as an important aspect of the educational institution in influencing the competitiveness factor. Available pre-school situation and the concept of analysis of the key developments in the pre-school education with a focus on the basis of LR isolates of national pre-school educational goals and objectives. Done Radviliskio nursery - kindergarten "Christmas tree" SWOT analysis of the factors that influence the activities of educational institutions, an analysis of teacher questionnaire survey data analysis. Studies have shown that Radviliskio nursery - kindergarten "Christmas tree business development could result in the following strategic priorities: high-capacity teacher, an educational institution in the quality and extra-curricular.

The purpose of the study was to determine the attitudes and judgments of public school superintendents in the State of Indiana in regard to the public school system and early childhood programs. Early childhood education was defined as: parent education for parents of young children, nursery school (prekindergarten) for children of ages three and four, kindergarten for five year olds, and day care programs for children.A questionnaire containing forty-five items was developed and refined with the aid of the Northeastern Indiana School Study Council serving as the pilot study group. A questionnaire was sent to all 289 superintendents of public school corporations in Indiana. Two hundred five, or 71 per cent of the superintendents replied to the questionnaire. The data were analyzed and reported as raw numbers, percentages, and totals.Major findings included:1. Approximately 51 per cent of the superintendents indicated the present educational services available to all three, four, and five year old children were not adequate in the school districts represented.2. Approximately 80 per cent of the schools did not provide educational programs for adults relating to the role of the parent.3. Approximately 78 per cent of the superintendents strongly agreed the early childhood programs should have been concerned about all aspects of a young child's development.4. Over 95 per cent of the responding superintendents indicated strong agreement or agreement that the family had the primary responsibility and the rest of society had a supplemental responsibility for providing adequate health, education, and care of young children.5. Approximately 64 per cent of the respondents strongly agreed or agreed that teaching people ways to be better parents was an educational need in the community.6. Approximately 63 per cent of the superintendents disagreed that day care and nursery school programs in the community might have been best provided by the public school.7. Approximately 97 per cent of the superintendents strongly agreed or agreed the availability of revenue for financing programs for young children was limited.8. Approximately 87 per cent of the superintendents expressed agreement that an enriched experience in a planned educational program was important to a young child's development.9. A total of approximately 63 per cent of the respondents agreed or strongly agreed early childhood services could be effective when delivered through the public school system.10. Approximately 57 per cent of the responding superintendents disagreed or strongly disagreed that the nursery school for three and four year old children should have been operated as an integral part of elementary education in the public schools.Conclusions were:1. Early childhood programs, outside the home, were a need in the State of Indiana. Kindergarten programs were not available for all five year old children. The educational needs for all three, four, and five year old children were not being adequately met.2. A program teaching high school students and adults how to be competent parents was a need in the State of Indiana. A t the same time competency as a parent was judged to be an important element for the provision of meaningful experience in a young child's life.3. Approximately 75 per cent of the superintendent's attitudes and judgments concerning the philosophy of early childhood development was in agreement with the review of research and related literature.4. Superintendents expressed agreement that a Planned educational program was important in a young child's development and the public schools could effectively deliver the early childhood services. However, over one-half of the superintendents expressed disagreement that the educational programs for three and four year old children should be operated in the public schools.

Attitudes of middle class mothers and fathers toward nursery school education were measured and compared. The subjects were parents of children who attended the Utah State University nursery school. A scale was developed to test parental attitudes. Attitudes toward nursery school education were definitely favorable. Comparison of attitudes expressed by mothers with those expressed by fathers revealed significant differences between the two groups, when the total number of responses of all scale items were considered together. The total scale included 48 items comprising three subscales , which tested the following parental attitudes toward nursery school education: attitudes concerning a child's independence or dependence as it relates to nursery school attendance , attitudes pertaining to the value that the nursery school has for a child, and attitudes toward the care and guidance of a child while at nursery school. Comparisons of attitudes of mothers and fathers in each of these three areas disclosed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in attitudes expressed. Mean scores of mothers and fathers were 77.4 and 76.2, respectively. The scale used to measure attitudes was found to discriminate significantly between the high and low scoring subjects. However, an item analysis of the scale revealed few individual items which could discriminate significantly between the high and low scoring subjects.

No description available.

No description available.