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Utilização da bola suíça na assistência ao parto em serviços públicos do município de São Paulo / The use of the Swiss Ball during labor at public obstetric services in São PauloSilva, Lia Mota e 31 May 2010 (has links)
A bola suíça vem sendo usada para promover a posição vertical, a movimentação da mulher e a mobilidade pélvica durante o trabalho de parto. Seu emprego na atenção obstétrica requer elucidações mais precisas sobre sua aplicação. Este estudo descritivo teve como objetivo caracterizar o uso da bola suíça na assistência à mulher, durante o trabalho de parto e foi realizado em 35 maternidades públicas do Município de São Paulo. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista, pelo uso de um formulário estruturado, realizado com uma enfermeira de cada instituição pública. Os resultados demonstraram que a bola é empregada em 100% dos Centros de Parto Normal e em 40,9% dos Centros Obstétricos. Dentre as profissionais entrevistadas, 88,6% tinham conhecimento do uso da bola em parturientes. Quanto à utilização da bola: 77,5% das enfermeiras orientam a mulher a permanecer uma hora fazendo exercícios; 34,8% indicam a bola para auxiliar na descida e no encaixe da apresentação fetal; 37,8% afirmam que a existência de uma intercorrência obstétrica é a principal causa para contraindicar; 87,1% orientam o uso da bola associado à outra prática não farmacológica e dentre estas; 54,6% vinculadas ao banho de aspersão; 32,9% relataram como maior benefício o auxílio na descida e no encaixe da apresentação fetal e 67,7% consideram a experiência da bola como boa na perspectiva das parturientes. Todas as enfermeiras realizam algum tipo de higienização da bola. Quanto aos movimentos e posições orientadas às parturientes no uso da bola, as respostas foram: 36,5% referem-se à posição sentada com apoio; 31,8% aos movimentos de propulsão (abaixa e levanta); 30,5%, aos movimentos rotatórios com o quadril e 1,2%, às posições ajoelhada e apoiada com o tronco sobre a bola. Apenas um serviço dispunha de protocolo para utilizar a bola suíça. Concluiu-se que as diretrizes para o uso da bola suíça como instrumento de incentivo à mobilidade e prática de conforto durante o trabalho de parto não estão bem estabelecidas, embora seu uso seja prevalente em ambientes voltados à normalidade do parto e nascimento, como os Centros de Parto Normal. / The Swiss ball has been used to promote the vertical position, the movement of women and pelvic mobility during labor. Its use in obstetric care requires more accurate elucidation concerning its application. This descriptive study aimed to characterize the use of Swiss ball in care for women during labor. It was carried out in 35 public hospitals in São Paulo. These data were obtained through interviews, performed with nurses at public maternity services using a structured form. The results showed that the ball is used in 100% at the Normal Birth Centers and 40.9% at a hospital, in a conventional birth unity. Among the professionals interviewed 88.6% knew about the use of the ball in labor care. Regarding the use of the ball: 77.5% of nurses used to recommend the woman to have exercises during one hour, 34.8% indicated the ball to help fetal presentation descent into the maternal pelvis, 37.8% related the existence of a obstetric complications is the main cause to contraindicate its use, 87.1% oriented use of the ball associated with other non-pharmacological practice and among these, 54.6% with shower bath, 32.9% reported as the greatest benefit the aid in fetal presentation descent into the maternal pelvis and 67.7% considered the experience of the ball as good from the womens perspective. All the nurses performed some cleaning process at the ball surface. About the movements and positions suggested to the mothers in the use of the ball, the answers were: 36.5% refer to a sitting position with support, 31.8% on the movement of propulsion (up and down), 30.5% to rotational movements with the pelvis and 1.2% to kneeling position and supported with the trunk on the ball. Only one service had a protocol for using the Swiss ball. It is concluded that the guidelines for using the Swiss ball as a tool to encourage mobility and practice of comfort during labor are not well established, although its use is prevalent in environments targeted the childbirth as natural process, such as the Birth Centers.
