Text in English / The problem of leadership and corruption in Nigeria is a known fact. A good number of Nigerian politicians and top government officials do not think that politics has anything to do with ethics. Currently, injustice is displayed in all spheres of Nigerian life. Indigenous moral values are almost completely ignored and abandoned. Nigeria no longer operates according to the hallowed observance of the rubric ‘Aa kii see’ (it is not done). It is no longer a society of law and order, crime and punishment, good behaviour and adequate reward. It is no longer a society which recognises the principles of abomination/taboos, or what the Yorubas describe as eewo. Taboos represent the main source of guiding principles regulating and directing the behaviour of individuals in the community. However, experience has shown over the years that politics’ functional peak is only attainable with the help of ethics. Politics based on the ethical principle of social equality is one of the indispensable features of true democracy. For politics to be effective and meaningful, ethics must not be forgotten. Politics without morality produces unethical leadership. This study claims that, the much desired political moral uprightness is achievable in Nigeria, if African traditional ethics is harnessed as a tool in solving the problem of unethical leadership and corruption, especially embezzlement. The thesis also attempts to show that, through reinforced moral education for both young and old, it will become more accepted that morality is the backbone of politics and it must not be ignored. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / D. Litt. et Phil. (Philosophy)

This study analysed the representation of South African women politicians in the Sunday Times’ election news during the 2004 Presidential and general elections, by drawing on perspectives from cultural studies, the constructionist approach to representation and the sociology of news production. Using content analysis and critical discourse analysis, the study found that very few women politicians were used as news actors/sources in the Sunday Times, and that when women politicians were figured, the paper tended to present them in ways that serve to sustain women’s subordinate status in society. Using content analysis, the study analysed 106 news items published between January 1, 2004 and April 30, 2004, and found that of all the 588 identifiable news actors/sources counted, 135 were women and 453 were men. Of these, only 7.67% (or 26) were women politicians and 92.33% (or 313) were men politicians. On average however, the amount of words allocated to a woman politician was more than that allocated to a man politician. The discourse analysis also revealed how the Sunday Times managed to reproduce textually the hegemonic power relations between women and men, by constructing different subject positions for women politicians and men politicians, which generally tended to be negative and positive respectively. In the representation of women politicians, the study revealed patterns that tended to ascribe them negative personality traits, accentuate their passivity and dependency on men, and construct them as incompetent political leaders. This study’s conclusions pose a challenge to the role of the national newspaper in the transformation of gender relations and the promotion of equal access to political and decision-making positions, and to the news media. News discourse, as a social practice, both determines and is determined by the social structure in which it is produced. By systematically reproducing subordinate subject positions for women in the news, the Sunday Times helps to further women’s subordinate status in society. Particularly, as part of the broader social cultural context that is embedded in patriarchal and gender ideologies, the Sunday Times does not merely reflect but actively and effectively constructs the reality it claims to be representing.

No abstract added / African Languages / M.A. (African Languages)

Frans Hendrik Odendaal is in 1898 op Kimberley gebore. Hy het sy jeugjare op Boshof deurgebring en matrikuleer in 1916. Deur privaatstudie kwalifiseer hy in 1927 as prokureur. Hy is in 1919 met Magdalena Petronella du Plessis getroud. Uit hierdie huwelik is vier dogters gebore. Na h kart wewenaarskap tree hy in 1948 met Magdalena Jacoba Truter in die huwelik. Uit hierdie huwelik is twee dogters gebore, terwyl hy die dogters uit Magdalena Truter se vorige huwelik wettiglik aangeneem het. In 1928 vestig Odendaal horn as prokureur op Nylstroom w~ar hy by sy vennoot, adv J G Strijdom se politieke bedrywighede inskakel. In 1938 word hy lid van die Nasionale Party van Transvaal se Inligtingsburo. Gedurende die Tweede Wereldoorlog was hy vir h kort tydperk Kommandant van die OssewaBrandwag in die Waterberg. In 1948 is hy tot L P R vir Waterberg verkies en in 1952 tot L U K. In 1958 is hy as Administrateur van Transvaal benoem. Hy het geskiedenis in Transvaal gemaak deurdat hy die eerste Administrateur was wat uit die geledere van die Provinsiale Raad in die gesogte pas benoem is. Odendaal het bekendheid verwerf as eerste voorsitter van TRUK en vir sy aandeel in die bevordering en opbou van die kunste in Transvaal. Insgelyks het hy kuns in Suid-Afrika op h ordelike grondslag geplaas. Hy kan as een van die grondleggers van georganiseerde streekrade vir die kunste in Suid-Afrika beskou word. As Administrateur het hy horn verder onderskei as onderwysvernuwer en bevorderaar van snelboumetodes in die provinsiale geboue-program in Transvaal. Voorts het hy baie bygedra tot die groat ontwikkeling op nywerheids- en verkeersgebied in sy provinsie. Tussen 1952 en 1966 was hy ononderbroke voorsitter van die Nasionale Parkeraad. Hy was deels daarvoor verantwoordelik dat di~ organisasie tot h winsgewende en ordelike besigheidsonderneming uitgebou is. In die proses het hy natuurbewaring in die hele Suid-Afrika bevorder. Hy was oak voorsitter van die veelbesproke Kommissie van ondersoek na aangeleenthede in Suidwes-Afrika en kan beskou word as die vader van vernuwing en ontwikkeling in moderne Namibie. Hy is in 1966 na h hartaanval oorlede. / Frans Hendrik Odendaal was born at Kimberley -in 1898. He grew up in Boshof where he matriculated in 1916. Through private studies he quaiified as an attorney in 1927. He married Magdalena Petronella du PlessLs in 1919. Four daughters were born from this marriage. In 1948, after a short period as a widower, he married Magdalena Jacoba Truter. Two daughters were born from this marriage, while he legally adopted Magdalena Truter's two daughters from a previous marriage. In 1928 Odendaal settled at Nylstroom and practised as an attorney. He became involved with the political activities of his partner, adv J G Strijdom, and in 1938 he became a member of the National Party's Bureau of Information. During the Second World War he acted for a short period as Commandant of the Ossewa Brandwag in the Waterberg district. In 1948 he was elected M P C for Waterberg and in 1952 became M E C. In 1958 he was nominated as Administrator of Transvaal. He made history by becoming the first Transvaal Administrator to be selected from the ranks of the Provincial Council. Odendaal distinquished himself as the first Chairman of P A C T and for promoting the performing arts in Transvaal. At the same time he placed the performing arts on a sound footing in South Africa. He can be regarded as one of the founders of regional councils for the performing arts in South Africa. As Administrator he excelled as educational innovator in his province, and he also promoted quick building methods in the provincial building programme. He also contributed towards the development of industries and transport in his province. For the entire period between 1952 and 1966 he was chairman cf the National Parks Board. Due partially to his edeavours, the Board was developed into a profitable business organisation. In the process he played an important role in developing and promoting nature conservation throughout South Africa. He was also chairman of the commission of enquiry into the affairs of South West Africa and can be considered the father of development and renewal in modern Namibia. He- died of a heart attack in 1966. / History

