Yes / Location-based advertising is an entrepreneurial and innovative means for advertisers to reach out through personalised messages sent directly to mobile phones using their geographic location. The mobile phone users' willingness to disclose their location and other personal information is essential for the successful implementation of mobile location-based advertising (MLBA). Despite the potential enhancement of the user experience through such personalisation and the improved interaction with the marketer, there is an increasing tension between that personalisation and mobile users' concerns about privacy. While the privacy calculus theory (PCT) suggests that consumers make privacy-based decisions by evaluating the benefits any information may bring against the risk of its disclosure, this study examines the specific risks and benefits that influence consumers' acceptance of MLBA. A conceptual model is proposed based on the existing literature and a standardised survey was developed and targeted at individuals with known interests in the subject matter. From these requests, 252 valid responses were received and used to evaluate the key benefits and risks of MLBA from the users' perspectives. While the results confirmed the importance of internet privacy concerns (IPC) as an important determinant, they also indicate that monetary rewards and intrusiveness have a notably stronger impact on acceptance intentions towards MLBA. Intrusiveness is the most important risk factor in determining mobile users' intentions to accept MLBA and therefore establishing effective means of minimising the perceived intrusiveness of MLBA can be expected to have the greatest impact on achieving effective communications with mobile phone users.

Moderne Fahrzeuginformationssysteme ermöglichen es dem Fahrer, während der Fahrt auf eine Vielzahl an geographischen Informationen wie Sonderziele zuzugreifen. Die Auswahl einer Option aus solch umfangreichen Angeboten während der Fahrt kann jedoch zu einem erheblichen Sicherheitsrisiko werden, welches eine Unterstützung des Fahrers bei der Optionsauswahl erforderlich macht. Eine vielversprechende Möglichkeit der Unterstützung liegt im Anbieten von Assistenzsystemen zur personalisierten Sonderzielauswahl. Ziel der hier vorliegenden Dissertation ist die Optimierung der Akzeptanz solcher Assistenzsysteme im fahrzeugspezifischen Nutzungskontext. Hierzu wurde in einer qualitativen Studie zunächst der Nutzungskontext untersucht. Aufbauend auf den Ergebnissen und der Taxonomie für Assistenzsysteme nach Wandke (2005) wurden drei Assistenzarten mit verschiedenen Assistenzgraden identifiziert, die potentiell für die personalisierte Optionsauswahl im Fahrzeug in Frage kommen (adaptierbare Filterassistenz, adaptive Filterassistenz, adaptive Delegationsassistenz). In zwei Szenariobefragungen konnte mit Hilfe des UbiTAM nach Rothensee (2010) aufgezeigt werden, dass alle drei Assistenzarten positiv bewertet wurden. Innerhalb dieser positiven Bewertungen wurden höhere Assistenzgrade signifikant besser bewertet. Basierend auf den Erkenntnissen wurden die Assistenzarten prototypisch realisiert und in zwei Fahrsimulationsstudien hinsichtlich ihrer Auswirkung auf die Fahrleistung und die Güte der Aufgabenbearbeitung untersucht. In den Studien konnten die Ergebnisse zur Akzeptanzbeurteilung bestätigt werden. Zusätzlich wurde deutlich, dass die adaptiven Assistenzarten das höchste Maß an Unterstützung in der Nebenaufgabe boten. Gleichzeitig zeigten sie auch die geringste Auswirkung auf die Fahrleistung. Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit legen für die Gestaltung von Auswahlassistenzsystemen im Fahrzeug nahe, eine Kombination aus adaptiven Filter- und Delegationsassistenzen anzustreben. / Modern vehicle information systems allow the driver to access a variety of geographical information, like points-of-interest, whilst driving. However, selecting an option from an extensive list of options, whilst driving, can pose a significant safety hazard. Thus, it becomes essential to support the driver in this selection process. A promising solution lies in supplying an assistance system that includes a personalised points-of-interest selection. The purpose of this doctoral thesis is to optimise the acceptance of those assistance systems. Firstly, a qualitative study was carried out to examine the context of use. The results were analysed using the taxonomy for assistance systems developed by Wandke (2005). This identified three suitable types of option selection assistance systems, with varying levels of support; adaptable filter assistance, adaptive filter assistance, adaptive delegation assistance. Secondly, the assistance systems were analysed by means of scenario surveys based on the UbiTAM, by Rothensee (2010). The results showed that all three assistance systems were rated positive. Within these positive ratings, those systems offering higher levels of support received significantly better ratings. Based on the findings all three assistance systems were implemented as prototypes. The prototypes were evaluated in two driving simulator studies, in order to assess their effects on both the driving performance and the quality of task processing. The simulator studies verified the results uncovered by the scenario surveys. Additionally, it became clear that adaptive assistance systems provided drivers with the most support during the fulfilment of secondary tasks. Finally, they showed that driving performance was only slightly affected by the use of the adaptive assistance systems. In terms of the development of assistance systems, the results of this thesis suggest that a combination of adaptive filter and delegation assistance should be implemented.

