Orientador: Liliana Rolfsen Petrilli Segnini / Tese (doutorado profissional) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T06:13:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Arruda_CarmenLuciaRodrigues_D.pdf: 4036285 bytes, checksum: 769de268504d4cf91a8d52a2344e0ddc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo é analisar contradições observadas nas relações de trabalho de artistas docentes no ensino superior público. O recorte analítico privilegiou o Instituto de Artes da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, lócus da pesquisa. Três dimensões foram selecionadas: a contextualização histórica da criação da Unicamp e do Instituto de Artes, o processo de institucionalização da Arte no ensino superior e as relações de trabalho de artistas no contexto de uma instituição burocrática, organizada de forma racional e legal. Foram analisados dados históricos, documentais e estatísticos sobre a história da Unicamp, o ensino superior e as políticas públicas de cultura, além de entrevistas realizadas com professores do Instituto de Artes, cujo corpo docente é composto por professores que desempenham suas atividades sob duas formas distintas de carreira: a do Magistério Superior, em que é exigido no mínimo o título de doutor, da mesma forma que para todas as outras áreas da Universidade; a do Magistério Artístico, criada especialmente para manter, no corpo docente da Universidade, artistas com domínio do fazer artístico, o notório saber, mas sem qualificação formal em graduação e/ou em pós-graduação. A docência universitária é, atualmente, uma possibilidade crescente de assalariamento para o artista, frequentemente submetido a formas efêmeras e instáveis de trabalho, levando a uma tendência crescente na formação desse profissional em nível superior - graduação e pós-graduação - na área de Artes. A formação e o trabalho institucionalizados revelam, hoje, problemas e tensões antes inexistentes para a área, indicando que a universidade ainda não possui mecanismos eficientes para o reconhecimento da produção artística como produção acadêmica. A relevância deste estudo refere-se ao processo de institucionalização da arte, por meio da formação no ensino superior, uma dimensão historicamente recente / Abstract: The aim of this research is to analyse contradictions observed in the work relationships of artists teaching in public higher education. The analysis snapshot privileged the 'Arts Institute' from Universidade Estadual de Campinas, locus of the research. Three dimensions were selected: the historical context of the creation of Unicamp and the 'Arts Institute', the institutionalization process of Arts in Higher Education and the work relationships of artists within the context of a bureaucratic institution, organized rationally and legally. Historical, documental and statistical data about the history of Unicamp, higher education and culture public policies were analysed, besides interviews with teachers from the 'Arts Institute', where the teaching staff is composed of teachers who carry out their activities in two distinct career modes: Higher Education Teaching where at least a doctor's degree is required, as in all the other areas of the University, and Arts Teaching which was created especially to hire artists with notorious knowledge and a vast artistic production, but with no formal graduate and/or post-graduate qualifications. The university teaching is currently a growing possibility for the artists to have a fixed remuneration, as they are frequently submitted to ephemeral and unstable working modes, what leads to an increasing trend in the formation of this professional at higher level - graduate and post- graduate degrees - in Arts. The institutionalized formation and work reveal today problems and tensions that were inexistent earlier in the area, thus indicating that the university does not yet have the efficient mechanisms for the recognition of the artistic production as an academic production. The relevance of this study refers to the process of arts institutionalization through higher education formation, a historically recent dimension / Doutorado / Ciencias Sociais / Doutor em Ciências Sociais

Les sociétés professionnelles, même si elles ne bénéficient pas d'une définition établie sont celles par lesquelles les professionnels libéraux choisissent d'exercer en groupe. Au titre de celles-ci les sociétés civiles professionnelles et les sociétés d'exercice libéral sont de loin les plus répandues. Dans tout exercice d'une profession au moyen d'une structure sociale, existe le risque de voir des intérêts s'affronter, ou survenir des circonstances imprévues. Il faut entendre sous le terme de « départ », plusieurs situations qui représentent des manières intentionnelles ou non de quitter la société. Il peut ainsi s'agir du retrait volontaire de l'associé, de la cession de ses parts, mais également de son exclusion, voire de son décès. S'il convient tout d'abord d'évoquer les différentes hypothèses permettant ou imposant à l'associé de sortir de la structure, il faut également en étudier les conséquences, nécessairement importantes, tant pour l'associé que pour la société. S'agissant de professionnels libéraux, les questions de la responsabilité professionnelle, de l'obligation aux dettes et du non rétablissement sont primordiales. Enfin, il ne faut pas négliger les conséquences fiscales de ce départ, tant pour l'associé sortant que pour la société. La présente étude devrait offrir une utilité pour tous les professionnels libéraux, et plus spécialement ceux du droit, du fait de l'éparpillement actuel des règles juridiques. / "Professional" companies, even if they do not have an accurate definition, are those by which the self-employed professional choose to practice in group. The most widespread are the “sociétés civiles professionnelles” (civil professional companies) and the “sociétés d'exercice liberal” (commercial professional companies). In every professional exercise, by means of a social structure, lies the risk to assist to conflicts between some interests, or the occurrence of unexpected circumstances. By the notion of « exiting », we must include several situations which represent intentional or unintentional ways to leave the company. The voluntary withdrawal of the associate is one of many, such as the transfer of his share and also his possible exclusion or even his death. Considering the various possibilities allowing to the associate to leave the structure, it is as well required to examine the necessarily important consequences, both for the associate and the company. Regarding professional companies, the questions of the professional liability, the obligation to the debts and the non-re-establishment clauses are fundamental. Finally fiscal consequences regarding this kind of departure must not be neglected both for the associate and the company. The present study should be useful for the whole professional corporations and more specifically those of the Law, due to the current dissipation of the legal rules.

