O setor varejista devido à alta competitividade vem passando por grandes transformações, a fim de atender de forma eficiente e eficaz às exigências do consumidor. Para tanto, a criação e a implementação de ações estratégicas que proporcionem diferenciais competitivos para os varejistas tornaram-se uma constante no dia-a-dia do varejo. A adoção de marcas próprias no mix de produtos do supermercado é um exemplo destas estratégias. No entanto, percebe-se um crescimento lento das marcas próprias na participação de mercado no Brasil, o que reflete a atitude dos consumidores diante destes produtos. Entender o comportamento do consumidor bem como a atitude deste aos produtos de marca própria torna-se importante para uma melhor compreensão deste fenômeno. Desta forma, o presente trabalho tem o objetivo de avaliar os elementos componentes da atitude do consumidor em relação aos produtos de marcas próprias. Para o alcance do objetivo deste estudo, foram feitas revisões da literatura sobre varejo, marcas próprias e sua evolução, no Brasil, e a atitude do consumidor frente aos produtos de marcas próprias. A pesquisa de campo foi de caráter exploratório com abordagem quantitativa. Por meio de uma survey com questionário auto-administrado, elaborado com base no modelo da Teoria da Ação Racional (TRA) de Fishbein, foi possível coletar opiniões dos clientes de supermercados, elemento da pesquisa, para avaliar a atitude do consumidor diante das marcas próprias. A amostra foi composta por 983 pessoas, de ambos os sexos e provenientes de 26 Estados do Brasil, com predominância de São Paulo e Minas Gerais. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que os respondentes não possuem uma imagem muito favorável aos produtos de marcas próprias, devido à grande variação na qualidade dos produtos dentro das categorias e entre as categorias ofertadas, ao risco percebido, à ausência de comunicação efetiva sobre os produtos e à imagem de inferioridade transmitida pelos atributos das marcas próprias como embalagem, forma de exposição e preço. O componente mais importante obtido com a aplicação do modelo da TRA para prever a intenção comportamental foi a atitude. Dos fatores obtidos na análise fatorial, destacam-se a imagem da loja, a comunicação e preço, a qualidade e preço como os mais importantes para os respondentes e que exercem maior influência em seu comportamento. A partir da análise de regressão, conclui-se que o risco percebido, a qualidade, a influência de pessoas próximas e a imagem da loja são os fatores que mais influenciam na intenção comportamental dos respondentes frente aos produtos de marcas próprias. / The retail sector is going through major changes due in order to meet efficiently and effectively the demands of the consumer in a highly competitive environment. Thus, the creation and implementation of strategic actions that provide competitive differentials for retailers have become essential in the day to day of retailing. The adoption of own brands in the mix of products in supermarkets is an example of these strategies. However, it is perceived a slow growth of own brands market share in Brazil, which reflects the attitude of consumers towards these products. Understanding consumer behavior and attitude toward own-brand products is important to the better comprehension of this phenomenon. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the components of consumer attitude related to products of own labels. To reach the goal of this study, there were made revisions on the literature about retail, own brands and its development in Brazil, and the attitude of consumers toward the own labels products. The fieldwork had exploratory nature with quantitative approach. Through a survey composed by a self-administered questionnaire, based on the model of the theory of reasoned action (TRA) of Fishbein, it was possible to collect opinions of supermarket customers. That constituted a part of the research which aimed to evaluate the attitude of the consumer toward own brands . The sample consisted on 983 persons of both sexes from the 26 Brazilian states, with predominance of São Paulo and Minas Gerais. The results show that the respondents do not hold a very favorable image to own brands products. This find can be explained by the wide variation in the quality of products within the categories and between categories offered, the perceived risk, the lack of effective communication about the products and the image of inferiority transmitted by attributes of own brand products such as packaging, price and the form of exposition. The most important component obtained with the implementation of the TRA model to predict the behavioral intention was the attitude. Among the factors obtained in factor analysis, those who exert more influence on respondents behavior are the image of the store, communication and price as well as quality and price. From the regression analysis, it was concluded that the majority of the influence on behavioral intention of respondents was derived from perceived risk, quality, store image and influence of close people.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T19:13:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 10 / Nenhuma / Este estudo tem como objetivo estruturar um sistema de custeio para a rede própria de uma operadora de planos de saúde da modalidade de medicina de grupo, identificando o custo por tipo de atendimento e comparar o resultado deste custeio com o preço cobrado pela rede credenciada local. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de natureza explicativa, desenvolvida através do método de estudo de caso, com a proposição de planos. Para a mensuração de custos, utilizou-se o método de custeio pleno, e optou-se pela descentralização, aplicando o sistema em uma unidade de atendimento da operadora, na cidade de São Leopoldo. Devido a diferentes estruturas de atendimento da rede própria da operadora, a gestão descentralizada de custos possibilita a análise do desempenho, respeitando a estrutura local. Conclui-se que o sistema de custeio aplicado na rede própria da operadora proporciona informações gerenciais que auxiliam no processo de tomada de decisão. Conhecendo seus custos, os diretores têm condições de avaliar e melh / This study aims to structure a cost system for a health plan operator’s own network in the “medicine group” modality, identifying the cost by type of service, and compare the result with the price charged by the local accredited network. It is a qualitative research, of an explicative nature, developed through a case study method, with a plan proposition. In order to size the costs, it was used the full cost system and it was chosen the decentralization system, which was applied in one of the operator’s service branch, in the city of São Leopoldo. Due to the different service structures of the operator’s own network, the decentralized management of costs enables the performance analysis, respecting the local structure. The conclusion is that the cost system applied to the operator’s own network gives managerial information, which helps in the decision-making process. Knowing their costs, the directors can evaluate and improve their performance in the market. Comparing the cost, calculated in the own network,

