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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
171

Avaliação de comorbidades em pacientes com psoríase

Menegon, Dóris Baratz January 2011 (has links)
Introdução: A psoríase é uma doença inflamatória crônica, que afeta a pele, couro cabeludo, unhas e ocasionalmente as articulações. A prevalência da psoríase varia de 0,6 a 4,8% na população mundial, afetando homens mulheres igualmente. A doença tem sido associada a um maior risco de desenvolvimento de várias comorbidades. O objetivo desse estudo é avaliar a associação entre psoríase e a presença de comorbidades como hipertensão, diabetes, dislipidemia, obesidade, depressão e os hábitos de fumar e ingerir bebidas alcoólicas. Métodos: Estudo caso-controle (psoríase x não psoriásicos) realizado no ambulatório de Dermatologia do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Foram avaliados os parâmetros de: peso, altura, pressão arterial, circunferência abdominal e diagnóstico de comorbidades. Nos pacientes com psoríase avaliou-se também a estimativa da área corporal acometida. Resultados: O estudo incluiu 350 casos (55,1% mulheres) e 346 controles (63,6% mulheres). A média de idade dos casos em anos foi 49,81 e nos controles 48,5. Os fatores de riscos que apresentaram diferença significativa entre casos e controles estudados foram: cintura abdominal aumentada com p<0,01 e OR=2,1 (IC 95%1,3-3,3); o Índice de Massa Corporal p=0,01 e OR= 1,8 (IC 95%1,1-2,9), tabagismo com p<0,01, OR=2,1 (IC 95%1,4-2,9) e depressão com p < 0,01 e OR=2,1 (IC 95%1,4-3,2). As variáveis triglicerídeos e o consumo habitual de álcool perderam a significância após ajuste para e idade, assim como a hipertensão. Colesterol HDL, diabetes, cardiopatia e comorbidades não listadas não mostraram diferença significativa na amostra. Ao compararmos os pacientes com estimativa de acometimento da área corporal menor e maior que 20%, as comorbidades hipertensão (p=0,03 e OR=1,69 (IC 95% 1,1 - 2,6) e diabetes (p<0,01 e OR= 2,9 (IC 95%1,6-5,4) mostraram diferença significativa. O tabagismo foi mais significativo entre os pacientes com estimativa de acometimento da área corporal menor que 20% (p<0,01 e OR 0,5 (IC 95% 0,3-0,8). As demais variáveis (cardiopatia, síndrome metabólica, depressão, comorbidades não listadas, uso de álcool, cintura abdominal alterada, Índice de Massa Corporal > 25kg/m2, triglicerídeos e colesterol HDL) não mostraram diferença entre os pacientes com maior e menor acometimento da área corporal. Conclusão: Nossos resultados confirmam a prevalência de significantes comorbidades em pacientes com psoríase quando comparado com os controles. Estes achados reforçam a necessidade da implementação de uma rotina de rastreamento para riscos metabólicos e cardiovasculares, assim como orientações sobre o estilo de vida e hábitos saudáveis. / Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the skin, scalp, nails and occasionally the joints. The prevalence of psoriasis varies from 0.6 to 4.8% of the world population and affects men and women alike. The disease has been associated with an increased risk of several comorbidities. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between psoriasis and comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, obesity, depression, smoking and alcohol use. Methods: A case-control study (psoriasis vs. no psoriasis) conducted in the Dermatology Outpatient Service of the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre. The evaluated parameters were: weight, height, blood pressure, waist circumference and diagnosis of comorbidity. In the patients with psoriasis the affected body surface area was also evaluated. Results: The study included 350 cases (55.1% women) and 346 controls (63.6% women). The average age was 49.81 years in the cases and 48.5 in the controls The risk factors that showed significant differences between the studied cases and controls were: increased waist circumference with p <0.01 and OR = 2.1 (95% CI 1.3 to 3.3), Body Mass Index p = 0.01 and OR = 1.8 (95% CI 1.1 to 2.9), smoking with p <0.01, OR = 2.1 (95% CI 1.4 to 2.9) and depression with p <0. 01, and OR = 2.1 (95% CI 1.4 to 3.2). The variables, triglycerides and habitual consumption of alcohol lost significance after adjustment for age and gender, as did hypertension. HDL cholesterol, diabetes, heart disease and non-listed comorbidities showed no significant difference in the sample. When comparing patients with an estimated involved body surface area smaller and larger than 20%, the comorbidities, hypertension (p = 0.03 and OR = 1.69 (95% CI 1.1 - 2.6) and diabetes (p <0.01 and OR = 2.9 (95% CI 1.6 to 5.4) showed a significant difference. Smoking was more significant among patients with an estimated involved body surface area of less than 20% (p <0.01 and OR 0.5 (95% CI 0.3-0.8). With the other variables (heart disease, metabolic syndrome, depression, non-listed comorbidities, alcohol use, altered waist circumference, Body Mass Index > 25kg/m2, triglycerides and HDL cholesterol) there was no apparent difference between patients with smaller or larger affected body surface areas. Conclusion: Our results confirm the significant prevalence of comorbidities in psoriasis patients compared with controls. The patients with more than 20% of the BSA affected are 1.69 times more likely to have hypertension and 2.9 times more likely to have diabetes. These findings reinforce the need to implement routine screening for metabolic and cardiovascular risks, as well as guidance on lifestyle and healthy habits.
172