The mother-child relationship is the first basic relationship with which any human being is confronted. The temperaments of mother and child play an important role in this relationship. The aim of this study is to explore the perception of mothers with regards to temperaments. This study uses a qualitative approach, which is explorative and descriptive, to gain insight into the influence of temperaments in the mother-child relationship. Seven mothers were selected by purposeful sampling to participate in the group work as research process. Group work progresses through the following three phases: awareness, exploration and personalisation. Naive sketches were used to determine the perception of the mothers during the awareness and personalisation phases. A focus group interview was utilised in the exploration phase. Finding showed that the mother-child relationship plays an important role in the optimal development of the child and his or her mother. This study confirmed the importance of understanding temperaments in the mother-child relationship. / Educational Studies / M. Ed. (Specialisation in Guidance & Counseling)

Elections to the European Parliament are characterised by a steady decline in voter turnout. To tackle this problem, in 2014, several groups of the European Parliament nominated pan-European Spitzenkandidaten who were expected to personalise the elections and mobilise European voters. Based on this development, this study analyses the media cov-erage of the 2014 EP elections with special focus on the role of the Spitzenkandidaten. A quantitative content analysis of European election campaign coverage in the opinion leading newspapers of three influential EU member states, Ger-many, France, and the United Kingdom was carried out. The results show large candidate- and country-specific differ-ences regarding the visibility and thematic coverage of the EP elections in general as well as the presentation of the Spitzenkandidaten. The Spitzenkandidaten were not very visible in either the German, French, or British newspaper cov-erage. With respect to the presence and media personalisation of the Spitzenkandidaten, the newspaper coverage of the EP election does not demonstrate any mobilising effect and thus does not reflect the high expectations the European Parliament attributed to the nomination of the Spitzenkandidaten.

Les politiques de confidentialité définissent comment les services en ligne collectent, utilisent et partagent les données des utilisateurs. Bien qu’étant le principal moyen pour informer les usagers de l’utilisation de leurs données privées, les politiques de confidentialité sont en général ignorées par ces derniers. Pour cause, les utilisateurs les trouvent trop longues et trop vagues, elles utilisent un vocabulaire souvent difficile et n’ont pas de format standard. Les politiques de confidentialité confrontent également les utilisateurs à un dilemme : celui d’accepter obligatoirement tout le contenu en vue d’utiliser le service ou refuser le contenu sous peine de ne pas y avoir accès. Aucune autre option n’est accordée à l’utilisateur. Les données collectées des utilisateurs permettent aux services en ligne de leur fournir un service, mais aussi de les exploiter à des fins économiques (publicités ciblées, revente, etc). Selon diverses études, permettre aux utilisateurs de bénéficier de cette économie de la vie privée pourrait restaurer leur confiance et faciliter une continuité des échanges sur Internet. Dans ce mémoire, nous proposons un modèle de politique de confidentialité, inspiré du P3P (une recommandation du W3C, World Wide Web Consortium), en élargissant ses fonctionnalités et en réduisant sa complexité. Ce modèle suit un format bien défini permettant aux utilisateurs et aux services en ligne de définir leurs préférences et besoins. Les utilisateurs ont la possibilité de décider de l’usage spécifique et des conditions de partage de chacune de leurs données privées. Une phase de négociation permettra une analyse des besoins du service en ligne et des préférences de l’utilisateur afin d’établir un contrat de confidentialité. La valeur des données personnelles est un aspect important de notre étude. Alors que les compagnies disposent de moyens leur permettant d’évaluer cette valeur, nous appliquons dans ce mémoire, une méthode hiérarchique multicritères. Cette méthode va permettre également à chaque utilisateur de donner une valeur à ses données personnelles en fonction de l’importance qu’il y accorde. Dans ce modèle, nous intégrons également une autorité de régulation en charge de mener les négociations entre utilisateurs et services en ligne, et de générer des recommandations aux usagers en fonction de leur profil et des tendances. / Privacy policies define the way online services collect, use and share users’ data. Although they are the main channel through which users are informed about the use of their private data, privacy policies are generally ignored by them. This is due to their long and vague content, their difficult vocabulary and their no standard format. Privacy policies also confront users to a dilemma. Indeed, they must agree to all their content in order to use the service or reject it, and in this case they do not have access to the service. No other alternative is given to the user. Online services process data collected from users to provide them a service, but they also exploit those data for economic purposes (targeted advertising, resale, etc.). According to various studies, allowing users to benefit from the use of their data could restore their trust towards online services and facilitate data exchanges on the Internet. In this work, we propose a new model of privacy policy, inspired by the P3P (a World Wide Web Consortium - W3C Recommendation) but increasing its functionalities and reducing its complexity. This model defines a specific structure allowing users and online services to define their preferences and needs. Users have the opportunity to decide for each of their private data, specifying how it will be used and shared. A negotiation phase will allow a needs analysis of the online service and preferences of the user to establish a confidentiality agreement. The value of personal data is also an important aspect of our study. While companies have resources allowing them to rate this value, we apply in this thesis, a hierarchical multi-criteria method. This method will allow each user to give value to his personal data according to the importance he attaches to it. In this model, we also integrate a regulation authority. It is in charge of conducting negotiations between users and online services, and generate recommendations to users based on their profile and current trends.

