261 |
The relationship between school climate, classroom climate, and emotional intelligence in primary school learners from Durban, KwaZulu-NatalErasmus, Sasha 11 1900 (has links)
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 149-190) / Abstract in English and Afrikaans / This study aimed to determine whether classroom climate or school climate is a greater
predictor of emotional intelligence in South African primary school learners from Durban,
KwaZulu-Natal, as well as which factors promote and which inhibit its development. A
purposive sample of 119 primary school learners from six classes in two government schools
in Durban was obtained. The learners assessed their classroom climate with the My Class
Inventory (short form) (MCI-SF), and their emotional intelligence with the Trait Emotional
Intelligence Questionnaire (Child Short Form) (TEIQue-CSF). The six teachers assessed the
school climate with the School Level Environment Questionnaire (SLEQ). Results suggest
that classroom climate is a predictor of emotional intelligence while school climate is not;
that satisfaction and cohesiveness positively correlate with emotional intelligence levels, and
friction, competitiveness, and difficulty negatively correlate with emotional intelligence
levels. The identified relationship between classroom climate factors and emotional
intelligence warrants further research into the topic. / M.A. (Psychology) / Hierdie studie het ten doel gehad om te bepaal of klaskamerklimaat of skoolklimaat 'n groter
voorspeller van emosionele intelligensie by Suid-Afrikaanse laerskool leerlinge van Durban,
Kwazulu-Natal is, asook watter faktore die ontwikkeling bevorder en watter die ontwikkeling
daarvan belemmer. 'n Doelgerigte steekproef van 119 laerskool leerlinge van ses klasse in twee
regering skole in Durban is verkry. Die leerlinge het hulle klasklimaat beoordeel met behulp
van die ‘My Class Inventory (short form) (MCI-SF)’, en hulle emosionele intelligensie met die
‘Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (Child Short Form) (TEIQue-CSF)’. Die ses
onderwysers het die skoolklimaat beoordeel met die ‘School Level Environment Questionnaire
(SLEQ)’.. Resultate dui daarop dat klasklimaat 'n voorspeller van emosionele intelligensie is
terwyl skoolklimaat nie is nie; dat tevredenheid en samehorigheid positief korreleer met
emosionele intelligensievlakke, en wrywing, mededingendheid en probleme negatief korreleer
met emosionele intelligensievlakke. Die geïdentifiseerde verwantskap tussen klimaatfaktore in
die klaskamer en emosionele intelligensie regverdig verdere navorsing oor die onderwerp. / Psychology
|
262 |
Adapting and validating the Strengths Use and Deficit Improvement Questionnaire for educators in Gauteng / Rachele PaverPaver, Rachele January 2014 (has links)
Education is essential in providing future human capital that is much needed to build a sustainable, competitive economy. However, the importance of a quality education is often underestimated. In order to enhance working conditions of educators, it seems essential to investigate the role of the positive psychology paradigm by means of developing teachers’ areas of deficiencies and capitalising on their strengths in order for them to reach their full potential and flourish. The current study aimed to adapt and validate the recently developed Strengths Use and Deficit Improvement Questionnaire (SUDIQ) in an attempt to make it suitable for educators.
The general objective of this research study was to establish the psychometric properties of the SUDIQ by means of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), convergent, discriminant and empirical validity. A cross-sectional field survey design and a convenience sample of educators from several educational institutions in the Gauteng Province (N = 502) was utilised to gather the data. CFA was used to test the factorial validity of the adapted SUDIQ scale. In order to prove convergent and discriminant validity, the relationships between the SUDIQ dimensions and similar theoretical constructs (job resources, strengths use, psychological capital, proactive behaviour and person-job fit) as well as constructs postulated to be unrelated to the SUDIQ dimensions (age and education) were determined. Finally, the relationship between the SUDIQ dimensions with vigour, dedication, emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation was determined by using multiple regression analysis.
The results confirmed that the SUDIQ comprised a four-factor structure. These four factors were perceived organisational support for strengths use, perceived organisational support for deficit improvement, proactive behaviour towards strengths use and proactive behaviour towards deficits improvement. These dimensions were positively related to the scales such as the strengths use scale, autonomy, supervisor and colleague support, psychological capital, proactive behaviour, and person-job fit. Anticipated perceived organisational support for deficit improvement and proactive behaviour towards strengths use and proactive behaviour towards deficit improvement were unrelated to age. The scales were also relatively weakly related to education. Furthermore, the results revealed that perceived organisational support for strengths use, proactive behaviour towards strengths use and proactive behaviour towards deficit improvement were significant predictors of both vigour and dedication. However, it was found that the only SUDIQ dimension that predicted emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation was proactive behaviour toward strengths use.
Recommendations were made to be applied in practice, as well as for future research. / MCom (Industrial Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
|
263 |
Adapting and validating the Strengths Use and Deficit Improvement Questionnaire for educators in Gauteng / Rachele PaverPaver, Rachele January 2014 (has links)
Education is essential in providing future human capital that is much needed to build a sustainable, competitive economy. However, the importance of a quality education is often underestimated. In order to enhance working conditions of educators, it seems essential to investigate the role of the positive psychology paradigm by means of developing teachers’ areas of deficiencies and capitalising on their strengths in order for them to reach their full potential and flourish. The current study aimed to adapt and validate the recently developed Strengths Use and Deficit Improvement Questionnaire (SUDIQ) in an attempt to make it suitable for educators.
