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Submitted by Jadson Francisco de Jesus SILVA (jadson@uefs.br) on 2018-07-10T22:03:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O FINAL- P?S DEFESA - IMPRESS?O.pdf: 1800251 bytes, checksum: 518e8a65347ed6cf3489ced530360498 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-10T22:03:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O FINAL- P?S DEFESA - IMPRESS?O.pdf: 1800251 bytes, checksum: 518e8a65347ed6cf3489ced530360498 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-02 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia - FAPEB / Introduction: The use of psychoactive substances (SPA) is an integral phenomenon in the history of mankind and in today's society added to the contexts of vulnerabilities and risks, particularly those experienced by adolescents, has produced impacts to the physical, psychic and emotional health of users. Objective: To describe the sociodemographic characteristics, the general context of the street situation and the factors with the risk and protection of drug abuse among adolescents in the street. Methodology: Descriptive cross-sectional study with 86 adolescents in a street situation aged 12 to 19 years, using territorial mapping and using the Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS) technique. Results: The recognition of the plurality of ways of life, the characteristics of the surveyed territories and the itinerant experiences of street adolescents influence the determination of the limits and possibilities of the Respondent Driven Sampling technique (RDS); was observed that 23.3% of respondents went to the streets for more than 5 years, socioeconomic difficulties and family conflicts concentrated the major reasons for going to the streets, 47.7% and 33.7% respectively. The prevalence of alcohol and tobacco use was 53.50% and 36, respectively, among the illicit drugs marijuana stood out with a higher prevalence of 27.90%. Conclusion: The findings related to the difficulties of the family context and the high prevalence for the use of SPA, especially alcohol and marijuana, awaken the need for preventive work and care to the referred population, whose work on the streets of the urban center exposes them to the various risks and health hazards. / Introdu??o: O uso de subst?ncias psicoativas (SPA) ? fen?meno integrante da hist?ria da humanidade e que na sociedade atual, somado aos contextos de vulnerabilidades e riscos, particularmente os vivenciados por adolescentes, tem produzido impactos ? sa?de f?sica, ps?quica e emocional dos usu?rios. Objetivo: Descrever as caracter?sticas sociodemogr?ficas, o contexto geral da situa??o de rua e os fatores de risco e ? prote??o do uso indevido de drogas, entre adolescentes em situa??o de rua. Metodologia: Estudo transversal descritivo, realizado com 86 adolescentes em situa??o de rua, com idade entre 12 a 19 anos, atrav?s de mapeamento territorial e utilizando-se da t?cnica Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS). Resultados: O reconhecimento da pluralidade de modos de vida, as caracter?sticas dos territ?rios pesquisados e viv?ncias itinerantes dos adolescentes em situa??o de rua influenciam na determina??o dos limites e possibilidades da t?cnica Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS). Observou-se que 23,3% dos entrevistados frequentam a rua h? mais de 5 anos, as dificuldades socioecon?micas e os conflitos familiares concentraram/s?o os maiores motivos de sa?da para as ruas, 47,7% e 33,7%, respectivamente. A preval?ncia do uso de ?lcool e tabaco foi de 53,5% e 36%, respectivamente, dentre as drogas il?citas, a maconha se destacou, com maior preval?ncia, 27,9%. Conclus?o: Os achados relacionados ?s dificuldades do contexto familiar e a alta preval?ncia para o uso de SPA, especialmente ?lcool e maconha, desperta para necessidade de trabalho preventivo e de cuidado ? referida popula??o, cujo trabalho nas ruas do centro urbano os exp?e aos diversos riscos e agravos sa?de.

