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1	Analyse des variations spatio-temporelles du zooplancton gélatineux et son effet sur les flux de matières à l'aide d'une approche combinant expérimentation et écologie numérique / Spatio-temporal variability of the gelatinous zooplankton and its link with material fluxes through the combination of experimental and modelling approaches Ramondenc, Simon 24 November 2017 (has links) Le terme plancton désigne l'ensemble des organismes dérivant au grès des courants marins. On distingue le plancton végétal et principalement photosynthétique, "le phytoplancton", du plancton animal hétérotrophe, "le zooplancton". Au cours des dernières décennies, de nombreuses études ont documenté une croissance de l'abondance et de la distribution spatiale du zooplancton gélatineux à travers diverses régions. Même si le terme "gélification" des océans doit être utilisé avec beaucoup de précaution, des régions comme la mer Méditerranée montre une constante augmentation des méduses au cours de ces 40 dernières années. L'espèce Pelagia noctiluca (Forsskål, 1775) est considérée comme étant la méduse la plus abondante du bassin méditerranéen depuis les années 70. Du fait de leur présence massive dans cette région, il est primordial d'évaluer précisément l'impact de P. noctiluca à la fois sur les cycles biogéochimiques et sur la structuration des écosystèmes pélagiques. Pour cela, les deux processus majeurs de transfert de matière dans l'écosystème doivent être étudiés : la séquestration de carbone via la pompe biologique et le transfert de carbon au travers des réseaux trophiques. Cette thèse s'articule autour de trois axes majeurs: (i) réaliser un premier bilan de l'export de carbone organique particulaire (POCtotal) et dissous (DOC) en mer Méditerranée, (ii) construire un modèle écophysiologique de P. noctiluca pour déterminer la contribution de cette méduse à la pompe biologique, et (iii) évaluer le niveau trophique de P. noctiluca et son potentiel impact sur les niveaux trophiques inférieurs. / The term “plankton” refers to all the organisms drifting in the water following the currents. Commonly, the vegetable autotrophic and mainly photosynthetic, “phytoplankton” is distinguished from the heterotrophic and animal “zooplankton”. In the last decades, many studies reported an increase in the abundances and spatial distributions of gelatinous zooplankton in many oceans. Even if the concept of “jellyfication of the oceans” needs to be used with caution, jellyfish populations show an increase in Mediterranean Sea over the last 40 years. The species Pelagia noctiluca (Forsskål, 1775) is considered as the most abundant jellyfish in the Mediterranean basin since the 70s. Due to its massive presence in this area, it is essential to evaluate precisely the impact of P. noctiluca on both biogeochemical cycles and pelagic ecosystem structure. Thus, the contribution of P. noctiluca to the two main factors regulating the biological carbon transfer in the oceans: carbon sequestration via the biological carbon pump and carbon transfer through trophic networks. This manuscript is divided in 3 main sections : (i) providing an initial budget of the particulate (POCtotal) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the Mediterranean sea, (ii) building an ecophysiological model of P. noctiluca to estimate its contribution to the biological carbon pump, and (iii) assessing the trophic level of P. noctiluca and its potential impact on lower trophic levels. Pelagia noctiluca Réseau trophique Pompe biologique Méditerranée Modélisation Carbone Biological carbon pump Pelagia noctiluca Mediterranean Sea 577.7
2	“She said she was called Theodore” : - A modality analysis of five transcendental saints in the 1260’s Legenda Aurea and 1430’s Gilte Legende Atterving, Emmy January 2017 (has links) This thesis explores modalities in two hagiographical collections from the late Middle Ages; the Legenda Aurea and the Gilte Legende by drawing inspiration from post-colonial hybridity theories.. It conducts a close textual analysis by studying the use of pronouns in five saints’ legends where female saints transcend traditional gender identities and become men, and focuses on how they transcend, live as men, and die. The study concludes that the use of pronouns is fluid in the Latin Legenda Aurea, while the Middle English Gilte Legende has more female pronouns and additions to the texts where the female identity of the saints is emphasised. This is interpreted as a sign of the feminisation of religious language in Europe during the late Middle Ages, and viewed parallel with the increase of holy women at that time. By doing this, it underlines the importance of new words and concepts when describing and understanding medieval views on gender. saint saints transvestites transvestism transvestite saint marina marina marinus saint eugenia eugenia eugene saint theodora theodora theodore saint margaret margaret pelagius margaret margaret pelagia pelagius pelagia saint pelagia jacopo de fazio jacobus de voragine jacopo da varazze compiler dominican Golden legend legenda aurea legenda sanctorum gilte legende confessor martyr virgin hagiographies hagiography biography England Middle English sweden monastery monk abbot social experimentation space feminisation of language jesus as mother saint bridget of sweden saint mary holy virgin saint catherine of siena le roman de silences silence caroline walker bynum sanctity transcendence homi bhabha post-colonial postcolonial loomba hybridity hybridity theory gender gender fluidity crossdressing cross-dressing transgender laqueur linguistics modality nuyts medieval late medieval late middle ages middle ages late medieval period History and Archaeology Historia och arkeologi

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“She said she was called Theodore” : - A modality analysis of five transcendental saints in the 1260’s Legenda Aurea and 1430’s Gilte Legende