Background. A constantly changing reform agenda has frequently changed NHS management arrangements. Impacts are documented for medicine and nursing but much less so for the third largest profession, physiotherapy. Aims. To evaluate the impact of NHS reforms on physiotherapy analysing whether the resulting management structures impacted on staff and patient care; comparing English and Welsh arrangements with previous periods. Method. Observational mixed methods including a narrative literature review; questionnaire census; semi-structured interviews; physiotherapy narrative history; and a normative evaluation of physiotherapy management structures. Results. NHS reforms had impacted on the structure of physiotherapy management and organisation. Of the eight management structures described in Øvretveit’s (1992) schema: Three were not observed; two were observed but needed modification; three were observed and empirically applicable with small modifications; social enterprises had evolved with management structures similar to those in the NHS. The main changes to physiotherapy managers’ roles between1989-2014 were substantial reorganisations affecting the employing organisation and role of the managers with a reduction in Community Trusts and the introduction of competing providers into English NHS physiotherapy. Clinical autonomy had been extended with advanced practice roles in some areas. The role of the professional body and TU (the CSP) was generally well-regarded by managers. The differences between England and Wales related more to management structures than national policy differences. Conclusions. Most physiotherapists were managed within cross-AHP structures. Devolved structures were increasingly emerging but physiotherapy managers preferred professionally-led structures. Physiotherapy managers ranked the AHP Directorate the highest and the Fragmented structure the lowest. The AHP professions will need to consider merging to conserve their power as professions and to maximise their combined contribution to patient care and organise to meet fiscal challenges in both countries.

The Social Spaces of Female Intellectual Careers in the Mid-Nineteenth Century Pest-Buda I examine three Hungarian female intellectual careers of the 19th century in the context of the urban and also the rural lifestyle. I focus on the role of Pest-Buda in the professions of female writers, editors and actresses. Therefore, the subjects of the three case studies are the representatives of these professions: Júlia Szendrey (1828 - 1868) as poet, writer and translator, Emília Kánya (1828 - 1905) as the first female editor of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and Kornélia Prielle (1826 - 1906) as successful actress who experienced significant alterations in the assessment of her profession. My main research questions are the following: What was the role of the countryside and Pest-Buda in the female intellectual careers in the 19th century? How did the intellectual women use the urban space in Pest-Buda? What was the role of the first female intellectual professions (writer, editor, and actress) in the urban society? The main sources of the research are the so-called ego-documents (autobiographies, memoires, diaries, correspondences) as well as press products which were mediums of the contemporary debates about the female roles and professions. My primary goal is to reconsider the questions about the...

In a moment a woman can decide to remain on a set career path, however through Impressions management, a process by which individuals attempt to control the impressions others form of themselves, decisions are made to continue or opt out. The focus of this study was to explore unspoken or (in)visible norms that form part of these impressions. The study explored what the norms are that move a woman along her career journey and norms that move her away. The findings in this research report considered the existing body of literature on women, norms, impression management and career progression. This research project comprised of ten in-depth interviews with women in an organisation. The women were interviewed face-to-face, in an unstructured format. Secondary sources such as annual reports and company website were reviewed. The research found that when career building norms were visible to both the woman and others, the woman experienced positive career progression. When the woman was unaware of career building norms, but these were visible to others, the woman experienced positive career development. When the woman was aware of career limiting norms, while this remained oblivious to others and remained unspoken, career dis-alignment was experienced by the woman. Lastly when both the woman and others did not question or acknowledge existing career limiting norms, her career experienced status quo. There was lack of diversity in the sample and the company and country context influenced the results. This study focused on contributing to (in)visibility by assessing the impact of impressions management of women’s career progression. This would contribute to considerations when developing women’s career progression plans. A total of four suggestions were made for future research. / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / lmgibs2014 / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / MBA / Unrestricted

Free-lance professions under the law of the EU The free-lance professions under the law of the EU serve for the topic of the present thesis. They represent a special category of occupations playing though a significant role in the daily life of the society and in the economic events of both the state and the European Union. They distinguish from other forms of businesses by the "liberty" of carrying out, i.e. the independence on the direct state supervision. It is impossible to find among EU member states neither the identical term of a free-lance profession, nor the categories of the professions considered to be included. The term might regard advocates, architects, but also journalists, writers, artists etc. Neither do the EU member states agree on the content of individual activities, or usually performed duties. As some of these occupations are significantly linked to the public interest, the member states tend to increase their regulations. The first part of the thesis deals with differences of conceptions in individual member states, as well as with their common basis. The aim of the EU is to overcome the discrepancy of national regulations and to unify the conception. The common basis served as an inspiration for the definition of the free-lance professions on the European level. The EU law adjusts...