The general objective of this research study was to establish the psychometric properties of the SUDIQ by means of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), convergent, discriminant and empirical validity. A cross-sectional field survey design and a convenience sample of educators from several educational institutions in the Gauteng Province (N = 502) was utilised to gather the data. CFA was used to test the factorial validity of the adapted SUDIQ scale. In order to prove convergent and discriminant validity, the relationships between the SUDIQ dimensions and similar theoretical constructs (job resources, strengths use, psychological capital, proactive behaviour and person-job fit) as well as constructs postulated to be unrelated to the SUDIQ dimensions (age and education) were determined. Finally, the relationship between the SUDIQ dimensions with vigour, dedication, emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation was determined by using multiple regression analysis.
The results confirmed that the SUDIQ comprised a four-factor structure. These four factors were perceived organisational support for strengths use, perceived organisational support for deficit improvement, proactive behaviour towards strengths use and proactive behaviour towards deficits improvement. These dimensions were positively related to the scales such as the strengths use scale, autonomy, supervisor and colleague support, psychological capital, proactive behaviour, and person-job fit. Anticipated perceived organisational support for deficit improvement and proactive behaviour towards strengths use and proactive behaviour towards deficit improvement were unrelated to age. The scales were also relatively weakly related to education. Furthermore, the results revealed that perceived organisational support for strengths use, proactive behaviour towards strengths use and proactive behaviour towards deficit improvement were significant predictors of both vigour and dedication. However, it was found that the only SUDIQ dimension that predicted emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation was proactive behaviour toward strengths use.
Recommendations were made to be applied in practice, as well as for future research. / MCom (Industrial Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
|
264 |
A strategic sequential, integrated, sustainable organisation-stakeholder relationship (SISOSR) model for building stakeholder partnerships : a corporate communication perspectiveSlabbert, Yolandi 11 1900 (has links)
A dominant focus on organisational stakeholders is currently evident in both the literature and in practice since it is argued that the success of organisations is predominantly dependent on stakeholders’ perception of the organisation. This stakeholder emphasis is evident in the inclusion of a chapter on governing stakeholder relations in the King III report and the development of various stakeholder standards in South Africa, including corporate social investment, corporate governance, corporate citizenship, corporate sustainability and the triple bottom line. Despite the recognition of the importance and necessity of building and maintaining stakeholder relations in the literature, there is a dearth of research on how to actually build these relationships. The aim of this study was to address this shortcoming by proposing a generic, integrated approach to sustainable organisation-stakeholder relationship (OSR) building with strategic stakeholders whereby strategic stakeholder identification, OSR development and OSR maintenance, which are often studied independently, would be integrated in order to constitute a new unified model. This model will promote a sustainable OSR-building process for organisation-stakeholder partnership (OSP) development.The following three building blocks for such a model were proposed: a strategic communication foundation that promotes the integration of specific corporate communication functions that is practised from a two-way symmetrical communication perspective as the basis for effective OSR building; a theoretical foundation, which is an integration of Freeman’s stakeholder concept (1984) from a normative, relational viewpoint, Ferguson’s relational paradigm for public relations (1984) and Ledingham’s (2003) theory of relationship management, encapsulated by Grunig’s (1984) excellence theory, of which the proposed OSR-building model would be a pragmatic representation; and a conceptualisation of the OSR-building model where the actual phases of the OSR-building process would be proposed to provide step-by-step guidance for OSR building. This model promotes a partnership approach with strategic stakeholders, which is based on the proposition of an OSR development continuum, which implies that an OSR could grow in intensity over time, from a foundational OSR, mutually-beneficial OSR, sustainable OSR, to ultimate organisational-stakeholder partnerships (OSPs).
This model was built from a corporate communication perspective, and subsequently highlighted the contribution of corporate communication in the organisation as an OSR-building function to ensure organisational effectiveness. This study provided an exploratory literature review to constitute a conceptual framework for OSR-building of which the principles of the framework would be further explored and measured in leading listed South African organisations, by means of a quantitative web-based survey and qualitative one-on-one interviews to compose an OSR-building model that provides guidance on the process of OSR building on the basis of insights from theory and practice. / Ingevolge die argument dat die sukses van organisasies hoofsaaklik afhanklik is van die persepsies wat belangegroepe oor organisasies het, word ‘n dominante fokus tans op organisatoriese belangegroepe in die literatuur en praktyk geplaas. Die fokus op belangegroepe is sigbaar in die insluiting van ‘n hoofstuk oor die bou van belangegroepverhoudings in die King III verslag asook die ontwikkeling van verskeie belangegroepstandaarde in Suid Afrika, wat korporatiewe sosiale verantwoordelikheid, korporatiewe burgerskap, korporatiewe volhoubaarheid en drievoudige eindresultaat insluit. Ten spyte daarvan dat die belangrikheid en noodsaaklikheid van die bou en behoud van belangegroepverhoudings erken word in die literatuur, is daar ‘n tekort aan navorsing oor hoe om die verhoudings te bou. Die studie poog om dié tekortkoming aan te spreek deur middel van ‘n generiese, geϊntegreerde benadering vir volhoubare organisatoriese-belangegroepvershoudings (OBV) met strategiese belangegroepe voor te stel, waar strategiese belangegroep identifikasie, OBV ontwikkeling en OBV instandhouding, aspekte wat dikwels afsonderlik bestudeer word, geintegreer word in ‘n nuwe, verenigde model. Hierdie model sal ’n volhoubare OBV verbouiingsproses voorstel vir die ontwikkeling van organisatoriese-belangegroepvennootskappe.