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:39:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Joao Batista Lima de Toledo Filho.pdf: 659649 bytes, checksum: 7596a8e5c5be9e8cd5c5ed0de3808f6d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-26 / The intention of this work is to analyze the transformations that happens in a clinical psychologists own religiosity over the course of his life and career. Nevertheless the ever-changing character of the religious feeling, there are specific traits that are intrinsic to the clinical psychologist s background and his work. In order to analyze the transformations in the psychologist s own religiosity over the principles of transition and illusion as presented by Winnicott, and the application of his concept to religious thinking, as proposed by Aletti. After demonstrating the relation between psychology and religion, I proceeded to a depth interview with a psychologist with more than 30 years of experience in clinical practice. This interview aims to understand how transformations occurred in his life, both privet and professionally. The analyses of the interview are based on the phenomenological psychology. We come to the conclusion that the religious transformations that occur over life are influenced by the psychologist s choices, support and maturity. The restlessness linked to religiosity is under constant inquiry, being altered, influencing and be influenced by the personal and professional aspects of the own life / Este trabalho busca compreender como a religiosidade do psicólogo clínico se altera ao longo do tempo. Embora a religiosidade sofra sempre transformações, considera-se que especificidades que são próprias à formação e ao trabalho do psicólogo clínico influenciam na modificação da sua religiosidade. Para pensar essa alteração ao longo do tempo, considerou-se características próprias do amadurecer humano apresentado por Winnicott principalmente os conceitos de transicionalidade e ilusão, e como Aletti emprega esses conceitos para pensar a religiosidade. Após explorar a relação entre psicologia e religião, realizou-se uma entrevista em profundidade com psicólogo clínico com mais de trinta anos de experiência em prática clínica. A entrevista teve como objetivo compreender como foram alterações com relação à religiosidade em sua vida pessoal e profissional. A análise da entrevista teve como referencial a psicologia fenomenológica. Foi possível concluir que a religiosidade que se altera ao longo do tempo sofre influências das escolhas, adesões e do amadurecimento vivenciados pelo psicólogo. As inquietações com relação à religiosidade estão em constante movimento: alterando-se, influenciando e sendo influenciadas pela vida pessoal e profissional

[pt] Cada vez mais o transporte de cargas rodoviário desempenha um papel fundamental para a execução dos processos logísticos dentro das empresas. Atualmente as empresas têm optado por utilizar serviços de outras para desempenhar essa função, através da terceirização de serviço. Porém, por observar que muitas vezes as expectativas com relação ao nível de serviço ficam abaixo do esperado, ou ainda por insatisfação dos clientes com a forma de execução dessas empresas terceirizadas, as empresas optam por manter uma frota própria, que prioriza o nível de serviço evitando falhas e consequentemente a depreciação da sua reputação. A partir de análises dos serviços logísticos prestados por uma empresa terceirizada para uma empresa de cosméticos na região metropolitana de Curitiba foi verificada a necessidade de uma nova estratégia no sistema de transportes de cargas, a fim de se obter uma melhora no nível de serviço de entrega e consequentemente a melhora na satisfação dos clientes. O resultado após sete meses de implantação do serviço com frota própria, com a utilização de nove veículos, foi mais eficiente que o serviço prestado anteriormente pela empresa terceirizada, por viabilizar um aumento do número de entregas aos clientes finais em até dois dias úteis, melhorar o nível de serviço nas entregas, gerando assim, um aumento da satisfação dos clientes e proporcionar para a empresa uma redução nos seus custos de transporte. / [en] Cargo road transportation plays a key role in the execution of logistics processes within companies. Currently, companies have chosen to use other services to perform this function, called out sourcing service. However, by observing that the quality of service is less than expected, or that the customers are not satisfied with the service provided by the carriers contracted, companies choose to maintain its own fleet, which prioritizes the quality of service avoiding failures and therefore the depreciation of its reputation. Logistic services analysis provided by a cosmetic company in Curitiba, Brazil verified the need for a new strategy in the transport system in order to obtain an improvement in the level of delivery service and consequently the improvement in customer satisfaction. After seven months with its own transport fleet, comprising nine vehicles, the freight was more efficient than the service provided by the company previously outsourced, resulting in an increase in the number of deliveries to the customers in two days, improving the status of service deliveries, thus providing an increase in customer satisfaction and a reduction in the expenses for their transportation costs.

