As individuals are increasingly benefiting from the use of online services, there are growing concerns about the treatment of personal information. Society’s ongoing response to these concerns often gives rise to privacy policies expressed in legislation and regulation. These policies are written in natural language (or legalese) as privacy agreements that users must agree to, or presented as a set of privacy settings and options that users must opt in or out of in order to receive the service they want. But comprehensibility of privacy policies and settings is becoming increasingly challenging as agreements become longer and there are many privacy options to choose from. Additionally, organizations face the challenge of assuring compliance with policies that govern collecting, using, and sharing of personal data. This thesis proposes frameworks for personalized privacy and privacy auditing to address these two problems. In this thesis, we focus our investigation on the comprehensibility issues of personalized privacy using the concrete application domain of personal health data as recorded in systems known as personal health records (PHR). We develop the Privacy Goals and Settings Mediator (PGSM) model, which is based on i* multi-agent modelling techniques, as a way to help users comprehend privacy settings when employing multiple services over a web platform. Additionally, the PGSM model helps privacy experts contribute their privacy knowledge to the users’ privacy decision-making task. To address the privacy auditing problem, we propose two light-weight ontologies, L2TAP and SCIP, that are designed for deployment as Linked Data, an emerging standard for representing and publishing web data. L2TAP (Linked Data Log to Transparency, Accountability and Privacy) provides flexible and extensible provenance-enabled logging of privacy events. SCIP (Simple Contextual Integrity Privacy) provides a simple target for mapping the key concepts of Contextual Integrity and enables SPARQL query-based solutions for two important privacy processes: compliance checking and obligation derivation. This thesis validates the premise of PHR users’ privacy concerns, attitudes and behaviour through an empirical study. The usefulness of the PGSM model for privacy experts is evaluated through interviews with experts. Finally, the scalability and practical benefits of L2TAP+SCIP for log-based privacy auditing are validated experimentally.

The purpose of this project was to compare the financial management habits of Ball State University first-year students and seniors living on campus.A stratified, systematic sample of 100 first-year students and 100 seniors were surveyed during December 2000. Data were collected on 25 variables, 4 describing personal characteristics, and 21 describing personal financial management habits.It was determined that Ball State University first-year students and seniors have similar financial management habits. Statistically significant differences between first-year students and seniors existed on the following variables: having a student loan, knowing when the loan must be repaid, having one or more credit cards, carrying a balance on one or more credit cards, having a savings account, and recording expenditures in a check register.Financial management is an area that Student Affairs practitioners may want to consider investing more time educating students. Current financial management programs may need to be evaluated for their effectiveness. Using current research, new programs may be developed and implemented. / Department of Educational Leadership

Personal trainer is a profession that has grown strongly in recent decades, and has become increasingly common in the labor market within the health sector due to the widespread and growing interest in health and self- improvement. Further more, personal training is a great example of occupations with a close interaction between producer and consumer. The purpose of this study was to examine whether and if so how, personal trainers experience that the relationship with the clients affects their own personal development. This by finding out what impact the profession has had on the personality, what impact the relationship with the clients has affected the leadership, and last what impact the relationship with the clients have had on the personality based on social and mental aspects. Based on the purpose of the study qualitative method was chosen and data was collected with qualitative interviews. The participants consisted of eight personal trainers, six women and two men. The analysis was done using qualitative content analysis and the results showed that the interaction with the clients gave personal trainers personal development through development of leadership and mental as well as social development. The conclusion of the study is that the interaction with the client may affect the personal trainers at different levels, the mental as well as social and development of new qualities, the influence of personality and that this effect can also beapplied in private life. / Personlig tränare är ett yrke som har växt fram starkt under de senaste årtiondena och blivit allt vanligare på arbetsmarknaden inom hälsobranschen. Mycket tack vare det växande intresset för hälsa och självförbättring. Vidare är personlig träning är ett lysande exempel på yrken där det sker en nära interaktion mellan producent och konsument. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka om och i sådana fall hur, personliga tränare upplever att relationen med klienterna påverkar deras egen personliga utveckling. Detta genom att undersöka hur de personliga tränarna upplever att yrkesrollen påverkar personligheten, hur yrkesrollen har påverkat de personliga tränarnas privatliv samt om och i så fall på vilket sätt relationen med klienterna har påverkat den personliga tränaren utifrån sociala och mentala aspekter. Utifrån studiens syfte valdes kvalitativ metod och datainsamlingen genomfördes med kvalitativa intervjuer. Urvalet bestod av åtta personliga tränare, varav sex kvinnor och två män. Analysarbetet skedde med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys och resultatet visade att interaktionen med klienterna gav de personliga tränarna en personlig utveckling genom mental utveckling, utveckling i ledarrollen samt social utveckling. Slutsatsen av studien är att interaktionen med klienten kan påverka personliga tränare på olika plan, det mentala som sociala samt utveckling av nya egenskaper, påverkan av personligheten och att denna påverkan även kan tillämpas i privatlivet.

