El objetivo general de esta investigación es analizar la importancia de la iconoplástica y del diseño de información para generar una mejor percepción al diseño del etiquetado frontal en los productos industrializados. Por este motivo, la hipótesis planteada para esta investigación es la propuesta de intervención del estudio iconoplástico y el diseño de información en el sistema de etiquetado frontal generan una mejor percepción en los jóvenes adultos. Esta investigación es cualitativa porque se realizaron encuestas a 50 consumidores para conocer sus molestias visuales sobre el etiquetado frontal. Además, se entrevistó a abogados e ingenieros agroindustriales para saber si el etiquetado frontal de advertencias puede ser modificado. Por último, se entrevistó a diseñadores para corroborar los errores técnicos que presenta este sistema de etiquetado en cuanto a diseño gráfico. Para esta investigación la solución consiste en la modificación del etiquetado frontal de productos industrializados. Para ello, se utiliza una retícula para ordenar la información de manera profesional, se cambió la forma de octágono porque da más espacio a la composición. Como resultados se obtuvo que los consumidores consideran una buena propuesta ya que los símbolos se organizan de mejor manera dentro de un espacio reducido. Las conclusiones de este proyecto es que el estudio iconoplástico y el diseño de la información ayudan a resolver la gráfica del etiquetado frontal puesto que la información se organiza mejor. Además, este proyecto fue testeado por un público piloto y se concluyó que generaría impacto en cualquier grupo porque la está mejor organizada. / The main objective for this research is to analyze the importance of iconoplastic and design information to create a better perception on front-of-pack labelling of industrialized products. For this reason, the hypothesis is that the intervention approach of the iconoplastic study and design information on front-of-pack labelling creates a better perception in young adults. This research is qualitative because surveys were made to 50 consumers that confirms their visual disturbance about the front-of-pack labelling design. Also, lawyers and Agro-industrial engineers were interviewed to prove that this labelling could be modified in the future. Finally, designers were also interviewed to corroborate some graphic design technical issues. The research’s solution consists on modifying the front-of-pack labelling of industrialized products. For this, a grid was used for organizing all the information to create uniformity between the symbols, the form was changed from octagon to hexagon, the typography was changed to Franklin Gothic Condensed because it leaves more blank space for the composition. As a result, it was obtained that consumers consider this is a good solution because the symbols are organized in a better way. The conclusions that were found at the end of this project are that the iconoplastic study and the design information help to resolve graphic problems that preset the front-of-pack labelling because the information is organized on grids. Also, this project was only tested on a small group of people, but they consider this solution could generate impact in any public because the information is better organized. / Trabajo de investigación

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Nas Ãltimas dÃcadas, a dinÃmica de pacotes de ondas tem sido objeto de vÃrios estudos teÃricos e experimentais em diversos tipos de sistemas, tais como semicondutores, supercondutores, sÃlidos cristalinos e Ãtomos frios. Com a descoberta do grafeno, surge agora um novo sistema para a comunidade cientÃfica investigar a evoluÃÃo temporal de pacotes de onda e a possibilidade de observar-se o fenÃmeno zitterbewegung (ZBW), um movimento trÃmulo previsto teoricamente por SchrÃdinger para pacotes de onda descrevendo partÃculas que obedecem à equaÃÃo de Dirac, como à o caso de elÃtrons de baixa energia neste material. Neste trabalho, apresentamos uma descriÃÃo detalhada da dinÃmica de partÃculas carregadas descritas por um pacote de onda Gaussiano em monocamada e bicamada de grafeno de forma analitica. Primeiramente, obtivemos analiticamente um Hamiltoniano aproximado 2x2 para uma monocamada de grafeno, generalizando-o, em seguida, para o caso de n-camadas com empilhamento ABC. A partir deste Hamiltoniano, encontramos as funÃÃes de onda para as sub-redes A e B. Uma vez conhecidas as funÃÃes de onda, determinamos a densidade de probabilidade eletrÃnica e o valor mÃdio das coordenadas do centro de massa com o objetivo de verificar o comportamento da propagaÃÃo do pacote de onda, bem como as oscilaÃÃes devido ao fenÃmeno ZBW. Foram analisados diferentes casos de polarizaÃÃo inicial de pseudo-spin, relacionados a diferentes amplitudes de probabilidade das funÃÃes de onda das sub-redes A e B que compÃem as camadas do grafeno. Por fim, comparamos os resultados obtidos analiticamente com um mÃtodo computacional tight-binding, encontrando um casamento perfeito entre os resultados para o caso da monocamada.