Meu objetivo nesta pesquisa é entender a noção de \"corpo próprio\" pensada por Merleau-Ponty nas suas primeiras obras. Trata-se de uma noção \"cara\" ao filósofo, levando-o a questionar e a dialogar tanto com a filosofia quanto com a psicologia, fisiologia e a psicanálise de sua época. De qualquer modo, é a partir da descrição deste conceito que veremos como o filósofo pôde sugerir uma subjetividade sem plena determinação de si, que nos remete a um sujeito corporal em relação com o mundo, com o outro e consigo mesmo. Desta descrição, irei seguir um desdobramento específico deste conceito: a \"imagem corporal\". Pretendo mostrar como a interpretação merleau-pontyana, nos cursos de Sorbonne, do \"estádio do espelho\" (proposto por Lacan), pode \"ampliar\" o questionamento em torno da problemática da relação com o outro. / My purpose on this research is the understanding of the notion of the \"own-body\" thought by Merleau-Ponty on his first papers. It deals with a costly notion for the philosopher, leading him to question and to dialog both with philosophy and psychology as well as with physiology and psychoanalysis of his time. Neverthless, from the description of this concept, we will understand how the philosopher could sugest a subjectivity without a broad determination of itself, that guides us towards a bodily subject in relation with the world, the other and itself. From this description, I will follow a particular development of this concept: the \"bodily image\". I intend to show how Merleau-Ponty\'s interpretation, in Sorbonne\'s courses, of the \"mirror stage\" (suggested by Lacan), could \"amplify\" the question around the matter of the relationship with the other.

A diminuição do custo do capital das empresas por meio de um maior nível de transparência na divulgação de informações é apoiada pela literatura em duas correntes teóricas. A primeira afirma que um maior disclousure aumenta a liquidez das ações no mercado e, assim, reduz o custo de capital da organização pela redução dos custos de transação ou pelo aumento na demanda por títulos da empresa. A segunda corrente de pensamento sugere que maior transparência pode reduzir o custo de capital pela redução do risco não diversificável de estimativa. Com base nisso, o objetivo desta pesquisa é verificar a existência de relação entre o nível de transparência das empresas que compunham o índice BOVESPA na data base de 29 de dezembro de 2005 e o custo de capital próprio dessas empresas. Além das variáveis custo de capital próprio e transparência, foram usadas como variáveis de controle, o tamanho da empresa, o grau de endividamento e a relação entre o preço da ação e o valor patrimonial da empresa. Para testar a relação entre transparência e custo de capital próprio no mercado brasileiro, foi utilizada uma regressão múltipla do tipo seção transversal entre a variável dependente custo de capital e a variável independente transparência. O R-múltiplo foi de 0,3969, indicando que as variáveis do modelo são positivamente correlacionadas. No entanto, a análise do R-Quadrado mostra que apenas 15,75% da variação do custo do capital deve-se às variações das variáveis independentes utilizadas no modelo de regressão. Em linhas gerais, os resultados desse trabalho não permitem afirmar que um maior grau de transparência implica em uma redução significativa do custo de capital das empresas brasileiras no período estudado, corroborando o resultado de algumas pesquisas nacionais e internacionais levantadas na revisão bibliográfica. / The reduction of the costs of the companies´ capital by means of a bigger level of transparency in the spreading of information is supported by literature in two theoretical chains. The first one affirms that a greater disclosure increases the liquidity of stocks in the market and, thus, reduces the cost of the organization´s capital by the transaction costs reduction or by the increase in the demand for equities of the company. The second theoretical chain suggests that bigger transparency can reduce the cost of capital by the reduction of the estimated not diversifiable risk. Based on this, the objective of this research is to verify the relation between the level of transparency of the companies of which were part of the index of the São Paulo stock exchange (BOVESPA) more specifically on December 29th of 2005 and the cost of these companies´ capital. Other control variables were used; besides the cost of the companies own capital and transparency, the size of the company, the degree of liabilities and the relation between the price of shares and the equity value of the company. To test the relation between transparency and cost of the companies own capital in the Brazilian market, capital cost was used in a multiple transversal section regression between a variable dependable capital cost and the variable independent transparency. The R-multiple was of 0,3969, indicating that the model´s variable are positively correlated. However, the analysis of R-Square shows that only 15.75% of the variation of the cost of the capital was a result of variations of the used independent variables in the regression model. As a whole, the results of this research do not enable to affirm that a bigger degree of transparency implies in a significant reduction of the cost of capital of the Brazilian companies in the studied period, confirming the result of some national and international research in the bibliographical revision.