Drie boustene word vir die model voorgestel naamlik; ‘n strategiese kommunkasie fondasie wat die integrasie van spesifieke korporatiewe kommunikasie funksies vanuit ‘n twee-rigting simmetriese kommunikasie perspektief as basis vir die effektiewe bou van OBV insluit; ‘n teoretiese fondasie wat ‘n integrasie van Freeman (1984) se belangegroepkonsep van ‘n normatiewe, verhoudingsstandpunt, Ferguson (1984) se verhoudingsparadigma vir openbare skakelwerk en Ledingham (2003) se verhoudingsbestuursteorie insluit, omhul deur Grunig (1984) se uitnemendheidsteorie, waarvan die voorgestelde OBV model ‘n praktiese voorstelling sal wees; en ‘n konseptualisering van OBV-verbouing wat die fases van die OBV proses sal stipuleer om stap-vir-stap riglyne vir die bou van OBV voor te stel. ‘n Vennootskapsbenadering met strategiese belangegroepe word voorgestel deur die model, wat gebaseer is op die proposisie van ‘n OBV ontwikkelingskontinuum, wat impliseer dat ‘n OBV oor tyd in intensiteit kan groei van ‘n basiese OBV, wedersydse voordelige OBV, volhoubare OBV tot ‘n uiteindelike organisatoriese-belangegroepvennootskap.
Die model is gebou uit ‘n korporatiewe kommunikasiestandpunt, wat gevolglik die bydrae van korporatiewe kommunikasie in die organisasie as ’n OBV-verbouingsfunksie om organisatoriese effektiwiteit te verseker, beklemtoon. Die studie bied ‘n verkennende literatuurstudie om ’n konseptuele raamwerk vir OBV-verbouing daar te stel, waarvan die beginsels van die raamwerk verder verken en gemeet is in gelysde Suid-Afrikaanse organisasies deur middel van ‘n kwantitatiewe web-gebaseerde opname en een-tot-een onderhoude om ’n OBV-verbouingsmodel te ontwikkel wat riglyne vir die proses van OBV-verbouing bied, gebaseer op beide teoretiese en praktiese insigte. / Communication Science / D. Litt. et Phil. (Communication)
|
265 |
Knowledge management as a sustainable competitive advantage in the steel industry / Pieter ConradieConradie, Pieter Jacobus January 2010 (has links)
The aim of this study is to conduct a thorough theoretical study on the relevant
aspects involved in knowledge management and organisational learning, and to
assess the maturity level of knowledge management within the South African steel
industry.
Various aspects of knowledge, knowledge management and organisational learning
with specific relation to sustainable competitive advantage are discussed in the
literature study. During the literature research several factors which either promote or
hinder the effective management of knowledge were identified and a list of lessons
learned by other successful knowledge focused companies, are discussed. The
critical success factors for a successful knowledge management program are also
discussed.
Knowledge can create a sustainable competitive advantage within an organisation, if
successfully applied to make value adding decisions and to enable learning, and if it
is applied to make decisions which are superior to that of its rivals across the supply
chain. An integrated approach needs to be followed when KM is pursued and the
knowledge must be applied to make value added decisions and facilitate learning
across all processes in the value chain. The focus must be to retain an
organisation’s tacit knowledge as this is a key success factor to ensure a
sustainable competitive advantage. The study includes research on whether knowledge management is effectively used
as a sustainable competitive advantage in the South African steel industry. The
maturity level of the application of knowledge and learning principles implemented
within the South African steel industry is assessed and compared to the maturity
level of ArcelorMittal, Monlevade, located in Brazil. A survey was designed and
distributed to determine the knowledge management and organisational learning
maturity levels at two steel facilities of ArcelorMittal in South Africa and one facility in
Brazil.
The key problem areas as identified through the empirical research are discussed
and it is concluded that South African facilities do not effectively use knowledge
management as a sustainable competitive advantage. The maturity level of
knowledge management in ArcelorMittal, South Africa is low compared to the
maturity at Monlevade and rival companies such as Tata and Posco steel.
A significant effort needs to be made in order to allow the effective creation,
acquisition, sharing and leveraging of knowledge within the South African steel
facilities. The key factors which constrain effective knowledge management is
related to ineffective Human Resource policies, organisation structure, lack of
knowledge exchange forums, collaboration and communication, coaching, and a lack
of incentives to share tacit knowledge.
It is also evident that knowledge is not seen as a sustainable competitive advantage
by many respondents and that they perceive they do not have the time or capacity to
transfer knowledge. Ten practical design principles were constructed and a
knowledge management framework was developed to guide South African steel
companies during the design and execution of a knowledge management
programme which will ensure that knowledge management will result into a
sustainable competitive advantage. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
|
266 |
Knowledge management as a sustainable competitive advantage in the steel industry / Pieter ConradieConradie, Pieter Jacobus January 2010 (has links)
The aim of this study is to conduct a thorough theoretical study on the relevant
aspects involved in knowledge management and organisational learning, and to
assess the maturity level of knowledge management within the South African steel
industry.
Various aspects of knowledge, knowledge management and organisational learning
with specific relation to sustainable competitive advantage are discussed in the
literature study. During the literature research several factors which either promote or
hinder the effective management of knowledge were identified and a list of lessons
learned by other successful knowledge focused companies, are discussed. The
critical success factors for a successful knowledge management program are also
discussed.
Knowledge can create a sustainable competitive advantage within an organisation, if
successfully applied to make value adding decisions and to enable learning, and if it
is applied to make decisions which are superior to that of its rivals across the supply
chain. An integrated approach needs to be followed when KM is pursued and the
knowledge must be applied to make value added decisions and facilitate learning
across all processes in the value chain. The focus must be to retain an
organisation’s tacit knowledge as this is a key success factor to ensure a
sustainable competitive advantage. The study includes research on whether knowledge management is effectively used
as a sustainable competitive advantage in the South African steel industry. The
maturity level of the application of knowledge and learning principles implemented
within the South African steel industry is assessed and compared to the maturity
level of ArcelorMittal, Monlevade, located in Brazil. A survey was designed and
distributed to determine the knowledge management and organisational learning
maturity levels at two steel facilities of ArcelorMittal in South Africa and one facility in
Brazil.
