Orientador: Dulce Helena Siqueira Silva / Banca: Ian Castro Gamboa / Banca: Fernanda Rodrigues Garcez / Resumo: A espécie Garcinia xanthochymus, comumente conhecida como Gamboja, é uma árvore nativa da Índia com aproximadamente 8-10 metros, utilizada extensamente na medicina popular como antidiarréica. Este trabalho descreve o estudo químico e biológico das folhas e frutos de G. xanthochymus. Dentre as substâncias isoladas, podemos destacar 3 triterpenos obtidos do extrato hexânico das folhas: friedelina (1), lanosta-8,24-dien-3-ol (2) e lanosta-7,24-dien-3-ol (3), sendo as substâncias 2 e 3 relatadas pela primeira vez na literatura da espécie. A prospecção química da fase acetato de etila das folhas revelou uma abundante presença de biflavonóides, sendo as substâncias saharanflavona (4), I3, II8-biapigenina (5), GB1a (6), (+)-morelloflavona (8), GB2a (11), volkensiflavona (12), GB2 (14), xantochimusídeo (15) e fukugisídeo (16), caracterizadas pela ligação interflavonoídica do tipo 38'', e as substâncias podocarpusflavona (7) e amentoflavona (9), pela ligação do tipo 3'8''. Merece destaque a substância 4, isolada pela primeira vez de fontes naturais. A composição química de G. xanthochymus constituiu-se ainda das substâncias diidrokaempferol (10), ácido vanílico (13), cinco derivados de ácidos fenilpropanoídicos: ácido 3-O-cafeoilquínico (17), ácido 5-O-cafeoilquínico (18), ácido 3-p-coumaroilquínico (21), ácido 4-O-cafeoilquínico (22) e ácido 4-p-coumaroilquínico (23); e ainda a mistura binária das benzofenonas xantochimol (19) e cicloxantochimol (20). Todas as substâncias foram relatadas pela primeira vez nas folhas de G. xanthochymus, com exceção da substância 7 e as substâncias 10, 13, 17, 18, 21, 22 e 23 ainda não haviam sido identificadas na espécie. Através da técnica CG-DIC foram identificados 15 triterpenos e/ou esteróides nos extratos de baixa polaridade e através das técnicas hifenadas, como CLAE-UV e CLAE-EM, foi ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The species Garcinia xanthochymus, known as Gamboja is a native Indian tree ca. 8-10 m high, which is extensively used as folk medicine for treating diarrhea and dysentery. This work describes the study of the chemical profile of G. xanthochymus leaves and fruits. Among the isolated substances three triterpenes were obtained from the hexane extract of the leaves: friedelin (1), lanosta-8,24-dien-3-ol (2) e lanosta-7,24-dien-3-ol (3), with compounds (2) and (3) described for the first time in the literature of this species. The chemical prospection of the ethyl acetate extract of the leaves revealed an abundant amount of biflavonoids, with compounds saharanflavone (4), I3,II8-biapigenin (5), GB1a (6), (+)-morelloflavone (8), GB2a (11), volkensiflavone (12), GB2 (14), xanthochymuside (15) and fukugiside (16) characterized by the interflavonoid 38" bond, and compounds podocarpusflavone (7) and amentoflavone (9), by the interflavonoid 3'8'' bond. Substance 4 was isolated for the first time from a natural source. The chemical composition of G. xanthochymus included additionally dihydrokaempferol (10), vanillic acid (13), and five phenylpropanoid acid derivatives: 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (17), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (18), 3-p-coumaroylquinic acid (21), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (22) and 4-p-coumaroylquinic acid (23); as well a binary mixture of xanthochymol (19) and cycle-xanthochymol (20) benzophenones. All the compounds were reported for the first time in the leaves of G. xanthochymus, with the exception of compound 7, and compounds 10, 13, 17, 18, 21, 22 e 23, which had not yet been identified in this species. By CG-FID technique fifteen triterpenes and/or steroids were identified in the low polarity extracts. Hyphenated techniques such as HPLC-UV and HPLC-MS were used to locate previously isolated compounds from different fractions and/or isolated substances from other works... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-04-09Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:58:36Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandes_dc_me_araiq.pdf: 9558332 bytes, checksum: c58bd085bd26f441ab4f37dc7311835b (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / A espécie Garcinia xanthochymus, comumente conhecida como Gamboja, é uma árvore nativa da Índia com aproximadamente 8-10 metros, utilizada extensamente na medicina popular como antidiarréica. Este trabalho descreve o estudo químico e biológico das folhas e frutos de G. xanthochymus. Dentre as substâncias isoladas, podemos destacar 3 triterpenos obtidos do extrato hexânico das folhas: friedelina (1), lanosta-8,24-dien-3-ol (2) e lanosta-7,24-dien-3-ol (3), sendo as substâncias 2 e 3 relatadas pela primeira vez na literatura da espécie. A prospecção química da fase acetato de etila das folhas revelou uma abundante presença de biflavonóides, sendo as substâncias saharanflavona (4), I3, II8-biapigenina (5), GB1a (6), (+)-morelloflavona (8), GB2a (11), volkensiflavona (12), GB2 (14), xantochimusídeo (15) e fukugisídeo (16), caracterizadas pela ligação interflavonoídica do tipo 38’’, e as substâncias podocarpusflavona (7) e amentoflavona (9), pela ligação do tipo 3’8’’. Merece destaque a substância 4, isolada pela primeira vez de fontes naturais. A composição química de G. xanthochymus constituiu-se ainda das substâncias diidrokaempferol (10), ácido vanílico (13), cinco derivados de ácidos fenilpropanoídicos: ácido 3-O-cafeoilquínico (17), ácido 5-O-cafeoilquínico (18), ácido 3-p-coumaroilquínico (21), ácido 4-O-cafeoilquínico (22) e ácido 4-p-coumaroilquínico (23); e ainda a mistura binária das benzofenonas xantochimol (19) e cicloxantochimol (20). Todas as substâncias foram relatadas pela primeira vez nas folhas de G. xanthochymus, com exceção da substância 7 e as substâncias 10, 13, 17, 18, 21, 22 e 23 ainda não haviam sido identificadas na espécie. Através da técnica CG-DIC foram identificados 15 triterpenos e/ou esteróides nos extratos de baixa polaridade e através das técnicas hifenadas, como CLAE-UV e CLAE-EM, foi... / The species Garcinia xanthochymus, known as Gamboja is a native Indian tree ca. 8-10 m high, which is extensively used as folk medicine for treating diarrhea and dysentery. This work describes the study of the chemical profile of G. xanthochymus leaves and fruits. Among the isolated substances three triterpenes were obtained from the hexane extract of the leaves: friedelin (1), lanosta-8,24-dien-3-ol (2) e lanosta-7,24-dien-3-ol (3), with compounds (2) and (3) described for the first time in the literature of this species. The chemical prospection of the ethyl acetate extract of the leaves revealed an abundant amount of biflavonoids, with compounds saharanflavone (4), I3,II8-biapigenin (5), GB1a (6), (+)-morelloflavone (8), GB2a (11), volkensiflavone (12), GB2 (14), xanthochymuside (15) and fukugiside (16) characterized by the interflavonoid 38” bond, and compounds podocarpusflavone (7) and amentoflavone (9), by the interflavonoid 3’8’’ bond. Substance 4 was isolated for the first time from a natural source. The chemical composition of G. xanthochymus included additionally dihydrokaempferol (10), vanillic acid (13), and five phenylpropanoid acid derivatives: 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (17), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (18), 3-p-coumaroylquinic acid (21), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (22) and 4-p-coumaroylquinic acid (23); as well a binary mixture of xanthochymol (19) and cycle-xanthochymol (20) benzophenones. All the compounds were reported for the first time in the leaves of G. xanthochymus, with the exception of compound 7, and compounds 10, 13, 17, 18, 21, 22 e 23, which had not yet been identified in this species. By CG-FID technique fifteen triterpenes and/or steroids were identified in the low polarity extracts. Hyphenated techniques such as HPLC-UV and HPLC-MS were used to locate previously isolated compounds from different fractions and/or isolated substances from other works... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

No presente trabalho, espécimes de Mikania cordifolia coletados em Ribeirão Preto, São Carlos, Campos do Jordão e Monte Verde são analisados comparativamente por métodos cromatográficos (CG e CLAE) para a pesquisa de triterpenóides, lactonas sesquiterpênicas e flavonóides. Todos os espécimes de M. cordifolia analisados apresentaram os triterpenóides -Amirina, -Amirina, Lupeol, Lupenona, Taraxasterol, Pseudotaraxasterol, Acetato de -Amirina, Acetato de -Amirina, Acetato de Lupeol, Acetato de Taraxasterol, Campesterol, Estigmasterol e -Sitosterol, as lactonas sesquiterpênicas 14-hidroxi-15[2-hidroximetilacriloiloxi]-germacra-1(10)E,4Z-11(13)-trien-12,8-olídeo, 14-hidroxi-15[2-hidroxi,2-metilpropanoiloxi]-germacra-1(10)E,4Z-11(13)-trien-12,8-olídeo e 14-hidroxi-15[2,3-epoxi,2-metilpropanoiloxi]-germacra-1(10)E,4Z-11(13)-trien-12,8-olídeo, os flavónóides Quercetina-3-O--galactosídeo