Entre 40 e 70% das amputações em extremidades inferiores são relacionadas à diabetes, e 85% estão precedidas de ulcera no pé. A transcendência e a gravidade desta complicação permitem considerar que o ensino para a pessoa com diabetes deve ter por finalidade, a incorporação de habilidades que o capacite para o auntocuidado, de forma integrada com a sua escala de valores. Sendo assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo validar a efetividade de um programa de ensino fundamentado na comunicação participativa, com enfoque nos cuidados com os pés, das pessoas com diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Trata-se de um estudo quaseexperimental, desenvolvido em dois grupos, um experimental e outro controle, formados aleatoriamente. No grupo controle, o programa de ensino foi baseado no método tradicional e no grupo experimental na comunicação participativa. As variáveis dependentes foram: hábitos de cuidado, conhecimentos sobre a doença; dados antropométricos e laboratoriais e condições dos pés. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista e exame físico, em três momentos: antes do inicio e no final do programa de ensino e outro após seis meses decorridos ao término da intervenção. Cada grupo foi constituído por 77 participantes, com media de idade de 52 anos, sendo o maioria do sexo feminino (90%), com escolaridade no ensino fundamental incompleto (76,6% grupo experimental e 81,8% grupo controle) e ocupação atividades domésticas (90%). Observose que no grupo experimental 40,3% e no grupo controle 42,9% apresentavam também hipertensão arterial. O teste de Qui-quadrado mostrou que não existiu diferencia significativa entre os grupos com relação a estas características. A comparação dos programas ao largo do tempo, em relação a cada variável, foi realizada pela metodologia de análise multivariada de perfis. Para avaliar o efeito de cada programa (antes e após o curso) e retenção do aprendizado (após o curso e depois de seis meses) utilizaram - se o teste t de Student. Cinco as variáveis (hábitos de cuidados, conhecimentos, resultados de laboratório, interrogatório e exame fisco) apresentam perfis distintos (p<0,001), constatando-se que o programa do ensino baseado na comunicação participativa é melhor do que o de metodologia tradicional. Para a variável somatometría as técnicas de intervenção produzirem efeitos semelhantes. / Between 40 and 70% of lower limb amputations occur from causes related to diabetes and 85% are preceded by an ulcer on the foot. The significance and gravity of this complication might argue that education for the diabetic person is intended to be trained to self-care, integrating it into his value system. For this reason this study was formulated with the aim to validate the effectiveness of a learning program based on participatory communication on foot care for people who suffer from diabetes mellitus of type 2. It is a quasi-experimental study developed into 2 groups, that is an experimental group and a control group consisting of randomly selection. In the control group, the education program was based on the traditional method of education and the experimental group the education program was based on participatory communication. The dependent variables were: care habits, knowledge about the disease, laboratory tests, anthropometric measurements, laboratory results and conditions of the feet. The data were collected through interviews and physical examination, in 3 stages: Before the start of the intervention, at the end of the program and six months after the intervention. Each group was formed by 77 members, with an average age of 52, most of them female (90%) with incomplete elementary education (76.6% experimental group and control group 81.8%), and the predominant occupation was: work from home (90%). For the diagnosis was observed 40.3% of the people in the experimental group and 42.9% of people in the control group, in addition to diabetes they were hypertension. The chi square test showed that there were no significant differences in relation to these features. The comparison of the programs over time, in relation to each variable was done through the method of multivariate analysis of profiles. To evaluate the effect of each program (before and after the course) and the retention of what they have learned (at the end of the course and after 6 months) was used Student\'s t test. Five of the variables (habits of care, knowledge about the disease, laboratory tests, interrogation and physical condition of the feet) had different profiles (p<0,001), noting that the education program based on participatory communication is better than based on the traditional methodology. To the variable \"somatometry\", the two methods produced similar effects. In all of the variables, in both groups, there was a slight decrease in the retention of knowledge after six months.

