This research aims to relate the modern Swedish curriculum development to the political discourses liberalization and European integration through a critical discourse analysis of the Swedish curriculum Gy2011. These political discourses constitute the cultural context of Gy2011, which according to critical discourse theory is synonymous with the terms social sphere or praxis. The term cultural context includes the environment in which the text has been created as well as its intertextuality – in this case its relations to earlier curricula. The analysis of Gy2011 exhumes scientific research done in the field of curriculum studies, which enables future research. The Gy2011 analysis shows that the political discourses liberalization and European integration stands out within the texts cultural context, and have done so for more than 70 years, a fact that is illustrated by an overview of Swedish curricula history. This research also illuminates how the liberalization discourse accelerated during the 1980’s, by both social democrats and the political right, and that the European integration process has gained momentum in recent years.

Tracing the construction of gender neoliberalism in the United Kingdom with the context of austerity measures and increased social divisions stemming from the European Union referendum, this research analyses the way political discourses act to legitimize gender neoliberalism as the hegemonic rationality in the Conservative Party. Undertaking a comparative case study approach, this study aims to examine the evolution of neoliberal rationality in political discourses between the two female Prime Ministers of the country, namely, Margaret Thatcher and Theresa May. It seeks to add to the body of literature on right-wing politics and gender, through the theoretical framework of intersectionality to consider the implications of the rhetoric on intersecting forms of oppression, specifically, of gender and socioeconomic status. This aim will be achieved through the research question of: How is (implicitly and explicitly) gendered and classist neoliberal rationality promoted and legitimized in the political discourses of Margaret Thatcher and Theresa May? Additional sub-research questions will guide the research in terms of its comparative approach and consider the prominence of neoliberal feminism in the discourses as well. This analysis will be conducted through a corpus of speeches, articles, and interviews by the two politicians in their first year and a half in office. The research employs a feminist critical discourse analysis to understand the way ideology and power in discourses maintain gendered social hierarchies. The analysis found a relatively stagnant evolution of gender neoliberalism between the leaders, where deeply gendered and classist discourses continued to be legitimised but through a different neoliberal focus.

Este trabalho analisa a configuração de formas discursivas no Rio de Janeiro à época da Independência do Brasil (1820-1822). Ao direcionar as atenções para a imprensa periódica e panfletária desse período, pretende-se investigar o processo de temporalização de discursos políticos e suas implicações na relação entre as experiências do tempo histórico e a consecução da mudança política. Para tanto, a dissertação volta-se para o estudo de conceitos, linguagens, metáforas e expressões conformadoras de uma tessitura linguística na qual o tempo histórico era o eixo de performances discursivas atuantes no processo de Independência. Assim, a partir dos elementos em questão, defende-se a tese de que a temporalização dos discursos políticos se articula, bem como se retroalimenta de uma nova dinâmica histórica, na qual, entre fins do século XVIII e início do século XIX, um espaço de experiência revolucionário moderno vinha sendo formado. / This work analyses the configuration of discourses in Rio de Janeiro at the time of the independence of Brazil. By focusing on the periodical press as well as on leaflets published during that period, the research studies the process of temporalization of political discourses and its implication to the relationship between historical time and the dynamics of political change. In order to do so, this dissertation focuses on the study of concepts, languages, metaphors, and expressions that shaped linguistic constructions in which the historical time consisted of the axis of discursive performances interfering in the process of independence. Taking these issues into consideration, this works hypothesizes that the temporalization of political discourses articulated as well as fed itself in a new historical dynamic spanning from the late 18th century and early 19th century, when a revolutionary modern space of experience was being formed.

