Submitted by Edileide Reis (leyde-landy@hotmail.com) on 2013-04-30T12:58:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ludimila Couto.pdf: 797129 bytes, checksum: d8d746abd83ade14eff4e9d55a092301 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Auxiliadora Lopes(silopes@ufba.br) on 2013-06-11T15:05:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Ludimila Couto.pdf: 797129 bytes, checksum: d8d746abd83ade14eff4e9d55a092301 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-06-11T15:05:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ludimila Couto.pdf: 797129 bytes, checksum: d8d746abd83ade14eff4e9d55a092301 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / A presente pesquisa tem como objeto de investigação a formação escolar das mulheres ferroviária de Alagoinhas - BA. O trabalho de investigação centrou-se nas nuances dos processos de escolarização e profissionalização dessas mulheres, no período de 1950 a 1970, e buscou evidenciar as inter-relações de ambos processos com a incorporação feminina no mercado formal de trabalho, a partir do universo ferroviário. Utilizamos como recurso metodológico a História Oral e, através dela, enfocamos as Histórias de vida dessas personagens na perspectiva de entender o mundo ferroviário e o mundo escolar, a partir da experiência feminina. No intuito de definir um quadro geral de formação escolar e profissional feminina, nesse período, partimos de uma análise minuciosa de suas trajetórias scolares. Esta análise buscou evidenciar as particularidades e especificidades de suas experiências individuais e entender que essas mulheres, como alunas, já encaravam a formação escolar na perspectiva de conseguir ampliar suas formas de incorporação no mercado de trabalho, com melhores cargos e funções. Portanto, esta pesquisa nos leva a concluir que a emancipação econômica feminina tornou-se possível a partir de um trabalho remunerado e sua autonomia intelectual, por meio da escolarização. A consolidação dessas mudanças significou a ruptura de uma ideologia estabelecida sobre ser mulher, ser homem, suas capacidades e seus papéis sociais. / Salvador

Orientador: Rosío Fernández Baca Salcedo / Banca: Rosio Fernandez Baca Salcedo / Banca: Nilson Ghiraldello / Banca: Marcelo Zarate / Resumo: Os trens são reconhecidos como patrimônio cultural pela população bauruense, e o pátio ferroviário da cidade, tombado pelo CODEPAC e em Estudo de Tombamento pelo CONDEPHAAT (Conselhos municipal e estadual, respectivamente), está sem previsão de políticas, programas ou projetos públicos de salvaguarda de seu patrimônio, com suas edificações degradadas e abandonadas. Apesar dessa situação de descaso, o complexo da Companhia Estrada de Ferro Noroeste do Brasil - CEFNOB (nosso estudo de caso) continua sendo considerado um dos melhores e mais completo exemplar de pátio ferroviário da América Latina. Muitas pesquisas na temática da ferrovia, e da Noroeste em particular, já foram desenvolvidas, entretanto, as diversas informações e resultados produzidos ainda não foram sistematizados, analisados e interpretados conjuntamente. No intuito de começar a se pensar em uma maneira de reintegrar o complexo ferroviário ao cenário urbano, esta pesquisa tem por objetivo testar se o reconhecimento do código genético do patrimônio, a partir de suas articulações socioeconômicas, simbólicas, de identidade e memória, é necessário para intervenção no complexo ferroviário da Estrada de Ferro Noroeste do Brasil (EFNOB); e, propor diretrizes urbanas sustentáveis para sua reintegração ao cenário urbano. A metodologia compreende seis etapas, sendo a primeira uma abordagem teórica sobre o patrimônio industrial ferroviário; sobre lugar, cultura e memória; métodos de intervenção; e, urbanismo ambiental. A s... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Mestre