This study is a policy investigation of community radio broadcasting in Zambia. The emergence of this tier of broadcasting can be traced to the 1990s, following the country's policy of politico-economic liberalisation. The state broadcasting system had hitherto reigned supreme. Based upon a focused synthesis of a range of historical, political, policy, regulatory and other factors, within the context of participatory development communication, this study proposes a normative policy model for community radio broadcasting in Zambia. To begin with, the study focuses on the historical factors that have influenced the development of community radio broadcasting in the country, particularly in the period before and after 1991. This historical analysis establishes the fact that the shape that community radio broadcasting has assumed in Zambia is largely reflective of the state-centric policy-making regime. This policy-making regime is itself a legacy of British colonialism. Next, the study offers a conceptual framework of community radio broadcasting. It analyses several theoretical antecedents upon which the conceptual edifice of community radio broadcasting would seem to be built. In particular, the study explores the contributions of media effects and normative media theories towards the conceptual underpinnings of community radio broadcasting. Furthermore, as an attempt at establishing some empirical referents for developing a community radio broadcasting policy for Zambia, the study delves into a comparative analysis of trends in broadcast policy and regulatory practices throughout the world, with a special focus on Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa and Australia. This comparative policy analysis reveals differentiated levels of sophistication of policy-cum-regulatory models relating to community radio broadcasting. This provides a wealth of chequered experiences for Zambia to learn from. To further substantiate the case for a policy model, the study examines selected community radio initiatives in Zambia. Finally, based upon this focused synthesis, the study proposes a normative policy model for community radio broadcasting in Zambia. The policy proposal, informed by the assumptions of the group and organised anarchy models of policy-making, seeks to promote community radio broadcasting in terms of its vision, regulatory structures, funding, training, facilities, technology, production of local content and research. / Communication Science / D. Litt. et Phil.

Entre 40 e 70% das amputações em extremidades inferiores são relacionadas à diabetes, e 85% estão precedidas de ulcera no pé. A transcendência e a gravidade desta complicação permitem considerar que o ensino para a pessoa com diabetes deve ter por finalidade, a incorporação de habilidades que o capacite para o auntocuidado, de forma integrada com a sua escala de valores. Sendo assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo validar a efetividade de um programa de ensino fundamentado na comunicação participativa, com enfoque nos cuidados com os pés, das pessoas com diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Trata-se de um estudo quaseexperimental, desenvolvido em dois grupos, um experimental e outro controle, formados aleatoriamente. No grupo controle, o programa de ensino foi baseado no método tradicional e no grupo experimental na comunicação participativa. As variáveis dependentes foram: hábitos de cuidado, conhecimentos sobre a doença; dados antropométricos e laboratoriais e condições dos pés. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista e exame físico, em três momentos: antes do inicio e no final do programa de ensino e outro após seis meses decorridos ao término da intervenção. Cada grupo foi constituído por 77 participantes, com media de idade de 52 anos, sendo o maioria do sexo feminino (90%), com escolaridade no ensino fundamental incompleto (76,6% grupo experimental e 81,8% grupo controle) e ocupação atividades domésticas (90%). Observose que no grupo experimental 40,3% e no grupo controle 42,9% apresentavam também hipertensão arterial. O teste de Qui-quadrado mostrou que não existiu diferencia significativa entre os grupos com relação a estas características. A comparação dos programas ao largo do tempo, em relação a cada variável, foi realizada pela metodologia de análise multivariada de perfis. Para avaliar o efeito de cada programa (antes e após o curso) e retenção do aprendizado (após o curso e depois de seis meses) utilizaram - se o teste t de Student. Cinco as variáveis (hábitos de cuidados, conhecimentos, resultados de laboratório, interrogatório e exame fisco) apresentam perfis distintos (p<0,001), constatando-se que o programa do ensino baseado na comunicação participativa é melhor do que o de metodologia tradicional. Para a variável somatometría as técnicas de intervenção produzirem efeitos semelhantes. / Between 40 and 70% of lower limb amputations occur from causes related to diabetes and 85% are preceded by an ulcer on the foot. The significance and gravity of this complication might argue that education for the diabetic person is intended to be trained to self-care, integrating it into his value system. For this reason this study was formulated with the aim to validate the effectiveness of a learning program based on participatory communication on foot care for people who suffer from diabetes mellitus of type 2. It is a quasi-experimental study developed into 2 groups, that is an experimental group and a control group consisting of randomly selection. In the control group, the education program was based on the traditional method of education and the experimental group the education program was based on participatory communication. The dependent variables were: care habits, knowledge about the disease, laboratory tests, anthropometric measurements, laboratory results and conditions of the feet. The data were collected through interviews and physical examination, in 3 stages: Before the start of the intervention, at the end of the program and six months after the intervention. Each group was formed by 77 members, with an average age of 52, most of them female (90%) with incomplete elementary education (76.6% experimental group and control group 81.8%), and the predominant occupation was: work from home (90%). For the diagnosis was observed 40.3% of the people in the experimental group and 42.9% of people in the control group, in addition to diabetes they were hypertension. The chi square test showed that there were no significant differences in relation to these features. The comparison of the programs over time, in relation to each variable was done through the method of multivariate analysis of profiles. To evaluate the effect of each program (before and after the course) and the retention of what they have learned (at the end of the course and after 6 months) was used Student\'s t test. Five of the variables (habits of care, knowledge about the disease, laboratory tests, interrogation and physical condition of the feet) had different profiles (p<0,001), noting that the education program based on participatory communication is better than based on the traditional methodology. To the variable \"somatometry\", the two methods produced similar effects. In all of the variables, in both groups, there was a slight decrease in the retention of knowledge after six months.