The key problem areas as identified through the empirical research are discussed
and it is concluded that South African facilities do not effectively use knowledge
management as a sustainable competitive advantage. The maturity level of
knowledge management in ArcelorMittal, South Africa is low compared to the
maturity at Monlevade and rival companies such as Tata and Posco steel.
A significant effort needs to be made in order to allow the effective creation,
acquisition, sharing and leveraging of knowledge within the South African steel
facilities. The key factors which constrain effective knowledge management is
related to ineffective Human Resource policies, organisation structure, lack of
knowledge exchange forums, collaboration and communication, coaching, and a lack
of incentives to share tacit knowledge.
It is also evident that knowledge is not seen as a sustainable competitive advantage
by many respondents and that they perceive they do not have the time or capacity to
transfer knowledge. Ten practical design principles were constructed and a
knowledge management framework was developed to guide South African steel
companies during the design and execution of a knowledge management
programme which will ensure that knowledge management will result into a
sustainable competitive advantage. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
|
267 |
A strategic sequential, integrated, sustainable organisation-stakeholder relationship (SISOSR) model for building stakeholder partnerships : a corporate communication perspectiveSlabbert, Yolandi 11 1900 (has links)
A dominant focus on organisational stakeholders is currently evident in both the literature and in practice since it is argued that the success of organisations is predominantly dependent on stakeholders’ perception of the organisation. This stakeholder emphasis is evident in the inclusion of a chapter on governing stakeholder relations in the King III report and the development of various stakeholder standards in South Africa, including corporate social investment, corporate governance, corporate citizenship, corporate sustainability and the triple bottom line. Despite the recognition of the importance and necessity of building and maintaining stakeholder relations in the literature, there is a dearth of research on how to actually build these relationships. The aim of this study was to address this shortcoming by proposing a generic, integrated approach to sustainable organisation-stakeholder relationship (OSR) building with strategic stakeholders whereby strategic stakeholder identification, OSR development and OSR maintenance, which are often studied independently, would be integrated in order to constitute a new unified model. This model will promote a sustainable OSR-building process for organisation-stakeholder partnership (OSP) development.The following three building blocks for such a model were proposed: a strategic communication foundation that promotes the integration of specific corporate communication functions that is practised from a two-way symmetrical communication perspective as the basis for effective OSR building; a theoretical foundation, which is an integration of Freeman’s stakeholder concept (1984) from a normative, relational viewpoint, Ferguson’s relational paradigm for public relations (1984) and Ledingham’s (2003) theory of relationship management, encapsulated by Grunig’s (1984) excellence theory, of which the proposed OSR-building model would be a pragmatic representation; and a conceptualisation of the OSR-building model where the actual phases of the OSR-building process would be proposed to provide step-by-step guidance for OSR building. This model promotes a partnership approach with strategic stakeholders, which is based on the proposition of an OSR development continuum, which implies that an OSR could grow in intensity over time, from a foundational OSR, mutually-beneficial OSR, sustainable OSR, to ultimate organisational-stakeholder partnerships (OSPs).
This model was built from a corporate communication perspective, and subsequently highlighted the contribution of corporate communication in the organisation as an OSR-building function to ensure organisational effectiveness. This study provided an exploratory literature review to constitute a conceptual framework for OSR-building of which the principles of the framework would be further explored and measured in leading listed South African organisations, by means of a quantitative web-based survey and qualitative one-on-one interviews to compose an OSR-building model that provides guidance on the process of OSR building on the basis of insights from theory and practice. / Ingevolge die argument dat die sukses van organisasies hoofsaaklik afhanklik is van die persepsies wat belangegroepe oor organisasies het, word ‘n dominante fokus tans op organisatoriese belangegroepe in die literatuur en praktyk geplaas. Die fokus op belangegroepe is sigbaar in die insluiting van ‘n hoofstuk oor die bou van belangegroepverhoudings in die King III verslag asook die ontwikkeling van verskeie belangegroepstandaarde in Suid Afrika, wat korporatiewe sosiale verantwoordelikheid, korporatiewe burgerskap, korporatiewe volhoubaarheid en drievoudige eindresultaat insluit. Ten spyte daarvan dat die belangrikheid en noodsaaklikheid van die bou en behoud van belangegroepverhoudings erken word in die literatuur, is daar ‘n tekort aan navorsing oor hoe om die verhoudings te bou. Die studie poog om dié tekortkoming aan te spreek deur middel van ‘n generiese, geϊntegreerde benadering vir volhoubare organisatoriese-belangegroepvershoudings (OBV) met strategiese belangegroepe voor te stel, waar strategiese belangegroep identifikasie, OBV ontwikkeling en OBV instandhouding, aspekte wat dikwels afsonderlik bestudeer word, geintegreer word in ‘n nuwe, verenigde model. Hierdie model sal ’n volhoubare OBV verbouiingsproses voorstel vir die ontwikkeling van organisatoriese-belangegroepvennootskappe.