Investigating medication adherence in psoriasis : exploring the role of illness perceptions, medication beliefs, and emotional distress

Thorneloe, Rachael Jane January 2014 (has links)
Objectives: Psoriasis is a long-term inflammatory condition associated with considerable psychological and social morbidity. There are multiple psoriasis treatment modalities and regimens making medication adherence particularly demanding. The Self-Regulatory Framework has not been widely applied to investigate adherence by people with psoriasis. This thesis reports research into psychological factors associated with medication adherence in psoriasis. Methods: A systematic review of adherence to treatments (Phase 1) was followed by a qualitative investigation of measures of adherence and treatment beliefs (Phase 2). A large-scale multisite quantitative survey of levels and determinants of adherence to systemic psoriasis treatments was carried out by linking new psychological measures with data from a national treatment registry (Phase 3). Finally a mixed-methods investigation into self- regulatory approaches to the understanding of adherence was undertaken (Phase 4). Findings: i) Adherence difficulties are prevalent in psoriasis, however poor methodology quality of previous studies limited conclusions of the systematic review ii) Patients using topical preparations described significant day-to-day variations in medication use as well as complex treatment decision-making processes; however, key behaviours and cognitions were not accurately reflected by corresponding scores of the standardised scales iii) Patients using systemic treatments reported high levels of adherence which were associated with: biologic rather than a traditional systemic; fewer concerns about systemic treatments; and lower PASI and DLQI scores. Unhealthy lifestyle behaviours were also prevalent iv) Effective treatment usage in psoriasis conflicted with the management of the physical and psychological demands of living with psoriasis. For patients using topical preparations, non-adherence was a strategic decision to reduce distress and gain control. Patients using systemic treatments expressed strong beliefs in the necessity of their treatment, yet reported high levels of anxiety and depression. Systemic treatment usage conflicted with the management of illness controllability and psychological adjustment. A more negative illness belief profile and greater appearance concerns accounted for the most variance in both anxiety and depression, even after controlling for disease severity. These findings have major implications for the measurement of adherence and treatment beliefs, as well as researchers’ ability to determine clinical outcomes and treatment response. Conclusions: Psoriasis treatment adherence can be practically challenging as well as emotionally charged. The construct of self-regulatory failure proved to be illuminating and improves understanding of the psychological processes that underpin medicines adherence and other aspects of self- management in people with psoriasis.
173

Avaliação de sintomas depressivos e de ansiedade em cuidadores de pacientes pediátricos com dermatite atópica, psoríase e vitiligo