In this thesis I analyze semi-structured interviews I conducted with fifteen young French and American business students and professionals in order to uncover cultural models relating to work, while paying particular attention to the acceptance or rejection of neoliberal ideas. To contextualize the analysis, I first review the history of neoliberal ideology along with its arrival and political and institutional influence in both countries. In the U.S., the neoliberal transition was rapid and dramatic under the Reagan administration, which constitutes a critical institutional juncture and a shift in the dominant paradigm of governance. In France, in contrast, neoliberal policies have been implemented reluctantly and incrementally, suggesting traditional French values relating to the state and its role in regulating the economy remain largely intact. In line with these historical patterns, the Americans I spoke to primarily conceptualize work as a commodity, accepting the definition of work as defined in the market; while the French interviewees conceptualize work as personal fulfillment and occupational citizenship, emphasizing the human and psychological essence of work and the need for moral regulation of the market economy, perceived as immoral and anarchic. Overall, the Americans much more readily accepted neoliberal ideas and policy directives and towards which the French were far less welcoming. In particular, I argue that the traditional role of the French state as responsible for the wellbeing of its citizens presents a major obstacle to neoliberal ideology, historically on an institutional level as well as in the minds of the French interviewees.

Submitted by Valquíria Barbieri (kikibarbi@hotmail.com) on 2017-06-09T21:32:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Rosineide Maria da Conceição.pdf: 1996699 bytes, checksum: b695bc159db12ef115e1fd95ea0e1052 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2017-06-10T16:37:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Rosineide Maria da Conceição.pdf: 1996699 bytes, checksum: b695bc159db12ef115e1fd95ea0e1052 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-10T16:37:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Rosineide Maria da Conceição.pdf: 1996699 bytes, checksum: b695bc159db12ef115e1fd95ea0e1052 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-30 / Este estudo foi desenvolvido no âmbito do Programa de Mestrado em Estudos de Linguagem, na Linha de Pesquisa “Práticas textuais e discursivas: múltiplas abordagens”. Buscou desenredar o(s) discurso(s) que permearam a campanha a prefeito de Cuiabá em 2012, tal como fora veiculada no Horário Gratuito de Propaganda Eleitoral pela televisão aberta (doravante HGPE/TV), no segundo turno, disputado por Mauro Mendes, filiado ao Partido Socialista Brasileiro (PSB) e Ludio Cabral, filiado ao Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT). Teve por objetivo: apreender as relações interdiscursivas que permearam as propagandas do HGPE/TV; compreender como as propagandas políticas se construíram como cenas de enunciação (cena englobante, cena genérica e cenografia); compreender de que modo o ethos do enunciador participa da construção da cenografia; discutir especificidades do debate político no HGPE/TV. Tais objetivos não esgotaram as possibilidades de estudo que tal objeto oferecia, mas é o que se apresentava como passível de realização no momento. Foi uma pesquisa arquivista, com a diferença de que se pôde observar o arquivo em se fazendo, uma vez que se acompanhou, dia a dia, o que o HGPE/TV levava ao ar para a população cuiabana, em meio a que estavam os eleitores que poderiam fazer um ou outro candidato vitorioso. O estudo foi balizado pela Análise de Discurso (AD) da vertente francesa, utilizando os seguintes conceitos: interdiscurso, polêmica, cenas de enunciação (cena englobante, cena genérica e cenografia) e ethos. Os conceitos explorados na dissertação foram tratados, principalmente, na companhia de Dominique Maingueneau, um analista de discurso da escola francesa que tem mostrado a fecundidade desse paradigma interpretativo na leitura de qualquer tipo de enunciado, incluindo os enunciados multimodais como são os enunciados do HGPE/TV. A análise mostrou a polêmica em torno do “alinhamento”, um argumento de campanha reivindicado pelo candidato do PT e rebatido pelo do PSB, bem como em torno da “competência administrativa”, reivindicado pelo candidato do PSB e rebatido pelo do PT. / This study was conducted within the scope of the Master Program in Language Studies, in the Research Line “Textual and discursive practices: multiple approaches”. It sought to disentangle the discourse(s) which permeated the campaign for mayor of Cuiabá in 2012, as it is made public in the Free-time Political Propaganda on television (hereinafter HGPE/TV), in the second round, disputed by Mauro Mendes, affiliated to the Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB) and Ludio Cabral, affiliated to the Workers’ Party (PT). It aimed to: apprehend the interdiscursive relationships which permeated the HGPE/TV advertisements; understand how the political advertisements were crafted as enunciation scenes (enclosing scene, generic scene and scenography); understand how the ethos of the enunciator participates in the construction of the scenography; discuss specificities of the political debate in the HGPE/TV. Such objectives have not exhausted the possibilities of study that this object offered, but it is what was presented as achievable at the time. It was an archival research, with the difference that it was possible to observe the file in the making, by following day by day what was being broadcast by the HGPE/TV to the population of Cuiabá, among those the electors that could make one or the other winning candidate. The study was marked by the Discourse Analysis (DA) of the French strand, using the following concepts: interdiscourse, polemic, enunciation scenes (enclosing scene, generic scene and scenography) and ethos. The concepts explored in the dissertation were addressed mainly in the company of Dominique Maingueneau, a discourse analyst of the French school that has shown the fruitfulness of this interpretative paradigm in the reading of any type of statements, including multimodal statements as are the utterances of the HGPE/TV. The analysis showed the controversy around the “alignment”, an argument of campaign claimed by the PT candidate and rebutted by that of the PSB, as well as in relation to “administrative competence”, claimed by the PSB candidate and rebutted by the PT candidate.