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Fatores associados à cesariana de mulheres acompanhadas por enfermeiras obstétricas em um serviço de pré-natal / Factors associated with cesarean section in women accompanied by nurse-midwives in a prenatal care service.Merighe, Lecy dos Santos 05 July 2013 (has links)
Introdução: Nas últimas décadas, as taxas de cesarianas vêm aumentando significativamente em todo o mundo, com índices excessivamente superiores aos 15% recomendados pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). Nos diversos países, as taxas são variáveis, bem como nas diferentes regiões brasileiras. Na região Sudeste, as taxas atingem 58,2%, e na região Norte, são de 41,8%. Objetivos: 1. Verificar a prevalência e as indicações de cesarianas de gestantes atendidas em um serviço de pré-natal de baixo risco; 2. Verificar a associação das cesarianas com as variáveis sociodemográficas e obstétricas. Método: estudo transversal realizado no Amparo Maternal, maternidade filantrópica de São Paulo, cujo atendimento é feito exclusivamente pelo Sistema Único de Saúde às mulheres de baixo risco obstétrico. O atendimento pré-natal é de responsabilidade de enfermeiras obstétricas e, no parto, a assistência obstétrica é conduzida por obstetrizes/enfermeiras obstétricas, e a atuação médica ocorre na assistência aos partos cirúrgicos e intercorrências. Os dados foram obtidos de prontuários de seguimento de pré-natal e da internação para o parto de 264 mulheres. No estudo, foram incluídas as mulheres matriculadas no pré-natal em 2011 e que deram à luz na mesma instituição. As indicações da cesariana foram classificadas em: fetais, materno-fetais e maternas. A análise descritiva dos dados sociodemográficos e obstétricos foi feita, e para indicar a associação entre o tipo de parto e as variáveis maternas foi calculada a razão de prevalência com intervalo de confiança de 95%. O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: A prevalência de cesariana foi de 28,4%; as indicações fetais (44,0%) foram as mais frequentes, seguidas das maternas (33,3%) e das materno-fetais (22,7%). A cesariana atual apresentou associação com: cesariana prévia (RP=6,07; IC95%: 2,96-12,46); obesidade (RP=2,07; IC95%: 1,31-3,27); idade gestacional de 41 semanas (RP=1,57; IC95%: 1,00-2,47); colo impérvio na internação (RP=8,16; IC95%: 3,45-19,31); dilatação cervical 1 a 4 cm (RP=3,03; IC95%: 1,27-7,24); apresentação pélvica/córmica (RP=3,36; IC95%: 2,32-4,87); peso ao nascer 4.000g (RP=1,90; IC95%: 1,03-3,52). Ter idade inferior a 20 anos (RP=0,49; IC95%: 0,26-0,92) e ter recebido infusão de ocitocina (RP=0,29; IC95%: 0,20-0,44) foram fatores de proteção para a cesariana na gestação atual. Conclusões: Tratando-se de mulheres de baixo risco, a prevalência de cesariana foi superior ao limite recomendado pela OMS, e os fatores associados correspondem aos encontrados nas literaturas nacional e internacional. / Introduction: In recent decades, cesarean rates have increased significantly worldwide, with rates excessively above the 15% recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Rates vary across countries and in the different regions of Brazil. In southeastern rates reach 58.2%, while the in north is 41.8%. Objectives: 1. Check the prevalence and indications for cesarean sections of pregnant women attending an antenatal low risk; 2. Check the association of cesarean sections with sociodemographic and obstetric variables. Methods: cross-sectional study in Amparo Maternal, philanthropic maternity hospital in São Paulo, whose service is provided exclusively by the Health System to women at low obstetric risk. The prenatal care is the responsibility of nurse-midwives, childbirth, obstetric care is conducted by nurse-midwives and medical action occurs in cesarean section and complications. The data were obtained from medical records tracking prenatal and hospitalizations of 264 women. The study included women enrolled in prenatal care in 2011 and who gave birth at the same institution. The indications for cesarean section were classified as fetal, maternal-fetal and maternal. The data analysis were made of sociodemographic and obstetric and to identify the association between mode of delivery and maternal variables was calculated prevalence ratio with a confidence interval of 95%. The project was approved by the Ethics in Research. Results: The prevalence of cesarean section was 28.4%; fetal indications (44.0%) were the most frequent, followed by maternal (33.3%) and maternal-fetal (22.7%). The actual cesarean section was associated with cesarean section in a previous pregnancy (PR = 6.07, 95% CI: 2.96, 12.46), obesity (PR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.31, 3.27), 41 weeks gestational age (PR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.00, 2.47); impervious lap at admission (PR = 8.16, 95% CI: 3.45, 19.31) dilation 1 to 4 cm (PR = 3.03, 95% CI: 1.27, 7.24); mal presentations (PR = 3.36, 95% CI: 2.32, 4.87); birthweight 4.000g (RP = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.03, 3.52). Aged less than 20 years (PR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.26, 0.92) and having received oxytocin infusion (PR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.20, 0.44) were factors protection for caesarean section in the current pregnancy. Conclusions: The prevalence of cesarean section in low risk women higher than the limit recommended by WHO and the indications were strictly medical. The risk factors correspond to those found in the national and international literature.
