Resume Rights and obligations of owners the agricultural land The purpose of my thesis is to describe rights and obligations of owners of agricultural land. The thesis is composed of four chapters. Chapter One describes the historical evolution of the ownership of the land in Czech republic and impact of this evolution on current structure of ownership to land. Chapter Two describes the specifics of land ownership. This chapter is subdivided into five parts. Part One deals with the subject of land ownership, part Two discusses object of land ownership, part Three discusses content of land ownership, part Four discusses limitation on land ownership - the legal relations between neighbours, easements, expropriation, and part Five deals with the tax obligations of the land owner. Chapter Three describes the specifics of ownership of agricultural land. This chapter is subdivided in four parts. Part One deals with the state as a subject of land ownership. Part Two deals with the influence of the purpose categorization of land and protection of agricultural land fund for use of the land. Part Three discusses rights anf obligatoins o fland owners under contract of sale and lease. Part Four discusses land consolidation. Chapter Four describes limitations of farming on agricultural land. This chapter consists of...

This thesis deals with the relationship between environmental protection and ownership rights. The thesis describes the concept of the environment in the Czech constitutional law. Furthermore, it concerns with international legal and constitutional enshrining of property rights and the right to a favorable environment in terms of constitutional case law. Then in the third part followed by the regulation of restriction of ownership rights, the legal conditions under which is expropriation possible and editing voluntary contractual ownership restrictions in order to protect the environment. The focus of the work, in the fourth part, is dealing with the legal regulation in current legislation, an effort to capture the most significant limitation of property rights from the perspective of the owner of the individual parts of the environment, as well as the analysis of selected provisions of environmental law. Finally, this thesis is the formulation of the specific locations of the main conflicts between the protection of the ownership rights and the general interest in environmental protection. A general effect of environmental awareness throughout the company is to decide which of these interests, whether environmental protection or the protection of property rights, in the particular case outweighs...