Submitted by SBI Biblioteca Digital (sbi.bibliotecadigital@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2017-04-04T13:35:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 KAINARA SILVA DA CUNHA.pdf: 4382186 bytes, checksum: 5903094e0138ceaa973c86523ff0f8d9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-04T13:35:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KAINARA SILVA DA CUNHA.pdf: 4382186 bytes, checksum: 5903094e0138ceaa973c86523ff0f8d9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-06 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas ? PUC Campinas / Child overweight and obesity have been growing at a significant rate, and studies point towards family participation as crucial to reach an efficient treatment, by its virtue as the main influence on the child. This study analyzed a few parental variables related to adherence to overweight/obesity (OOB) treatment of children between 5 and 11 years, such as the family?s psychosocial risk, feeding control standards, the stressors and the strategies for coping with Pediatrics and Endocrinology outpatient treatment of a university teaching hospital. There were 19 participants, most of them mothers of children with obesity. The participants had 37 years on average, and most were married or in a stable relationship, and also presented obesity. They individually answered these instruments: Research Participant Characterization Form, Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT2.0), Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire (CPFQ), and Parental Coping Protocol for Child Overweight/Obesity, specially elaborated for the study, based on Coping Motivational Theory. For weight and height measurements, the instruments used were a portable scale and a stadiometer. The results show that all families are at psychosocial risk, especially the single mothers. Most families were forwarded to professional interventions, such as Targeted (52,6%) and Clinical (21,1%). The biggest risk set families apart at the average PAT2.0 score and especially with regards to social support, problems in family structure and resources, and problems in the family and with the child. A positive, moderate-to-high relation between the mother?s physical activity and the child?s was observed. Reported parental practice of feeding control was one of incitement towards experimentation and healthy consumption, and towards quantitative and qualitative restriction of food choices; although families at ?clinical? psychosocial risk use food as reward more often. The bigger the psychosocial risk, the less the child is involved in family meals. The most common stressor is feeding control. Those guardians deal with child obesity with more adaptive coping strategies, such as: Self-Confidence, Support-Seeking, Information-Seeking and Problem Resolution. However, significant correlations between higher psychosocial risk and maladaptive Opposition coping were observed, such as a reaction to a perceived threat to the guardian?s need for autonomy. The most common emotional reactions are sadness and fear, with correlations between reactions of anger and sadness, indicating that negative affect is the coping basis of the guardians, making problem resolution and adherence to treatment more difficult. All sample participants are at psychosocial risk, but set apart by risk, indicating a necessity of specific interventions. The study results provide information for an intervention directed by social, emotional and coping characteristics of the families? obesity treatment. / O sobrepeso e a obesidade infantil v?m crescendo de forma significativa, e estudos apontam ? participa??o da fam?lia como crucial para atingir um tratamento eficaz, pelo fato da mesma ser a principal fonte de influ?ncia da crian?a. Este estudo analisou algumas vari?veis parentais relacionadas ? ades?o ao tratamento do sobrepeso/obesidade (SOB) dos filhos com idade entre cinco e 11 anos, como os riscos psicossociais da fam?lia, o padr?o de controle alimentar, os estressores e as estrat?gias de enfrentamento do tratamento ambulatorial de Pediatria e Endocrinologia de um hospital universit?rio. Participaram 19 familiares, a maioria m?es de crian?as com obesidade. Os participantes tinham 37 anos, em m?dia, sendo a maioria casada ou em rela??o est?vel, e apresentavam tamb?m obesidade. Responderam individualmente os instrumentos: Ficha de Caracteriza??o do Participante para Pesquisa; Instrumento de Avalia??o Psicossocial (PAT 2.0), Question?rio de Pr?ticas Alimentares (CFPQ) e Protocolo de Enfrentamento Parental do Sobrepeso/Obesidade Infantil, especialmente elaborado para o estudo, com base na Teoria Motivacional do Coping. Para medidas de peso e altura, foram usados uma balan?a port?til e estadi?metro. Os resultados mostram que todas as fam?lias est?o em risco psicossocial, especialmente as m?es solteiras. A maioria das fam?lias foi indicada para interven??o profissional, como Alvo (52,6%) e Cl?nico (21,1%). O maior risco diferenciou as fam?lias na m?dia geral do PAT 2.0 e especialmente em rela??o ao suporte social, problemas na estrutura