D.Litt. et Phil. (Sociology) / During the past decades married women increasingly joined the labour market due to financial reasons as well as a need for self-actualisation, and this has had significant consequences for these womens' marriages and family lives. In addition to women joining the labour market for financial reasons, more and more women are obtaining higher academic qualifications enabling them to pursue professional careers and apply to join traditional male professional occupations, such as the medical and dental professions, the law professions, the engineering and architectural professions, as well as various other professions. Professions have been described by certain sociologists as greedy occupations. Professions tend to absorb workers to such an extent that work remain central in their thoughts even when at home, and sometimes compel them to work long hours, weekends and holidays. The division between home life and .work life becomes blurred and, to a certain extent, professional work becomes a style of life. Since the practising of a professional career requires rigorous work hours, dedication, as well as commitment, and the implications of practising such a career for the married woman with children, especially small children, are substantial. Firstly, to what extent will she be able to comply with the requirements of a professional career and adequately care for her family? Secondly, how will a professional career affect the quality of her marriage and family life? Will she be able to commit herself to both a family as well as a career? This study deals with research into the commitment of 642 married working women in the PWV-area to their work. Respondents were selected by means of a random sample obtained from the telephone directories of the PWV-area. Data was collected by means of conducting a telephonic and postal survey with the help of the opinion survey centre of the Human Sciences Research Council.

M.Ed. / This study researches the working mother's experience of her world in order to explore and describe it. The aim of the study is to make recommendations to the educational psychologist (who is involved in the development and education of the child) resulting from the experiences of the different mothers. The research report starts with the contextualization of the study in Chapter 1, by creating a social- and theoretical framework. The theoretical framework places the woman in a system of interdependent relations, placing her internal experience and her external participation in society, in context. In Chapter 2 the exploratory, descriptive, contextual and qualitative study that was done, is described. To collect the data, phenomenological interviewing was done. The interviews were taped and then transcribed. The test sample consists of five women with professional careers or who used to have professional careers. The collected data was processed with a combination of Tesch's method, Kerlinger's method and categorisation.

The thesis explores the role of academic education in police professionalisation. Due to its high complexity, specialisation and status, detective work is well-suited for illustrating these developments and the practical and symbolic benefits they can bring to the police and policing as a whole. The overall approach of thesis is iterative. Literature from police studies and sociology of professions provides the conceptual and theoretical framework for the empirical data of 24 semi-structured interviews conducted with 14 police national training coordinators and local police trainers. The increasing academisation of police training and the formalisation of the police-academia relationships suggest police professionalisation has reached a tipping point. This is seen in the current investigative skills training in England and Wales, which is characterised by growing centralisation, standardisation, and emphasis on formalising the professional knowledgebase of investigations and policing – a trend which the Professionalising Investigation Programme exemplifies. While the police (including the investigative specialism) can be shown to display many of the qualities of professions, it has lacked the level of instructional abstraction characterising other professions, typically provided by higher education and, crucially, leading to externally recognised qualifications. Developing academic police education is not without its challenges, chief among them the perceived epistemological and cultural divide between the ‘two worlds’ of police and academia. A successful transformation requires careful consideration of the content and format of the arrangements, investment, support, acceptance and engagement from police, academia and government, and a simultaneous change to cultural dispositions (habitus) and internal and external structures (field). This is worth the effort as a number of practical and symbolic benefits of police academic education can be identified. It has the potential to improve the quality of service by deepening police knowledge and understanding and facilitating community-oriented approaches. More importantly, academic education bestows a rich cultural capital, strengthens and legitimises police expertise, market monopoly, and status in the eyes of the public, other professions and the government. It enables the survival of the profession, giving it the tools to prevail in conflicts over competence and the right to define and interpret policing and its social context. In summary, police professionalisation via academic education can be explained in terms of agency and structure both; as a deliberate occupational upgrading spurred by social and economic aspirations and aimed to reconceptualise and relegitimise policing; and as an inevitable reaction to wider changes and a deeper ontological shift taking place in the society.

The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the attitudes and working methods that study- and career counselors apply when it comes to competence provision. The main focus of the thesis was to investigate whether the study and career counselors consider that competence development work is an essential part of their work in a primary school in a municipality with a dominant market of industries. Therefor our main question was about how the study and career counsellors are working with this today, if there is any influence from external stakeholders and what the desired role of collaboration they would like to have in the future. We have contacted forty study and career counsellors who work in primary school in member municipalities in the network of Industristarka Kommuner and they were interviewed by mail and in some cases by phone. There were totally nine study and career counsellors that were represented in the survey. The study results in a model for the collaborative role, which could be divided into four stages, directly active, indirectly active, indirectly passive and direct passive, depending on the position and behavior of study and career counselors in the question of collaboration. The roles could also be linked to different career theories and were largely dependent on how the top of the board looked and most of our informants had a desire to take a step back and allow someone else to manage the skills to solve time for other guidance work.