The effective and efficient management of personal finances is critical for everyone, particularly in a world where uncertainties prevail. Owing to continuous change, new financial challenges frequently confront individuals that culminate ultimately in uncertainties concerning individuals’ financial position and future. Having low levels of debt, an active savings and retirement plan, as well as following an expenditure plan, will lead to financial wellness, which demonstrates an active state of financial wealth. A comprehensive financial plan makes individuals attentive when dealing with financial issues, and acts as a guide when making financial decisions. Owing to insufficient financial literacy and skills, personal financial management is challenging and often results in erroneous financial decisions. Financial knowledge forms the basis for financial skills and competence, which are influenced by personal attitudes in both spending and saving. Therefore, in order to plan effectively, and control and manage financial risks and opportunities in the future, financial skills and abilities are essential. Adequate financial knowledge and skills lead to effective personal financial management and sound financial decisions in the short-term as well as in the long-term. Planning for financial independence should start as early as possible during the financial life cycle, usually at 18 years of age. Students are a rewarding market for financial institutions such as banks, insurance companies, pension funds and brokerage companies, potentially leading the way forward to establish brand-loyalty throughout adulthood. However, the lack of financial management and planning experience, as well as financial literacy and financial skills, make students particularly susceptible to the aggressive marketing tactics of financial institutions, which may be harmful to students’ financial freedom. As such, financial institutions and professionals have to gauge effective ways to convey financial knowledge and product information to a target market to deliver improved financial service as well as understand the relevant consumer behavioural aspects of a target market when developing marketing strategies. Published literature on the South African Generation Y consumer behaviour is limited and none that is focused specifically on attitudes towards personal financial planning, financial literacy and perceived personal financial management skills of the significantly sized black Generation Y cohort. This cohort is defined as individuals born between 1986 and 2005. In South Africa, Generation Y individuals accounted for 38 present of the South African population, with the black Generation Y individuals representing 83 present of this generational cohort. Additionally, the black Generation Y cohort of South Africa account for approximately 32 present of the total population, resulting in a highly salient market segment. Of particular interest to marketers and professionals, including financial institutions and those involved in financial management, especially financial planning, are those individuals attaining tertiary qualifications, and as such they are likely to enjoy higher earnings and a higher social standing, which together is likely to make them opinion leaders and trendsetters amongst their peers. The primary objective of this study was to investigate black Generation Y students’ knowledge of and attitudes towards personal financial management within the South African context. The target population, relevant to this study, was defined as full-time undergraduate black Generation Y students, aged between 18 and 24 years, enrolled at South African registered public higher education institutions (HEIs). From the sampling frame, comprising 23 registered South African public HEIs, one traditional university and one university of technology located in the Gauteng province, were selected using a judgement sampling method. A convenience sample of 400 full-time black Generation Y students, who were enrolled at these two South African HEIs during 2013, was drawn for this study. To conduct this study, a structured format was applied where lecturers of the applicable classes were contacted and permission was requested to carry out the survey. Thereafter, during the scheduled class times of the full-time undergraduate students, hand delivered self-administered questionnaires were distributed for completion, which were collected thereafter. The students’ attitudes towards personal financial planning were measured on a six-point Likert scale, whereby participants were requested to indicate the extent of their agreement/disagreement with items pertaining to personal financial planning. The students’ financial literacy was measured, using multiple-choice questions, whereby the students were asked to choose one of the four alternatives provided. The students’ perceived personal financial management skills were measured on a six-point Likert scale, whereby the participants were requested to indicate the extent of their agreement/disagreement with items pertaining to personal financial management skills. Additionally, certain demographical data were requested from the participants. The findings of this study indicate that South African black Generation Y students exhibit a positive attitude towards personal financial planning, have low levels of financial literacy and perceive themselves as being equipped with having the necessary personal financial management skills. More specifically, students’ attitudes towards estate planning were ranked the highest, whereas attitudes towards the financial planning process were raked the lowest. In terms of financial literacy, students scored the highest in general financial knowledge and the lowest in spending related financial literacy questions. Students’ perceptions towards decision-making skills were rated the highest, whereas stress management skills were rated the lowest. Insights gained from this study will help academics, government, financial institutions and other economic role players understand current black Generation Y consumers’ attitudes towards personal financial planning, their level of financial literacy and their perceived personal financial management skills. / MCom (Business Management), North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2014

Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) phenomenon is important in the healthcare environment because this growing trend is totally changing the workplace landscape in healthcare organizations, such as British Columbia (BC). The organizations need to be proactive and aware of this trend to decide the best way to approach this phenomenon. Currently, there is little current research that exists in Canada in context to provide a distinct understanding of the complexities and difficulties unique to this phenomenon within the nursing practice. In order to develop an understanding of BYOD in healthcare workplace, a perspective was needed of those experiencing the phenomenon of interest. The premise of this research was to explore the BYOD phenomenon from the nursing perspective. This study focused on the experiences, views, and perceptions of nurse executives/managers about how they make decisions regarding use of personal handheld devices in the workplace. A qualitative description was undertaken and the collection of data involved telephone interviews in which participants were asked to reflect on their views and/or experiences regarding BYOD in the workplace. During the literature research process, the researcher discovered that there were similar research studies previously done in the early 2000s that found early healthcare organizational concerns with the use of personal digital assistant devices (PDA) in the clinical setting. In this study, four major themes emerged that provided an insights as to how nurse NEx/M make decisions regarding BYOD. The four major themes included: 1) management perspective, 2) opportunities, 3) disadvantages, and 4) solutions. The results of this study will aid in bringing greater awareness of BYOD to other executives and managers in nursing and should also provide information to the leaders throughout the healthcare organizations and health IT department. / Graduate

Thesis (M.B.A.)--University of North Carolina Wilmington, 2008. / Title from PDF title page (viewed May 27, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 43-48)

Thesis (D. Min.)--New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary, 1997. / Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 168-173).

Publicación a texto completo no autorizada por el autor / Realiza un estudio transeccional y descriptivo-correlacional. Se contrastó la hipótesis: Existe relación entre la percepción hacia la justicia organizacional y la evitación del trabajo en colaboradores del seguro social de salud essalud en lima metropolitana. Se aplicó el Cuestionario de Evitación del trabajo de Littlewood (2009) y Escala de Justicia organizacional de Simons y Roberson (2003); adaptados y validados en el país a la muestra de 208 colaboradores asistenciales y administrativos de la institución. La percepción hacia la justicia organizacional es el proceso cognitivo que los colaboradores forman durante su actividad hacia lo equitativo respecto al trato y procedimientos que determinan las normas y políticas en la organización. La evitación del trabajo describe comportamientos optados que no contribuyen a los objetivos organizacionales: impuntualidad, ausentismo, fingimiento de trabajo, enfermedades y disminución voluntaria del desempeño. Identificar la relación entre dichas variables permite evidenciar el valor de la persona como agente principal para el éxito de la organización como la prevención de conductas contraproducentes para el colaborador y organización requeridas en la implementación de políticas y normas institucionales justas compatibles con los objetivos del milenio. Se acepta la hipótesis al observar una relación significativa inversa de las variables estudiadas en los colaboradores EsSalud en Lima Metropolitana. / Tesis