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Ações humanizadoras na assistência ao parto: experiência e percepção de um grupo de mulheres em um hospital-escola / Humanizing actions during childbirth: a group of women´s experiences and perceptions at a hospital-schoolWei, Chang Yi 08 May 2007 (has links)
O objetivo deste estudo foi explorar as experiências que mulheres, usuárias de um hospital de ensino, tiveram por ocasião da sua internação para o parto, comparando com uma internação anterior para parto em um período superior a 5 anos. Foram enfocados intervenções específicas da assistência ao processo de parturição no centro obstétrico: enema, deambulação, alimentação, acompanhantes, contato pele a pele com o bebê, tricotomia e episiotomia. Foram entrevistadas 35 mulheres que tiveram seus filhos de partos vaginais na instituição, em dois momentos: antes e após a implantação de ações humanizadoras da assistência ao parto. A análise quantitativa dos temas abordados permitiu uma avaliação das mudanças nas práticas assistenciais, e o enfoque qualitativo possibilitou conhecer as percepções das mulheres em relação às suas convicções sobre o processo de parturição. Além das sete práticas diretamente envolvidas na assistência ao parto, foram abordados dois aspectos relativos à instituição: a escolha do hospital e a percepção geral da assistência recebida nessa internação no centro obstétrico. Os resultados deste estudo permitiram vislumbrar o panorama da assistência prestada ao parto com a implantação de práticas assistenciais voltadas à humanização, bem como o impacto que essas mudanças vêm causando nas usuárias / The objective of this dissertation was to investigate the experiences that women all users of a Hospital School-, had had for occasion of their hospitalization during childbirth, comparing them with their previous hospitalization for childbirth in a period at least superior to five years. Thirty-five women who´ve had vaginal childbirths in the institution have been interviewed at two moments: before and after the implementation of humanizing actions of skilled care during childbirth. Specific interventions during childbirth care in the obstetric center have been focused: enema, deambulation, feeding, companions, skin to skin contact with the baby, shaving and episiotomy. The quantitative analysis of the approached themes allowed evaluation of the changes in care practices, and the qualitative approach made it possible to know the womens perceptions in relation to their own convictions about childbirth care. Besides these seven procedures directly involved with childbirth care, two other aspects concerning the institution have been considered: the choice of the hospital and the general perception of the care received during hospitalization in the obstetric center. The results of this study have made possible to us a survey of the panorama of childbirth care after the implementation of humanization procedures in care during childbirth and the impact that these changes in procedures have brought to their users
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Analgesia perineal pela bolsa de gelo após o parto normal: ensaio clínico randomizado / Perineal analgesia with ice packs after vaginal delivery: randomized clinical trialLeventhal, Lucila Coca 04 December 2008 (has links)
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a efetividade da aplicação da bolsa de gelo na dor perineal após o parto normal. Trata-se de um ensaio clínico, randomizado e controlado, realizado no Centro de Parto Normal do Amparo Maternal, na cidade de São Paulo. A população foi dividida em três grupos Experimental, que utilizou bolsa de gelo no períneo; Placebo, bolsa de água na temperatura ambiente e Controle, sem bolsa. Os critérios de inclusão foram: idade 18 anos, nulíparas de termo, com apresentação cefálica, estar entre 2 e 48 horas de após parto normal, referir dor perineal 3, sem intercorrências clínicas ou obstétricas e com recém-nascido (RN) em boas condições. Os critérios de exclusão foram: síndrome de Raynaud, recusar ou retirar a bolsa. As bolsas foram aplicadas por 20 minutos. Nos três grupos foram controladas as temperaturas perineais, da bolsa, ambiental e axilar. Para avaliação da dor, foi utilizada a escala numérica de zero a dez, sendo zero ausência de dor e dez, dor insuportável. Após a aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Escola de Enfermagem da USP, deu-se a coleta de dados em janeiro e fevereiro de 2008. Foram elegíveis ao estudo 117 mulheres, com a recusa de três, restando 114; 38 em cada grupo. A média de idade das mulheres foi de 22,2 anos; 83,3% tinham ensino médio; 89,5% possuíam companheiro com co-habitação; 49,1% tinham trabalho remunerado; 84,2% não eram pretas e 50,9% tiveram o marido como acompanhante no parto. O trauma perineal ocorreu em 94,4% das mulheres, sendo 64,0% com