Manzoni, Ana Paula Dornelles da Silva January 2011 (has links)
Introdução: A literatura tem demonstrado que a presença de distúrbios emocionais nos cuidadores de crianças com dermatoses crônicas influenciam no curso e tratamento da doença. A ansiedade e a depressão estão entre os diagnósticos psiquiátricos mais relacionados, porém a maioria das publicações afere esta relação de forma indireta, através de escalas de qualidade de vida e não de escalas diretas para ansiedade e depressão. Objetivo: Avaliar a presença de ansiedade e depressão nos cuidadores de pacientes pediátricos com dermatite atópica, vitiligo ou psoríase e correlacioná-las à qualidade de vida dos pacientes, à extensão corporal total da doença e à área acometida exposta à visualização. Materiais e Métodos: Amostra composta por 118 pacientes com dermatite atópica, vitiligo e psoríase acompanhados pelo principal responsável por seus cuidados diários. A avaliação da ansiedade nos cuidadores foi realizada através da Escala de Hamilton de Ansiedade e a depressão através do Inventário de Beck para Depressão. Foi aplicado o Índice de Qualidade de Vida na Dermatologia Infantil. Aferiu-se a superfície corporal total acometida pela doença em áreas expostas à visualização através do modelo humano para queimados. Resultados: Ansiedade foi verificada em 36% dos cuidadores do grupo de pacientes com dermatite atópica, em 36% do grupo com psoríase e 42% do grupo com vitiligo. Depressão ocorreu em 36% dos cuidadores de pacientes com dermatite atópica, 36% dos responsáveis pelos pacientes com psoríase, e em 26% dos cuidadores de pacientes com vitiligo. Observou-se uma correlação significativa entre a pior qualidade de vida dos pacientes com vitiligo e a presença de depressão e ansiedade nos seus cuidadores. Quanto maior a superfície corporal total comprometida pela psoríase maior o índice de depressão e ansiedade nos seus cuidadores, e quanto maior superfície corporal em áreas expostas à visualização nos pacientes com vitiligo, maior a presença de ansiedade nos seus cuidadores. Na análise comparativa da qualidade de vida entre os três grupos de pacientes portadores de dermatoses, verificou-se que os pacientes com dermatite atópica e psoríase têm qualidade de vida significativamente piores que os portadores de vitiligo. Conclusão: A presença de ansiedade e depressão nos cuidadores de pacientes com vitiligo foi significativamente relacionada a uma pior qualidade de vida dos pacientes e a uma maior extensão da doença exposta à visualização. Entre os cuidadores de pacientes com psoríase, observaram-se maiores índices de depressão e ansiedade diante da maior superfície corporal total comprometida pela doença. Porém, os piores escores de qualidade de vida foram identificados entre os pacientes atópicos. Assim, acreditamos que distúrbios emocionais tendem a estar presentes no nicho familiar de crianças portadoras das dermatoses crônicas estudadas. / Introduction: The literature has shown that the presence of emotional disturbances in caregivers of children with skin diseases affects the course and treatment of the disease. Anxiety and depression are among the most frequently reported psychiatric diagnoses related to this fact. However, most publications have attempted to gauge this relationship indirectly by using quality of life scales rather than direct scales developed for the evaluation of anxiety and depression. Objective: To evaluate the presence of anxiety and depression in caregivers of 118 pediatric patients with chronic skin disorders, exemplified by atopic dermatitis, psoriasis and vitiligo, and correlate them to the quality of life of the patients, total body area affected by the disease and the extent of that affected area exposed to view. Methods: The sample consisted of patients with atopic dermatitis, vitiligo and psoriasis accompanied by their main caregiver. The levels of anxiety and depression in the caregivers were assessed using the Hamilton Anxiety Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory, respectively. The validated for Portuguese Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index was applied. The total body surface affected by the disease and the area exposed to view were measured using the human model for burn patients. Results: Anxiety was observed in 36% of the caregivers of the patients with atopic dermatitis, 36% of those of children affected by psoriasis and 42% of those responsible for pediatric patients with vitiligo. Depression occurred in 36% of the caregivers of patients with atopic dermatitis, 36% of those of children affected by psoriasis and 26% of those responsible for pediatric patients with vitiligo affected. There was a significant correlation between poor quality of life scores in patients with vitiligo and the presence of depression and anxiety in their caregivers. The greater the total body surface affected by psoriasis the higher the rate of depression and anxiety in their caregivers. For vitiligo, extensive surface body area corresponded to more intense anxiety in their caregivers. In the comparative analysis of the quality of life between the three groups of dermatoses, the quality of life of patients with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis was significantly worse than for those affected by vitiligo. Conclusion: The presence of anxiety and depression in caregivers of patients with vitiligo was significantly related to the lower quality of life of the patients and the greater extent of disease exposed to view. Among caregivers of patients with psoriasis, the larger total body surface affected by the disease, the higher were the observed levels of depression and anxiety. However, the worst quality of life scores were identified among atopic patients. Thus, we believe that emotional disorders tend to be present in the close family of children with the studied chronic skin diseases.
174

AVALIAÇÃO DO ACOMETIMENTO UNGUEAL DE PACIENTES ADULTOS COM PSORÍASE VULGAR / EVALUATION OF NAIL INVOLVEMENT IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH PLAQUE-TYPE PSORIASIS

Schons, Karen Regina Rosso 03 June 2013 (has links)
Psoriasis is a chronic disease that presents in individuals of all ages, affecting skin, nails and joints. Nail changes are estimated to be present in 10-80% of psoriatic patients at some point in their lives, with consequent aesthetic and functional repercussions and quality of life impairment. In Brazil, there are only a few epidemiological studies on nail psoriasis (NP) so far. The aim of this study is to evaluate the nails of a sample of psoriatic patients from the south of Brazil, determining the prevalence of nail involvement, its main characteristics and clinical associations. This is a cross-sectional study that evaluated 65 outpatients with plaque-type psoriasis treated at the Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria - RS, from January 2012 to March 2013. Skin severity was evaluated using the PASI method and the nail changes were assessed using the NAPSI score. Psoriatic arthritis was determined by CASPAR criteria. Demographic variables were assessed by specific questionnaire. The prevalence of NP was 46.1%. Patients with NP had an average of 8.1±5 nails affected and the main morfological sign found was onycholysis (80%). Most patients (63.3%) reported functional or aesthetic discomfort related to nails involvement. When compared to patients without nail changes, patients with NP showed lower mean age of onset of psoriasis (27,6±14,9 vs. 42,7±15,9 years, p=0.001) and longer duration of the disease (17,5±10,7 vs. 9,1±9,7 years, p=0.003). Patients with NP also had higher PASI score (11,1±8,3 vs. 6,5±6,1, p=0.024), higher frequency of family history of psoriasis (40% vs. 7,4%, p=0.011) and higher frequency of psoriatic arthritis (43,3 vs. 3,7, p=0,002). The NP is still poorly studied, despite its clinical consequences such as pain, functional limitation and aesthetic disorders. Its importance as a predictor of joint involvement and more severe cutaneous disease was demonstrated by this study. Family history and early onset of disease were also associated with NP. / A psoríase, doença de curso crônico que afeta indivíduos de todas as idades, acomete pele, unhas e articulações. Estima-se que 10-80% dos pacientes apresentem alterações ungueais em algum momento de suas vidas, com consequentes repercussões estéticas, funcionais e na qualidade de vida. No Brasil, existem escassos estudos epidemiológicos sobre as formas ungueais até o presente momento. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as unhas de uma amostra de pacientes portadores de psoríase, determinando a prevalência do acometimento ungueal, suas principais características e associações clínicas. Trata-se de um estudo transversal que avaliou 65 portadores de psoríase vulgar atendidos no Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria - RS, no período de janeiro de 2012 a março de 2013. Os pacientes tiveram seu quadro cutâneo quantificado pelo escore de PASI e o ungueal avaliado através do NAPSI. O diagnóstico de artrite psoriásica (AP) levou em conta os critérios de CASPAR. A prevalência de psoríase ungueal (PU) foi de 46,1%. Os portadores de PU tiveram em média 8,1±5 unhas acometidas e o principal sinal encontrado foi a onicólise (80%). A maioria dos pacientes (63,3%) relatou incômodo estético ou funcional associado ao quadro. Quando comparados aos pacientes sem acometimento ungueal, os pacientes portadores de PU apresentaram menor média de idade ao início da psoríase (27,6±14,9 vs. 42,7±15,9 anos, p=0,001) e maior tempo de evolução da doença (17,5±10,7 vs. 9,1±9,7 anos, p=0,003). Os pacientes com PU apresentaram também maior escore de PASI (11,1±8,3 vs. 6,5±6,1, p=0,024), maior frequência de relato de história familiar (40% vs. 7,4%, p=0,011) e de AP (43,3 vs. 3,7, p=0,002). A PU ainda é pouco estudada, apesar das consequências clínicas como dor e limitação funcional e dos transtornos estéticos. Sua importância como fator preditor de acometimento articular e de quadros cutâneos extensos foi demonstrada através deste estudo. A associação da PU com história familiar e início mais precoce da doença também foi significativa.
175