No description available.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:24:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LisymaSF_DISSERT.pdf: 867947 bytes, checksum: 7e4f4932074f835b5822f1dbb3d33ba0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-30 / The research seeks to comprehend the development of the promoting and structuring Fiscal Education actions in the states and in the federal district, attending to the guideline and the administrative requirements established by the Escola de Administra??o Fazend?ria (ESAF) to implement the Programa Nacional de Educa??o Fiscal (PNEF). The study has an exploratory content with a qualitative approach. The informations were collect with a questionnaire applied through the Google-docs by the managers of the program in any federated unit. Were founded several results, as the fragility of the program in the budgeting and financial area, the low frequency of the Grupo de Educa??o Estadual (GEFE) in regular meetings, the absence to monitor undertaken actions and the absence of interlocution between the GEFE and the forums of national discussions, especially the Conselho Nacional de Pol?tica Fazend?ria (CONFAZ). Despite the fragilities, the work shows the occurrence of some actions to disseminate Fiscal Education in schools and universities, the establishment of partnerships and the participation of the GEFE‟s in the national meetings. With the study, it was possible to conclude that in spite of the weaknesses found in its structure, the PNEF s institutionalized in the states and in the federal district, observing the differences between the federal units in relation to the ripening of the program. Despite the difficulties evidenced, it appears that they are capable of resolution, as far as it recognizes the importance of the Program for the promotion of a culture of active citizenship in the society and it will gives better conditions of implementation / A pesquisa objetiva compreender o desenvolvimento das a??es de promo??o e estrutura??o de Educa??o Fiscal nos Estados e Distrito Federal, a partir do atendimento ?s diretrizes e exig?ncias de natureza administrativa estabelecidas pela Escola de Administra??o Fazend?ria (ESAF) para implementa??o do Programa Nacional de Educa??o Fiscal (PNEF). O estudo ? de natureza explorat?ria com abordagem qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados a partir de um question?rio aplicado atrav?s do Google-docs junto aos gestores do Programa em cada Unidade Federada. Entre outros resultados destacam-se: fragilidades na estrutura do Programa na ?rea de recursos or?ament?rios e financeiros; frequ?ncia baixa nas reuni?es do Grupo de Educa??o Estadual (GEFE); aus?ncia de acompanhamento e avalia??o das a??es empreendidas; aus?ncia de interlocu??o entre o GEFE e os f?runs de debates nacionais, especialmente o Conselho Nacional de Pol?tica Fazend?ria (CONFAZ). Apesar das fragilidades evidencia-se a ocorr?ncia de algumas a??es de dissemina??o de Educa??o Fiscal em escolas e universidades; o estabelecimento de parcerias e a participa??o dos GEFE‟s nos encontros nacionais. Conclui-se que apesar das debilidades verificadas em sua estrutura, o PNEF est? institucionalizado nos Estados e Distrito Federal observando-se diferen?as entre as unidades federadas em rela??o ao amadurecimento do Programa. A despeito das dificuldades evidenciadas, verifica-se que elas s?o pass?veis de resolu??o, na medida em que se reconhe?a a import?ncia do Programa para a promo??o da cultura da cidadania ativa no seio da sociedade e a ele sejam dadas melhores condi??es de execu??o