e Rhamnazina e o ácido 3,4-diidroxi-benzóico. Apenas os espécimes de Ribeirão Preto e São Carlos apresentaram Friedelina. O extrato aquoso de M. cordifolia foi avaliado para atividade antiofídica, mostrando-se efetivo na diminuição do edema de pata de camundongo induzido por veneno de Bothrops moojeni. / In the present work, specimens of Mikania cordifolia collected at Ribeirão Preto, São Carlos, Campos do Jordão and Monte Verde were analyzed comparatively for triterpenoids, sesquiterpene lactones and flavonoids by chromatographic methods (GC and HPLC). All M. cordifolia specimens analyzed showed the triterpenoids -Amyrin, - Amyrin, Lupeol, Lupenone, Taraxasterol, Pseudotaraxasterol, -Amyrin Acetate, - Amyrin Acetate, Lupeol Acetate, Taraxasterol Acetate, Campesterol, Stigmasterol e -Sitosterol, the sesquiterpene lactones 14-hydroxy-15[2 -hydroxymethylacryloyloxygermacra- 1(10)E,4Z-11(13)-trien-12,8 -olide, 14-hydroxy-15[2 -hydroxy,2 - methylpropanoyloxy]-germacra-1(10)E,4Z-11(13)-trien-12,8 -olide e 14-hydroxy- 15[2 ,3 -epoxy,2 -methylpropanoyloxy]-germacra-1(10)E,4Z-11(13)-trien-12,8 -olide, the flavonoids Quercetin-3-O- -galactoside and Rhamnazyn and the compound 3,4- dihydroxy-benzoic acid. Only specimens collected at Ribeirão Preto and São Carlos showed Friedelin. The aqueous extract of M. cordifolia was evaluated for antiofidic activity and was found effective in reducing mice paw edema induced by venom of Bothrops moojeni

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-22T22:02:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao - Loretta Carvalho.pdf: 5178043 bytes, checksum: 1cf81d7992561f0b9b701f5344a3a91b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-16 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The family Rutaceae presents a great diversity of secondary metabolites with potential biological and/or pharmaceutical, which has attracted interest in the studies of its species. Although the Amazon possess a great diversity of species belonging to this family, there are few studies involving the identification of their secondary metabolites. To contribute to the knowledge of the chemical profile of the family in the region, was selected for this study Zanthoxyllum djalma-batistae (Albuq.) P.G. Waterman and Spathelia excelsa (Krause) R.S. Cowan & Brizicky species. Thus, were collected branches of Z. djalma-batistae and foliar rachis of S. excelsa of individuals occurring in the Ducke Reserve for phytochemical studies. The branches methanolic extract of Z. djalma-batista was submitted to a partition, resulting in 4 organic phases. The hexane and dichloromethane phases, after successive fractioning gave the isolation of the mixture of the triterpenes lupeol and epilupeol. The methanolic extract of the foliar rachis of S. excelsa was fractionated on a column of silica gel yielding 56 fractions. The fraction 43 was subjected to further fractionation in columns of silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 resulting in the isolation of limonoids perforatine and limonine diosphenol, in addition to chromone identified as biflorin. The fractionation of the CH2Cl2 extract was performed on a column of silica gel, resulting in 43 fractions and the fraction 40 with solid was purified in acetone the glabretal triterpene type 3β-angeloyl-21,24-epoxy-7α, 21α,23α,25-tetrahydroxy-4α,4β,8β,10β-tetramethyl-25-dimethyl-14,18-cyclo-5α,13α,14α17α-cholestane. Also the essential oil was obtained for hydrodistillation of the foliar rachis of S. excelsa and on the basis of the analyses for GC/MS were identified 13 volatile components (sesquiterpenes), predominating caryophyllene-epoxide (20.54%), β-bisabolene (9.87%), 1,10-di-epi-cubenol (7.51%) and γ-cadinene (4.68%). / A família Rutaceae apresenta uma grande diversidade de metabólitos secundários, com potencial biológico e/ou farmacêutico, o que tem despertado interesse nos estudos de suas espécies. Apesar da Amazônia possuir uma grande diversidade de espécies pertencentes a esta família, existem poucos trabalhos envolvendo a identificação de seus metabólitos secundários. Visando contribuir para o conhecimento do perfil químico da família na região, selecionou-se para este estudo as espécies Zanthoxyllum djalma-batistae (Albuq.) P.G. Waterman e Spathelia excelsa (Krause) R.S. Cowan & Brizicky. Assim, coletaram-se galhos de Z. djalma-batistae e ráquis foliares de S. excelsa de indivíduos ocorrentes na Reserva Ducke, para estudos fitoquímicos. O extrato metanólico dos galhos de Z. djalma-batistae