Neste trabalho estudou-se o efeito do tratamento de boretação na resistência ao desgaste, corrosão e oxidação dos aços AISI 1060 e AISI H13. As amostras dos aços foram boretadas com pó a 900 e 1000°C por 2 e 4 horas. Foram realizados ensaios de microdesgaste em máquina do tipo esfera fixa, sem uso de abrasivos, nas amostras boretadas e não boretadas. A resistência à corrosão, das amostras boretadas e não boretadas, em HCl 0.1M foi avaliada por ensaios de polarização potenciodinâmica. Ensaios de oxidação do tipo quase-isotérmica foram realizados nas amostras, utilizando temperatura de 550°C ao ar. Para todas as condições de tratamento empregadas foram formadas camadas de boretos com elevadas durezas sobre os substratos. As propriedades das camadas como dureza, espessura, morfologia da interface camada/substrato e as fases presentes, foram influenciadas pelas composições dos aços. No caso do aço AISI H13, que possui maior quantidade de elementos de liga, as camadas formadas foram mais duras, menos espessas, com interface lisa, e para todas as condições de tratamento foram formadas os compostos de boro Fe2B, FeB e CrB. Já no aço AISI 1060 as interfaces camada/substrato foram do tipo dentada e para a temperatura de boretação de 900°C apenas a fase Fe2B foi formada, aparecendo o FeB a partir da temperatura de boretação de 1000°C. A resistência ao desgaste, corrosão e oxidação dos aços boretados aumentou significativamente, sendo que em relação ao desgaste, os melhores resultados foram obtidos com as amostras boretadas a 1000°C. Quanto à oxidação, os dois aços boretados a 900°C por 2h apresentaram os melhores desempenhos, e quanto à corrosão, os parâmetros do tratamento de boretação não influenciaram significativamente os desempenhos. / In this work the effect of pack boriding on wear, corrosion and oxidation resistance of AISI 1060 and AISI H13 steels were studied. Samples of the steels were pack borided at 900 and 1000°C for periods of 2 and 4h. Fixed-ball microwear tests were performed on borided and non-borided samples, without use of abrasives. The samples corrosion resistances, in HCl 0.1M, were evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization tests. Quasiisothermal oxidation tests were performed at 550°C on air. High hard layers were formed on steels for all treatment conditions employed. The layers properties, such as hardness, thickness, layer/substrate interface morphology and phases formed, were influenced by steels compositions. For AISI H13 steel, which has a larger amount of lloying elements, the formed layers were arder, thinner, with smooth interface and for all treatments conditions the compounds Fe2B, FeB and CrB were formed. For borided AISI 1060 steel, the layer/substrate interfaces showed a saw-tooth morphology and for boriding temperature of 900°C only the Fe2B phase were formed, appearing FeB for boriding temperature of 1000°C. The wear, corrosion and oxidation resistances of borided steels significantly increased and in relation to wear, the best results were btained with the samples borided at 1000°C. In oxidation case, both steels borided at 900°C for 2h showed the best performances, and with respect to corrosion, boriding treatments parameters did not significantly affect the performances.

Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2016-12-21T16:24:41Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Kelly Nobre Marra - 2012.pdf: 2565911 bytes, checksum: f0057800bcb5bba97865ae5ccc3e4507 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-12-26T14:21:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Kelly Nobre Marra - 2012.pdf: 2565911 bytes, checksum: f0057800bcb5bba97865ae5ccc3e4507 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-26T14:21:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Kelly Nobre Marra - 2012.pdf: 2565911 bytes, checksum: f0057800bcb5bba97865ae5ccc3e4507 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The involvement of Clostridium estertheticum as agents of deterioration of chilled beef packaged under vacuum from slaughterhouse brazilian, has been reported since 2007. Once detected, and presents the main sources of contamination in slaughter establishments, there was the need to advance the search for new knowledge about this Clostridia, however, the classical microbiological methods for their detection are considered difficult to implement because they require hard work and take a long time. PCR can be a quick and efficient detection of clostridia incriminated in the deterioration of beef chilled vacuum packaged and refrigerated environments slaughterhouses, without isolation of pure cultures. The objective of this study was to develop a test for realtime PCR for detection of Clostridium estertheticum in bovine meat and environments of slaughterhouse brazilian, as well as the molecular identification of isolates of Clostridium estertheticum by means of AFLP and RFLP techniques - PCR. The analytical results were compared with conventional PCR and confirmed by isolation. The Real-Time PCR assay for detection of Clostridium estertheticum in bovine meat and environments of slaughterhouse brazilian, was efficient. Evidence for the presence and distribution of C. estertheticum the sources studied and the technique of RT-PCR provided the highest percentage of positive samples from slaughterhouses that refrigerators Conventional PCR, and this is confirmed by isolation, which has become an important alternative for the detection of C. estertheticum in bovine meat and environments of slaughterhouse without isolation. The isolates used showed general similarity of 42.4%, suggesting high genetic diversity. In addition, the isolates obtained from samples of ambient and refrigerated meat tufted not show significant similarity, greater than 80%, used with any typical strain. The similarity found between the isolates may be indicative of possible similarity between those from meats and puffed from between those environments and equipment. The study revealed that additional steps necessary x for the characterization of Brazilian isolates, especially sequencing of other regions of the DNA so as to determine their taxonomic position. / O envolvimento de Clostridium estertheticum como agente de deterioração de carnes bovinas refrigeradas embaladas a vácuo provenientes de ambientes de frigoríficos no Brasil, vem sendo relatado desde 2007. Uma vez detectados, bem como apontadas as principais fontes de contaminação nos estabelecimentos de abate, surgiu à necessidade de avançar na busca de novos conhecimentos sobre esses clostrídios. No entanto, os métodos microbiológicos clássicos para sua detecção são considerados de difícil execução, pois exigem muito trabalho e demandam muito tempo. A PCR pode ser uma alternativa rápida e eficiente para detecção de clostrídios incriminados na deterioração de carnes bovinas refrigeradas embaladas a vácuo e ambientes de matadouros-frigoríficos, sem a necessidade de isolamento em culturas puras. Objetivou-se com o presente estudo desenvolver um ensaio de PCR em Tempo Real para detecção de Clostridium estertheticum em carnes bovinas e superfícies diversas de matadouros-frigoríficos brasileiros, assim como a identificação molecular de isolados de Clostridium estertheticum, por meio das técnicas RFLP e AFLP – PCR. Os resultados analíticos foram comparados com PCR Convencional e confirmados pelo isolamento. O ensaio PCR em Tempo Real desenvolvido para detecção de Clostridium estertheticum em carnes bovinas e superfícies diversas de matadouros-frigoríficos brasileiros, mostrou-se eficiente. Evidencia-se a presença e disseminação de C. estertheticum nas fontes estudadas e a técnica de PCR em Tempo Real proporcionou maior percentual de positividade para amostras de matadouros- frigoríficos que a técnica de PCR Convencional, sendo este confirmado pelo isolamento, o que demonstra ser uma alternativa importante na detecção de C. estertheticum de carnes bovinas e superfícies diversas de matadouros-frigoríficos sem a necessidade de isolamento. Os isolados utilizados revelaram similaridade geral de 42,4%, sugerindo alta diversidade genética. Além viii disso, os isolados obtidos a partir de amostras de ambientes frigoríficos e carnes tufadas não apresentaram similaridade significativa, maior que 80%, com nenhuma cepa padrão utilizada. A similaridade encontrada entre os isolados pode ser indicativa de possível semelhança entre aqueles provenientes de carnes tufadas e entre aqueles provenientes de ambientes e equipamentos. O estudo mostrou serem necessárias etapas complementares de caracterização dos isolados brasileiros, principalmente sequenciamento de outras regiões do DNA para assim determinar sua posição taxonômica.

No description available.

The main aim of the Thesis is to evaluate the impact of introduction of so called Macroeconomic Imbalance Procedure (MIP) on the european economic governance system. This procedure was adopted as one of many measures by which the EU has responded to the economic crisis. The crisis has fully revealed, inter alia, inadequate coordination of economic policies in the EU. For a long time has been the tighter form of the coordinaton focused only on indicators of fiscal discipline. The first chapter of this thesis provides an explanation of the concept of european economic governance and its development since the signing of Treaty of Rome. The second chapter is devoted to the development and impact of the economic crisis in the EU and the measures that have been adopted at EU level in order to improve european economic governance. The core of the thesis is the third chapter which focuses on the analysis of development of indicators monitored during MIP. The fourth chapter provides an overview of the aspects that are newly included in European economic governance thanks to MIP.