Drie boustene word vir die model voorgestel naamlik; ‘n strategiese kommunkasie fondasie wat die integrasie van spesifieke korporatiewe kommunikasie funksies vanuit ‘n twee-rigting simmetriese kommunikasie perspektief as basis vir die effektiewe bou van OBV insluit; ‘n teoretiese fondasie wat ‘n integrasie van Freeman (1984) se belangegroepkonsep van ‘n normatiewe, verhoudingsstandpunt, Ferguson (1984) se verhoudingsparadigma vir openbare skakelwerk en Ledingham (2003) se verhoudingsbestuursteorie insluit, omhul deur Grunig (1984) se uitnemendheidsteorie, waarvan die voorgestelde OBV model ‘n praktiese voorstelling sal wees; en ‘n konseptualisering van OBV-verbouing wat die fases van die OBV proses sal stipuleer om stap-vir-stap riglyne vir die bou van OBV voor te stel. ‘n Vennootskapsbenadering met strategiese belangegroepe word voorgestel deur die model, wat gebaseer is op die proposisie van ‘n OBV ontwikkelingskontinuum, wat impliseer dat ‘n OBV oor tyd in intensiteit kan groei van ‘n basiese OBV, wedersydse voordelige OBV, volhoubare OBV tot ‘n uiteindelike organisatoriese-belangegroepvennootskap.
Die model is gebou uit ‘n korporatiewe kommunikasiestandpunt, wat gevolglik die bydrae van korporatiewe kommunikasie in die organisasie as ’n OBV-verbouingsfunksie om organisatoriese effektiwiteit te verseker, beklemtoon. Die studie bied ‘n verkennende literatuurstudie om ’n konseptuele raamwerk vir OBV-verbouing daar te stel, waarvan die beginsels van die raamwerk verder verken en gemeet is in gelysde Suid-Afrikaanse organisasies deur middel van ‘n kwantitatiewe web-gebaseerde opname en een-tot-een onderhoude om ’n OBV-verbouingsmodel te ontwikkel wat riglyne vir die proses van OBV-verbouing bied, gebaseer op beide teoretiese en praktiese insigte. / Communication Science / D. Litt. et Phil. (Communication)
|
268 |
The impact of foreign direct investment on financial sector development: a case of the Mena RegionKomape, Refilwe Tryphina Maduane 06 1900 (has links)
Summaries in English, Afrikaans and Zulu / Various studies on international capital flows have established the deterministic role of local
financial markets on the attractiveness of countries to inflow of foreign direct investment.
The current study investigated the impact of FDI inflows on the financial sector development
of countries in the Middle East and North Africa region for the period 2003 to 2016. Various
panel data analysis methods were employed. These approaches included fixed effects,
random effects, pooled OLS, FMOLS and the dynamic GMM. In addition, pre-estimation
tests, diagnostic tests which included panel unit root and co-integration tests and
robustness tests were conducted. Using both financial development proxies, broad money
as a ratio of GDP (model 1) and domestic credit to the private sector (model 2), the study
found that the lag in financial development had a significant positive effect on financial
development. In model 1 under fixed effects, random effects and pooled OLS, FDI had a
significant negative effect on financial development. In contrast, model 2 showed a
significant positive relationship running from FDI to financial development under the pooled
OLS method. The interaction between FDI and economic growth was found to have a
significant negative influence on financial development in models 1 and 2 under the pooled
OLS method. This finding indicates that economic growth had a deleterious effect on the
impact of FDI on financial development in the MENA region. In the light of these results,
policy makers in the MENA region countries should be urged to avoid undue reliance on
FDI in their efforts to develop their financial sectors. Furthermore, the MENA region nations
are urged to avoid implementing economic growth enhancement policies as a way of trying
to improve financial development, directly or indirectly, as the effort has been shown to
achieve the opposite effect. / Verskeie studies wêreldwyd oor die vloei van internasionale kapitaal is dit eens dat
aantreklike plaaslike finansiële markte direkte buitelandse beleggings (DBB) na lande laat
stroom. Hierdie studie het die uitwerking van DBB in die tydperk 2003 tot 2016 op die
finansiële sektore van lande in die Midde Oosterse en Noord-Afrikaanse (MONA) streek
ondersoek. Verskeie paneeldataontledingsmetodes is gevolg, waaronder vaste en
ewekansige effekte, saamgevoegde, gewone kleinstekwadratemetode (GKK),
volgewysigde kleinstekwadratemetode (VGKK) en die dinamiese, veralgemeende metode
van momente (VMM). Afgesien hiervan is voorberamings- en diagnostiese toetse,
waaronder paneeleenheidswortel-, koïntegrasie- en robuustheidstoetse, toegepas. Op
grond van sowel volmagte vir finansiële ontwikkeling, breë geld – as ʼn verhouding van die
BBP (model 1) – as binnelandse krediet aan die privaat sektor (model 2), is bevind dat die
vertraging in finansiële ontwikkeling ʼn opmerklik positiewe effek op finansiële ontwikkeling
uitgeoefen het. In model 1, onder vaste effekte, ewekansige effekte en saamgevoegde
GKK, het DBB ʼn opmerklik negatiewe effek op finansiële ontwikkeling gehad. Model 2,
daarenteen, het onder die saamgevoegde GKK-metode op ʼn opmerklik positiewe verband
tussen DBB en finansiële ontwikkeling gedui. Daar is in model 1 en 2 onder die
saamgevoegde GKK bevind dat die wisselwerking tussen DBB en ekonomiese groei ʼn
opmerklik negatiewe effek op finansiële ontwikkeling gehad het. Hierdie bevinding is ʼn
aanduiding daarvan ekonomiese groei ʼn nadelige effek op die uitwerking van DBB op
finansiële ontwikkeling in die MENA-streek gehad het. In die lig hiervan moet die
beleidsmakers van lande in die MONA-streek teen oormatige steun op DBB om hulle
finansiële sektore te laat ontwikkel, gemaan word. Hierbenewens moet lande in die MONAstreek
teen beleide vir ekonomiese groei as ʼn manier om finansiële ontwikkeling regstreeks
of onregstreeks aan te wakker, gewaarsku word omdat dit die teenoorgestelde uitwerking
sal hê. / Izifundo zocwaningo ezahlukahlukene ekuthunyelweni kwezimali sezisungule indima
yezimpawu ezikhombisayo zokuthunyelwa kwezimali ezimakethe zasemakhaya mayelana
nekhono lamazwe lokuheha ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqondile. Ucwaningo lwamanje luye
lwaphenya umthintela wokungena kwezimali ngohlelo lokutshalwa kwezimali ngaphandle,
phecelezi FDI mayelana nokuthuthukiswa komkhakha wezezimali emazweni asesiyingini
esiseMpumalanga eMaphakathi (Middle East) kanye kanye nase-Afrika eseNyakatho
(North Africa (MENA), ukusukela onyakeni ka 2003 ukufika ku 2016. Izindlela
ezahlukahlukene zokuhlaziya ipanel data analysis ziye zasetshenziswa. Lezi zindlela ziye
zaxuba imiphumela enqunyelwe isikhathi, imiphumela enganqunyelwanga isikhathi, uhlelo
lwe pooled OLS, lwe FMOLS kanye nohlelo oluguquguqukayo lwe GMM. Ngaphezu
kwalokho, izinhlelo zokuhlolwa phecelezi, pre-estimation tests kanye ne diagnostic tests,
lokhu okuyizinhlelo ezixuba amayunidi ephaneli panel unit root kanye nohlelo lwe cointegration
tests kanye nohlelo lwe robustness tests, nazo ziye zaxutshwa phakathi.
