Afrikaans text / As sielkundige in privaat praktyk neem die navorser waar dat 'n negatiewe selfkonsep onderliggend is tot verskeie aanmeldingsprobleme, asook die kind se onvermoe om te aktualiseer, ten einde sy volle potensiaal te bereik. Opvoedkundige sielkundiges het 'n behoefte geidentifiseer aan hulpverleningsingrepe om die probleem aan te spreek. Dit het gelei tot die daarstel van 'n model: "Model vir psigoterapeutiese vaardigheidsopleiding aan die kind met die oog op selfkonsepverbetering". Hierdie model het die opheffing van selfkonsepgebreke, deur middel van psigoterapeutiese vaardigheidsopleiding, ten doel. Die model is saamgestel vanuit die navorser se praktykervaring en 'n literatuurstudie wat gelei bet tot die samestelling van konseptuele raamwerke vir selfkonsep en psigoterapeutiese vaardigheidsopleiding. Seltkonsepgebreke is in hierdie studie in verband gebring met vaardigheidstekorte. Dit bet daartoe gelei dat selfkonsepgebreke aangespreek kon word deur gebruik te maak van vaardigheidsopleiding. Die slotsom waartoe gekom is, is dat daar 'n verbetering in die selfkonsep van kinders in die middelkinderjare plaasgevind bet met die toepassing van die model. Volgens opvoedkundige sielkundiges in privaatpraktyk le die waarde van die model en die riglyne vir die operasionalisering daarvan, daarin dat dit praktiese toepassingswaarde bet in die proses van hulpverlening. / As a psychologist in private practice, the researcher notices that a negative self-concept is underlying to several initial reported problems, as well as the child's inability to actualize in order to reach his full potential. Educational psychologists identified the necessity for supportive intervention to address this problem. This has led to the establishing of a model: "Model for psychotherapeutic skills training for the child with the purpose of improving self-concept". This model aims to relinquish self-concept shortcomings by means of psychotherapeutic skills training. This model has been constructed from the researcher's experience in her practice as well as a literature study, which led to the compilation of conceptual frameworks for self-concept and psychotherapeutic skills training. In this study, self-concept shortcomings have been linked to the lack of skills. This has resulted in self-concept shortcomings to be addressed by skills training. The conclusion which has been reached is that there is an improvement in the self-concept of children in mid-childhood years with the implementation of the model. According to educational psychologists in private practice, the value of the model and the guidelines for the implementation thereof, lie in the the fact that the model has practical applicational worth in the process of rendering support. / Psychology of Education / D. Ed. (Psychology of Education)

This study is an investigation into the effective utilisation of Mmaskitlane, a psychotherapeutic African indigenous narrative play technique. The investigation was carried out with six primary school learners in the Tshwane North District of Education in Gauteng Province. The learners were referred for emotional problems and the play was used to enhance emotional healing. The technique was used in both its forms, namely, one which involves learners hitting one stone with another as they narrate their stories, and the other where learners draw symbols representing the characters in their stories. In order to render culturally appropriate services, therapy was carried out in the clients’ mother tongue which was mainly seTswana. The investigation adopted a constructivist interpretivist paradigm, involving the use of a qualitative research design that made use of multiple case studies. Because the research question explored a relatively new research area and there was the possibility of new literature coming up during the process of the study, case studies allowed for a certain flexibility. Qualitative analysis showed how Mmaskitlane helped participants to express global children’s beliefs, such as blaming themselves for dysfunctions occurring in their families and feeling guilty as a result. Through thematic analysis the clients were able to process and express their negative emotions and as a result catharsis was enhanced. The main focus of the study was on how Mmaskitlane could be best utilised in play therapy to achieve the above-mentioned effects. Ultimately, the findings were twofold, namely, that therapists could either be actively involved as participant players of the game during therapy, or secondly, that those who would rather not play along with the clients could be actively involved as participant observers, engaging only in the question and answer stage of the game. This investigation enabled me to effectively document guidelines for ways in which therapists can use Mmaskitlane effectively in play therapy. / Psychology of Education / D. Ed. (Psychology of Education)

The thesis deals with the chaplaincy role, taking into consideration man´s religious dimension in a specific Czech Republic Armed Forces environment. It conducts a survey of military chaplaincy history at first, from a biblical ages to the present days and outlines possibilities for it´s further orientation. It deals with a cornerstone of the chaplaincy services afterwords, which is chaplain´s personality and his particular roles. The thesis subsequently analyses the subject of ethics of a soldier as well as marginally deals with the theme of war defense and pacifism. The end of the thesis describes stress and it´s impact to a soldier, including consequences of such an impact and it is dealing with the question of the military chaplaincy role, during following care about soldiers, affected by post traumatic stress disorder, in a context of holistic philosophy. Comparing and assessing the obtained information, this thesis finds out, if the military chaplaincy has an irreplaceable position in the Czech Republic Armed Forces.