Resumo: Aplicou-se experimentos em rodas ferroviárias tipo D-38 (38 polegadas de diâmetro), fundidas em aço, obtidas pelo processo de pressão controlada. Estudou-se a influência de 15 fatores (variáveis de entrada), com o objetivo de minimizar ou eliminar a descontinuidade interna denominada "microrechupe", a qual apresentou-se como variável de saída constante em todas as rodas experimentadas, na região do aro das rodas (região de contato com os trilhos da ferrovia). As descontinuidades internas foram detectadas por ensaio ultrassônico, através do método indireto de avaliação, com o auxílio do diagrama AVG, e uso de transdutor normal. Em função da quantidade e tamanhos diferenciados das descontinuidades internas detectadas em todas as rodas experimentadas, foi criado um método específico para mensurá-las, estabelecendo desta forma, respostas diferenciadas que possibilitaram a análise da influência dos fatores (variáveis de entrada). Para estudo e análise da influência das variáveis de entrada e suas respectivas interações, foi utilizado o método de Taguchi, com um Arranjo Ortogonal L-16. Os fatores (variáveis de entrada) operaram em dois níveis com uma razão sinal / ruído para a função "maior é melhor", sendo utilizada a análise de variância ANOVA para testar a significância dos efeitos. Os resultados demonstraram que as variáveis "posição relativa da roda na corrida de vazamento" e "tempo de cura dos massalotes radiais" tiveram maior significância para a redução da descontinuidade microrechupe (output). / Abstract: It was applied experiments in railroad wheels, casting in steel, D-38 type (38- inches- diameter), produced by controlled pressure process. It was studied influence of the 15 factors (entrance variables) with objective to minimize or to eliminate a internal discontinuity, called microshrinkage, which was presented as constant output in all tried wheels, inside the rim wheels (region of contact with railroad tracks). The internal discontinuities had been detected by ultrasonic test, through the indirect method of evaluation, with aiding of AVG diagram, with the use of normal transducer. In function of the amount and different sizes of the internal discontinuities detected in all the tried wheels, a new method was created to measure them, establishing different answers, in such a way that make possible the factors influence analysis. For study and analysis of the factors and its interactions, the Taguchi approach was used, with L-16 Ortogonal Array. The process factors had operated in two levels with a signal-to-noise ratio called "bigger is better" function and it was used variance analysis by ANOVA to determine the main significance of the effects. The results had demonstrated that, the factors "relative position of the wheel in the production line" and "cure time of radial risers" had greater significance for the reduction of the discontinuity microshrinkage (output) / Orientador: Messias Borges Silva / Coorientador: Antonio Fernando Branco Costa / Banca: Jorge Muniz Júnior / Banca: José RobertoAlves de Mattos / Mestre

nÃo hà / A edificaÃÃo da Estrada de Ferro de Baturità provocou a alteraÃÃo das paisagens em seu entorno, o que contribuiu para a construÃÃo de outro CearÃ, no final do sÃculo XIX e inÃcio do XX. Essa construÃÃo fazia parte do projeto de integraÃÃo nacional do paÃs, atravÃs da formaÃÃo de um Estado Territorial, que articulou a centralizaÃÃo administrativa do territÃrio, tendo as vias de comunicaÃÃo como caminho para as tarefas polÃticas do Estado, e contribuiu para a invenÃÃo da prÃpria naÃÃo brasileira. De outro lado, a Estrada de Ferro de Baturità foi apresentada como parte de um processo mais amplo de expansÃo do capitalismo, como instrumento para inversÃo e expansÃo do capital estrangeiro. Nesse sentido, a ferrovia foi considerada uma das portas de entrada do capitalismo no CearÃ. Essa compreensÃo norteou este estudo sobre a progressiva alteraÃÃo das paisagens em seu entorno, processo que significou o aparelhamento do espaÃo cearense em funÃÃo do tempo moderno e ideia de progresso nos moldes europeu ocidentais. Desse modo, as alteraÃÃes da paisagem â percebidas nos desmatamentos, destocamentos, produÃÃo de dormentes, presenÃa massiva de trabalhadores com suas famÃlias ao longo dos trilhos, sistematizaÃÃes de novos horÃrios de trabalho, na pauperizaÃÃo dos operÃrios e na disseminaÃÃo de doenÃas nos abarracamentos da EFB â significaram neste estudo um estabelecimento de relaÃÃes com o ambiente, profundamente influenciado pela introduÃÃo de relaÃÃes e concepÃÃes capitalistas de mundo.

O presente trabalho tem como objeto de investigação as modificações ocorridas no complexo ferroviário na cidade de Campo Grande - MS, partindo da análise sobre o desenvolvimento da cidade associado com a chegada da Noroeste do Brasil - NOB, como parte de um processo de expansão do capitalismo e modernização do campo, entendendo sua urbanização como resultado disso. Em um segundo momento, foi realizada uma analise sobre a ferrovia enquanto referencial de memória coletiva e urbana, servindo assim como \"resistência\" dentro do processo de valorização do patrimônio. Por último, buscou-se entendimento do patrimônio ferroviário enquanto âncora no processo de valorização das cidades, como parte de um sistema de \"reestruturação\" do capitalismo na contemporaneidade. Desta forma, este trabalho constitui-se como uma reflexão sobre a relação entre a preservação patrimonial dos bens de uma extinta ferrovia frente ao processo de reinserção de antigos espaços nos novos contextos urbanos, apontando o quão contraditório é esta relação que muitas vezes utiliza-se do discurso do patrimônio para atrair e gerar valorização a estas antigas áreas / The present work aims to investigate the changes in the railway complex in the city of Campo Grande - MS, based on an analysis of the development of the city associated with the arrival of Noroeste do Brasil - NOB, as part of the process of capitalism expansion and the countryside modernization, understanding its urbanization as a result of this. In a second step, an analysis of the railroad as a reference of urban and collective memory was held, thus serving as \"resistance\" in the heritage valorization process. Finally, was sought to understand the railroad heritage while anchor in the cities valorization process, as part of a system of \"restructuring\" the contemporary capitalism. As a result, this work constitutes as a reflection regarding the relationship between heritage property preservation of a defunct railroad against the reintegration of old spaces in new urban contexts, pointing how pointing how contradictory is this relationship that often makes use of the speech of heritage to attract and generate the valorization of these old areas