DESENVOLVIMENTO DE NANOCÁPSULAS CONTENDO DITRANOL E SUA INCORPORAÇÃO EM FORMULAÇÃO SEMISSÓLIDA DE BASE AQUOSA / DEVELOPMENT OF NANOCAPSULES CONTAINING DITRANOL AND ITS INCORPORATION IN AQUEOUS BASED SEMISOLID FORMULATION

Savian, Ana Luiza 04 September 2012 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Dithranol is very effective drug for the topical treatment of psoriasis. However, it has some adverse effects, such as irritation and stain in the skin that difficult its application and patient adherence to treatment. Its instability to light, high pH values, metals and the presence of oxygen, configure as a limiting step for use. So, the inclusion of drug in nanocarriers was the main objective of this work. Lipid core nanocapsules and nanoemulsions containing 0.5 mg/mL of dithranol and 0.05% of EDTA or 0.02% of ascorbic acid were prepared by interfacial deposition of preformed polymer and spontaneous emulsification methods, respectively, and evaluated in relation to its physicochemical characteristics (drug content, encapsulation efficiency, pH, mean size, polydispersity index and zeta potential). The nanocapsules, after preparation, showed satisfactory characteristics: drug content near to the theoretical concentration, encapsulation efficiency about 100%, nanometric mean size (220- 250 nm), polydispersity index below 0.25, negative zeta potential, and pH values from 5.6 to 4.4. Instead, low drug content was verified for the nanoemulsions (approximately 80%) after preparation. In photodegradation study against UVA light it was observed a higher stability of the dithranol-loaded nanocapsules comparing to solution containing the free drug (t1/2 = 4 and 1 h for nanocapsule and free drug solution containing EDTA, respectively; t1/2 = 17 and 7,5 h for nanocapsule and free drug solution containing ascorbic acid, respectively). Irritation test by HET-CAM method was conducted to evaluate the safety of the formulations. From the results it was found that nanoencapsulation of the drug decreased its toxicity compared to the effects observed for free drug. Subsequently, hydrogels containing nanocapsules were prepared employing Carbopol® 940 and Aristoflex® AVC as gel-forming polymers. The semisolid formulations showed suitable properties for topical application and higher stability when compared to nanocapsules suspensions and the hydrogel containing the free drug. Furthermore, a higher stability of dithranol was verified for hydrogels prepared with Aristoflex® AVC. / O ditranol é um fármaco muito eficaz no tratamento tópico da psoríase. Entretanto, apresenta alguns efeitos adversos, como irritação e manchas na pele que dificultam sua utilização e adesão dos pacientes ao tratamento. Sua instabilidade frente à luz, altos valores de pH, metais e a presença de oxigênio, configuram, também, um passo limitante para o seu uso. Desta forma, a inclusão do fármaco em nanocarreadores constituiu o principal objetivo deste trabalho. Nanocápsulas de núcleo lipídico e nanoemulsões contendo 0,5 mg/mL de ditranol e 0,05% de EDTA ou 0,02% de ácido ascórbico foram preparadas pelos métodos de deposição interfacial do polímero pré-formado e emulsificação espontânea, respectivamente, e avaliadas em relação as suas características físico-químicas (teor de fármaco, eficiência de encapsulamento, pH, diâmetro médio de partícula, polidispersão e potencial zeta). As nanocápsulas, após preparação, apresentaram características satisfatórias: teor de fármaco próximo ao teórico, eficiência de encapsulamento de, aproximadamente, 100%, diâmetro de partícula na faixa nanométrica (220-250 nm), índice de polidispersão abaixo de 0,25, potencial zeta negativo e valores de pH de 5,6 a 4,4. Ao contrário, um baixo teor de fármaco foi verificado para as nanoemulsões (aproximadamente, 80%) após preparação. No estudo de fotodegradação frente à luz UVA se observou uma maior estabilidade do fármaco nas nanocápsulas em comparação à solução do fármaco livre (t1/2 = 4 e 1 hora para a nanocápsula e solução do fármaco livre contendo EDTA, respectivamente; t1/2 = 17 e 7,5 horas para a nanocápsula e solução do fármaco livre contendo ácido ascórbico, respectivamente). O ensaio de irritação pelo método de HET-CAM foi realizado para a avaliação da segurança das formulações. A partir dos resultados verificou-se que a encapsulação do fármaco diminuiu sua toxicidade em relação aos efeitos observados para o fármaco livre. Posteriormente, hidrogéis contendo as nanocápsulas foram preparados empregando-se Carbopol® 940 e Aristoflex® AVC como polímeros formadores de gel. As formulações semissólidas desenvolvidas apresentaram propriedades adequadas para a aplicação tópica e maior estabilidade quando comparadas às suspensões de nanocápsulas e ao hidrogel contendo o fármaco livre. Além disso, uma maior estabilidade do ditranol foi verificada para os hidrogéis preparados com Aristoflex® AVC.
176