South Africa is a heterogeneous society. It is a multilingual, multicultural country with more than eleven official languages. It is a country that also has big educational and economic inequalities. These differences are pertinent barriers that often obstruct communication, also and especially in health communication. This study addresses such a problem, by first exploring the effectiveness and/or appropriateness of existing schizophrenia information material The Alliance Programme which was produced in the USA for universal consumption and is currently used in the South African context. In the study the externally produced schizophrenia information material is adapted to fulfil in the specific needs and preferences of the audience targeted in this study. The study was conducted based on the assumption that people need to access information that is relevant, easy to understand and appropriate to them in order to make informed decisions about their health. This study was conducted at the Weskoppies hospital in Pretoria (South Africa) among Tshwana-speaking patients suffering from schizophrenia. The specific aim of this study was to communicate the information in such a way that this group could use it optimally. Since this empirical study’s main aim was to evaluate and adapt the Alliance Programme to make it more suitable for the South African context, a formative research design was implemented. Usability testing was chosen as the research method. Literature review, individual semi-structured interviews, focus group interviews and participant observation were employed as data collection methods. The data was analysed by means of qualitative content analysis. The findings of this study indicated that the adapted messages or information about schizophrenia did improve the patients’ reception of the information. It was then concluded in this study that messages or information should either be adapted or created to suit the needs of a specific audience. This study also recommended that in order to make sure information (about schizophrenia) is communicated effectively and/or appropriately to any group (of patients suffering from schizophrenia), a participatory communication design should be used. / Dissertation (MIS)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Information Science / unrestricted

This case study provides an analysis on how working women mothers in Brazil articulate themselves in a feminist network born on social media (Maternativa) to generate collective empowerment, raise awareness about oppression and mobilize around work rights. Using qualitative methods such as insider participant observation, interviews and content analysis, it investigates how participatory-related communicative practices and feminism interplay on digital and interpersonal environments fostering dialogue, conscientization and, potentially, a “political turn” in the collective’s agenda. Theoretical underpinnings include Manuel Castells’ network society, participatory communication and Paulo Freire’s theories on oppressed subjects, as well as insights from matricentric and black feminisms. The validity of (feminist) participatory practices for the strengthening of women mothers’ grass-roots movements and its potential applicability to mitigate the limitations of social media are some of the conclusions offered. Despite challenges typical of social movements and a significant “white woman bias”, participation has been able to produce an expanded awareness of the different systems of oppression. As a result, women’s discourse and engagement inside the network has become increasingly political and critical regarding structural power relations in the Brazilian society.

This degree project involves a self-reflective analysis of an Australian Centre forInternational Agricultural Research (ACIAR) funded multimedia series. I produced thework in 2017, about the impact achieved in an agricultural research for developmentproject, working with cattle farmers in Indonesia. The overarching purpose of this study isto examine how I would embed greater participation throughout my filmmaking process ifundertaken again. The work is published online and comprises of five short films whichare accompanied by a series of photographs and text story. I chose to examine apreviously completed project of my own, knowing that it was undertaken with a limitedCommunication for Development (ComDev) perspective that has since been developedthrough my Master’s degree at Malmo University. Through my research, I seek first toidentify what aspects of the previous filmmaking process were participatory; second,investigate if there is a filmmaking process that could be recommended for future use toensure a greater level of participation among people; and third, determine if my donorfundedmultimedia impact stories only serve the public relations outcomes of thedevelopment industry.