foi submetido a uma partição, originando 4 fases orgânicas. As fases em hexano e diclorometano, após sucessivos fracionamentos cromatográficos forneceram a mistura dos triterpenos lupeol e epilupeol. O extrato metanólico dos ráquis foliares de S. excelsa foi fracionado em coluna de sílica gel fornecendo 56 frações. A fração 43 foi submetida a novos fracionamentos em colunas de sílica gel e Sephadex LH-20 resultando no isolamento dos limonóides perforatina e limonina diosfenol, além da cromona identificada como biflorina. O fracionamento do extrato em CH2Cl2 dos ráquis foliares foi efetuado em coluna de sílica gel, resultando em 43 frações e da fração 40, contendo sólido, foi purificado em acetona o triterpeno do tipo glabretal 3β-angeloil-21,24-epóxi 7α,21α,23α,25-tetra-hidróxi-4α,4β,8β,10β-tetrametil-25-dimetil-14,18-ciclo-5α,13α,4α,17α-colestano. Também foi obtido óleo essencial, por hidrodestilação dos ráquis foliares de S. excelsa e com base nas análises por CG/EM identificaram-se 13 componentes voláteis (sesquiterpenos), predominando o epóxi-cariofileno (20,54%), β-bisaboleno (9,87%), 1,10-di-epi-cubenol (7,51%) e γ-cadineno (4,68%).

La présente étude a été menée dans le but de documenter les connaissances concernant l'utilisation traditionnelle de plantes médicinales par la minorité ethnique K'Ho qui réside au parc national BiDoup-Núi Bà, province de Lâm Đồng, au Vietnam. Une enquête ethnobotanique a été réalisée de 2013 à 2015 sur 139 habitants de trois villages, dont 12 informateurs référents compétents en plantes médicinales et 127 informateurs non spécialistes. À partir de 133 plantes médicinales obtenues à l’issue de l’enquête, deux plantes ont été choisies pour des travaux de recherche. Medinilla septentrionalis (Melastomataceae) est utilisé pour la toux et la diarrhée dans l’ethnie K'Ho. Le criblage phytochimique préliminaire a été réalisé sur 16 extraits bruts obtenus à partir des pousses, tiges, feuilles et des parties aériennes avec différents solvants. Leurs bioactivités ont également été évaluées. L’alpha-amyrine a été isolée à partir de l’extrait dichlorométhane de la tige. Quatre composés: vescalagine, castalagine, méthylvescalagine et l'acide protocatéchique, ont été identifiés à partir de l'extrait méthanolique des tiges.Dacrycarpus imbricatus (Podocarpaceae) est utilisé traditionnelle pour traiter la diarrhée, la toux et les démangeaisons. Seize extraits bruts provenant du bois, de l'écorce, des feuilles et des parties aériennes avec différents solvants ont été soumis à des études phytochimiques et pharmacologiques préliminaires. L’extrait aqueux du bois a été sélectionné pour un fractionnement bioguidé, permettant l’isolement du 3-O--D-Glucopyranosyl--sitosterol. Deux alcaloïdes: la sanjoinine A et à la scutianine C, ont été isolés à partir des parties aériennes par RNM. / The present study was conducted to document the traditional knowledge of medicinal plants used by K’Ho people who reside at BiDoup-Núi Bà National Park, Lâm Đồng Province, Vietnam. An ethnobotanical survey from 2013 to 2015 was carried out with 139 local people from three K’Ho villages, including 12 key informants who are knowledgeable in medicinal plants and 127 non-specialist informants. From 133 medicinal plants obtained through the survey, two potential plants were chosen for further studies. Medinilla septentrionalis (Melastomataceae) is traditionally used for cough and diarrhea. The preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out on 16 crude extracts obtained from sprout, stem, leaves and aerial parts of the plant with different solvents. At the same time, their bioactivities were also evaluated. Dichloromethane extract of stem and methanol extract of sprout exhibiting anti-inflammatory activity were chosen for bioguided fractionation. Alpha-amyrin was isolated from dichloromethane extract of stem. Four compounds, including vescalagin, castalagin, methylvescalagin and protocatechoic acid, were purified from methanol extract of sprout.Dacrycarpus imbricatus (Podocarpaceae) is used for the treatment of diarrhea, cough and itching by local people. Sixteen crude extracts obtained from wood, bark, leaves and aerial parts with different solvents were subjected to preliminary phytochemical and pharmacological studies. Aqueous extract of wood was chosen for the next bioguided fractionation, from which 3-O--D-Glucopyranosyl--sitosterol was isolated. Moreover, two alkaloids obtained from the aerial parts were identified as sanjoinine A and scutianine C.