Esta dissertação de mestrado versa sobre as oficinas ferroviárias, adotando-se como caso de estudo as \"Officinas Companhia Mogyana\", da Companhia Mogiana de Estradas de Ferro e Navegação, estabelecidas em Campinas, São Paulo, no início do século XX. A discussão proposta insere-se no campo de estudo do patrimônio industrial e visa contribuir para o reconhecimento, a análise e, em última instância, a preservação de remanescentes da arquitetura ferroviária paulista. O recorte temporal adotado, entre os anos de 1897 e 1908, corresponde ao período de concepção das idéias, do projeto e da execução das oficinas, com a implantação gradual de suas diversas edificações, conformando no pátio ferroviário central de Campinas um verdadeiro complexo industrial destinado ao funcionamento daquela ferrovia. Utilizando fontes documentais diversas, buscou-se investigar as diretrizes internacionalmente difundidas à época para a construção de oficinas ferroviárias, bem como a reinterpretação dessas para a realidade brasileira. Por meio do estudo das \"Officinas Companhia Mogyana\", foi possível averiguar a repercussão desses preceitos na determinação da planta industrial estabelecida pela companhia, especificamente em relação às decisões projetuais e de partido. Além disso, utilizando-se de documentos institucionais da Mogiana, mormente os relatórios da diretoria, e de visitas de campo, buscou-se analisar as diversas edificações componentes do conjunto usina geradora, seção de locomotivas, seção de carros e vagões, fundição e rotunda sob a perspectiva de sua funcionalidade e operacionalidade, como também da técnica construtiva empregada, dos arranjos formais e composições estilísticas e das transformações por que passaram ao longo de sua existência. As discussões promovidas intentam vislumbrar outras possibilidades de estudo das edificações ferroviárias, entendendo-as também como complexo produtivo e, conseqüentemente, espaço de trabalho. / This dissertation is about railway workshops, based on a case study entitled \"Officinas Companhia Mogyana\" [Mogiana Railway Workshops] of the Mogiana Railway and Navigation Company, which was established in the city of Campinas, Brazil, in the early 20th century. This discussion is classified as a study in industrial heritage and is intended as a contribution toward the recognition, analysis and, most importantly, the preservation of what remains of the railway\'s architecture in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The period of conception of the ideas, design and construction of the workshops, with the gradual implementation of its many different buildings, extended from 1897 to 1908, and created a veritable industrial complex at its central yards in Campinas, out of which the entire railway operated. Using several different documentary sources, the dissertation represents an investigation into guidelines that were internationally recognized during the period when the workshops were constructed, and also shows how these guidelines were adapted in terms of Brazilian reality. By studying the \"Officinas Companhia Mogyana\", it became possible to verify the repercussion of these standards in determining the industrial plant that the company built, specifically in relation to the decisions concerning the designs and concepts. In addition, based on institutional documents of the Mogiana Company itself, especially reports issued by the senior management, and field visits, the author seeks to analyze the various components of the complex such as the generator, the locomotive section, the freight and passenger cars section, the foundry and the roundhouse from the perspective of their functionality and operationality. The construction techniques used, the formal arrangements and stylistic compositions, and the changes implanted during its existence are also described. The resulting discussions bring up other possibilities for studying the railroad buildings, also seen as a production complex and, consequently, a workplace.

