Cette thèse porte sur l’atrocité du crime de parricide dans la culture pénale de la modernité que reconfigurent les Lumières libérales du droit de punir après 1750. Entre la doctrine criminelle et les pratiques judiciaires du parlement de Paris – la plus haute cour d’appel du royaume au XVIIIe siècle –, se nouent des relations dialectiques fondamentales qui structurent ce travail. Dès la Renaissance, les traités criminels définissent le crime à partir de l’acception juridique étendue que lui confère la législation pénale romaine. Le parricidium s’étend à l’homicide d’un parent jusqu’au quatrième degré. La nature familiale du crime définit son atrocité juridique. Amplifiant l’horreur attachée aux transgressions de l’autorité paternelle, le parricide qualifie aussi toute atteinte à la personne sacrée du roi « père de son peuple ». Contaminé par la catégorie de la lèse-majesté, le crime atroce encourt la rigueur suppliciaire de châtiments extrêmes (démembrement du parricide royal, roue et poing coupé du parricide domestique). Des excès à l’empoisonnement, des cousins aux père et mère, du parricide familial au parricide du roi : dans les pratiques judiciaires du parlement de Paris (1694-1780), la diversité des faits et des parents relevant du parricide domine. La rigueur punitive s’efface pourtant devant l’atténuation du crime atroce. La majorité des accusés sont élargis au bénéfice du doute voire exonérés du dernier supplice en cas de folie. L’atténuation globale s’accompagne, dans le même temps, d’un processus d’aggravation pénale ultra restrictive, lequel s’intensifie après 1750. Dans l’arbitraire de leurs pouvoirs pénaux, les magistrats du Palais réservent la qualification pénale du parricide à l’assassinat d’un ascendant au premier degré. Le « véritable parricide » se voit reconfiguré dans la culture pénale d’Ancien Régime annonçant les codifications pénales révolutionnaires de 1791 et de 1810. / The main of this PH dissertation is to study the “parricide” as an atrocious crime in the penal culture during the liberalEnlightenment, and notably after 1750. Criminal doctrine and Parlement de Paris’s judicial practices help to build thetopics and research problem about legal punishment to this vicious offense. From Renaissance, legal treatises broadlydefine this crime in the legacy of Roman Law. Parricidium means killing a relative to the fourth degree by blood.Criminal atrocity is determined by family links. Moreover, parricide also means a crime committed against the sacredperson of king. Major criminal offence (“lèse-majesté”), the regicide is punished with extreme torments as thequartering of the body. Accordingly, the common parricide is punished by hand cutting off. Physical abuse, poisoning,cousins, father, mother and king’s parricide: in judicial practices of Parlement de Paris (1694-1780), many are thecases and parents involved in a criminal trial for “parricide”. However, penal moderation prevails quantitatively overextreme repression. In majority of cases, defendants are liberated and, if they are insane, declared non punishable. After1750, general temperance is combined with a more and increasing severity concentrated on a relative to the first degreeby blood (“ assassinat d’un ascendant au premier degré ”). The “ geniune parricide ”, so restored by this study to itsepistemological centrality of Enlightenment penal culture, gives way to the penal codification (1791, 1810), which endsthe Ancien Régime of crime and punishments.