episiotomia. Quanto às variáveis numéricas, as médias observadas foram: 20,6 h tempo de pós-parto com dor perineal, 3.254 g o peso do RN, 3,4 cm de comprimento do trauma perineal, 36,5°C de temperatura axilar, 26,9°C de temperatura ambiental e 32,7°C de temperatura inicial do períneo. Nos três grupos houve semelhança em todas as variáveis de caracterização estudadas. A temperatura inicial média da bolsa de água foi de 27,2°C, e a do gelo de 3,8°C. A média de temperatura perineal, após os 20 minutos de intervenção, foi 34°C no grupo controle, 30,9°C no placebo e 12,6°C no experimental. Comparando-se a média de dor inicial após 20 minutos intragrupo, observou-se que nos três grupos (controle, placebo e experimental) ocorreu redução significativa da dor (p<0,001). Na comparação entre os grupos, verificou-se que o experimental apresentou média de dor inferior ao controle (1,6 versus 3,3; p=0,032). Houve diferença significativa (p=0,003) na porcentagem de melhora da dor perineal entre os três grupos. O grupo experimental foi o que mais referiu alívio da dor, com 22 (57,9%) puérperas apresentando melhora acima de 50% e 13 (34,2%) que informaram melhora entre 30% e 50%. Ao se comparar as médias de dor entre 20 e 40 minutos e entre 40 e 60 minutos não foram constatadas diferenças estatísticas intragrupo e entre os grupos controle, placebo e experimental. Concluiu-se que o uso da bolsa de gelo por 20 minutos foi eficaz para o alívio da dor perineal após o parto normal / The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ice pack application in perineal pain after vaginal delivery. It is a randomized clinical trial controlled and was held at the Birth Center of the Amparo Maternal, in Sao Paulo. The population was divided in three groups - Experimental, which used ice packs on the perineum, Placebo, which used water packs at room temperature, and Control, which did not use any treatment. The inclusion criteria were: age 18 years, nulliparous women, cephalic presentation, time between 2 and 48 hours after normal birth, noting perineal pain 3, no medical or obstetric complications and newborn (NB) in good condition.The exclusion criteria were: Raynaud\'s syndrome and refusal or withdrawal of the packs. The packs were applied during twenty minutes. In all three groups the temperature of perineum, pack, environment and armpit were controlled. For pain assessment a numerical scale from 0 to 10 was used, zero for no pain and ten for unbearable pain. After approval by the Research Ethics Committee of the School of Nursing of the University of São Paulo, the data was collected in January and February 2008. For this study, 117 women were considered eligible but 3 refused to participate; the remaining 114 were divided in three groups of 38. The average age of the women was 22.2 years, 83.3% had high school education, 89.5% lived with a partner, 49.1% had paid jobs, 84.2% were not Afro-descendants and 50.9% had their husband as companion in childbirth.The perineal trauma occurred in 94.4% of the women, 64.0% of them with episiotomy. As numerical variables the averages were: 20.6 h time of postpartum perineal pain, 3254 g weight of newborns, 3.4 cm length of perineal trauma, 36.5 °C armpit temperature, 26.9 °C temperature of environment and 32.7 ° C perineum initial temperature. There were similarities in all groups, in all the variables studied for characterization. The average initial temperature was 27.2 °C for water packs and 3.8 °C for ice packs. Twenty minutes after intervention, the average perineal temperature was 34 °C in the control group, 30.9 °C in the placebo group and 12.6 °C in the experimental group. Comparing the pain average at the beginning and after 20 minutes, it was observed that in the three groups (control, placebo and experimental) there had been a significant reduction of pain (p <0.001). In the comparison between groups it was found that the experimental group had a lower pain average than the control group (1.6 versus 3.3, p = 0.032). There was a significant difference (p = 0.003) in the percentage of improvement in perineal pain among the three groups. The experimental group reported the greatest pain relief, with 22 (57.9%) mothers showing improvement above 50% and 13 (34.2%) reporting improvement between 30 and 50%. When comparing the average pain between 20 and 40 minutes and between 40 and 60 minutes no statistical difference was found within each group and among the control, placebo and experimental groups. It follows that the use of ice packs for twenty minutes was effective for perineal pain relief after vaginal delivery
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Entre o planejado e o imprevisível: processo decisório sobre o momento de ir para o hospital em busca de assistência ao parto / Between the planned and the unpredictable: decision process about the time to go to the hospital to search for childbirth careReis, Jéssica Gallante 17 December 2013 (has links)