familiar e recursos, problemas na fam?lia e com a crian?a. Constatou-se uma rela??o positiva e moderada-alta entre a atividade f?sica da m?e e do filho. A pr?tica parental de controle da alimenta??o relatada ? de incentivo ? experimenta??o e consumo saud?vel, e ? restri??o de escolha quantitativa e qualitativa de alimentos; mas fam?lias em risco psicossocial ?cl?nico? usam mais a comida como recompensa. Quanto maior o risco psicossocial, menor ? o envolvimento da crian?a com as refei??es em fam?lia. Os estressores mais frequentes s?o o controle alimentar. Esses cuidadores lidam com a obesidade do filho com estrat?gias enfrentamento mais adaptativas, como: Autoconfian?a, Busca de Suporte, Busca de Informa??o e Resolu??o de Problemas. Contudo, observou-se correla??es significativas entre maior risco psicossocial e coping mal adaptativo de Oposi??o, como uma rea??o a uma percep??o de amea?a ? necessidade de autonomia do cuidador. As rea??es emocionais mais comuns s?o de tristeza e medo, havendo correla??es entre rea??es de raiva e tristeza, indicando que o afeto negativo ? a base do enfrentamento dos cuidadores, dificultando a resolu??o do problema e a ades?o ao tratamento. Todos os participantes da amostra est?o em risco psicossocial familiar, mas diferenciados quanto ao risco, indicativo da necessidade de interven??es espec?ficas. Os resultados do estudo fornecem subs?dios para uma interven??o direcionada ?s caracter?sticas psicossociais, emocionais e de enfrentamento do tratamento da obesidade pelas fam?lias.

Preterm birth (PTB) and low birthweight (LBW) babies are the source of a large burden of infant, neonatal, and childhood morbidity. The purpose of this project was to expand the use of the CenteringPregnancyTM Group Prenatal Care Model as an evidence-based intervention for management of both medical and psychosocial risk in low-income, ethnic and racial minorities in New York City. The standardized model developed by Schindler Rising decreases the incidence of preterm birth and low birthweight and increases the rate of breastfeeding. A CenteringPregnancyTM program implementation plan, customized to meet the needs of a multisite urban hospital system, was coordinated with the Centering Healthcare Institute to ensure method fidelity while allowing for an individual site's needs based upon patient demographics and provider mix. Program evaluation showed that the logic models supported implementation and expansion of Centering Groups at 2 federally qualified health centers, with adequate progress toward site approval, method fidelity scores, and favorable patient and staff satisfaction ratings using the CenteringCountsTM data collection system. After a total of 4 Centering group cohorts with 26 women, 7 at high medical risk, 4 delivered preterm (11.5%), 2.3% less than the institutional average PTB rate of 13.8%. One out of 26 women delivered a LBW infant. Twenty-two of 24 women (92%) initiated breastfeeding compared to the institutional average of 89%. To foster a change in policy toward Centering as the default option for prenatal care, ongoing evaluation is required to assess the reduction of and fiscal impact on preterm and low birthweight rates to offset the cost of implementation.

Este trabajo parte del interés que tienen los factores de riesgo psicosocial en el ámbito laboral. Se divide en dos apartados. En el primero, teórico, incluye la conceptualización, clasificación y consecuencias de los factores de riesgo psicosocial en el trabajo; y se analiza el acoso psicológico en el trabajo (mobbing) como un factor que debe ser incluido en la evaluación de los factores de riesgo psicosocial, a continuación, se describen los instrumentos de evaluación que se están utilizando dentro del marco de la prevención, y por último, se describe el sector hortofrutícola. En el segundo, empírico, se exponen los objetivos, el método, los resultados, y la discusión. La muestra está compuesta por 638 trabajadores pertenecientes a cinco empresas del sector hortofrutícola. El resultado de esta investigación es la adaptación de un cuestionario de evaluación de los factores de riesgo psicosocial para el sector hortofrutícola que incluye el mobbing como factor de riesgo. / This study parts of the interest those psychosocial risk factors in the workplace. This work is divided into two sections. In the first, theoretical, including the conceptualization, classification and consequences of psychosocial risk factors at workplace, and discusses the psychological harassment at work (mobbing) as a factor that must be included in the assessment of risk factors psychosocial, then describes the assessment tools being used within the framework of prevention, and finally, describes the horticultural sector. In the second part, empirical, show the objectives, the methodology, the results, and the discussion. A sample of 638 workers from five company the fruit-and-vegetable sector was evaluated. The result of this investigation is the adaptation of a questionnaire for assessing psychosocial risk factors at workplace for the agro furit sector which includes the mobbing as a risk factor.