<p> Freud's Totem and Taboo was one of the more controversial additions to the literature of religious theory. The two major hypotheses of the work are the parallel between ontogenetic and phylogenetic evolution, and the primal horde parricide. The first hypothesis has rarely been taken seriously. The second, although never verified with anthropological evidence, has generated further hypotheses based upon its value as a symbolic representation rather than an actual occurrence. Paul Roazen has suggested that the primal horde parricide hypothesis possesses characteristics similar to those of most social contract theories. He posited, in light of this, that Totem and Taboo ought to be considered a kind of social contract, although it has never been thought of this way. </p> <p> The major school of philosophical thought which has continued to maintain interest in Totem and Taboo, long after the main anthropological assertions have been dispelled, is the French structuralist movement and its successors. Through the work of Levi-Strauss, carried on with theorists such as Lacan, Bataille, and Derrida, Totem and Taboo has maintained value as important work. The French structuralists have sustained a tradition that began with Rousseau of combining mathematical reasoning and linguistic theory together with anthropological speculation raised in Totem and Taboo. Thus in light of Roazen's hypothesis and the structuralist treatment of Totem and Taboo, together with Bryan Skyrms' s recent work on Rousseau and the mathematics of social contract theory, I posit that Totem and Taboo is comparable to Rousseau's Social Contract, in which human nature, politics, myth and mathematics merge. Implicitly Totem and Taboo contains a novel theory of the political development of society. </p> / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Few studies exist which systematically address the topic of attempted adolescent parricide, particularly within a family violence context. This study, through qualitative research techniques: (a) determined the incidence of attempted adolescent parricide; (b) examined variables associated with the phenomenon; (c) derived a behavioral portrait of adolescents who attempt parricide through TFA Systems (tm); and (d) compared actual and attempted parricide. Select case studies from the research literature served as the actual parricide group for comparative purposes. This descriptive study identified counselors in Virginia and West Virginia who had worked with parricidal clients within the preceding 2 years. Through questionnaire completion and personal interviews with respondents, counselors provided substantive information on youth who attempted parricide, including: (a) detailed demographic data; (b) youth and family social history variables; (c) circumstances surrounding the act; (d) counseling involvement; and (e) a TFA behavioral portrait. Although precise figures are lacking, it was found that adolescent parricide comprises approximately 2% of all yearly murders, and that for each successful parricide, there is at least one additional attempt where the parent does not die. Youths who attempt and those who commit parricide are close cousins who share many commonalities, including: an abusive home environment; youth and parental alcohol or drug use or abuse; a runaway history; problem behaviors; and school difficulties. The fact that the victim survives in attempted parricide is explained more by fortuity and weapons choice than by differing motive. A TFA profile analysis revealed that, at the time of the killing, youths who committed parricide fell into the Acting-Feeling or Acting-Thinking behavioral patterns. Youths who attempted the act shared the Acting-Feeling and Acting-Thinking patterns, but also evidenced a Feeling-Acting pattern. A stronger affective component appeared to be evidenced by attempters, when compared with actuals. Actual and attempted parricide offenders were found to share many variables with other high-risk or at-risk youths. Future research may wish to focus on some of these common variables. Recommendations for further study of attempted adolescent parricide were presented. / Ph. D.

Dans la chronique Sentiments filiaux d'un parricide, Marcel Proust interprète le parricide et le suicide d'Henri van Blarenberghe comme un événement tragique et exemplaire. Chez l'écrivain, le parricide n'était pas une bête barbare, mais un homme très gentil, délicat et aimable. Cette polémique conception du crime est soutenue par la comparaison avec des oeuvres d'art comme Guerre et Paix, Roi Lear, Orestie et, principalement, OEdipe-roi. La culpabilité est une caractéristique des personnages cités par Proust, mais, ils sont encore exemplaires. La juxtaposition de Proust entre le crime et la littérature révèle une singulière vision sur le parricide et sur la nature de l'amour filiale. Qu'est-ce qu'est le parricide chez Proust ? Comment la comparaison entre Henri van Blarenberghe, une personne, et OEdipe, le personnage tragique, est possible ? Quelles sont les caractéristiques de l'OEdipe soulignés par Proust dans son interprétation ? Comment la relation entre un