Este trabalho analisa a configuração de formas discursivas no Rio de Janeiro à época da Independência do Brasil (1820-1822). Ao direcionar as atenções para a imprensa periódica e panfletária desse período, pretende-se investigar o processo de temporalização de discursos políticos e suas implicações na relação entre as experiências do tempo histórico e a consecução da mudança política. Para tanto, a dissertação volta-se para o estudo de conceitos, linguagens, metáforas e expressões conformadoras de uma tessitura linguística na qual o tempo histórico era o eixo de performances discursivas atuantes no processo de Independência. Assim, a partir dos elementos em questão, defende-se a tese de que a temporalização dos discursos políticos se articula, bem como se retroalimenta de uma nova dinâmica histórica, na qual, entre fins do século XVIII e início do século XIX, um espaço de experiência revolucionário moderno vinha sendo formado. / This work analyses the configuration of discourses in Rio de Janeiro at the time of the independence of Brazil. By focusing on the periodical press as well as on leaflets published during that period, the research studies the process of temporalization of political discourses and its implication to the relationship between historical time and the dynamics of political change. In order to do so, this dissertation focuses on the study of concepts, languages, metaphors, and expressions that shaped linguistic constructions in which the historical time consisted of the axis of discursive performances interfering in the process of independence. Taking these issues into consideration, this works hypothesizes that the temporalization of political discourses articulated as well as fed itself in a new historical dynamic spanning from the late 18th century and early 19th century, when a revolutionary modern space of experience was being formed.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:34:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adilson Ferreira dos Santos.pdf: 578342 bytes, checksum: 8298d899f90998b06147b4ede38c9996 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-10 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / This work is intended to identify the constitution of ethos of the Federal Senate of Brazil through the rhetoric analysis of two texts regarding to the cassation process of the Senator Renan Calheiros. The first text, published in Folha On Line on December 04th, 2007, reproduces, in the totality, the discourse of the Senator Renan Calheiros, pronounced in the Federal Senate tribune, as a manner of defense to the accusations done by his colleagues, who were in opposition to his moral behavior and, in the same way, in opposition to his parliamentary behavior. The second one, published in the O Estado de São Paulo newspaper, on December 09th, 2007, is a statement of the Senator Jefferson Peres, relater of the process against Renan Calheiros, given to the journalist Mônica Monir, at a moment of intense social indignation for the attitudes and social practices of the president of the Federal Senate in force. It was analyzed through the inductive method, the Senators discourses in the light of the New Rhetoric of Perelman and Tyteca (1996) and of the rhetoric question of Michel Meyer (1993 and 2007). Through such analysis it is possible to verify that the constitution of rhetoric ethos of the Federal Senate occurs and by the discourse in a plausible manner. In this sense, the orators try to evidence an honest and fair position, even that all circumstances socio-historic show the opposite. Concerning the specificities of the political discourse, the constitution of the image of the institution occurs through the three rhetoric proofs: ethos, logos and pathos, being ethos, according to Aristóteles, the most important due to the orator s character. The research is considered relevant, once, if the members of that parliamentary house are always concerned about their ethos before the Brazilian society, the studies on argumentation gains prominence to show to the audience the rhetoric traps of sustentation of the plausible in the discourse, once that who discourses is acting over the other, somehow, through the language. The text, on the other hand, assumes singular importance at the disclosure of the discourses pronounced by the politicians / Este trabalho tem por objetivo identificar a constituição do ethos do Senado Federal por meio da análise retórica de dois textos referentes ao processo de