Syfte: Sambandet mellan Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) och Financial Performance (FP) är väl studerat liksom sambandet mellan FP och ägarkoncentration, dock är resultaten motstridiga. Få studier har tagit alla dessa dimensioner med FP, ägarkoncentration och CSR i beaktning. Denna studie syftar därmed till att förklara hur ägarkoncentrationen i europeiska företag påverkar sambandet mellan CSR och FP. Metod: Denna studie antar ett deduktivt tillvägagångssätt inom den positivistiska forskningstraditionen. Studien är baserad på 169 börsnoterade bolag från Europa sett över åren 2009–2017. Materialet har samlats in via databasen Thomson Reuters Datastream och har sedan analyserats i IBM SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). Resultat och slutsats: Studiens resultat återspeglar att företag i Europa agerar på en marknad med en hög ägarkoncentration där de lägger mycket resurser på CSR vilket förbättrar deras FP. Slutsatsen som kan dras är dock att ju högre ägarkoncentrationen är desto större risk är det att det positiva sambandet mellan CSR och FP försvagas. Examensarbetets bidrag: Denna studie lämnar ett unikt bidrag då det är den enda studien som undersöker ägarkoncentrationens påverkan på CSR och FP över flera olika länder och branscher. Det ökade intresset kring CSR och den lagstiftning som finns sedan 2014 kan skapa agentproblem som förvärras när ägarkoncentrationen är hög. Denna studie ämnar ge praktiska bidrag till företag och organisationer i Europa, genom att uppmärksamma denna agentproblematik som försvårar arbetet med CSR och i värsta fall kan orsaka en försämrad FP. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Studien lämnar som förslag till kommande studier att använda ett annat mått på ägarkoncentration för att se om det kan ha en annan inverkan på resultaten av studien. Ett annat förslag är att mäta alla dimensioner av CSR separat för att tydliggöra om någon variabel inom CSR påverkar FP mer än någon annan. Som ett sista förslag kan studiens kombinerade FP-mått användas parallellt med lönsamhetsmåttet Tobins Q för att verifiera resultatet. / Aim: The relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Financial Performance (FP) has been studied by many scientists, as well as the relationship between FP and ownership concentration but the results have been conflicting. Few studies have been done regarding all these dimensions on which influence ownership concentration has on CSR and FP, therefore this study aims to explain how the ownership concentration in European public companies affect the relationship between CSR and FP. Method: This study has a deductive approach within the positivist research tradition. The study is based on 169 listed companies from Europe over the years 2009-2017. The data has been collected through the database Thomson Reuters Datastream and analyzed through IBM SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). Result & Conclusions: The result of this study reflect that companies in Europe act in a market with a high ownership concentration where they spend a lot of resources on CSR, which improves their FP. This can be deduced from the conclusion; a higher ownership concentration weakens the positive relationship between CSR and FP. Contribution of the thesis: This study provides a unique contribution as it is the only study that investigates the impact of ownership concentration on CSR and FP across several countries and industries. The increased interest in CSR and the legislation that exists since 2014 can create agent problems that get worse when the owner concentration is high. This study intends to provide practical contributions to companies and organizations in Europe, where they observe this agent problem that complicates the work of CSR and, in the worst-case scenario, may cause a deterioration in the FP. Suggestions for future research: Further studies may use a different dimension of ownership concentration to see if it can have a different impact on the results of the study. Another proposal is to measure all dimensions of CSR separately to clarify whether any variable within CSR affects FP more than anyone else. As a final proposal, the study's combined FP measure can be used in parallel with the profitability measure Tobins Q to verify the result.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:29:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sebastiao Elyseu Junior 2.pdf: 1309648 bytes, checksum: 780dfab0e8a1fc758aa3bbf94ec05941 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-12 / This work deals with the building and validation of a scale of ownership of self-report, based on clinical experience and in an ethological ownership theory, that postulates it as a instinctive tendency of the individual to achieve and/or mantain the dominion of one or more figures of ownership by means of instinctive patterns of ownership behaviour, regulating the provision for self usufruct and/or of the offspring. This first version was composed of 25 items, related to the ownership of the two general types of figures of ownership: people and things. These items allow the subject to indicate the degree of intensity of the answers, in a 4-point Likert scale type (1-weak, 2-medium, 3- strong, 4-excessive). The phase of building included