abstract: Teacher shortage crisis were consistent across the nation. Higher education institutions, K-12 school districts, and political leaders were actively seeking solutions to ensure classrooms did not sit vacant and were not staffed by individuals who are unqualified to teach. This mixed methods action research study examined one strategy for teacher recruitment by targeting high school students who attended a Title 1 school. Due to the growing Hispanic population in Arizona, coupled with the underrepresentation of Hispanic teachers compared to the number of Hispanic students, a particular focus was devoted to targeting Hispanic high school students as they represented a potential untapped pipeline of future educators. The study was conducted to explore factors that might increase student interest in declaring education as a major upon graduating from high school and eventually pursuing teaching as a career. Three theoretical frameworks guided the study: (a) Theory of Planned Behavior, (b) Self-Efficacy, and (c) Social Cognitive Career Theory. A total of 20 participants engaged in the intervention over the course of three weeks. The intervention included engagement in curriculum exposing students to the teaching profession as well as clinical experiences. Data gathered included pre- and post- intervention survey results and semi-structured interview questions. It was anticipated the intervention would increase students’ interest in becoming a teacher. Results demonstrated a decrease in intention post-intervention. Future research should examine alternative recruitment approaches for students who do not already have an interest in pursuing the profession. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Educational Leadership and Policy Studies 2019

<p>Background: The basis for a price valuation of a company is dependent on both its assets net worth and earnings calculations. While the assets are an important part of the valuation of a company, it is important that the valuation is reliable and resource usage can be measured and allocated to each time period. </p><p>Purpose: The purpose of this essay is to illustrate the difficulties when valuating and allocating own produced fixed assets. </p><p>Accomplishment: We have chosen a case study where the aims are to understand and explain the difficulties with valuating and allocating own produced fixed assets. The research is based on nine personal interviews. </p><p>Result: To obtain a reliable value on own produced fixed asset it requires an accurate project record and a well functioning time management system. The systematic allocation should reflect the actual usage period. An incorrect valuation or systematic allocation of usage can imply that the accounting loses its information value.</p>

Background: The basis for a price valuation of a company is dependent on both its assets net worth and earnings calculations. While the assets are an important part of the valuation of a company, it is important that the valuation is reliable and resource usage can be measured and allocated to each time period. Purpose: The purpose of this essay is to illustrate the difficulties when valuating and allocating own produced fixed assets. Accomplishment: We have chosen a case study where the aims are to understand and explain the difficulties with valuating and allocating own produced fixed assets. The research is based on nine personal interviews. Result: To obtain a reliable value on own produced fixed asset it requires an accurate project record and a well functioning time management system. The systematic allocation should reflect the actual usage period. An incorrect valuation or systematic allocation of usage can imply that the accounting loses its information value.

Background: The Swedish food industry has changed dramatically during the last decades and to become and remain as a player has become a demanding task for several of the small and medium sized enterprises (SME). The trading blocs have increased the development of their own brand (DOB) and this has given the SME new competition but also the possibility to produce these products for the trading blocs. In addition to this the trading blocs have be-come more and more centralized and to strengthen their position in nego-tiations and other aspects which are important for the trading blocs. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to increase the understanding of how the trad-ing blocs, with their development of their own brand, affect the Swedish small and medium sized producers in the food industry. It is also to look into what kinds of strategies that are used by the SME in order to tackle the competition from the distributors own brands. Method: To fulfill our purpose a qualitative approach has been used for this thesis. Seven different interviews have been done, either by phone or face to face, with the three largest trading blocs and with four the SME in Sweden, three producing and one distributing company. Conclusion: The focus on low prices and the trading blocs’ stronger, central position on the market have made the competition more intense. To be or remain as a player on the market it is important for the SME to be a supplier to the trading blocs. However, since there are many players striving to become a supplier it is a tough situation and the price becomes an important factor. The trading blocs want low prices and keep pushing the suppliers to keep them low, or even lower them. This price focus is a major issue for the SME, and the DOB have become an important mean for the trading blocs to keep prices low. Due to scenarios like this it is very important for the SME to have strategies in place and the most common and most efficient is the bypass and flanking attack strategies. These two strategies are intense and keep the SME alert when it comes to product development and new innovations.