Standardisation of professional work is a major policy concern to ensure quality and efficiency of services and a number of hospitals are now focusing on the use of clinical pathways as an important tool to standardise their work. This study sheds light on the processes set in motion when notions of standardisation meet local practice. In order to gain insight into what clinical pathways mean for professional work in mental health care, the focus of the study was to explore the contexts in which standardisation by “rule production” takes place. Two empirical cases from Norwegian mental health care show how dedicated professionals are in charge of carrying out the standardisation work, strongly influenced by a steering framework of defined governmental policies where employee involvement and responsibility ensured loyalty to the idea.  Along with a “package” of ideas, new bodies and techniques, clinical pathways contribute to the institutionalisation of prima facie knowledge in demonstrating that evidence basing is linked to steering and control of employees. Thus, professional autonomy is threatened in an insidious way: through the institutionalisation of evidence-based knowledge as ‘prima facie’ knowledge in combination with professionals who standardise and control their own work. The thesis therefore concludes that the control of professional work has now become a complex and sophisticated process where professional work is “controlled by knowledge”.

Summaries in Afrikaans and English / Text in Afrikaans / Die effek van die nuwe Suid-Afrikaanse bedeling kring uit na alle samelewingsterreine en die onderwys is nie hiervan uitgesluit nie. Hierdie navorsing is daarop toegespits om ondersoek in te stel na die funksionering en strukturering van, en nuwe moontlik:hede vir sielkundige en voorligtingsdienste. Met die skrapping van die apartheidsbeleid is sielkundige en voorligtingsdienste voor die werklik:heid gestel om in 'n multikulturele sarnelewing te funksioneer. In Suid-Afrika is multikulturele berading, hulpverlening en toetsing 'n haas onbekende terrein en die probleme word in hierdie navorsing aangespreek. In onderhawige studie is daar gekyk na die veranderende funksies van die opvoedkundige sielkundige en ander professionele persone verbonde aan skoolklinieke. Die besondere rol van die skoolvoorligter en die klasonderwyser is uitgelig. , Die nuwe politieke bedeling verg die herstrukturering van sielkundige en voorligtingsdienste. Die verskillende tersaaklike aspekte is bespreek en voorstelle is aan die hand gedoen. Oorkoepelende beplanning behoort op nasionale vlak te geskied, terwyl provinsiale strukture binne die raarnwerk van eiesoortige omstandighede en unieke behoeftes tot stand moet kom. Die onontbeerlike rol en funksie van hierdie diens en sy essensiele bydrae in die totstandkoming van 'n nuwe Suid-Afrikaanse onderwysbedeling is uitgewys. / The effect of the new South-African dispensation extends to all areas of society and education is not excluded. This research is aimed at investigating the functioning and structuring of psychological and counselling services as well as exploring the new possibilities of these services. With the scrapping of apartheid policies the psychological and counselling services are faced with the reality of functioning in a multicultural society. In South-Africa multicultural counselling, assistance and testing is a virtually unknown area and problems pertaining to these are addressed in this research. In the present study the changing functions of the educational psychologist and other professionals adherent to the school clinics are considered. The particular roles of the school counsellor and class teacher are highlighted. The new political dispensation requires the re-structuring of psychological and counselling services. The different relevant aspects are discussed and suggestions are put forward. Umbrella planning needs to be done on national level, while provincial structures must be brought about within the framework of distinctive circumstances and unique needs. The indispensable role and function of this service and its essential contribution to the bringing about of a new South-African education dispensation are pointed out. / Educational Studies / D. Ed.

No description available.

This study explores the world of human conflict in the workplace, the workplace (in this case) being a South African university. Using the academic tools of ethnography and autoethnography, I investigate the dimensions of human conflict management, which include intrapersonal, interpersonal and intra-group conflict management, from a psychological perspective. In this thesis I refer, in particular, to examples and extractions taken from case studies that focus on conflicts between employees. In doing so I used an eclectic, psychodynamic theoretical frame of reference. The data was collected and processed over a period of fourteen years. Another focus of this thesis is my reflections on my personal development as a counselling psychologist specialising in intrapersonal, interpersonal and intra-group conflict management within an institutional organisation. The participants‟ stories revealed intense emotional experiences and I have put forward suggestions on how these experiences could be explored and dealt with by means of psychologically orientated techniques and interventions within the boundaries of the ethical codes and values of counselling psychology. My eclectic choice of brief psychotherapy, strengths-based counselling, and psychodynamic-based intrapersonal, interpersonal and intra-group interventions are included in my personal narrative. This study serves only as a guideline to other counselling psychologists who deal with human conflicts in similar situations. I have not tried to present a generalised theory. In this study, I argue strongly that there is indeed a place for counselling psychologists and the application of psychological knowledge in the world of human resources departments in organisations. I believe that counselling psychologists can operate, alternatively, as individual counselling psychologists, workshop facilitators and co-facilitators, as consultants, and as members of multidisciplinary teams to address, among other, conflict management in a tertiary institution. / Psychology / D. Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)