Avaliação de comorbidades em pacientes com psoríase

Menegon, Dóris Baratz January 2011 (has links)
Introdução: A psoríase é uma doença inflamatória crônica, que afeta a pele, couro cabeludo, unhas e ocasionalmente as articulações. A prevalência da psoríase varia de 0,6 a 4,8% na população mundial, afetando homens mulheres igualmente. A doença tem sido associada a um maior risco de desenvolvimento de várias comorbidades. O objetivo desse estudo é avaliar a associação entre psoríase e a presença de comorbidades como hipertensão, diabetes, dislipidemia, obesidade, depressão e os hábitos de fumar e ingerir bebidas alcoólicas. Métodos: Estudo caso-controle (psoríase x não psoriásicos) realizado no ambulatório de Dermatologia do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Foram avaliados os parâmetros de: peso, altura, pressão arterial, circunferência abdominal e diagnóstico de comorbidades. Nos pacientes com psoríase avaliou-se também a estimativa da área corporal acometida. Resultados: O estudo incluiu 350 casos (55,1% mulheres) e 346 controles (63,6% mulheres). A média de idade dos casos em anos foi 49,81 e nos controles 48,5. Os fatores de riscos que apresentaram diferença significativa entre casos e controles estudados foram: cintura abdominal aumentada com p<0,01 e OR=2,1 (IC 95%1,3-3,3); o Índice de Massa Corporal p=0,01 e OR= 1,8 (IC 95%1,1-2,9), tabagismo com p<0,01, OR=2,1 (IC 95%1,4-2,9) e depressão com p < 0,01 e OR=2,1 (IC 95%1,4-3,2). As variáveis triglicerídeos e o consumo habitual de álcool perderam a significância após ajuste para e idade, assim como a hipertensão. Colesterol HDL, diabetes, cardiopatia e comorbidades não listadas não mostraram diferença significativa na amostra. Ao compararmos os pacientes com estimativa de acometimento da área corporal menor e maior que 20%, as comorbidades hipertensão (p=0,03 e OR=1,69 (IC 95% 1,1 - 2,6) e diabetes (p<0,01 e OR= 2,9 (IC 95%1,6-5,4) mostraram diferença significativa. O tabagismo foi mais significativo entre os pacientes com estimativa de acometimento da área corporal menor que 20% (p<0,01 e OR 0,5 (IC 95% 0,3-0,8). As demais variáveis (cardiopatia, síndrome metabólica, depressão, comorbidades não listadas, uso de álcool, cintura abdominal alterada, Índice de Massa Corporal > 25kg/m2, triglicerídeos e colesterol HDL) não mostraram diferença entre os pacientes com maior e menor acometimento da área corporal. Conclusão: Nossos resultados confirmam a prevalência de significantes comorbidades em pacientes com psoríase quando comparado com os controles. Estes achados reforçam a necessidade da implementação de uma rotina de rastreamento para riscos metabólicos e cardiovasculares, assim como orientações sobre o estilo de vida e hábitos saudáveis. / Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the skin, scalp, nails and occasionally the joints. The prevalence of psoriasis varies from 0.6 to 4.8% of the world population and affects men and women alike. The disease has been associated with an increased risk of several comorbidities. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between psoriasis and comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, obesity, depression, smoking and alcohol use. Methods: A case-control study (psoriasis vs. no psoriasis) conducted in the Dermatology Outpatient Service of the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre. The evaluated parameters were: weight, height, blood pressure, waist circumference and diagnosis of comorbidity. In the patients with psoriasis the affected body surface area was also evaluated. Results: The study included 350 cases (55.1% women) and 346 controls (63.6% women). The average age was 49.81 years in the cases and 48.5 in the controls The risk factors that showed significant differences between the studied cases and controls were: increased waist circumference with p <0.01 and OR = 2.1 (95% CI 1.3 to 3.3), Body Mass Index p = 0.01 and OR = 1.8 (95% CI 1.1 to 2.9), smoking with p <0.01, OR = 2.1 (95% CI 1.4 to 2.9) and depression with p <0. 01, and OR = 2.1 (95% CI 1.4 to 3.2). The variables, triglycerides and habitual consumption of alcohol lost significance after adjustment for age and gender, as did hypertension. HDL cholesterol, diabetes, heart disease and non-listed comorbidities showed no significant difference in the sample. When comparing patients with an estimated involved body surface area smaller and larger than 20%, the comorbidities, hypertension (p = 0.03 and OR = 1.69 (95% CI 1.1 - 2.6) and diabetes (p <0.01 and OR = 2.9 (95% CI 1.6 to 5.4) showed a significant difference. Smoking was more significant among patients with an estimated involved body surface area of less than 20% (p <0.01 and OR 0.5 (95% CI 0.3-0.8). With the other variables (heart disease, metabolic syndrome, depression, non-listed comorbidities, alcohol use, altered waist circumference, Body Mass Index > 25kg/m2, triglycerides and HDL cholesterol) there was no apparent difference between patients with smaller or larger affected body surface areas. Conclusion: Our results confirm the significant prevalence of comorbidities in psoriasis patients compared with controls. The patients with more than 20% of the BSA affected are 1.69 times more likely to have hypertension and 2.9 times more likely to have diabetes. These findings reinforce the need to implement routine screening for metabolic and cardiovascular risks, as well as guidance on lifestyle and healthy habits.
177