cassação do Senador Renan Calheiros. O primeiro, publicado na Folha On Line, em 04 de dezembro de 2007, reproduz, na íntegra, o discurso do Senador Renan Calheiros, proferido na tribuna do Senado Federal, como forma de defesa às acusações feitas por seus colegas, contrários à sua conduta moral e, do mesmo modo, contrários à sua conduta parlamentar. O segundo, publicado no jornal O Estado de São Paulo , em 09 de dezembro de 2007, é um depoimento do Senador Jefferson Péres, relator do processo contra Renan Calheiros, dado à jornalista Mônica Monir, num momento de intensa indignação social pelas atitudes e práticas sociais do então presidente do Senado Federal. Analisamos, pelo método indutivo, os discursos dos Senadores à luz da Nova Retórica de Perelman e Tyteca (1996) e da questão retórica de Michel Meyer (1993 e 2007). Por meio dessas análises pudemos verificar que a constituição do ethos retórico do Senado Federal se dá no e pelo discurso de modo verossímil. Nesse sentido, os oradores procuram evidenciar uma posição justa e honesta, ainda que todas as circunstâncias sócio-históricas demonstrem o contrário. No que se refere às especificidades do discurso político, a constituição da imagem da instituição se dá pelas três provas retóricas: ethos, logos e pathos, sendo o ethos, segundo Aristóteles, a mais importante por tratar do caráter do orador. Consideramos relevante a pesquisa, pois, se os membros daquela casa parlamentar estão sempre preocupados com o seu ethos perante a sociedade brasileira, os estudos sobre a argumentação ganham relevo para mostrar ao auditório as artimanhas retóricas de sustentação do verossímil no discurso, uma vez que quem discursa está agindo sobre o outro, de alguma forma, por meio da linguagem. O texto, por sua vez, assume importância singular na divulgação dos discursos proferidos pelos políticos

C.G. Jung et ses proches collaborateurs ont souligné l’importance de l’imago maternelle aussi bien pour les individus que pour les groupes et les sociétés. Si cette thématique n’a guère été développée dans l’œuvre de Freud, cela n’est pas la cas pour les psychanalystes freudiens des générations suivantes, citons à cet égard Mélanie Klein ou D.W. Winnicott par exemple. Il revient tout particulièrement aux travaux des psychanalystes français Didier Anzieu et René Kaës d’avoir tenté d’articuler l’individuel et le collectif dans leurs travaux sur les groupes, et d’avoir confirmé l’équivalence du groupe et du complexe ou de l’imago maternels.1 Dans cette thèse j’ai souhaité examiner et évaluer l’importance de cette représentation maternelle dans la vie politique française tout au long de ce qui constitue une période fondatrice pour la vie politique française contemporaine, de la Révolution à la Première guerre mondiale. J’ai choisi de procéder à cette étude à partir des métaphores et allégories maternelles que l’on trouve dans les discours publics, ceux-ci incluant aussi bien les discours politiques proprement dits que les discours prononcés lors de distribution de prix à l’école, par exemple. Je ne procède pas, ou très peu, à des interprétations psychanalytiques, sauf lorsque cela me semble évident. Le cadre de référence actualisé de ma thèse est constitué par la recherche historique, mais la psychanalyse en représente « le cadre fantôme ou complémentaire», pour reprendre l’heureuse expression de René Kaës. A la suite de cette recherche, force est de constater l’emploi généralisé des métaphores et allégories maternelles dans la plupart des discours publics de cette période, sous des formes multiples : citons par exemple la Nature pendant la Révolution, la Jérusalem céleste puis la Vierge Marie dans le camp conservateur et d’autres représentations créés par les premiers socialistes, dont la Communauté (Etienne Cabet), ou bien encore la France maternelle et messianique de Michelet, la patrie des Républicains, la religion de l’Humanité du positivisme,celle de la Terre et des Morts de Barrès, etc.. La métaphore et l’allégorie maternelle constituent alors la promesse d’un idéal et/ou la demande de soumission. Ces figures maternelles ont des enfants, et dans les discours publics principalement des fils. Cette thèse constate l’importance de la relation privilégiée entre la mère et ses fils au niveau politique. Le « premier » de ces fils se pose le plus souvent en tant que porte-parole ou interprète de la métaphore à laquelle il se réfère : Robespierre, Napoléon Ier et Gambetta en sont quelques exemples. Dans le contexte imaginaire et