Les Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication (TIC) font désormais partie du quotidien de travail de la plupart des salariés. L’activité des cadres, salariés les plus équipés en TIC mobiles par l’employeur, est majoritairement réalisée à partir de la médiation de dispositifs communicationnels. Cet équipement leur octroie de nouvelles possibilités : en particulier celle qui consiste à s’affranchir de la dimension spatio-temporelle en restant connectés en permanence avec le travail, et celle qui autorise une plus large modulation de leur emploi du temps. Face à la reconfiguration de leur activité professionnelle, comment les cadres, salariés résolument autonomes, réagissent-ils ? L’objectif principal de cette recherche doctorale vise à accompagner la verbalisation des pratiques quotidiennes des TIC afin d’appréhender l’enjeu psychosocial de cet équipement et d’identifier les éventuelles ressources pour y pallier. Convoquant une approche croisée entre les Sciences de l’Information et de la Communication et la Psychologie du Travail, nous nous intéressons à l’expérience vécue des cadres quant à la médiation technique de leur activité. La méthodologie utilisée est à la fois qualitative et longitudinale. Privilégiant une approche biographique, des entretiens approfondis agrémentés de la Technique des Incidents Critiques ont été menés auprès d’un échantillon de 62 cadres exerçant leurs fonctions en Aquitaine (T0) ; puis réitérés un an plus tard (T1). Les principaux résultats de nos analyses mettent en évidence : le rôle de médiateur des TIC vis-à-vis des risques psychosociaux au travail ; le déploiement volontaire de stratégies de connexion / déconnexion visant à optimiser non seulement l’usage des TIC mais aussi la qualité de vie des sujets ; le caractère discontinu de l’appropriation des TIC attesté par l’expérience d’événements marquants ; mais encore un effet de réflexivité des pratiques amorcé lors du premier entretien. / The Information Technology and Communication (ICT) are now part of everyday work for most employees. The executives are the employees being the most equipped with mobile ICT by their employers : their activity is mostly realized from the mediation of communicative devices. Such equipments grants them new opportunities: especially the one that is to unchain themselves from the space-temporal dimension staying connected with work, and the other that allows a larger modulation of their use of time. Faced with their work reconfiguration how do these executives react? The main purpose of this PhD research aims at accompanying the verbalization of ICT’s everyday practice in order to understand the psychosocial issue of this equipment and to identify possible resources to cope with. Convening a cross approach between Information Science and Communication and Work of Psychology, we focus on the live experience of executives about the technological mediation of their work. The methodology used is both qualitative and longitudinal. Favouring a biographical approach, first extensive interviews complemented with the Critical Incident Technique, were conducted among a sample of 62 executives exercising their functions in a French region, Aquitaine (T0); and then reiterated one year later (T1). The major outcome of our analyses highlight: the mediating role of ICT about psychosocial risks at work; connection / disconnection strategies are self willing deployed to optimize not only the use of ICT but also the quality of life; the discontinuous character of ICT’s appropriation demonstrated by the experience of significant events; but also reflexivity’s effect of practices initiated at the first interview.