Avaliação de sintomas depressivos e de ansiedade em cuidadores de pacientes pediátricos com dermatite atópica, psoríase e vitiligo

Manzoni, Ana Paula Dornelles da Silva January 2011 (has links)
Introdução: A literatura tem demonstrado que a presença de distúrbios emocionais nos cuidadores de crianças com dermatoses crônicas influenciam no curso e tratamento da doença. A ansiedade e a depressão estão entre os diagnósticos psiquiátricos mais relacionados, porém a maioria das publicações afere esta relação de forma indireta, através de escalas de qualidade de vida e não de escalas diretas para ansiedade e depressão. Objetivo: Avaliar a presença de ansiedade e depressão nos cuidadores de pacientes pediátricos com dermatite atópica, vitiligo ou psoríase e correlacioná-las à qualidade de vida dos pacientes, à extensão corporal total da doença e à área acometida exposta à visualização. Materiais e Métodos: Amostra composta por 118 pacientes com dermatite atópica, vitiligo e psoríase acompanhados pelo principal responsável por seus cuidados diários. A avaliação da ansiedade nos cuidadores foi realizada através da Escala de Hamilton de Ansiedade e a depressão através do Inventário de Beck para Depressão. Foi aplicado o Índice de Qualidade de Vida na Dermatologia Infantil. Aferiu-se a superfície corporal total acometida pela doença em áreas expostas à visualização através do modelo humano para queimados. Resultados: Ansiedade foi verificada em 36% dos cuidadores do grupo de pacientes com dermatite atópica, em 36% do grupo com psoríase e 42% do grupo com vitiligo. Depressão ocorreu em 36% dos cuidadores de pacientes com dermatite atópica, 36% dos responsáveis pelos pacientes com psoríase, e em 26% dos cuidadores de pacientes com vitiligo. Observou-se uma correlação significativa entre a pior qualidade de vida dos pacientes com vitiligo e a presença de depressão e ansiedade nos seus cuidadores. Quanto maior a superfície corporal total comprometida pela psoríase maior o índice de depressão e ansiedade nos seus cuidadores, e quanto maior superfície corporal em áreas expostas à visualização nos pacientes com vitiligo, maior a presença de ansiedade nos seus cuidadores. Na análise comparativa da qualidade de vida entre os três grupos de pacientes portadores de dermatoses, verificou-se que os pacientes com dermatite atópica e psoríase têm qualidade de vida significativamente piores que os portadores de vitiligo. Conclusão: A presença de ansiedade e depressão nos cuidadores de pacientes com vitiligo foi significativamente relacionada a uma pior qualidade de vida dos pacientes e a uma maior extensão da doença exposta à visualização. Entre os cuidadores de pacientes com psoríase, observaram-se maiores índices de depressão e ansiedade diante da maior superfície corporal total comprometida pela doença. Porém, os piores escores de qualidade de vida foram identificados entre os pacientes atópicos. Assim, acreditamos que distúrbios emocionais tendem a estar presentes no nicho familiar de crianças portadoras das dermatoses crônicas estudadas. / Introduction: The literature has shown that the presence of emotional disturbances in caregivers of children with skin diseases affects the course and treatment of the disease. Anxiety and depression are among the most frequently reported psychiatric diagnoses related to this fact. However, most publications have attempted to gauge this relationship indirectly by using quality of life scales rather than direct scales developed for the evaluation of anxiety and depression. Objective: To evaluate the presence of anxiety and depression in caregivers of 118 pediatric patients with chronic skin disorders, exemplified by atopic dermatitis, psoriasis and vitiligo, and correlate them to the quality of life of the patients, total body area affected by the disease and the extent of that affected area exposed to view. Methods: The sample consisted of patients with atopic dermatitis, vitiligo and psoriasis accompanied by their main caregiver. The levels of anxiety and depression in the caregivers were assessed using the Hamilton Anxiety Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory, respectively. The validated for Portuguese Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index was applied. The total body surface affected by the disease and the area exposed to view were measured using the human model for burn patients. Results: Anxiety was observed in 36% of the caregivers of the patients with atopic dermatitis, 36% of those of children affected by psoriasis and 42% of those responsible for pediatric patients with vitiligo. Depression occurred in 36% of the caregivers of patients with atopic dermatitis, 36% of those of children affected by psoriasis and 26% of those responsible for pediatric patients with vitiligo affected. There was a significant correlation between poor quality of life scores in patients with vitiligo and the presence of depression and anxiety in their caregivers. The greater the total body surface affected by psoriasis the higher the rate of depression and anxiety in their caregivers. For vitiligo, extensive surface body area corresponded to more intense anxiety in their caregivers. In the comparative analysis of the quality of life between the three groups of dermatoses, the quality of life of patients with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis was significantly worse than for those affected by vitiligo. Conclusion: The presence of anxiety and depression in caregivers of patients with vitiligo was significantly related to the lower quality of life of the patients and the greater extent of disease exposed to view. Among caregivers of patients with psoriasis, the larger total body surface affected by the disease, the higher were the observed levels of depression and anxiety. However, the worst quality of life scores were identified among atopic patients. Thus, we believe that emotional disorders tend to be present in the close family of children with the studied chronic skin diseases.
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Avaliação de comorbidades em pacientes com psoríase