Tato práce se zabývá problematikou battery packů. V první části popisuje návrh battery packu z hlediska volby baterií, jejich tvaru, velikosti, typu a konfigurace zapojení. Dále uvádí vliv těchto charakteristik na výkonnost battery packu a jeho spolehlivost. Zabývá se problematikou termálního managementu battery packů a jeho vlivu na životní cyklus baterií. V druhé části se zabývá praktickým návrhem konceptu battery packu pro Lithium-polymerové baterie. Kalorimetricky je zde zjištěno množství produkovaného tepla při vybíjení, které je poté využito v CFD simulaci chlazení článku.

Developing the greenest battery cell and establishing a European supply of batteries is the main goal for Northvolt. To achieve this, the recycling of batteries is a key enabler towards closing the loop and enabling the future of energy.When it comes to the recycling of electric vehicle battery packs, dismantling is one of of the main process steps.Given the size, weight and high voltage of the battery packs, automatic disassembly using robots is the preferred solution. The work presented in this thesis aims to develop and integrate a vision system able to identify and verify the battery pack dismantling process. To achieve this, two cameras were placed in the robot cell and the object detectors You Only Look Once (YOLO) and template matching were implemented, tested and compared. The results show that YOLO is the best object detector out of the ones implemented. The integration of the vision system with the robot controller was also tested and showed that with the results from the vision system, the robot controller can make informed decisions regarding the disassembly.

El objetivo general de esta investigación es analizar la importancia de la iconoplástica y del diseño de información para generar una mejor percepción al diseño del etiquetado frontal en los productos industrializados. Por este motivo, la hipótesis planteada para esta investigación es la propuesta de intervención del estudio iconoplástico y el diseño de información en el sistema de etiquetado frontal generan una mejor percepción en los jóvenes adultos. Esta investigación es cualitativa porque se realizaron encuestas a 50 consumidores para conocer sus molestias visuales sobre el etiquetado frontal. Además, se entrevistó a abogados e ingenieros agroindustriales para saber si el etiquetado frontal de advertencias puede ser modificado. Por último, se entrevistó a diseñadores para corroborar los errores técnicos que presenta este sistema de etiquetado en cuanto a diseño gráfico. Para esta investigación la solución consiste en la modificación del etiquetado frontal de productos industrializados. Para ello, se utiliza una retícula para ordenar la información de manera profesional, se cambió la forma de octágono porque da más espacio a la composición. Como resultados se obtuvo que los consumidores consideran una buena propuesta ya que los símbolos se organizan de mejor manera dentro de un espacio reducido. Las conclusiones de este proyecto es que el estudio iconoplástico y el diseño de la información ayudan a resolver la gráfica del etiquetado frontal puesto que la información se organiza mejor. Además, este proyecto fue testeado por un público piloto y se concluyó que generaría impacto en cualquier grupo porque la está mejor organizada. / The main objective for this research is to analyze the importance of iconoplastic and design information to create a better perception on front-of-pack labelling of industrialized products. For this reason, the hypothesis is that the intervention approach of the iconoplastic study and design information on front-of-pack labelling creates a better perception in young adults. This research is qualitative because surveys were made to 50 consumers that confirms their visual disturbance about the front-of-pack labelling design. Also, lawyers and Agro-industrial engineers were interviewed to prove that this labelling could be modified in the future. Finally, designers were also interviewed to corroborate some graphic design technical issues. The research’s solution consists on modifying the front-of-pack labelling of industrialized products. For this, a grid was used for organizing all the information to create uniformity between the symbols, the form was changed from octagon to hexagon, the typography was changed to Franklin Gothic Condensed because it leaves more blank space for the composition. As a result, it was obtained that consumers consider this is a good solution because the symbols are organized in a better way. The conclusions that were found at the end of this project are that the iconoplastic study and the design information help to resolve graphic problems that preset the front-of-pack labelling because the information is organized on grids. Also, this project was only tested on a small group of people, but they consider this solution could generate impact in any public because the information is better organized. / Trabajo de investigación

No description available.