Introdução: A assistência ao parto passou por diversas e intensas modificações ao longo do tempo. A mais evidente foi a mudança de seu local de realização, que passou do ambiente domiciliar para o hospitalar. Esta mudança implicou na necessidade da parturiente reconhecer o momento ideal de sair de casa e dirigir-se ao hospital em busca de assistência. Objetivos: Explorar quais fatores influenciam o processo decisório da gestante sobre o momento de sair de casa em busca de assistência ao parto e entender como são exercidas tais influências. Identificar quais pessoas interferem nesta decisão. Reconhecer quais são as demandas por suporte social e por assistência profissional das gestantes em relação ao referido processo decisório. Metodologia: Neste estudo foi utilizada abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa. Optou-se pela utilização de análise de narrativa como método de estudo. Os dados foram coletados junto a 30 puérperas internadas no setor de alojamento conjunto de um hospital público localizado na Cidade de São Paulo. Foi realizada análise temática das narrativas produzidas, agrupamento das unidades de significado de cada uma delas, identificação dos elementos temáticos comuns às mesmas, elaboração de categorias temáticas e validação das categorias com as participantes do estudo. Resultados: Foram elaboradas duas categorias descritivas para expressar a experiência coletiva: Recebendo orientações, suporte social e fazendo escolhas: o planejamento da ida para o hospital no momento do parto e Entre o planejado e o imprevisível: o processo decisório sobre o momento de ir para o hospital em busca de assistência ao parto. Considerações finais: O processo decisório das mulheres é fundamentado, sobretudo, na rede de suporte social e nas orientações recebidas de profissionais de saúde. Os profissionais atuantes no pré-natal devem desenvolver ações mediante consideração do contexto social das gestantes e integração da família no atendimento. Isto é fundamental para a qualidade da assistência / Introduction: The childbirth care has passed through several different and intense modifications over time, of which the most evident was the change of the place where it is performed, which has passed from the home context to the hospital. This change resulted in the need of the pregnant woman recognize the ideal moment to leave home and go to the hospital searching for childbirth care. Objectives: To explore what are the factors that influence decision process related to the moment to go to the hospital searching for the childbirth care and how these influences are exerted, identify people who interfere this decision and identify the demands for social support and professional support for pregnant women in relation to the decision process regarding to leave home to search for the childbirth care. Method: The theme was approached through qualitative research. The narrative analysis was the research method. Data were collected from 30 women in the rooming-in setting of a public hospital located in the City of São Paulo. The thematic analysis of the narratives was performed, meaning units of each narrative was grouped, thematic elements common to narratives were identified, and the elaborated categories were validated by the study participants. Findings: Two descriptive categories that express the collective experience were elaborated: \"Receiving guidance, social support and making choices: planning the going to the hospital at the moment of childbirth\" and \"Between the planned and the unpredictable: decision process about the time to go to the hospital searching for childbirth care\". Final Considerations: The decision-making process of women is reasoned especially in the social support network and also in the orientation received from health care providers. The professionals involved in prenatal care should develop actions considering the pregnant womens social context and the family members should be integrated in the provision of prenatal care. The adoption of these measures is essential for the improvement of the quality of care
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Psychopathology in offspring of parents with bipolar disorder: three studies exploring riskFreed, Rachel Deborah 12 March 2016 (has links)
Offspring of parents with bipolar disorder (BD) are at high risk for psychiatric disorders, but mechanisms conferring risk are not well understood. Identifying and understanding factors that increase offspring vulnerability may inform intervention efforts. Three studies examined the following risk factors: (1) obstetric complications (OCs); (2) family functioning; and (3) clinical characteristics of parental BD. Investigations included cross-sectional data from two Massachusetts General Hospital studies of 109 BD parents and 206 offspring.