The aim of this essay is to investigate how development projects, funded by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, include communication in the project cycle and if it affects their results. The research will take place in Guatemala and will be based on a comparative study in which the program evaluations conducted by the Swedish Embassy, responsible for distributing the funding, will be used to choose two projects: one regarded as successful and the other unsuccessful. By interviewing and conducting surveys with staff members from the embassy, NGO personnel that worked with the project as well as community members affected by the projects, the aim is to get a full picture of the projects themselves as well as the different personal experiences of the projects to allow for a discussion concerning communication for development, participation and governmentally funded development work. The conclusion is that there does not seem to be a defined way in which Sida-funded projects include participatory communication in the project cycle even though it is mentioned and discussed in connection to a project. The comparison of the two local initiatives indicate that defining a method and tools which allows the Embassies to better control and structure in terms of participatory communication are likely to increase the sustainability of the projects.

This study aims at researching how a sustainable culture of peace can be built through civic engagement in the Abkhaz-Georgian post-conflict context. It does so by learning from locally based NGOs, working for a culture of peace in areas affected by the Abkhaz-Georgian armed conflict which occurred 1993 to 1994. The studied NGOs work for different components within a Culture of Peace such as; women’s rights, peace building, social and economic development, democratic participation and human rights. In order to answer the research question following sub questions are answered: •What can we learn from the experiences of the studied organizations’ participatory communication for social change? •How has the culture of communication in the Abkhaz-Georgian post conflict context been affecting the participatory communication for social change for the different organizations?The method to collect data to the research has been through a field study in Abkhazia and outside its border on the Georgian side, in the city Zugdidi which is the closest city to the Abkhazian border. Participatory observations and interviews with representatives from the different organizations working for a culture of peace were conducted during two and a half months. The theoretical framework used for the study consists of three theories. The first is the theory of “Culture of Peace”, used to analyze how the studied NGOs are working for a culture of peace. The second is the theory “participatory communication for social change” which is used to analyze the work of the studied organizations in order to know how they work for sustainable civic engagement. Lastly, the theory used to look at how the Abkhaz-Georgian post-conflict context is affecting the communication, is the theory “culture of communication”. The findings of the research present solutions of how to practice participatory communication to build a culture of peace in a post-conflict context. However, the research also discovers how certain public values and views in a post-conflict context can hinder effective work through participatory communication as well as ways of overcoming these challenges.

Kenya's 2010 Constitution marked a significant shift towards decentralised governance and public participation as key drivers of sustainable development (Finch and Omolo, 2015). One of the primary strategies county governments employ to achieve this goal is participatory budgeting (PB), which empowers communities and devolves power to support inclusive and equitable development. Through the Communication for Development lens, this thesis investigates the discourse surrounding participatory budgeting in Makueni County, Kenya. The study examines the communication approaches the county government applies to promote public participation, explores the role of participatory communication in facilitating public engagement in PB, and assesses the inclusivity of participatory approaches. Additionally, the research delves into the opportunities and challenges of integrating digital tools into participatory communication for PB. This aspect of the study is particularly relevant in today's digital age, where digital communication tools have become an essential aspect of communication. The thesis also considers power dynamics, social context, and the appropriate use of digital tools to foster a participatory and inclusive approach for PB.The data collection methods to dissect the research topic included semi-structured, in-depth interviews with Makueni County officials and a focus group discussion with civil society and community members. The findings of this research reveal Makueni County has public participation approach that enjoys strong government backing and efforts to institutionalise PB within the county devolution governance. The county communication approach blends participatory and top-down strategies, dominated by a monologic, one-way flow of information. However, a participatory aspect is also present, facilitated by traditional community platforms and community mobilisation through media and digital tools. While digital platforms are employed, restricted internet coverage and a digital divide hinder their effectiveness. The findings also identify limited youth and civil society participation in the communication approaches further hinder inclusive participation in the PB processes. Despite these challenges, the study suggests that Makueni County's approach is promising for participatory communication. However, to achieve a truly participatory communication approach, the county government needs to refine its communication approach to enhance inclusivity and leverage digital tools to foster effective public participation. This could cultivate transparent, accountable, and participatory communication strategies, that could yield sustainable and equitable outcomes in the participatory budgeting initiative.

What role can, or do, children’s literature play in development communication? Recently, neotonous childlike curiosity and creativity has become a research and development strategy and a trendy corporate culture for companies like Google. Including children in decision making and in the search for development solutions – PDC & PR4D – is also being advocated by the U.N. and Plan International especially with regards to issues that affect children.This paper will explore how children’s books open spaces for dialogic communication with children by examining how we define them, how we speak about them, how we speak for them, how we speak to them and how they may talk back through children’s texts.The aim is to relate elements of traditional storytelling to modern forms of dialogic communication and, by extension, to development goals: “helping adults understand children’s issues through their lens” (Commissioner for Children, Tasmania).