La presente investigación nace ante la preocupación del posicionamiento del Perú como el primer país con mayor índice de rotación laboral en Latinoamérica. En un inicio, se plantea que la rotación laboral es un efecto natural en las organizaciones; sin embargo, cuando es no deseada, estas son afectadas y, por lo tanto, retrasan sus procesos. Asimismo, en la revisión bibliográfica se encontró que la mayoría de investigadores de este tema plantean que el principal causante de la rotación laboral es el nivel de satisfacción de los trabajadores, mientras que la metodología de Holtom Lee, Mitchell e Inderrieden (2005) utilizada en esta investigación propone que se da por eventos fortuitos, denominados shocks. En base a ello, es de interés de los autores de esta tesis, conocer las causas y las consecuencias, en términos de costos, que implica la rotación laboral no deseada en el nivel operativo de la planta confites de una Empresa Peruana de Consumo Masivo. En esta investigación se aplica una metodología basada en un estudio de caso con enfoque mixto. Para ello, se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a exoperarios que decidieron salir voluntariamente de la EPCM, sus respuestas serán clasificadas en cuatro categorías denominadas paths, los tres primeros son los shocks y el cuarto path es la insatisfacción laboral. Estas respuestas fueron corroboradas con los resultados de las encuestas a los operarios activos de la empresa. Asimismo, en el estudio cualitativo se realizan entrevistas a expertos con el objetivo de cuantificar los costos ocultos relacionados a la rotación laboral no deseada. Los hallazgos develaron que, en su mayoría, las causas de la rotación laboral no deseada están relacionas con shocks, que son eventos fortuitos que la empresa pocas veces puede manejar, mientras que lo que respecta a la insatisfacción laboral, la mayor cantidad de salidas por este motivo se debió a la inconformidad con el salario y al poco reconocimiento laboral percibido. Asimismo, los costos totales por ingresos de enero a octubre del 2016 relacionados a la rotación laboral fueron S/. 489,944.18. Finalmente, se determinó el perfil sociodemográfico del operario más proclive a rotar: género masculino conviviente entre 26 a 35 años, con 3 a 4 hijos, vive en la zona 3, su nivel de especialización es no calificado y tiene antigüedad laboral mayor a 5 años. Por lo mencionado anteriormente, se recomienda a la EPCM mejorar la comunicación con el personal operativo, así como aumentar el salario de manera anual y considerando la evaluación de desempeño. / Tesis

Esta investigación se planteó como propósito describir las variables asociadas al burnout docente, para lo cual se establecieron tres objetivos: describir la presencia de burnout en los participantes; comparar los percentiles de burnout según las variables de estudio (sexo, edad, estado civil, hijos, formación profesional, nivel socioeconómico, región, años de experiencia, número de alumnos a cargo, horas de jornada laboral, locus de control y clima laboral); e identificar un modelo de regresión de burnout. Participaron 253 docentes de instituciones educativas de administración pública de 15 regiones del Perú, a quienes se les aplicó cuestionarios para obtener información sobre datos sociodemográficos y para la Evaluación del Síndrome de estar Quemado por el Trabajo – CESQT (Gil-Monte, 2011), así como, las escalas de locus de control de Rotter (Brenlla & Vásquez, 2010) y de clima laboral (Palma, 2004). Los resultados señalaron un nivel general de burnout medio con presencia de sentimientos de culpa. Las diferencias más significativas en los percentiles de burnout se dieron según el locus de control, la región y la percepción del clima laboral. El locus de control externo y el clima laboral desfavorable fueron las variables significativas en el modelo de regresión total. Adicional a las dos anteriores, los años de experiencia y el número de alumnos a cargo también fueron variables significativas en los docentes con más alto burnout. En contraste, en los docentes con más bajo burnout, sólo la variable de horas laborales fue significativa y negativa. / The main purpose for this research was to describe variables associated to teachers’ burnout, for which three objectives were established: To describe the presence of burnout in participants; to compare the percentiles of burnout according to the study variables (sex, age, marital status, presence of children, professional background, socioeconomic status, region, experience in teaching, number of students in charge, working hours, locus of control and working environment); and to identify a regression model of burnout. Participants were 253 public high school teachers from 15 regions of Peru who were assessed with questionnaires of demographic data and burnout syndrome (CESQT for its initials in Spanish; Gil-Monte, 2011), as well as, Rotter’s locus of control scale (Brenlla & Vásquez, 2010) and work environment scale (Palma, 2004). The results showed an overall medium level of burnout with presence of guilt feelings. Most significant differences in burnout percentiles were given by the locus of control, the region and the perception of the work environment. An external locus of control and an unfavorable perception of the work environment were significant variables in the total regression model. Beside, years of experience and number of students in charge were also significant variables for teachers with higher levels of burnout. In the other hand, working hours showed to be the only significant and negative variable in teachers with lower levels of burnout. / Tesis