Study 1 examined associations between: (1) maternal lifetime comorbid anxiety and OCs in pregnancy/delivery; (2) OCs and development of offspring psychopathology. Associations emerged between maternal anxiety and OCs. OCs, particularly during delivery, also correlated with offspring anxiety disorders. Path analyses revealed that delivery complications mediated the relationship between maternal and offspring anxiety.
Study 2 examined associations between family functioning (cohesion, expressiveness, conflict) and offspring psychopathology, and explored moderation by offspring age and sex. Higher conflict and lower cohesion correlated with offspring internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Lower cohesion correlated with offspring mood disorders. Moderation analyses indicated that the link between cohesion and internalizing symptoms was stronger for younger compared to older children. Also, conflict and mood disorder were associated in younger boys, but not in older boys or in girls.
Study 3 classified parents according to BD course presentation using latent class analysis, and examined associations between parental class membership and offspring psychopathology. The best-fitting model yielded three parent groups that were based on 8 illness characteristics. Some notable patterns differentiated classes: Class 1 and 2 parents had earlier illness onset, whereas Class 3 parents had later onset; Class 2 consisted of parents with Bipolar-II Disorder, whereas Class 1 parents had Bipolar-I Disorder. Class differences emerged for offspring anxiety disorders, but only among females. Class 3 parents had girls with fewer anxiety disorders compared to the other classes, with girls of Class 2 parents at greatest risk.
Altogether, these studies identify several specific environmental mechanisms that increase psychopathology risk in offspring of BD parents. Such findings have important implications for targeted prevention and intervention.
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Teoria do conforto para promoÃÃo da saÃde no cuidado de enfermagem à parturiente / Comfort theory for the promotion of health in nursing care to the parous womanIsolda Pereira da Silveira 30 March 2010 (has links)
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / O conforto à esperado por toda mulher que entra em trabalho de parto, na forma de ajuda, atenÃÃo, presenÃa e solicitude da enfermeira obstetra e da presenÃa de familiares, do acompanhante, da doula e de toda a equipe que està direcionando para ela toda espÃcie de cuidado. Objetiva-se desvelar o cuidado confortador à parturiente, como meta de enfermagem para a promoÃÃo da saÃde, nos contextos, fÃsico, ambiental social e psicoespiritual. Estudo descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, sobre o conforto à parturiente que se encontra em trabalho de parto. O local para o desenvolvimento do estudo foi o centro de parto normal de uma maternidade-escola pÃblica de grande porte, em Fortaleza, CearÃ. Os sujeitos foram nove parturientes admitidas ao centro de parto normal, em trabalho de parto, sem apresentar risco obstÃtrico, e que aceitaram por espontÃnea vontade participar do estudo. Os dados foram coletados nos meses de setembro a dezembro de 2009. Foram usadas como tÃcnicas a observaÃÃo livre e a entrevista semiestruturada. Para a manutenÃÃo de registros, usou-se o diÃrio de campo. Para anÃlise dos dados empregou-se o mÃtodo proposto por Bogdan e Biklen (2006). Com o tratamento e operacionalizaÃÃo da anÃlise dos dados, identificaram-se as seguintes categorias: Significado do conforto ambiental, significado de desconforto, significado de sentir-se confortÃvel, significado do conforto recebido. Acredita-se na conscientizaÃÃo dos trabalhadores de Enfermagem quanto à descoberta que a pesquisa revelou. à oportuno que os enfermeiros reflitam sobre o conforto com visÃo ampliada. Conforme os resultados obtidos e jà com a ideia amadurecida, elaborou-se um roteiro identificando as necessidades de conforto nÃo satisfeitas pelas parturientes, deste modo, direcionamos o cuidado de enfermagem obstÃtrica, tendo como foco o conforto à parturiente na promoÃÃo da saÃde no centro de parto normal. A tese defendida atendeu e respondeu ao que foi focado: o conforto como subsÃdio para a constituiÃÃo da prÃtica da Enfermagem ObstÃtrica voltada à parturiente, em uma nova visÃo - a inserÃÃo do cuidado de Enfermagem ObstÃtrica na promoÃÃo da saÃde tendo como base o conforto à parturiente nos contextos fÃsico, ambiental, psicoespiritual e social. / Comfort is expected for every woman going into labor in the form of aid, attention, presence and care of the obstetric nurse and the presence of family, the attendant, the doula and the entire team that