Ngokusebenzisa zombili izinhlelo zokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zezimal, imali ebanzi –
njengesilinganiso semodeli 1 yeGDP – kanye nesikweletu sasekhaya esinikezwa
imikhakha yamabhizinisi angasese asekhaya (imodeli 2), ucwaningo luthole ukuthi
ukubambezeleka kwesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zezimali kuye kwaba
nomthelela omuhle kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwezimali. Kumodeli 1, ngaphansi kohlelo
lwemiphumela enqunyelwe isikhathi, kwemiphumela enganqunyelwanga iskhathi kanye
nasohlelweni lwe pooled OLS, uhlelo lwe FDI luye lwaba nomthelela omubi kakhulu
kwezokuthuthukiswa kwezimali. Okuphikisana nalokho, imodeli 2 iye yakhombisa
ubudlelwano obuhle kakhulu, ukuqala ohlelweni lokutshalwa kwezimali emazweni
angaphandle (FDI) ukufika ohlelweni lwezokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zezimali, ngaphansi
kohlelo lwe pooled OLS. Ukuhlangana phakathi kohlelo lwe FDI kanye nokuhluma
komnotho kutholakele ukuthi luye lwaba nomthelela omubi kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni
kwezinhlelo zezimali, kumamodeli 1 nemodeli 2, ngaphansi kohlelo lwe pooled OLS. Lolu
lwazi olutholakele lukhombisa ukuthi ukuhluma komnotho kuye kwaba nomthelela oyingozi
kakhulu ohlelweni lwe FDI mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kwezimali esiyingini seMENA. Uma
kubhekwa le miphumela, abenzi bemigomo emazweni asesiyingini seMENA kufanele bacelwe ukuba bagweme ukwencika ngendlela engenasidingo ohlelweni lwe FDI
kwimizamo yabo yokuthuthukisa imikhakha yezimali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazwe
asesiyingini saseMENA ayacelwa ukuba agweme ukusetshenziswa kwemigomo eqinisa
ukuthuthukiswa komnotho njengendlela yokuzama ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zezimali,
ngendlela eqondile nangendlela engaqondile, njengoba umzamo sewukhonjiswe ukuze
kuphunyelelwe imiphumela engaqondiwe. / Business Management / M. Com. (Business Management : Finance)
|
269 |
Developing a measure of coping in high stress security occupations: a stress management model approach / Ontwikkeling van 'n maatstaf vir streshantering in stresvolle sekuriteitsberoepe: 'n stresbestuursmodel benadering / Ukwenza isu lokubhekana nesimo sengcindezi ephezulu kwimisebenzi yezokuphepha: indlela yemodeli yokubhekana nokuphatha ingcindeziSchoeman, Petrus Gerhardus 03 1900 (has links)
Summaries in English, Afrikaans and Zulu / Orientation: Security personnel work in a high risk and consequently high stress
environment. This may negatively affect their wellbeing. Owing to the high crime rate
in South Africa, one of the continuous stressors security personnel experience might
be fearing for their lives. If security personnel fail to use effective coping strategies
they will remain stressed, and this may have a negative impact on them, and their
organisation or community. Challenges such as work stress in the South African
security industry have not been comprehensively researched or documented
(Sibanyoni, 2014). Consequently, no South African questionnaire measuring coping
with stress or a stress management model for dealing with stress in a security
environment, could be found.
Research purpose: The general aim of the research was to develop a valid and
reliable coping questionnaire and stress management model for high stress security
occupations.
Research methodology: A questionnaire development process, as suggested by
scientific literature, was followed. The process entailed (1) determining coping
strategies by means of a literature review, (2) developing the coping questionnaire, (3)
administering the questionnaire to the target population, and (4) statistical analysis.
The stress management model was developed by combining the results of the
confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and canonical correlation analysis (CCA). The development of the questionnaire was based on a sample of 381 active duty security
personnel working in a high stress security environment in South Africa.
Main findings: The study resulted in the development of a psychometrically sound
39-item questionnaire. The following 12 empirically validated healthy and unhealthy
coping strategies were identified: (1) social support, (2) group cohesion, (3) physical
exercise, (4) relaxation, (5) social media addiction, (6) healthy sleeping habits, (7)
healthy diet, (8) training, (9) humour, (10) religion, (11) avoidance, and (12) denial.