fils et ses parents est construite ? Donc, ce travail analyse et interprète Sentiments filiaux d'un parricide le but de découvrir la signification du parricide chez Proust, à partir de l'intertextualité du personnage OEdipe et les affinités de la chronique avec autres oeuvres de Proust. Ainsi, ce travail cherche une compréhension plus large e de la réception du crime dans les journaux français ; l'analyse du thème du parricide ; la proximité de la chronique avec le thème des mères profanées ; la conception de Proust sur le personnage OEdipe ; et la comparaison de l'OEdipe proustien avec autres interprétations du personnage. / Na crônica Sentiments filiaux d’un parricide, Marcel Proust interpreta o matricidio e o suicidio de Henri van Blarenberghe como um acontecimento trágico e exemplar. Segundo o escritor, o parricida não é uma besta atroz, mas um homem extremamente dedicado e amável. Essa polêmica concepção do crime e do assassino é sustentada pela comparação com obras literárias trágicas: Guerra e paz, Rei Lear, Ájax, Oréstia e, principalmente, Édipo-rei. Todos os personagens evocados por Proust têm o sentimento de culpa, no entanto, eles ainda são grandiosos. A justaposição de Proust entre o crime e a literatura revela uma singular visão sobre o parricida e sobre a natureza do amor filial. Qual o significado do parricidio na crônica? Como a comparação entre Henri van Blarenberghe e Édipo é possível? Quais são as características de Édipo destacadas por Proust em sua interpretação? Como é construída a relação de um filho com seus pais? Portanto, o trabalho analisa e interpreta Sentiments filiaux d’un parricide com o propósito de decifrar o significado do parricídio na crônica, a partir da intertextualidade com o personagem Édipo e as afinidades do texto com elementos selecionados da obra de Proust. Assim, o presente trabalho analisou a repercussão do crime nos jornais franceses; o tema do parricídio; a aproximação da crônica com o tema da profanação das mães; a concepção de Proust de Édipo; e o confronto do Édipo proustiano com outras versões do mesmo personagem.

Dans la chronique Sentiments filiaux d'un parricide, Marcel Proust interprète le parricide et le suicide d'Henri van Blarenberghe comme un événement tragique et exemplaire. Chez l'écrivain, le parricide n'était pas une bête barbare, mais un homme très gentil, délicat et aimable. Cette polémique conception du crime est soutenue par la comparaison avec des oeuvres d'art comme Guerre et Paix, Roi Lear, Orestie et, principalement, OEdipe-roi. La culpabilité est une caractéristique des personnages cités par Proust, mais, ils sont encore exemplaires. La juxtaposition de Proust entre le crime et la littérature révèle une singulière vision sur le parricide et sur la nature de l'amour filiale. Qu'est-ce qu'est le parricide chez Proust ? Comment la comparaison entre Henri van Blarenberghe, une personne, et OEdipe, le personnage tragique, est possible ? Quelles sont les caractéristiques de l'OEdipe soulignés par Proust dans son interprétation ? Comment la relation entre un fils et ses parents est construite ? Donc, ce travail analyse et interprète Sentiments filiaux d'un parricide le but de découvrir la signification du parricide chez Proust, à partir de l'intertextualité du personnage OEdipe et les affinités de la chronique avec autres oeuvres de Proust. Ainsi, ce travail cherche une compréhension plus large e de la réception du crime dans les journaux français ; l'analyse du thème du parricide ; la proximité de la chronique avec le thème des mères profanées ; la conception de Proust sur le personnage OEdipe ; et la comparaison de l'OEdipe proustien avec autres interprétations du personnage. / Na crônica Sentiments filiaux d’un parricide, Marcel Proust interpreta o matricidio e o suicidio de Henri van Blarenberghe como um acontecimento trágico e exemplar. Segundo o escritor, o parricida não é uma besta atroz, mas um homem extremamente dedicado e amável. Essa polêmica concepção do crime e do assassino é sustentada pela comparação com obras literárias trágicas: Guerra e paz, Rei Lear, Ájax, Oréstia e, principalmente, Édipo-rei. Todos os personagens evocados por Proust têm o sentimento de culpa, no entanto, eles ainda são grandiosos. A justaposição de Proust entre o crime e a literatura revela uma singular visão sobre o parricida e sobre a natureza do amor filial. Qual o significado do parricidio na crônica? Como a comparação entre Henri van Blarenberghe e Édipo é possível? Quais são as características de Édipo destacadas por Proust em sua interpretação? Como é construída a relação de um filho com seus pais? Portanto, o trabalho analisa e interpreta Sentiments filiaux d’un parricide com o propósito de decifrar o significado do parricídio na crônica, a partir da intertextualidade com o personagem Édipo e as afinidades do texto com elementos selecionados da obra de Proust. Assim, o presente trabalho analisou a repercussão do crime nos jornais franceses; o tema do parricídio; a aproximação da crônica com o tema da profanação das mães; a concepção de Proust de Édipo; e o confronto do Édipo proustiano com outras versões do mesmo personagem.