La investigación parte de la preocupación que existía en la Compañía Go Clean Perú, ubicada en el distrito limeño de Miraflores, donde se presentaban ausencias laborales no justificadas por parte de los operarios, bajo el contrato a plazo fijo y sujeto a la modalidad de servicio específico. El objetivo de la investigación fue identificar la relación entre algún factor de riesgo psicosocial y la ausencia laboral injustificada de los operarios de las generaciones millennials. X y baby boomers de la compañía Go Clean Perú, en el periodo de mayo a octubre del 2019, a fin de proponer un plan de acción para reducir la ausencia no justificada de los operarios de la compañía. El estudio se realizó en varias etapas: selección de la población, análisis de los datos, aplicación del cuestionario SUSESO/ISTAS 21 versión breve y, por último, el análisis de los resultados. Se determinó que las ausencias no justificadas estaban relacionadas con las dimensiones apoyo social y calidad de liderazgo, lo que nos llevó a desarrollar un plan de acción para disminuir el factor de riesgo psicosocial y las ausencias. / The investigation is based on the concern that existed in the Go Clean Peru Company, located in the Lima district of Miraflores, where there were unjustified absences from work on the part of the operators, under the fixed-term contract and subject to the specific service modality. The objective of the research was to identify the relationship between some psychosocial risk factor and the unjustified absence from work of the workers of the millennial generations. X and baby boomers of the company Go Clean Peru, in the period from May to October 2019, in order to propose an action plan to reduce the unjustified absence of the company's workers. The study was carried out in several stages: selection of the population, data analysis, application of the SUSESO / ISTAS 21 questionnaire, short version and, finally, the analysis of the results. It was determined that the unexcused absences were related to the dimensions of social support and quality of leadership, which led us to develop an action plan to reduce the psychosocial risk factor and absences. / Trabajo de investigación

Le risque professionnel apparaît à la fin du XIXème siècle. Il est conçu comme le palliatif des insuffisances des principes de responsabilité civile appliquées aux victimes du travail. Le corps blessé au profit de l’industrie doit obtenir réparation. L’accident du travail est né ; sa reconnaissance est strictement encadrée. L’évolution des organisations de travail révèle d’autres insuffisances et induisent l’extension de la notion. D’un principe de responsabilité appliqué à la survenance d’un risque qualifié au préalable, le risque professionnel devient l’expression d’un droit à la sécurité. Les acteurs de l’entreprise y acquièrent un pouvoir de qualification. Au croisement du droit de la sécurité sociale, du droit du travail et du droit de la santé publique, les objectifs assignés évoluent à la lumière des enjeux humains et financiers qui s'y attachent. De nouvelles notions innervent les relations de travail. Le droit du salarié à la sécurité ne peut plus être dissocié d’un droit élémentaire à la santé. Au-delà, le bien-être au travail fait son apparition. Reste à mettre fin aux incertitudes qui affectent la notion de risque professionnel. Notion au périmètre fluctuant, la définir est essentiel. Les enjeux sont d’importance. / The notion of occupational risk appears at the end of the 19th century. It is intended as a remedy for the inadequacy of the principles of civil liability as applied to workplace victims. A person injured while working for the benefit of industry must obtain reparation. The concept of the workplace accident is born, although its applicability is strictly limited. The evolution of labor organizations reveals other shortcomings and leads to the expansion of the principle. Starting from a notion of liability applied to the occurrence of a pre-determined hazard, occupational risk becomes the expression of a right to workplace safety. Labor acquires a decision-making power in this regard. At the intersection of french social security law, labor law and public health law, the designated objectives evolve in the light of related human and financial issues. New concepts stimulate labor relations. The right to employee safety can no longer be dissociated from a basic right to health. Beyond that, the principle of workplace well-being makes its appearance. It is still necessary to resolve the uncertainties that influence the concept of occupational risk. As a notion with fluctuating boundaries, it is essential to define it. The stakes are high.