Menegon, Dóris Baratz January 2011 (has links)
Introdução: A psoríase é uma doença inflamatória crônica, que afeta a pele, couro cabeludo, unhas e ocasionalmente as articulações. A prevalência da psoríase varia de 0,6 a 4,8% na população mundial, afetando homens mulheres igualmente. A doença tem sido associada a um maior risco de desenvolvimento de várias comorbidades. O objetivo desse estudo é avaliar a associação entre psoríase e a presença de comorbidades como hipertensão, diabetes, dislipidemia, obesidade, depressão e os hábitos de fumar e ingerir bebidas alcoólicas. Métodos: Estudo caso-controle (psoríase x não psoriásicos) realizado no ambulatório de Dermatologia do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Foram avaliados os parâmetros de: peso, altura, pressão arterial, circunferência abdominal e diagnóstico de comorbidades. Nos pacientes com psoríase avaliou-se também a estimativa da área corporal acometida. Resultados: O estudo incluiu 350 casos (55,1% mulheres) e 346 controles (63,6% mulheres). A média de idade dos casos em anos foi 49,81 e nos controles 48,5. Os fatores de riscos que apresentaram diferença significativa entre casos e controles estudados foram: cintura abdominal aumentada com p<0,01 e OR=2,1 (IC 95%1,3-3,3); o Índice de Massa Corporal p=0,01 e OR= 1,8 (IC 95%1,1-2,9), tabagismo com p<0,01, OR=2,1 (IC 95%1,4-2,9) e depressão com p < 0,01 e OR=2,1 (IC 95%1,4-3,2). As variáveis triglicerídeos e o consumo habitual de álcool perderam a significância após ajuste para e idade, assim como a hipertensão. Colesterol HDL, diabetes, cardiopatia e comorbidades não listadas não mostraram diferença significativa na amostra. Ao compararmos os pacientes com estimativa de acometimento da área corporal menor e maior que 20%, as comorbidades hipertensão (p=0,03 e OR=1,69 (IC 95% 1,1 - 2,6) e diabetes (p<0,01 e OR= 2,9 (IC 95%1,6-5,4) mostraram diferença significativa. O tabagismo foi mais significativo entre os pacientes com estimativa de acometimento da área corporal menor que 20% (p<0,01 e OR 0,5 (IC 95% 0,3-0,8). As demais variáveis (cardiopatia, síndrome metabólica, depressão, comorbidades não listadas, uso de álcool, cintura abdominal alterada, Índice de Massa Corporal > 25kg/m2, triglicerídeos e colesterol HDL) não mostraram diferença entre os pacientes com maior e menor acometimento da área corporal. Conclusão: Nossos resultados confirmam a prevalência de significantes comorbidades em pacientes com psoríase quando comparado com os controles. Estes achados reforçam a necessidade da implementação de uma rotina de rastreamento para riscos metabólicos e cardiovasculares, assim como orientações sobre o estilo de vida e hábitos saudáveis. / Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the skin, scalp, nails and occasionally the joints. The prevalence of psoriasis varies from 0.6 to 4.8% of the world population and affects men and women alike. The disease has been associated with an increased risk of several comorbidities. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between psoriasis and comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, obesity, depression, smoking and alcohol use. Methods: A case-control study (psoriasis vs. no psoriasis) conducted in the Dermatology Outpatient Service of the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre. The evaluated parameters were: weight, height, blood pressure, waist circumference and diagnosis of comorbidity. In the patients with psoriasis the affected body surface area was also evaluated. Results: The study included 350 cases (55.1% women) and 346 controls (63.6% women). The average age was 49.81 years in the cases and 48.5 in the controls The risk factors that showed significant differences between the studied cases and controls were: increased waist circumference with p <0.01 and OR = 2.1 (95% CI 1.3 to 3.3), Body Mass Index p = 0.01 and OR = 1.8 (95% CI 1.1 to 2.9), smoking with p <0.01, OR = 2.1 (95% CI 1.4 to 2.9) and depression with p <0. 01, and OR = 2.1 (95% CI 1.4 to 3.2). The variables, triglycerides and habitual consumption of alcohol lost significance after adjustment for age and gender, as did hypertension. HDL cholesterol, diabetes, heart disease and non-listed comorbidities showed no significant difference in the sample. When comparing patients with an estimated involved body surface area smaller and larger than 20%, the comorbidities, hypertension (p = 0.03 and OR = 1.69 (95% CI 1.1 - 2.6) and diabetes (p <0.01 and OR = 2.9 (95% CI 1.6 to 5.4) showed a significant difference. Smoking was more significant among patients with an estimated involved body surface area of less than 20% (p <0.01 and OR 0.5 (95% CI 0.3-0.8). With the other variables (heart disease, metabolic syndrome, depression, non-listed comorbidities, alcohol use, altered waist circumference, Body Mass Index > 25kg/m2, triglycerides and HDL cholesterol) there was no apparent difference between patients with smaller or larger affected body surface areas. Conclusion: Our results confirm the significant prevalence of comorbidities in psoriasis patients compared with controls. The patients with more than 20% of the BSA affected are 1.69 times more likely to have hypertension and 2.9 times more likely to have diabetes. These findings reinforce the need to implement routine screening for metabolic and cardiovascular risks, as well as guidance on lifestyle and healthy habits.
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Intercellular calcium-mediated cell signaling in keratinocytes cultured from patients with NF1 or psoriasis