Dans la chronique Sentiments filiaux d'un parricide, Marcel Proust interprète le parricide et le suicide d'Henri van Blarenberghe comme un événement tragique et exemplaire. Chez l'écrivain, le parricide n'était pas une bête barbare, mais un homme très gentil, délicat et aimable. Cette polémique conception du crime est soutenue par la comparaison avec des oeuvres d'art comme Guerre et Paix, Roi Lear, Orestie et, principalement, OEdipe-roi. La culpabilité est une caractéristique des personnages cités par Proust, mais, ils sont encore exemplaires. La juxtaposition de Proust entre le crime et la littérature révèle une singulière vision sur le parricide et sur la nature de l'amour filiale. Qu'est-ce qu'est le parricide chez Proust ? Comment la comparaison entre Henri van Blarenberghe, une personne, et OEdipe, le personnage tragique, est possible ? Quelles sont les caractéristiques de l'OEdipe soulignés par Proust dans son interprétation ? Comment la relation entre un fils et ses parents est construite ? Donc, ce travail analyse et interprète Sentiments filiaux d'un parricide le but de découvrir la signification du parricide chez Proust, à partir de l'intertextualité du personnage OEdipe et les affinités de la chronique avec autres oeuvres de Proust. Ainsi, ce travail cherche une compréhension plus large e de la réception du crime dans les journaux français ; l'analyse du thème du parricide ; la proximité de la chronique avec le thème des mères profanées ; la conception de Proust sur le personnage OEdipe ; et la comparaison de l'OEdipe proustien avec autres interprétations du personnage. / Na crônica Sentiments filiaux d’un parricide, Marcel Proust interpreta o matricidio e o suicidio de Henri van Blarenberghe como um acontecimento trágico e exemplar. Segundo o escritor, o parricida não é uma besta atroz, mas um homem extremamente dedicado e amável. Essa polêmica concepção do crime e do assassino é sustentada pela comparação com obras literárias trágicas: Guerra e paz, Rei Lear, Ájax, Oréstia e, principalmente, Édipo-rei. Todos os personagens evocados por Proust têm o sentimento de culpa, no entanto, eles ainda são grandiosos. A justaposição de Proust entre o crime e a literatura revela uma singular visão sobre o parricida e sobre a natureza do amor filial. Qual o significado do parricidio na crônica? Como a comparação entre Henri van Blarenberghe e Édipo é possível? Quais são as características de Édipo destacadas por Proust em sua interpretação? Como é construída a relação de um filho com seus pais? Portanto, o trabalho analisa e interpreta Sentiments filiaux d’un parricide com o propósito de decifrar o significado do parricídio na crônica, a partir da intertextualidade com o personagem Édipo e as afinidades do texto com elementos selecionados da obra de Proust. Assim, o presente trabalho analisou a repercussão do crime nos jornais franceses; o tema do parricídio; a aproximação da crônica com o tema da profanação das mães; a concepção de Proust de Édipo; e o confronto do Édipo proustiano com outras versões do mesmo personagem.