Ce travail de thèse s'inscrit dans le cadre du projet < personnalisation des environnements informatiques pour l'apprentissage humain (EIAH) > financé par la Région Rhône-Alpes. La personnalisation des EIAH est essentiellement dépendante de la capacité à produire des traces pertinentes et exploitables des activités des apprenants interagissant avec un EIAH. Dans ce domaine, l'exploitation des traces relève explicitement plusieurs problématiques allant de sa représentation de manière normalisée et intelligible à son traitement et interprétation en temps différé ou en temps réel au moment même de l'apprentissage. La multiplication des pratiques et des usages des traces requiert des outils génériques pour soutenir leurs exploitations. L'objectif de cette thèse est de définir les fondements théoriques de tels outils génériques permettant l'exploitation des traces d'interaction. Ceci nous a amené à définir la notion de Systèmes à Base de Trace modélisées : une classe de systèmes à base de connaissances facilitant le raisonnement et l'exploitation des traces modélisées. L'approche théorique proposée pour construire de tels systèmes s'articule autour de deux contributions : (1) La définition d'un cadre conceptuel définissant les concepts, l'architecture et les services mobilisés par les SBT. (2) La définition d'un cadre formel pour les systèmes à base de traces modélisées. Plus précisément, la proposition d'un langage pour l'interrogation et la transformation de trace modélisées à base de règles permettant des évaluations ponctuelles et continues. La sémantique formelle de ce langage est définie sous forme d'une théorie des modèles et d'une théorie de point fixe, deux formalismes habituellement utilisés pour décrire la sémantique formelle des langages de représentation de connaissances / This thesis is funded by the Rhône-Alpes Region as a part of the project < Personalisation of Technology-Enhanced Learning (TEL) Systems >. Personalising TEL Systems is, above all, dependent on the capacity to produce relevant and exploitable traces of individual or collaborative learning activities. In this field, exploiting interaction traces addresses several problems ranging from its representation in a normalised and intelligible manner to its processing and interpretation in continuous way during the ongoing TEL activities. The proliferation of trace-based exploitations raises the need of generic tools to support their representation and exploitation. The main objective of this thesis is to define the theoretical foundations of such generic tools. To do that, we define the notion of Trace-Based System (TBS) as a kind of Knowledge-based system whose main source of knowledge is a set of trace of user-system interactions. This thesis investigates practical and theoretical issues related to TBS, covering the spectrum from concepts, services and architecture involved by such TBS (conceptual framework) to language design over declarative semantics (formal framework). The central topic of our framework is the development of a high-level trace transformation language supporting deductive rules as an abstraction and reasoning mechanism for traces. The declarative semantics for such language is defined by a (Tarski-style) model theory with accompanying fixpoint theory