Korkiamäki, T. (Timo) 27 September 2002 (has links)
Abstract Neurofibromatosis type 1 syndrome (NF1) is caused by mutations of the NF1 gene. The NF1 protein (neurofibromin) contains a domain which is related to the GTPase-activating protein (GAP) and accelerates the switch of active Ras-GTP to inactive Ras-GDP. The NF1 protein has been referred to as a tumor suppressor, since the cells of malignant schwannomas of NF1 patients may display a loss of heterozygosity of the NF1 gene. Psoriasis is characterized by hyperproliferation of the epidermis and by down-regulated levels of NF1 mRNA and protein. Ca2+ is an universal signal transduction element modulating cell growth and differentiation. Many cell types coordinate their activities by transmitting waves of elevated intracellular calcium levels from cell to cell. The propagation of calcium waves had not been studied previously in human keratinocytes. Thus, the aim of the present study was to find out which pathways may play a role in Ca2+ signaling at different extracellular calcium concentrations in NF1 and and psoriatic keratinocytes versus normal control keratinocytes. The results demonstrated that NF1 and psoriatic keratinocytes have a tendency to form cultures characterized by altered Ca2+-mediated cell signaling compared to normal keratinocytes. Specifically, the main route of calcium-mediated signaling was gap-junctional in normal keratinocytes. In contrast, ATP-mediated calcium signaling predominated and capacitative calcium influx was defective in NF1 and psoriatic keratinocytes. The results of the present study suggest that mutations of the NF1 tumor suppressor gene or lowered levels of NF1 protein/mRNA may eventually lead to altered intercellular communication.
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NF1 tumor suppressor in epidermal differentiation and growth - implications for wound epithelialization and psoriasis

Koivunen, J. (Jussi) 03 August 2003 (has links)
Abstract Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a dominantly inherited neurocutaneous disorder caused by mutations in the NF1 gene. Common clinical manifestations associated with NF1 are neurofibromas, café-au-lait macules (CALM), axillary freckling and Lisch nodules of the iris. Other important manifestations are vasculopathy, a variety of osseous lesions, including short stature, scoliosis and pseudoarthrosis, optic gliomas and an increased risk for certain malignancies. The best characterized function of the NF1 gene is to act as a downregulator of Ras proto-oncogene signalling by accelerating the switch of active Ras-GTP into inactive Ras-GDP. The NF1 gene is considered a tumor suppressor since some malignancies may display a loss of heterozygosity or homozygotic inactivation of the gene. The present study investigated the behaviour and function of the NF1 gene during keratinocyte differentiation, wound healing and psoriasis using human epidermis and epidermal keratinocytes as a model. The NF1 protein was shown to associate with the intermediate filament network during keratinocyte differentiation both in vitro and in vivo, and it is thus suggested to play a role in the cytoskeletal re-organization or in the formation of cell adhesions. NF1 gene expression was also studied in psoriasis, in which keratinocytes are hyperproliferative and cell differentiation is altered. NF1 gene expression was downregulated in psoriatic keratinocytes both in vivo and in vitro, suggesting that the NF1 gene might have role in downregulating keratinocyte proliferation. During epidermal wound healing, NF1 gene expression was increased. However, the process of wound healing showed no apparent differences between NF1 patients and controls. Furthermore, an increased number of cells immunoreactive for active Ras-MAPK was demonstrated in vascular tissues of NF1 patients, but not in epidermal keratinocytes or dermal fibroblasts. The finding suggests that the NF1 protein functions as a Ras-GAP in some, but not all tissues.

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