CFA confirmed both the construct and content validity, and composite reliability. The
questionnaire was found to be invariant, and could thus be applied to different groups
in high stress security occupations. A stress management model indicating the
interrelationship between personality and coping was also developed.
Contribution/value-add: The main contribution of this study was the development of
a valid coping questionnaire and stress management model. By identifying the
specific coping strategies, targeted stress management interventions could be
developed. This could contribute to the overall wellness of security personnel working
in high stress occupations, resulting in a healthy organisation and sound relationships
with the community. Security organisations could also use the model during
assessments to identify candidates with personality traits that would lead to healthier
coping strategies, thereby selecting personnel that could better adapt to a security
environment. / Oriëntasie: Sekuriteitspersoneel werk in ’n hoë risiko en gevolglik ’n stresvolle
omgewing. Dit kan hulle welstand negatief beïnvloed. As gevolg van die hoë
misdaadsyfer in Suid-Afrika kan een van die deurlopende stressors wat
sekuriteitspersoneel ervaar ’n vrees vir hulle lewens wees. Indien sekuriteitspersoneel
nie effektiewe streshantering strategieë gebruik nie, kan hulle voortdurend stres ervaar
en dit kan ’n negatiewe impak op hulleself, hulle organisasie of gemeenskap hê.
Uitdagings soos beroepstres in die Suid-Afrikaanse sekuriteitsindustrie is nog nie
deeglik nagevors of gedokumenteer nie (Sibanyoni, 2014). Gevolglik kon daar vir die
sekuriteitsomgewing geen Suid-Afrikaanse vraelys wat streshantering meet of ’n
stresbestuursmodel gevind word nie.
Doel van die navorsing: Die algemene doel van die navorsing was om vir stresvolle
sekuriteitsberoepe ’n geldige en betroubare streshanteringsvraelys en
stresbestuursmodel te ontwikkel.
Navorsingsmetodologie: ’n Vraelys ontwikkelingsproses, soos deur wetenskaplike
literatuur voorgestel, is gevolg. Die proses het die volgende behels: (1) die vasstel
van die streshantering strategieë deur middel van ’n literatuuroorsig, (2) die
ontwikkeling van die streshanteringsvraelys, (3) administrasie van die vraelys aan die
teiken populasie en (4) statistiese analise. Die stresbestuursmodel is ontwikkel deur die resultate van die bevestigende faktoranalise (BFA) en die kanoniese korrelasie
analise te kombineer. Die ontwikkeling van die vraelys is gebaseer op ’n steekproef
van 381 aktiewe diens sekuriteitspersoneel wat in Suid-Afrika in ’n stresvolle
sekuriteitsomgewing werk.
Hoofbevindinge: Die studie het tot ’n psigometries betroubare 39-item vraelys gelei.
Twaalf empiries gestaafde gesonde en ongesonde streshantering strategieë is
geïdentifiseer naamlik: (1) sosiale ondersteuning, (2) groep kohesie, (3) fisiese
oefening, (4) ontspanning, (5) sosiale media verslawing, (6) gesonde slaapgewoontes,
(7) gesonde dieet, (8) opleiding, (9) humor, (10) godsdiens, (11) vermyding en (12)
ontkenning. BFA het die konstruk- en inhoudsgeldigheid so wel as die saamgestelde
betroubaarheid bevestig. Die vraelys is invariant en kan dus op verskillende groepe
in hoë stres sekuriteitsberoepe toegepas word. ’n Stresbestuursmodel wat die
verwantskap tussen persoonlikheid en streshantering aandui is ook ontwikkel.
Bydrae/waardetoevoeging: Die belangrikste bydrae van hierdie studie was die
ontwikkeling van ’n geldige streshanteringsvraelys en stresbestuursmodel. Deur die
spesifieke streshantering strategieë te identifiseer kan gefokusde streshantering
intervensies ontwikkel word. Dit kan tot die algehele welstand van
sekuriteitspersoneel wat in stresvolle beroepe werk bydra en derhalwe ’n gesonde
organisasie en goeie verhoudings met die gemeenskap. Sekuriteitsorganisasies kan
ook tydens keurings die model gebruik om kandidate met persoonlikheidstrekke, wat
tot gesonder streshantering strategieë sal lei, te identifiseer en dus personeel kies wat
beter by ’n sekuriteitsomgewing sal aanpas. / Isimo somqondo: Abasebenzi bezokuphepha basebenza ezindaweni ezinobungozi
obuphakeme nengcindezi ephakeme. Lokhu kungaba nomthelela omubi esimeni
sabo sempilo. Ngenxa yezinga lobugebengu eliphezulu eNingizimu Afrika, okukodwa
okudala ingcindezi ngokuqhubekayo kubasebenzi bezokuphepha ukwesabela
izimpilo zabo. Uma abasebenzi bezokuphepha bengasebenzisi amasu aphumelelayo
okubhekana nalezi zimo, bazohlala benengcindezi futhi lokhu kungaba nomphumela
omubi kubona, enhlanganweni yabo noma emphakathini wabo. Ucwaningo
ngezinselelo ezinjengokucindezeleka emsebenzini ezimbonini zokuphepha lapha
eNingizimu Afrika alwenziwanga futhi akubhaliwe kabanzi ngakho (Sibanyoni, 2014).
Kanjalo, alutholakalanga uhlu lwemibuzo lwaseNingizimu Afrika olungalinganisa
ukuthi abasebenzi bezokuphepha babhekana kanjani nengcindezi kanye
nomlinganiso olawula ingcindezi ukubhekana nengcindezi ezindaweni zezokuphepha.