This study explores the world of human conflict in the workplace, the workplace (in this case) being a South African university. Using the academic tools of ethnography and autoethnography, I investigate the dimensions of human conflict management, which include intrapersonal, interpersonal and intra-group conflict management, from a psychological perspective. In this thesis I refer, in particular, to examples and extractions taken from case studies that focus on conflicts between employees. In doing so I used an eclectic, psychodynamic theoretical frame of reference. The data was collected and processed over a period of fourteen years. Another focus of this thesis is my reflections on my personal development as a counselling psychologist specialising in intrapersonal, interpersonal and intra-group conflict management within an institutional organisation. The participants‟ stories revealed intense emotional experiences and I have put forward suggestions on how these experiences could be explored and dealt with by means of psychologically orientated techniques and interventions within the boundaries of the ethical codes and values of counselling psychology. My eclectic choice of brief psychotherapy, strengths-based counselling, and psychodynamic-based intrapersonal, interpersonal and intra-group interventions are included in my personal narrative. This study serves only as a guideline to other counselling psychologists who deal with human conflicts in similar situations. I have not tried to present a generalised theory. In this study, I argue strongly that there is indeed a place for counselling psychologists and the application of psychological knowledge in the world of human resources departments in organisations. I believe that counselling psychologists can operate, alternatively, as individual counselling psychologists, workshop facilitators and co-facilitators, as consultants, and as members of multidisciplinary teams to address, among other, conflict management in a tertiary institution. / Psychology / D. Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)

Summaries in Afrikaans and Engish / The aim of this research was to explore the emotional experience of grade 7 learners in a gang afflicted area. The researcher further investigated how the learners experience this gang violence and how they give meaning to it The researcher also examined the possible ways in which the educational psychologist could assist these learners in actualising their full potential. A literature study of relevant sources has been undertaken to establish the theoretical context of the gang related problem. Two groups of 8 grade 7 learners were used as respondents in the empirical study. The qualitative research method has been used and the researcher made use of focus groups and interviews as measuring instruments. The results of the empirical study have shown that learners experience gang violence negatively when they are exposed to it on a regular basis and that it impacts negatively on their performance at school. / Die doel van hierdie ondersoek was om die emosionele belewing van graad 7-leerders in 'n bendegeteisterde gebied te ondersoek. Daar is ook ondersoek ingestel na die belewing van leerders van die bendegeweld en op watter wyse hulle daaraan betekenis gee. Voorts is daar ook gekyk na moontlike hulpverlening aan hierdie bendegeteisterde leerders deur die opvoedkundige sieikundige ten einde die leerders te help om hulle volle potensiaal te verwesenlik. 'n Literatuurstudie van relevante kontemporere bronne is onderneem om die teoretiese konteks van die bendeprobleem te bepaal. Vir die empiriese ondersoek is daar twee groepe van 8 leerders elk uit 'n graad 7-klas as respondente gebruik. Die kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetode is gebruik en daar is spesifiek gefokus op fokusgroepe en die voer van onderhoude. Die resultate uit die empiriese ondersoek het getoon dat leerders die gereele blootstelling aan bendegeweid negatief beleef en dat dit negatief op hulle skoolwerk impakteer. / Psychology of Education / M.Ed. (Specialisation in Guidance and Counselling)

Summaries in Afrikaans and Engish / The aim of this research was to explore the emotional experience of grade 7 learners in a gang afflicted area. The researcher further investigated how the learners experience this gang violence and how they give meaning to it The researcher also examined the possible ways in which the educational psychologist could assist these learners in actualising their full potential. A literature study of relevant sources has been undertaken to establish the theoretical context of the gang related problem. Two groups of 8 grade 7 learners were used as respondents in the empirical study. The qualitative research method has been used and the researcher made use of focus groups and interviews as measuring instruments. The results of the empirical study have shown that learners experience gang violence negatively when they are exposed to it on a regular basis and that it impacts negatively on their performance at school. / Die doel van hierdie ondersoek was om die emosionele belewing van graad 7-leerders in 'n bendegeteisterde gebied te ondersoek. Daar is ook ondersoek ingestel na die belewing van leerders van die bendegeweld en op watter wyse hulle daaraan betekenis gee. Voorts is daar ook gekyk na moontlike hulpverlening aan hierdie bendegeteisterde leerders deur die opvoedkundige sieikundige ten einde die leerders te help om hulle volle potensiaal te verwesenlik. 'n Literatuurstudie van relevante kontemporere bronne is onderneem om die teoretiese konteks van die bendeprobleem te bepaal. Vir die empiriese ondersoek is daar twee groepe van 8 leerders elk uit 'n graad 7-klas as respondente gebruik. Die kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetode is gebruik en daar is spesifiek gefokus op fokusgroepe en die voer van onderhoude. Die resultate uit die empiriese ondersoek het getoon dat leerders die gereele blootstelling aan bendegeweid negatief beleef en dat dit negatief op hulle skoolwerk impakteer. / Psychology of Education / M.Ed. (Specialisation in Guidance and Counselling)