Submitted by Rosana Amâncio (rosana.amancio@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-07-27T12:46:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ANA EMILIA FORMIGA MARQUES-DISSERTAÇÃO PPGCNBio 2016..pdf: 2835398 bytes, checksum: a8f067a8cdbaaf34bcd0fd842ae3c37c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-27T12:46:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANA EMILIA FORMIGA MARQUES-DISSERTAÇÃO PPGCNBio 2016..pdf: 2835398 bytes, checksum: a8f067a8cdbaaf34bcd0fd842ae3c37c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-04 / CNPq / A fitoquímica se dedica à caracterização estrutural, avaliação de propriedades e investigações biossintéticas de substâncias naturais produzidas pelo metabolismo secundário de organismos vivos. Dessa forma, a fitoquímica contribui para a divulgação e geração de novos conhecimentos, colaborando com a manutenção da saúde e a cura de doenças. A família Malvaceae apresenta grande importância econômica, destacando-se na alimentação do homem e de outros animais, na indústria têxtil, na produção de óleos e fibras, na madeireira, como ornamental e na medicina. Nesse trabalho objetivou-se contribuir com o estudo fitoquímico e farmacológico de Sida santaremnensis, uma espécie da família Malvaceae, a partir do isolamento, purificação e determinação estrutural de constituintes químicos dessa planta, bem como pela avaliação da atividade antiinflamatória e antitumoral do constituinte isolado de forma majoritária. Através dos métodos cromatográficos usuais foram obtidos dois flavonoides de Sida santaremnensis: canferol e canferol 3-O-β-D-glicosil-6’’-α-L-ramnosídeo, ambas as moléculas com atividades biológicas comprovadas na literatura, sendo a primeira inédita na espécie. A identificação estrutural dessas substâncias foi realizada utilizando-se o método espectroscópico de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear de Hidrogênio e de Carbono 13 e comparações com dados da literatura. A avaliação imunofarmacológica desenvolvida com o canferol 3-O-β-D-glicosil-6’’-α-L-ramnosídeo revelou que este apresenta possível ação anti-inflamatória e essa ação não relacionada com a morte celular. Enquanto a avaliação da atividade antitumoral demonstrou que este flavonoide glicosilado não apresenta atividade contra leucemia promielocítica humana. / The phytochemical is dedicated to the structural characterization, evaluation of properties and biosynthetic investigations of natural substances produced by the secondary metabolism of living organisms, which contributes to the dissemination and generation of new knowledge. The Malvaceae family has great economic importance, highlighting in the feed of man and other animals, textile industry, in the production of oils and fiber, in the timber, such as ornamental and medicine. This work aimed to contribute to the phytochemical and pharmacological study of Sida santaremnensis, a species of Malvaceae family, from the isolation, purification and structure determination of chemical constituents of this plant, as well as the evaluation of the immunomodulatory activity and antitumor isolated constituent a majority manner. Through usual chromatographic methods were obtained two flavonoid in Sida santaremnensis: kaempferol and kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glycosyl-6‖-α-L-rhamnoside, both molecules with biological activity evidenced in the literature, the first unprecedented in species. The structural identification of these compounds was carried out using the spectroscopic method of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Hydrogen and Carbon 13 and comparisons with literature data. The evaluation immunopharmacological developed with kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glycosyl-6 ''-α-L-rhamnoside showed that this presents potential anti-inflammatory action and that is unrelated to the cell death activity. While the evaluation of the antitumor activity demonstrated that this glycosylated flavonoid does not have activity against human promyelocytic leukemia.