the semantical and theoretical analysis of the items by university students and judges, respectively. The level of agreement among five independent judges in relation to its theoretical pertinence was 90% and Kappa = 0,88, being, thus, high. The sample of the test was constituted of university students (N= 296, 140 male and 156 female) from the areas of humanities, exacts and biologics, aged 18-28. The phase of validation involved the reliability valuation, the construct validity and the criteria validity. The reliability study, made by the Spearman rank correlation coefficient (N= 84, 38 male and 46 female), indicated that the secure and anxious ownership patterns and envious pattern, for people figure, and the secure and anxious ownership patterns, for thing figure, presented acceptable temporal stability in the retest (p< 0,01), four months later. The study of construct validity, made by factorial analysis by the method of analysis of principal components and Oblimin rotation, resulted in three interpretable factors (21,88% of variance), that evaluate the following dimensions: F1 - Ownership security People, F2 - Ownership security Things, and F3 - Ownership detachment. The good internal consistency of the scale was revealed by an Alpha of 0,70. As measure of external criteria, for the study of criteria validity, semi-structured clinical interviews were carried out in a smaller sample (N= 30, 15 male and 15 female). A valuation of agreement among three independent judges, the author included, about the categorisation and quantification of the answers of four interviews, of 69,69% and, by the Kappa coefficient, of 0,51, 0,43 and 0,73 for each pair of judges, was considered acceptable, suggesting the reliability of the criteria. The Spearman rank correlation coefficients, between the scale and interviews, indicated good validity (p< 0,01) for the secure (rs = 0,65) and anxious (rs = 0,73) ownership patterns and envious pattern (rs = 0,65), when they refer to the figure of person or animal. When they refer to the figure of things, the coefficients were a little more modest, but significant (p< 0,01) for the secure (rs = 0,51) and jealous (rs = 0,54) ownership patterns. A descriptive analysis of the distribuition of the referred patterns, in the general sample and by sex, has also been carried out. / Trata-se da constru??o e valida??o de uma escala de posse de auto-relato, baseada na experi?ncia cl?nica e numa teoria etol?gica da posse, que a postula como uma tend?ncia instintiva de o indiv?duo obter e/ou manter o dom?nio de uma ou mais figuras de posse, por meio de padr?es instintivos de comportamento de posse, regulando a provis?o para usufruto pessoal e/ou da prole. Essa primeira vers?o ficou composta por 25 itens, referentes ? posse dos dois tipos gerais de figura de posse: pessoas e coisas. Esses itens permitem ao sujeito indicar o grau de intensidade das respostas, numa escala do tipo Likert de quatro pontos (1-fraca, 2-m?dia, 3-forte, 4-demasiada). A fase de constru??o incluiu a an?lise sem?ntica e te?rica dos itens por universit?rios e juizes, respectivamente. O ?ndice de acordo entre cinco juizes independentes sobre a sua pertin?ncia te?rica foi de 90% e Kappa = 0,88, sendo, portanto, alto. A amostra do teste foi constitu?da por universit?rios (N= 296, 140 homens e 156 mulheres) das ?reas de humanas, exatas e biol?gicas, entre 18 e 28 anos de idade. A fase de valida??o envolveu a estimativa de precis?o, a validade de constructo e a validade de crit?rio. O estudo de precis?o, feito pelo coeficiente de correla??o por postos de Spearman, com uma amostra (N= 84, 38 homens e 46 mulheres), indicou que os padr?es de posse segura e ansiosa e padr?o invejoso, para a figura de pessoa, e os padr?es de posse segura e ansiosa, para a figura de coisa, apresentaram estabilidade temporal aceit?vel no reteste (p< 0,01), quatro meses depois. O estudo de validade de constructo, feito por an?lise fatorial pelo m?todo de an?lise de componentes principais e rota??o Oblimin, resultou em tr?s fatores interpret?veis (21,88% de vari?ncia), que avaliam as seguintes dimens?es: F1 - Seguran?a da posse - Pessoas, F2 - Seguran?a de posse - Coisas, e F3 - Desprendimento da posse. A boa consist?ncia interna da escala foi revelada por um Alpha de 0,70. Como medida de crit?rio externo, para o estudo de validade de crit?rio, foram realizadas entrevistas cl?nicas semi-estruturadas numa amostra menor (N= 30, 15 homens e 15 mulheres). A estimativa de acordo entre tr?s juizes independentes, inclu?do o autor, sobre a categoriza??o e quantifica??o das respostas de quatro entrevistas, de 69,69%, e, pelo coeficiente Kappa, de 0,51, 0,43 e 0,73 para cada par de juizes, foi considerada aceit?vel, sugerindo a fidedignidade do crit?rio. Os coeficientes de correla??o por postos de Spearman, entre a escala e as entrevistas, indicaram boa validade (p< 0,01) para os padr?es de posse segura (rs = 0,65) e ansiosa (rs = 0,73) e padr?o invejoso (rs = 0,65), quando se referem ? figura de pessoa ou animal. Quando se referem ? figura de coisas, os coeficientes foram um pouco mais modestos, mas significantes (p< 0,01) para os padr?es de posse segura (rs = 0,51) e ciumenta (rs = 0,54). Uma an?lise descritiva da distribui??o dos referidos padr?es, na amostra geral e por sexo, tamb?m foi feita.