The aim of this paper is to describe, visualise- and analyse media’s discursive representations of female politicians in Swedish printed media. The focus of the analysis is to show if, and how these images can be understood and interpreted in terms of a socially constructed gender stereotyped suborder. The paper takes it's theoretical and methodological departure in the discourse analysis, which is combined with feminist political theory. Feminist political theory is concretised in the use of what Yvonne Hirdman calls the "gender system" which arranges the sexes into their respective genders and is based upon two rules/principles/logics: 1) the rule of distinctive separation, and 2) the male norm. Closely related to the aim of the paper lies also the critical theoretic assumption that people has to be aware of their own part in the production and reproduction of the discourse in order to change make a change. Language is perceived as intimately tied to power in that language defines and gives the reality meaning. Media is therefore, by it's presence in all Swedish homes perceived as channel for the exercise of power through it's discourse. Drawing on 20 articles from different newspapers and magazines, the results of this paper shows, through the use of discourse analysis, that female politicians are portrayed as politicians and women. The analysis concludes that media's image of the female politician rests on gender stereotypes which as a consequent reduces the female politician to her biological gender and therefore gives her, in comparison with her male counterpart a lower hierarchic position.

Det är viktigt att kommunpolitiker och tjänstemän i kommuner använder sig av de verktyg som finns tillgängliga i kommunen. Det fungerar inte alltid, vilket det finns en rad olika orsaker till. Gröna bokslut är ett dokument som visar trender i samhället, den pekar på hur kommunen lyckas främja en hållbar utveckling på valda områden om. Det är till för att användas som beslutsunderlag vid olika beslut. Syftet med fallstudien är att se hur stor kännedomen är om det gröna bokslutet bland kommunpolitiker och tjänstemän, och om de använder sig av boksluten. De frågeställningar som studerades är: 1. Hur stor kännedom har kommunpolitiker och tjänstemän om de gröna boksluten? 2. Använder de sig av det gröna bokslutet som beslutsunderlag för att främja den hållbara utvecklingen? För den teoretiska anknytningen valdes implementeringsteori. Det man valde att titta på är ramen för olika implementeringsprocesser, exempel på det är nätverksimplementering och top - down - bottom - up användande processer för gröna boksluten. Studien utfördes i kommunerna Linköping, Mjölby och Norrköping. Som metod för undersökningen valdes öppna kvalitativ intervjuer. Respondenterna blev sammanlagt nio stycken, två ledamöter i kommunfullmäktige och miljöcheferna för de olika miljökontoren i respektive kommun. Ett frågeunderlag användes vid intervjuerna. I analysen var de frågor som ställdes under intervjuerna utgångspunkten. Det som kom fram i analysen var att alla har kännedom om boksluten, det som skiljer dem åt är i vilken omfattning. Likaså skiljer sig användningen. Bland ledamöterna i kommunfullmäktige är det blandat, vissa använder det mycket medan andra knappt tittar i boksluten. Miljöcheferna använder inte bokslutet, då de anser att de inte har användning för det i sitt arbete. Inte att förglömmas är att denna studie är väldigt smal och bara ger en bild utifrån de intervjuade om problematiken. Om studien hade utökats med fler eller med andra respondenter hade kanske ett annat resultat uppnåtts.

Orientador: Salvador Antonio Mireles Sandoval / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T14:44:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Reck_Jair_D.pdf: 2205771 bytes, checksum: db0a9ca19bc1a575c0b3710ac98e6b20 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Doutorado / Educação, Sociedade, Politica e Cultura / Mestre em Educação

Submitted by Maria Dulce (mdulce@ndc.uff.br) on 2014-05-16T20:44:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Montilha, Thiago-Dissert-2014.pdf: 3927574 bytes, checksum: b1b1b180474cf0a39fd6689fed29c6f2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-16T20:44:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Montilha, Thiago-Dissert-2014.pdf: 3927574 bytes, checksum: b1b1b180474cf0a39fd6689fed29c6f2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / O presente trabalho pretende analisar as principais representações publicadas na imprensa, pelo jornalista Olavo Bilac, sobre a República brasileira e seus políticos. O recorte cronológico adotado compõe-se dos anos situados entre 1897 e 1908 e o espaço privilegiado em nossa análise é a cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Em termos gerais, pretendemos não somente captar as diferentes perspectivas veiculadas por Olavo Bilac sobre ambos os objetos, mas analisar e determinar alguns dos muitos fatores que estruturaram a sua ótica bastante complexa a respeito. / The present work aims to analyze the main representations that were published at massive press by the journalist Olavo Bilac about the Brazilian Republic and its politicians. The period focused were between 1897 and 1908 and the privileged space in our analysis is the city of Rio de Janeiro, capital of the Brazil at that time. In general terms, we want not only to capture the different perspectives published by Olavo Bilac about both objects, but also to analyze and determine some of the several factors that structured his very complex view about them.