Στη παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία, πραγματοποιείται μία ποιοτική επισκόπηση του όρου Σημαντικός Ιστός και των τεχνολογιών αναπαράστασης γνώσης και συμπερασμού που υπόκεινται σε αυτόν, όπως οντολογίες, μέθοδοι και εργαλεία ανάπτυξης οντολογιών, γλώσσες αναπαράστασης οντολογιών καθώς και η επέκταση της εκφραστικότητας των οντολογιών με την προσθήκη κανόνων. Επίσης, γίνεται εκτενής αναφορά σε μία άλλη εξελικτική τάση, που κυριαρχεί στο χώρο του Web, το Web 2.0. Στα πλαίσια του Web 2.0, αναλύονται έννοιες όπως mashups και Web APIs. Ειδικά για την έννοια των Web APIs, γίνεται αναφορά και ανάλυση συγκεκριμένων APIs, όπως αυτά της Amazon και του EBay. Οι έννοιες του Σημαντικού Ιστού και του Web 2.0 παρουσιάζονται πολλές φόρες ως ανταγωνιστικές για το μέλλον του Ιστού. Εντούτοις, γίνεται σαφές όλο και περισσότερο ότι οι δύο αυτές έννοιες είναι συμπληρωματικές. Στα πλαίσια της διπλωματικής εργασίας, αναπτύχθηκε μια εφαρμογή η οποία θα συνδυάζει αυτές τις δύο κυρίαρχες τεχνολογικές τάσεις. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, η εφαρμογή αποτελεί ένα πλαίσιο αναζήτησης βιβλίων από το Amazon και το Half eBay με χαρακτήρα εξατομίκευσης. Για την εφαρμογή, κάθε χρήστης αποτελεί μία αυτόνομη οντότητα. Συνεπώς, το περιεχόμενο της εφαρμογής προσαρμόζεται ανάλογα με το προφίλ του χρήστη κάθε φορά. Η υλοποίηση της εφαρμογής στηρίζεται αποκλειστικά στην ανάπτυξη οντολογιών, στη συγγραφή κανόνων (για την εξατομίκευση), στη δημιουργία ενός mashup και στα Web APIs. Τέλος, να σημειωθεί ότι η εφαρμογή στηρίζεται σε μία κατανεμημένη αρχιτεκτονική 3-επιπέδων. / In the present diploma thesis, one qualitative review is realised for the concepts of Semantic Web and of technologies of representation of knowledge and reasoning that being in this, such as ontologies, methods and tools for ontology development, representation languages of ontologies as well as the extension of expressiveness of ontologies with the addition of rules. Also, it becomes an extensive report in an other evolutionary tendency, that dominates in the space of Web, Web 2.0. In the scope of Web 2.0, concepts such as mashups and Web APIs are analyzed. Specifically for the concept of Web APIs, we make a report and an analysis of concrete APIs, as those of Amazon and EBay. The concepts of Semantic Web and Web 2.0 are presented a lot of times as competitive for the future of Web. Nevertheless, it becomes more and more obvious that these two concepts are complemental. In the scope of these diploma thesis, was developed an application which combines these two dominant technological tendencies. In particular, the application constitutes a framework of searching books from Amazon and Half eBay with a personalised character. For the application, each user constitutes an autonomous entity. Consequently, the content of application is adapted depending on the profile of user each time. The implementation of application is supported exclusively in the ontology development, in the writing of rules (for the personalisation), in the creation of a mashup and in Web APIs. Finally, it is marked that the application is supported in a distributed 3-tier architecture.

The mother-child relationship is the first basic relationship with which any human being is confronted. The temperaments of mother and child play an important role in this relationship. The aim of this study is to explore the perception of mothers with regards to temperaments. This study uses a qualitative approach, which is explorative and descriptive, to gain insight into the influence of temperaments in the mother-child relationship. Seven mothers were selected by purposeful sampling to participate in the group work as research process. Group work progresses through the following three phases: awareness, exploration and personalisation. Naive sketches were used to determine the perception of the mothers during the awareness and personalisation phases. A focus group interview was utilised in the exploration phase. Finding showed that the mother-child relationship plays an important role in the optimal development of the child and his or her mother. This study confirmed the importance of understanding temperaments in the mother-child relationship. / Educational Studies / M. Ed. (Specialisation in Guidance & Counseling)

Elections to the European Parliament are characterised by a steady decline in voter turnout. To tackle this problem, in 2014, several groups of the European Parliament nominated pan-European Spitzenkandidaten who were expected to personalise the elections and mobilise European voters. Based on this development, this study analyses the media cov-erage of the 2014 EP elections with special focus on the role of the Spitzenkandidaten. A quantitative content analysis of European election campaign coverage in the opinion leading newspapers of three influential EU member states, Ger-many, France, and the United Kingdom was carried out. The results show large candidate- and country-specific differ-ences regarding the visibility and thematic coverage of the EP elections in general as well as the presentation of the Spitzenkandidaten. The Spitzenkandidaten were not very visible in either the German, French, or British newspaper cov-erage. With respect to the presence and media personalisation of the Spitzenkandidaten, the newspaper coverage of the EP election does not demonstrate any mobilising effect and thus does not reflect the high expectations the European Parliament attributed to the nomination of the Spitzenkandidaten.

The aim of this Master's thesis called "Personalisation of Polish political parties after 2005" is to examine the process of personalisation among selected Polish political parties between the parliamentary elections in 2005 and the parliamentary elections in 2015, and to determine whether personalisation of Polish political parties increased after 2005. The thesis is based around the most well-known theories of personalisation of politics and a number of assumptions articulated by Polish experts on the subject. Personalisation is examined predominantly at an institutional level. The theoretical part presents different approaches to research the phenomenon, and defines three main concepts: personalisation, presidentialisation, and celebritisation. Several important personalised projects carried out in Poland between 1989 and 2005 are also described. The empirical part of the thesis analyses the level and development of personalisation within and outside the selected Polish political parties. This thesis does not strive to extend the theoretical concepts of personalisation of politics; instead, it aims to enrich the research of Polish politics after 2005.