This research uses trial data to extend previous research by Stead and Howard-Payne (2012) to examine discourse regarding Nicolette Lotter, a convicted female killer, and to proffer a preliminary theory of discursive networks. A discursive analytic approach to, and a Foucauldian Feminist interpretation of, the data was adopted to compare and contrast discursive constructions of the subject produced within the legal and media context in the interest of understanding how hegemonic understandings of femininity continue to be (re)produced in contemporary society. This report argues for a distinction between discursive construction and discursive practice, where the former is show to operate in production of the latter. It suggests further that the discourse produced in the legal context and the discourse produced in the media context align to fashion a discourse network where convergence occurs at the level of construction and divergence occurs at the level of practice. Such a discourse network arising in relation to Nicolette Lotter is shown to foster an understanding of the female killer which contributes to the fortification of gender prescriptions which are of patriarchal orientation in the interests of preserving male dominance and female subjugation.

Esta pesquisa visa a apresentar as construções discursivas sobre crimes de parricídio em reportagens das revistas semanais brasileiras Veja, IstoÉ e Época, num período compreendido entre os anos de 1970 e 2002, totalizando 10 matérias analisadas. A partir dos referenciais teóricos propostos pelas Ciências da Linguagem, Teorias da Enunciação e Análise do Discurso de orientação francesa, buscou-se depreender como as referidas reportagens viabilizam determinados efeitos de sentido, respaldadas por uma vontade de verdade, na terminologia de Michel Foucault. Intentou-se, ainda, verificar de que forma a instância enunciadora mobiliza estratégias para construir sua identidade, em vista do princípio constitutivamente heterogêneo do discurso. As análises efetuadas denotam que, a despeito de as matérias terem sido veiculadas em momentos diversos, ao longo de 32 anos, têm em comum o fato de identificarem a mencionada predisposição de verdade ao lugar do pai, enquanto metáfora das injunções de que emana a própria organização da sociedade. / This research aims to present the discursive constructions on crimes of parricide as they appeared in articles published by the Brazilians weekly magazines Veja, IstoÉ and Época, between 1970 e 2002. In all, 10 articles were analysed. Taking into account the theoretical background of the Sciences of Language, Enunciation and French Discourse Analysis, we attempted to infer how these articles undertake certain sense effects based on a will to truth, as referred by Michel Foucault. The analysis is also intended to examine the enunciative instances strategies in building its identity, in consideration of discourse heterogeneous characteristic. Despite of being published in different moments along 32 years, the articles are similar in basing that will to truth on the name of the father, as a metaphorical construction of the injunctions which organizes the society itself.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:37:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Debora Patricia Nemer Pinheiro.pdf: 1101506 bytes, checksum: 9916bb6647e7ac1d8d8d543a6d07d242 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-18 / Freudian psychoanalysis grounds the constitution of subjectivity in two interdictions: the interdiction of incest and the interdiction of the parricide crime. This thesis discusses the psychic organization and functioning of subjects who have committed the passage to the parricide act. In terms of methodology, we resort to the research in psychoanalysis with the psychoanalytical method as elaborated by Figueiredo (2005). We have interviewed three subjects who had committed parricide (killing of the father) and/or matricide (killing of the mother). We have discussed the results using psychoanalytical concepts from the freudo-lacanian and kleinian traditions. Finally, we propose a psychoanalytic diagnostic frame based on the topics of affiliation and the three elements which mark the subject: the trace, the entrance into law by the interdiction of parricide and the sinthome / A psicanálise freudiana fundamenta a constituição da subjetividade humana e da cultura em torno de duas interdições: A Interdição do Incesto e a Interdição do Crime de Parricídio. Esta tese tem como problemática e objetivo discutir a organização psíquica e funcionamento da realidade psíquica em sujeitos que cometeram a passagem ao ato parricida. A metodologia proposta para esta tese foi a pesquisa em psicanálise com o método psicanalítico , tal como elaborado por Figueiredo (2005). Foram entrevistados três sujeitos que cometeram o crime de patricídio (morte do pai) e/ou matricídio (morte da mãe). Os resultados foram dialogados com conceitos psicanalíticos de tradição Freud-lacaniana e Kleiniana. Elaboramos uma proposta de diagnóstico que contempla os relatos discursivos dos entrevistados articulados com a temática da filiação e os três elementos de marcação de um sujeito: o traço; a entrada da lei pela interdição do parricídio e o sinthoma