by Cheung Hoi Tat, So Chee Wing. / Bibliography: leaves [151-153] / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1986

Cheng Hau-ling. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 95-100). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.2 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- "HOME, SWEET HOME" --- p.17 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- DREAMY HOME IN ADS --- p.30 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- RE-DEFINING SEA VIEW --- p.39 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- CONSUMING HOME --- p.47 / Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- CONSUMING SEA VIEW --- p.70 / Chapter CHAPTER 7 --- BUYING A DREAM --- p.79 / APPENDIX I --- p.88 / APPENDIX II --- p.89 / APPENDIX III --- p.91 / APPENDIX IV --- p.92 / APPENDIX V --- p.93 / APPENDIX VI --- p.94 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.95

Topic of this master thesis is the characterization of the relationship between private oil companies and the state. Ambition is to render this co-existence based on historical case studies and practical examples. Case studies show a transparent variety of state approaches and relations with private oil companies. Practical examples are characterized by three major oil states and demonstrate their efforts to prioritize "national champions" and to maximize their income from oil. Based on results of this work, it is clear that private companies and the state in most cases need each other, altough their relations are often tense. There are also a far-reaching legislative changes that are making actions of private oil companies more difficult.

69 Abstract The purpose of this thesis is to describe the legal regulation of ownership of cooperative flat. The thesis is composed of four chapters, each of them dealing with different aspects of legislation of ownership of cooperative flat. Chapter one is composed of four main subchapters, and contains brief descriptions of basic institutes of each cooperative. The first chapter also contains an explanation what the cooperative is, who are the members of cooperative, what is an organization and regulations of cooperative, and how the cooperative expires. Second chapter is aimed on the flat cooperative. Its first part contains short historical overview of legal regulation of flat cooperative since their creation, till the second half of the twentieth century. Second subchapter explains the concept of the flat cooperative. Inside the following two subchapters of this chapter are described kinds of a typical flat cooperatives, and detailed described the concept of cooperative flat. Third chapter of the thesis analyzes the transfers of the flats cooperatives to the ownership of their members. In the first subchapter is an explanation of the legal regulation, which offers the change between the owner of the flat from the cooperative to its member- man. In this part are also described the theoretical...

Historically, public ownership of telecommunications, railways, ports, and energy, amongst other infrastructure, has been important in New Zealand. In the electricity sector local authorities generated and supplied electricity from the early 1900s. Thus in a sense electricity generation was in the hands of community owned and operated trading enterprises. However, the reforms of the 1980s and 1990s brought significant restructuring of this infrastructure based on the market model of privatisation. Since 1992 energy companies have been required to operate as successful businesses despite being ultimately owned by community trusts which, in effect, hold the assets of the energy company in trust for the community. However, it is arguable as to whether this model actually pursues social and community objectives. Community ownership of wind turbines is common in some European countries, but there are currently no examples of this form of ownership in New Zealand. This thesis defines community ownership and by examining case studies in Scotland, Denmark and Australia, proposes a model of community ownership appropriate to wind turbine ownership in New Zealand. Specifically, this thesis seeks to identify community ownership models that are capable of promoting holistic environmental justice by reconciling social justice with ecological justice. A number of forms of community ownership are identified in the various case study countries and a comparative analysis is carried out of these exemplars. On the basis of these studies it is found to be possible for a form of community ownership of wind turbines to exist in New Zealand that incorporates both social justice and ecological justice principles as holistic environmental justice.

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate and analyze existing law concerning joint owner-ship in agriculture and forestry businesses. Joint ownership often arises through a succes-sion of ownership, therefore we will go through the most useful methods.Even if the owners of agriculture and forestry businesses are getting older, the numbers of succession of ownerships are still low. A succession of ownership is important to plan and its time is demanding. Often it takes three to five years for the completion of a succession of ownership. Therefore, owners must start their planning in time and think about what is to come of their business. During the planning, a decision must be made concerning who they want to take over and how it should be performed. When it comes to succession of ownership in agriculture and forestry businesses, three different methods are used. Those methods are inheritance, gift and purchase. These methods are also divided into unplanned and planned succession of ownership. For example, inheritance is unplanned and a gift and purchase, together with testamentary aquisitions, are planned.Inheritance occurs when the older generation passes away and the survivor inherits the property. If there is no survivor, the legal inheritance order decides who will inherit the property. Gift and purchase means that the owner gives away or sells the property to the younger generation. A combination of the methods can also be carried out. In that case, it is the compensation that decides if it is to be considered as a gift or a purchase. When the compensation exceeds the assessed value, the transfer is considered a purchase. Formerly, it was common that the oldest son took over the business. In this day and age, that does not happen as frequently. Far too often it is hard to find one person that wants to take over. Instead a succession of ownership is carried out to all the siblings. The reason for this is that the owner wants the business to stay within the family. This, even though joint ownership is to be considered as a bad solution that often leads to conflicts.Surrounding joint ownership, there are some problems that can arise at its origin during the joint ownership and in connection with the disposal. The choice of method, to transfer the farm, is of significance if a license is needed in order for the acquisition to be valid. It is also important to think through which stipulations that are put into the contract in connec-tion with the transfer. In the case that those stipulations are contrary to law then they are not valid.The problems that can arise during joint ownership often leads to disagreements. Examples of problems that will be mentioned in this thesis are which rules of law are applicable if a part owner has the right to farm the land and if the joint ownership is to be considered as a company. In the case of torn out conflicts, a possibility is presented implying that a de-mand can be made by any part owner that a sale shall be carried out at a public auction.