idéologique induit par ces métaphores et allégories maternelles, l’individu et la femme en tant que tels, n’existent guère, la relation entre la Mère et son Fils constitue le principal modèle d’identification proposé. / C.G. Jung and his followers have emphazised the importance of the maternal imago forindivuals, groups and societies. This topic was barely developped by Freud, which is not thecase for Freudian analysts of the following generations ; one might cite for example MelanieKlein or D.W. Winnicott. Didier Anzieu and René Kaës, both French psychoanalysts, havemade an attempt to articulate the individual and the collective in their studies about groups andhave confirmed the equivalence of the group and the maternal imago. In this doctoral thesis, Ihave attempted to examine and assess the importance of this maternal representation in Frenchpolitical life during this formative period for French politics which lasts from the Revolution toWWI. I have chosen to study this issue through maternal metaphors and allegories in publicdiscourses, which include political speeches and other discourses, like award speeches at school,for example. I do not give psychoanalytical interpretation, unless it seems obvious. Thereference framework of this thesis is historical research, but psychoanalysis is itscomplementary or shadow framework. The results of the research show that maternalmetaphors and allegories were widely used in most public speeches of that time, in manydifferent forms. Nature (during the Revolution), heavenly Jerusalem or Virgin Mary in theconservative camp, and other maternal representations which were created by the early socialists– among which the “Community” (Etienne Cabet) – as well as Michelet’s maternal andmessianic France. The Republicans’ father - or rather motherland, the religion of Humanity asseen by Auguste Comte and the positivists, the religion of the Earth and the Dead (MauriceBarrès) are some examples... Maternal metaphors and allegories constitute a promise ofhappiness, an ideal and/or a submission request. These mother figures have children, mainlysons. This doctoral thesis confirms the importance of the privileged relationship between motherand son on the political level. Very often the “first” of these sons establishes himself as thespokesman or the interpreter of this metaphor or allegory. Robespierre, Napoléon, the first emperor of France, or Gambetta are some examples. In the ideological or fictional contextwhich these metaphors and allegories induce, there is hardly any room for the individual or forthe woman as such, the relationship between Mother and Son is the main identification modelwhich is proposed.

Political language's power to influence public opinion drives the present investigation into proverbs used by presidents during 1945-2008. The study’s purpose is to explore the proverbial language of American presidents, employing a digital methods approach. In addition to the predominant use of quantitative and comparative analyses, qualitative analysis is also occasionally employed. The research examines proverb frequency, patterns, and shifts in political speeches, revealing shared trends and distinctive usage of the proverbs. It also considers presidency duration and political circumstances, uncovering the presidents that favored proverbs in their discourses. Adopting computational means and tools, the study intends to cover gaps in existing research by quantifying proverb usage, focusing on the nuanced sociopolitical fabric. The research is based on vast bibliographic references including studies conducted by old paremiologists, as well as modern computational endeavors. Although the proverbs’ nature involves challenges such as metaphoricity, and existence of variants can cause difficulties in their identification by the tools, the research has been completed, answered all research questions that spanned proverb presence, evolution, and disparities among presidents' speeches, and produced interesting results. Overall, the research enhances understanding of proverbs' role in political discourse, revealing how politicians shape leadership communication through language. Due to the fact that all data was retrieved by open accessed sources, the research has not encountered any copyright issues. Some of the findings were expected, while others were unpredicted. The alternating sequence of challenges and achievements resulted in an understanding of previously raised questions as well as the need to tackle new ones.