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2017-07-10T11:47:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2865190 bytes, checksum: 1a2f9dae95ddf13af596313f40bdc2e2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T11:47:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2865190 bytes, checksum: 1a2f9dae95ddf13af596313f40bdc2e2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The Xylopia Gender, xylopiae tribe's, has approximately 160 recorded species, being approximately 32 located in Brazil. One of the most common species is the Xylopia langsdorffiana and comes being study target since 2002 by the Graduate Program in Natural Products and Synthetic Bioactive (PGPNSB) of the Federal University of Paraíba-UFPB. This species is known as "Pimenteira da terra" and this kind already se reported several chemical compounds of various classes, like alkaloids terpenoids, feoforbídeo and glycosylated flavonoid. These secondary metabolites stand out by your cytotoxic activities, molluscicide, hypotensive and spasmolytic smooth tracheal muscle. Were made chromatographic analysis in ethanol extract of Xylopia langsdorffiana roots and later analyzes in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) H1 and C13 with one- and two-dimensional techniques (COSY, HMQC and HMBC), and then we correlated with data obtained from literature, we obtained a mix of oxoaporfinics alkalois - Lanuginosina and Oxoglaucina, the isolation of protoberberinic alkaloid -Xylopinina and other aporfinic alkaloid - Laurotetanina / O gênero Xylopia, da tribo xylopiae, possui aproximadamente 160 espécies registradas, sendo aproximadamente 32 localizadas no Brasil. Uma das espécies mais comuns é a Xylopia langsdorffiana e vem sendo alvo de estudo desde 2002 pelo Programa de Pós Graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos (PGPNSB) da Universidade Federal da Paraíba-UFPB. É conhecida como pimenteira da terra e dessa espécie já se relataram diversos compostos químicos de classes variadas, como alcaloides, terpenóides, feoforbídeo e flavonoides glicosilados. Estes metabólitos secundários destacam-se por suas atividades citotóxicas, moluscida, hipotensora e espasmolítica de músculo liso de traquéia. Foram feitas análises cromatográficas do extrato etanólico das raízes de Xylopia langsdorffiana e posteriormente análises de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear (RMN) de H1 e de C13 com técnicas uni e bidimensionais (COSY, HMQC e HMBC), que quando correlacionados com dados obtidos da literatura, nos permitiram chegar a um mistura de alcaloides oxoaporfínicos-Lanuginosina e Oxoglaucina, o isolamento de um alcaloide protoberberínico-Xylopinina e outro alcaloide aporfínico-Laurotetanina.

Submitted by JÚLIO HEBER SILVA (julioheber@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-11-21T16:18:26Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - José Henrique Faleiro - 2017.pdf: 5571418 bytes, checksum: f2f7b51d7be2c4a4b3934960f30f3bea (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-11-22T10:15:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - José Henrique Faleiro - 2017.pdf: 5571418 bytes, checksum: f2f7b51d7be2c4a4b3934960f30f3bea (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-22T10:15:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - José Henrique Faleiro - 2017.pdf: 5571418 bytes, checksum: f2f7b51d7be2c4a4b3934960f30f3bea (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / CHEMICAL STUDY OF Eugenia dysenterica DC. (MYRTACEAE) IN ASSOCIATION TO LEAF-CUTTING ANTS Atta laevigata CONTROL AND ALELOPATIC EFECT – The study described in this work contributed to the chemical and biological knowledge of species E. dysenterica, found especially in Cerrado and popularly known as “cagaita”. Species of Eugenia are also used in folk medicine for various diseases and biological activities have been reported for E. dysenterica such as, antiviral, fungicidal, cytotoxicity, among others activities. This work describes the isolation and structural identification of seven secondary metabolites presente in the ethanolic extract of flowers of E. dysenterica, as well as the biological evaluation of the ethanolic extracts of flowers, leaves, stems and seeds against leaf-cutting ants A. laevigata and evaluation of allelopathic effect. The study of flowers was carried out using chromatographic technics and the isolated compounds were identified by 1D and 2D NMR experiments. The chemical investigation of flowers extract, first time investigated, led to identified the compounds ethyl gallate, gallic acid, kaempferol, quercetin, myricetin, (-)- epicatechin and juglanin. The ethanolic extracts of E. dysenterica and the fractions obtained from the flower extract didn’t show significant results in the ingestion tests against the workers A. laevigata. The allelopathic assays performed with the crude ethanolic extracts of leaves, flowers, stems and seeds provided satisfactory results. The flowers and leaves extracts (2 mg/mL) showed the highest inhibition values, allowing the germination of less