Stress, burnout, mal-être, bien-être, conditions de travail, Risques Psycho Sociaux (RPS), la santé au travail recouvre une multitude de notions. Nous avons choisi dans le cadre de ce travail d’envisager la santé à travers le prisme des ressources et de mobiliser la théorie de la conservation des ressources (COR) de Hobfoll (1989, 1998, 2001). Ses apports majeurs sont d’envisager la santé non plus seulement dans sa dimension pathogénique mais également dans une perspective salutogénique (Abord de Chatillon, 2005 ; Neveu, 2007, 2012 ; Richard, 2012) et d’aborder le phénomène en tant que processus tenant compte à la fois de ses aspects internes et externes. L’enjeu du présent travail est d’analyser plus finement le processus à l’œuvre, à la fois de maintien et de dégradation de la santé au travail dans le contexte spécifique des fonctions publiques territoriale et hospitalière. Depuis plusieurs décennies, ce secteur subit des transformations avec notamment la mise en œuvre d’une démarche de Nouveau Management Public (NMP) et la volonté d’appliquer des modes de gestion privés au public. Cette rationalisation bien que nécessaire économiquement a pour conséquence une intensification du travail qui affectent l’organisation du travail et la santé des agents. Ainsi notre étude qualitative à travers les trois articles qui la constituent défend la thèse suivante : la santé au travail est un processus dynamique auquel concourent l’individu, le collectif et l’organisation qui s’exprime à travers la relation aux ressources. Notre thèse contribue ainsi à identifier de nouvelles ressources organisationnelles, mettre en évidence le mécanisme de sollicitation des ressources et la capacité proactive et résiliente des individus, expliciter le processus de spirale, et confirmer le lien peu exploré entre Nouveau Management Public et stress au travail. / Stress, burnout, well-being, work conditions, psychosocial risks, occupational health covers multiple notions. We choose to consider health according to the conservation of resources theory (Hobfoll, 1989, 1998, 2001). Its major contributions consist firstly in considering health not only from a pathogenic aspect but also from a salutogenic one (Abord de Chatillon, 2005 ; Neveu, 2007, 2012 ; Richard, 2012). Secondly, it proposes to study health as a whole process including its internal and external aspects. The issue of this study is to analyse both the process of maintenance and decline of occupational health in the specific public context. For several decades, this sector has been undergoing major transformations with New Public Management reforms. Although economically necessary this rationalization results in work intensification which influence work organization and health of public agents. Thus, our qualitative study through the three articles considers that occupational health is a dynamic process (in which individuals, collective and organization participate) expressed through the relationship to resources. Our thesis offers several contributions to help identify new organizational resources, to highlight the process of resource mobilization and the proactive capacity, to explicit the spiral process and to confirm the link, not sufficiently explored, between the NPM and job stress.

Kiruna, a Swedish community situated 300 km north of the Arctic Circle, has a very high mortality in ischemic heart disease (IHD). Acase-control study was undertaken to find out if the risk factors for IHD or their impact differed from those in other populations. The survey methods comprised questionnaires, physical examinations, laboratory tests, a food diary, ecological studies, and a register study. The study group consisted of 219 men who had suffered an acute myocardial infarction (cases) and 438 men without known ischemic heart disease (controls). The main risk factors were: a family history of IHD, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and smoking. Also psycho-social risk factors like lack of job support constituted a risk factor. Cholesterol ester and adipose tissue triglyceride fatty acids have a slower turn-over rate than other routinely analysed lipids and lipoproteins and thus reflect dietary habits over a longer period of time. They were measured in a subset of our cohort, showing that the cases, judged from lipid and fatty acid composition, lived on a diet comparable to that of the controls. A prospective diet diary showed few differences between cases and controls and between the whole cohort and a reference cohort in Uppsala in the central part of Sweden. Most notable differences were a low level of y-tocopherol, a low proportion of linoleic acid, and a high proportion of palmitic acid in serum cholesterol esters and adipose tissue triglycerides in the Kiruna cohort. The expected reduced morbidity in ischemic heart disease related to alcohol consumption was not seen in our material. This finding was further examined in an ecological study on a national Swedish level, longitudinally, cross-sectionally, and with time-series methodology. There was an inverse correlation between wine consumption and mortality in IHD for women but no correlation between the consumption of beer and distilled spirits, and mortality in IHD. Heart failure, a common sequela of IHD, has an increasing incidence in a hospital-based population. In spite of improved treatments the prognosis has not improved during the last seven years and is still as bad as or worse than that of many malignant diseases. Male sex and high age implied a worse prognosis. Consumption of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) for pain relief resulted in a greater risk of developing an acute myocardial infarction in our cohort. This was further examined in an ecological study on anational Swedish level also showing a correlation between ASA consumption and mortality in IHD both in the geographical and the longitudinal analysis for the surveyed years, but not in the time series analysis. / <p>Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå university, 1996, härtill 7 uppsatser.</p> / digitalisering@umu