Inhloso yocwaningo: Inhloso enkulu yocwaningo kwakuwukuqamba uhlu lwemibuzo
oluqinisekile noluthembekile ukubhekana nengcindezi nomlinganiso wokulawula
ingcindezi emisebenzini yezokuphepha enengcindezi ephakeme.
Indlela yokwenza ucwaningo: Isenzo sokuqamba uhlu lwemibuzo njengoba
kuhlongozwa yimibhalo yezesayensi silandelwe kulolu cwaningo. Lesi senzo sibe (1)
nokuthola amasu okubhekana nengcindezi ngokubhekisa emibhalweni ehloliwe, (2) nokuqamba uhlu lwemibuzo ephathelene nokubhekana nengcindezi, (3) nokunikeza
uhlu lwemibuzo kubantu abathintekayo, kanye (4) nokwenza uhlaziyo lwezibalo.
Umlinganiso wokulawula ingcindezi wenziwe ngokuhlanganisa imiphumela
yeConfirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) neyeCanonical Correlation Analysis (CCA).
Ukuqanjwa kohlu lwemibuzo kweyeme esampuleni labasebenzi bezokuphepha
abangama-381 abamatasa emsebenzini abasebenza ezindaweni ezinengcindezi
ephakeme eNingizimu Afrika.
Okukhulu okutholakele ocwaningweni: Ucwaningo lube nomphumela ekuqanjweni
kohlu lwemibuzo oluqinisekile ngokwesayikhomethri olunemibuzo angama-39.
Kukhonjwe amasu okubhekana nengcindezi ayishumi nambili aqinisekiswe
ngokubukisiswa asesimeni esiphilile nesingaphilile sempilo, okubalwa kuwo, (1)
uxhaso lomphakathi, (2) ukuba ndawonye kweqembu, (3) ukuzivocavoca umzimba,
(4) ukuziphumuza, (5) ukuba yisigqili semithombo yomphakathi, (6) imikhuba emihle
yokulala, (7) uqeqesho, (8) amahlaya, (10) inkolo, (11) ukuxwaya, kanye (12) nokwala.
ICFA iqinisekise ukuba neqiniso kombono nokuqukethwe, kanye nokwethembeka
okuxubile. Kutholakele ukuthi uhlu lwemibuzo aluguquki futhi lungasetshenziswa
emaqenjini ehlukene emisebenzini yezokuphepha anengcindezi ephakeme.
Kuthuthukiswe nomlinganiso olawula ingcindezi okhombisa ubudlelwano phakathi
komuntu isibili nokubhekana nengcindezi.
Umnikelo: Umnikelo omkhulu walolu cwaningo kube ukuqamba uhlu lwemibuzo
oluqinisekile ukubhekana nengcindezi kanye nomlinganiso wokulawula ingcindezi.
Ngokukhomba amasu aqondene nokubhekana nengcindezi, kungathuthukiswa
izindlela ezihlosiwe zokulawula ingcindezi. Lokhu kunganikela esimeni esihle sempilo
yabasebenzi bezokuphepha abasebenza imisebenzi enengcindezi ephakeme,
okuzoholela enhlanganweni esesimeni esihle nasebudlelwaneni obuhle nomphakathi.
Izinhlangano zezokuphepha nazo zingawusebenzisa lomlinganiso ngesikhathi
sokuhlola ukubona abafundi abanezici ezinomthelela omuhle, kumasu abhekana
nengcindezi asesimeni esihle, ezizobenza bakhethe abasebenzi abazongena kahle
ezindaweni zokuphepha. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / D. Phil. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)
|
270 |
Psigologies-opvoedkundige ondersoek na kinderheldeverering vir ontoereikende ouersMoolman, Lindie 02 1900 (has links)
Afrikaans text / In this study, the reasons for the phenomenon of continuous loyalty towards and hero worship of incapable parents are investigated. Case studies with a qualitative and quantitative research paradigm were completed on two adolescents. Media that was used to collect data include: interviews, Kinetic Family Drawing, Sacks Incomplete Sentence Test and the High School Personality Questionnaire.
The findings of this study indicate that there are certain factors that are typical traits of incapable parenthood. Adolescents deal with this child-parent relationship through rationalisation and defence. The result is a feeling of inferiority, poor self-image and behavioural patterns that are aimed at satisfying the parents and receiving in turn, positive feedback.
This study supplies answers to parents and individuals in the educational-psychological field in understanding the adolescent in such situations. Further research is however necessary to gain information about this phenomenon in order to be able to substantiate the findings. / In hierdie studie is die redes vir die verskynsel van lojaliteit teenoor, en heldeverering vir ontoereikende ouers ondersoek. `n Gevallestudie, met `n kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe navorsingsbenadering is op twee adolessente gedoen. Die media waarmee die data ingesamel is sluit in: onderhoudvoering, Kinetiese Gesinstekening, Sacks Onvoltooide Sinnetoets en die Hoërskoolpersoonlikheidsvraelys.
Die bevindings van hierdie studie toon aan dat daar sekere faktore is wat kenmerkend van ontoereikende ouerskap is. Adolessente spreek hierdie ouer-kind-verhouding aan deur rasionalisasie en verdediging. Die gevolg is `n gevoel van minderwaardigheid en `n swak selfbeeld, asook gedrag wat daarop gerig word om die ouers tevrede te stel en positiewe terugvoer van hulle af te kry.
Hierdie studie bied antwoorde aan ouers en persone in die opvoedkundige-sielkunde praktyk oor hoe om adolessente in sulke situasies te verstaan. Verdere navorsing is egter nodig om inligting oor dié verskynsel te bekom en sodoende bevindings te kan veralgemeen. / Further Teacher Education / M. Ed. (Voorligting)
|
Page generated in 0.0602 seconds