than 5% of seeds evaluated. / ESTUDO QUÍMICO DE Eugenia dysenterica DC. (MYRTACEAE) EM ASSOCIAÇÃO AO CONTROLE DE FORMIGAS CORTADEIRAS Atta laevigata E EFEITO ALELOPÁTICO – O estudo descrito neste trabalho contribui para o conhecimento químico e biológico da espécie E. dysenterica, encontrada especialmente em região de Cerrado e conhecida popularmente como “cagaita”. Espécies do gênero Eugenia são utilizadas na medicina popular para o tratamento de diversas doenças e E. dysenterica possui relatos de atividade antiviral, fungicida, citotóxica, entre outras. Este trabalho descreve o isolamento e identificação estrutural de sete metabólitos secundários presentes no extrato etanólico das flores de E. dysenterica, assim como a avaliação biológica dos extratos etanólicos das flores, folhas, galhos e sementes frente a formigas cortadeiras da espécie A. laevigata e avaliação do efeito alelopático. O estudo das flores foi realizado utilizando diferentes técnicas cromatográficas e os compostos isolados foram identificados por experimentos uni e bidimensionais de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear de 1H e 13C. A investigação química do extrato das flores, realizada pela primeira vez, levou a identificação dos compostos ácido gálico, galato de etila, quercetina, miricetina, kaempferol, (-)-epicatequina e a juglanina. Os extratos etanólicos de E. dysenterica e as frações obtidas do extrato das flores, não apresentaram resultados significativos nos ensaios por ingestão frente às operárias A. laevigata. Já os ensaios alelopáticos realizados com os extratos etanólicos brutos das folhas, flores, galhos e sementes forneceram resultados satisfatórios, sendo que os extratos das flores e folhas (2 mg/mL) apresentaram os maiores valores de inibição, permitindo a germinação de menos de 5% das sementes avaliadas.

No presente trabalho, espécimes de Mikania cordifolia coletados em Ribeirão Preto, São Carlos, Campos do Jordão e Monte Verde são analisados comparativamente por métodos cromatográficos (CG e CLAE) para a pesquisa de triterpenóides, lactonas sesquiterpênicas e flavonóides. Todos os espécimes de M. cordifolia analisados apresentaram os triterpenóides -Amirina, -Amirina, Lupeol, Lupenona, Taraxasterol, Pseudotaraxasterol, Acetato de -Amirina, Acetato de -Amirina, Acetato de Lupeol, Acetato de Taraxasterol, Campesterol, Estigmasterol e -Sitosterol, as lactonas sesquiterpênicas 14-hidroxi-15[2-hidroximetilacriloiloxi]-germacra-1(10)E,4Z-11(13)-trien-12,8-olídeo, 14-hidroxi-15[2-hidroxi,2-metilpropanoiloxi]-germacra-1(10)E,4Z-11(13)-trien-12,8-olídeo e 14-hidroxi-15[2,3-epoxi,2-metilpropanoiloxi]-germacra-1(10)E,4Z-11(13)-trien-12,8-olídeo, os flavónóides Quercetina-3-O--galactosídeo e Rhamnazina e o ácido 3,4-diidroxi-benzóico. Apenas os espécimes de Ribeirão Preto e São Carlos apresentaram Friedelina. O extrato aquoso de M. cordifolia foi avaliado para atividade antiofídica, mostrando-se efetivo na diminuição do edema de pata de camundongo induzido por veneno de Bothrops moojeni. / In the present work, specimens of Mikania cordifolia collected at Ribeirão Preto, São Carlos, Campos do Jordão and Monte Verde were analyzed comparatively for triterpenoids, sesquiterpene lactones and flavonoids by chromatographic methods (GC and HPLC). All M. cordifolia specimens analyzed showed the triterpenoids -Amyrin, - Amyrin, Lupeol, Lupenone, Taraxasterol, Pseudotaraxasterol, -Amyrin Acetate, - Amyrin Acetate, Lupeol Acetate, Taraxasterol Acetate, Campesterol, Stigmasterol e -Sitosterol, the sesquiterpene lactones 14-hydroxy-15[2 -hydroxymethylacryloyloxygermacra- 1(10)E,4Z-11(13)-trien-12,8 -olide, 14-hydroxy-15[2 -hydroxy,2 - methylpropanoyloxy]-germacra-1(10)E,4Z-11(13)-trien-12,8 -olide e 14-hydroxy- 15[2 ,3 -epoxy,2 -methylpropanoyloxy]-germacra-1(10)E,4Z-11(13)-trien-12,8 -olide, the flavonoids Quercetin-3-O- -galactoside and Rhamnazyn and the compound 3,4- dihydroxy-benzoic acid. Only specimens collected at Ribeirão Preto and São Carlos showed Friedelin. The aqueous extract of M. cordifolia was evaluated for antiofidic activity and was found effective in reducing mice paw edema induced by venom of Bothrops moojeni