is driving her to all kinds of care. It aims to uncover the comforting care for women during childbirth as a goal of nursing to health promotion in the contexts, physical, environmental, social and psycho. A descriptive study, qualitative approach, on the comfort women giving birth that is in labor. The place for the development of the study was the delivery center of a large public maternity hospital, in Fortaleza, CearÃ. The subjects were nine pregnant women admitted to the Birth Center, in labor, without providing obstetric risk, and who agreed to voluntarily participate in the study. Data were collected from September to December 2009. Techniques were used as free observation and structured interviews. For the maintenance of records, it was used the field diary. Data analysis employed the method proposed by Bogdan and Biklen. With treatment and operation of the data analysis yielded the following categories: Significance of environmental comfort, Meaning of discomfort, Meaning of feeling comfortable, Meaning of comfort received. We believe in the awareness of the nursing workers as the discovery that the research has brought. It is appropriate that nurses reflect on the comfort with larger view. Depending on the outcome and has matured with the idea is to draw up a roadmap identifying the needs for comfort not satisfied by pregnant women, therefore, we direct the provision of midwifery care, focusing on the comfort women giving birth in health promotion Birth Center. The thesis argues attended and responded to that was made: the comfort and benefits to make up the practice of Obstetric Nursing focused on the parturient, a new vision - the addition of Obstetric Nursing care to promote health of the mother, based on the comfort women giving birth in physical contexts, environmental, psycho and social.
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Association among Neonatal Mortality, Weekend or Nighttime Admissions And Staffing in a Neonatal Intensive Care UnitStanley, Leisa J 04 April 2008 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to investigate the time of admission to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and its association with in-hospital mortality among a cohort of neonates at a regional perinatal center. Two different time points were considered: admissions on the weekend versus the weekday and admissions during the nighttime shift versus the day shift. The secondary purpose of the study was to investigate if registered nurse staffing affected this association between NICU admission day or admission time and in-hospital death.
Three separate databases were used which contained information on NICU admissions, hospital deliveries and nurse staffing. These databases were linked resulting in data for each individual mother-infant pair for each separate admission to the NICU. Readmissions to the NICU, NICU admissions which could not be linked with the delivery data, admissions from the Newborn Nursery and transfers from other hospitals were excluded from the study. The final study population consisted of 1,846 admissions from October 1, 2001 through December 31, 2006.
Weekend admissions were lower than weekday admissions (29.6% versus 70.4%) and nighttime admissions were lower than day admissions (43.2% versus 56.8%). Infants admitted at nighttime were more likely to be low birth weight, have lower Apgar scores and less likely to be delivered by cesarean section. Weekend admissions did not differ significantly from weekday admissions, except weekend admissions were more likely to be Black (33.6% versus 28.6%, p=.30).
After adjusting for infant's acuity and other covariates using multivariate logistic regression, the odds of dying on the weekend was not significantly different than weekday admissions (AOR=1.06, 95% CI=.653-1.721) and were not significantly different for nighttime admissions (AOR=1.14, 95% CI=.722-1.79). Nurse staffing was not a significant covariate. Covariates which were significant risk factors for death prior to discharge were non-Black race of the infant, Apgar score of less than 7 at five minutes, presence of a fetal anomaly, and use of ventilation during the stay. Infant's birth weight was a significant protective factor.
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Investigation of novel endocrine markers of early pregnancy and later pregnancy healthTong, Stephen January 2004 (has links)
Abstract not available
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Fear pain stress hormones during labor /Alehagen, Siw January 2002 (has links) (PDF)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Univ., 2002. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.
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