La diversité moléculaire des huiles essentielles obtenues à partir des racines d'A. longa est répartie essentiellement en sesquiterpènes oxygénés (50,2 - 81,1%) suivie de monoterpènes oxygénés (5,9 - 28,0%), sesquiterpènes hydrocarbonés (0,7 - 18,4%) et monoterpènes hydrocarbonés (0,0 - 0,8%). Mais, l'huile essentielle des parties aériennes est caractérisé par le pin-2-en-8-ol (29,0 - 17,7%) et le 8-acetoxy-pin-2-ene (15,0 - 25,6%). L'ensemble des acides gras identifiés dans les différents organes d'A. longa et de Bryonia dioïca ont été classés en acide gras polyinsaturés (A.G.P.I) variant de 20,1 à 45,4%, en acide gras mono insaturés variant de 10,1 à 41,2%, et en acide gras saturés (A.G.S) variant de 26,7 à 52,2%. Les valeurs pour les deux paramètres (A.G.P.I)/(A.G.S) et (ω-6)/(ω-3) dans les parties aériennes des deux espèces sont de même ordre de grandeur que d'autres espèces comestibles. Par conséquent, les parties aériennes des deux espèces peuvent être considérées comme une source importante et saine d' (ω-6) et (ω-3). L'activité antibactérienne et antifongique des huiles essentielles a été évaluée qualitativement par la méthode de diffusion de disque sur les différentes souches Gram(+), Gram(-) et un champignon (C. albicans). On constate que les souches de Gram(+) sont plus sensibles aux différentes huiles que les souches de Gram(-) et le champignon. Le pouvoir antibactérien des fractions lipidiques d'A. longa et de B. dioïca a été évalué qualitativement quantitativement par la détermination des concentrations minimales inhibitrices (CMI) et des concentrations minimales bactéricides (CMB). Dans la présente étude les résultats des CMI et des CMB montrent que les souches de bactéries testées présentent une sensibilité distincte aux différentes fractions lipidiques. De plus, l'activité antioxydante des extraits a été estimée en appliquant un plan d'expériences de type Plackett-Burman. Les résultats trouvés ont conduit au classement des antioxydants testés par ordre décroissant d'activité, indépendamment de la concentration initiale des radicaux libres en milieu tamponné : l'acide férulique est plus actif que l'extrait de B. dioica, ce dernier est plus puissant que l'extrait d'A. longa / Composition of essential oil is known to depend on intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Experiments were conducted to study the variation in the essential oil composition of Aristolochia longa (Aristolacheae) harvested at different period (August, 2009; September, 2011; March, 2012; and April, 2013). The essential oil composition was assessed by GC–FID and GC–MS analyses. Hence, oxygenated sesquiterpenes (50.2–81.1%) and oxygenated monoterpenes (5.9–28.0%) are the major chemical groups. The antimicrobial properties of essential oils were evaluated against six microorganisms by the disc diffusion method. Increasingly, the essential oil isolated from roots collected in September (2011), exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus agalactiae (G+) and Enterococcus faecium (G+). The composition of the fatty acids of the roots and aerial parts of A. longa and Bryonia dioïca (Cucurbutaceae) was analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. The oils extracted from the aerial parts of both species were rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids with the essential linolenic and linoleic acids being the most prominent compounds. Oleic and linoleic acids were the majors fatty acids in the roots of both species. The antibacterial activity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the lipid extracts were determined against a panel of five bacterial strains. The antibacterial activity of the root lipid extracts was particularly important against Enterococcus feacium (G+) (CMI value of 125 μg/mL; CMB values > 250 μg/mL) and Streptococcus agalactiae (G+) (CMI value of 125 μg/mL; CMB values 250 μg/mL for A. longa roots). These results indicate that A. longa and B. dioïca could be considered as good sources of essential fatty acids which can act as natural antibacterial agents. An experimental design is an experimental set-up to simultaneously evaluate several factors at given numbers of levels in a predefined number of experiments, and also to provide maximum chemical information by analysing chemical data. So, Plackett–Burman (PB) experimental was used to appreciate the stability of DPPH and to estimate antioxidant activity of ferulic acid and the plant extracts. Hence, to increase DPPH absorbance at 190μM the buffer type, pH medium, solvent type and reaction time should be maintained at its lower level while buffer concentration, temperature, buffer ratio should be kept at its high level. While, to increase DPPH absorbance at 50 μM is obtained with buffer acetate, lower temperature and short reaction time. Further, the radical scavenging activity of the plant extracts and ferulic acid as a pure compound is examined in the selected conditions by PB design