[pt] O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar os indicadores de desempenho ferroviário. Para tanto, buscou-se inicialmente mostrar a logística como vantagem competitiva, seu modo de gestão e a estruturação do processo logístico. Os modais de transporte, a multimodalidade e a intermodalidade são analisados brevemente. A importância das medidas de desempenho em logística é comentada, incluindo o seu histórico, passando pelas questões organizacionais, assim como os modelos mais utilizados de medição de desempenho. No corpo principal da dissertação, são apresentados e discutidos os indicadores de desempenho ferroviário, focando-se a sua importância, os tipos de indicadores, a apresentação dos principais indicadores do transporte de carga, a visão do cliente neste processo e o trafego mútuo e direito de passagem. Concluiu-se que o uso dos indicadores de desempenho constitui-se em um elemento fundamental nos resultados do negócio ferroviário. / [en] The objective of the present study is to analyze the rail performance indicators. For such purposes, logistics is initially presented as a competitive advantage, its managing type and process structure. The transportation modes, the multimodal, and intermodal are briefly analyzed. The importance of the performance metrics in logistics is discussed, including their history, their organizational issues, and the most common used indicators. In the main part of this research, the rail performance indicators are presented and discussed, focusing on its importance, types, main cargo transportation indicators, the customers´ perception of this process, mutual traffic and pass through rights. In conclusion, the performance indicators usage compose a essential element for railroad business output.

No description available.

M.Com. (Business Management) / Transport plays a pivotal role within the South African economy as it enables the country to achieve economic growth. The transport industry does not only facilitate the movement of freight and people, it also employs a great number of individuals and forms a major part of South Africa‟s GDP. The 8th Annual State of Logistics Survey for South Africa indicated that transport costs were accountable for 6.8 per cent of the country‟s GDP in 2010. The importance of the transport industry necessitates that the industry is operated efficiently and effectively. Transport mode choices are not only made based on transportation costs but various other factors are affecting how companies choose the mode of transport for their freight movement requirements. Other factors that are considered include transit time, reliability, accessibility, capability and security/safety. Opportunity costs should also be considered when choosing a mode of transport. There are various different types of opportunity costs that exist within the supply chain, these include the opportunity cost associated with poor service levels, the opportunity cost of returning a vehicle without a backhaul, opportunity costs due to delays, the opportunity cost of holding inventory and lost sales opportunity costs. As transportation costs are not the only factor that companies consider when making a modal choice decision, many companies within South Africa have been moving their goods off rail and onto road. This study highlights the importance of determining the impact that an inefficient mode of transport has on a company‟s transportation model and costs. The main focus of this study is to determine the logistics opportunity cost of using road transport within a mining company. A case study approach is followed as the study aims to present a complex problem experienced by one company to be analysed and presented in an easily understandable format. All the data and company information used within this study was supplied by company DKVL. Data was collected through unstructured personal interviews and specific questions were developed for each person interviewed. The data was triangulated and verified through the use of company DKVL‟s financial statements. From the results of this study, the logistics opportunity cost associated with the mode of transport is substantial. This necessitates the need for companies to revise their transport mode choice on a regular basis as it has a major impact not only on their transportation costs, but also on their inventory holding and carbon emissions. Based on the findings of this study, Transnet Freight Rail (TFR) should not only focus on expanding its existing capacity, it should also focus on improving its customer service delivery. By providing poor service delivery, companies will not shift their freight back onto rail and will rather choose to use road transport to receive the benefit of reliability and flexibility, even if it is a more expensive mode of transport. The knock-on effect of companies choosing to use road transport as opposed to rail transport is significant. The quality of South African roads will continue to deteriorate, companies will continue to pay more to maintain and repair their vehicles and the transport industry will continue to increasingly damage the environment through increased carbon emissions. The impact of not having reliable rail transport is increased logistics costs which have a significant impact on the South African economy.

Sustainability is a broad concept which embodies social, economic and environmental concerns, including the possible consequences of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and climate change, and related means of mitigation and adaptation. The reduction of energy consumption and emissions are key objectives which need to be achieved if some of these concerns are to be addressed. As well as being an important component of sustainability in other sectors, a good transport system needs to be sustainable in its own right. Energy consumption and GHG emissions are important issues within the transport sector; in the European Union (EU), for example, transport is directly responsible for between 25 and 30 percent of all carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and the inclusion of indirect (Scope 2 and Scope 3) GHG emissions may increase this proportion further. If reduction targets are to be met, it may be necessary to encourage behavioural change, including modal shift from those modes of transport which are comparatively highly polluting, towards those modes which pollute less. Rail is potentially a suitable target for such modal shift from road transport (notably the private car for passenger travel) and, in some case, from short-haul and domestic aviation. However, modal comparisons are often based on average data, and are reliant on a number of assumptions. There are likely to be some circumstances where modal shift towards rail makes more sense than others, but the use of average data does not enable policy makers to be discerning. It should also be noted that many modal comparisons are also based purely on operational energy consumption and emissions, and neglect to take the whole life-cycle in to account. Embedded energy and emissions from the construction of vehicles and infrastructure can be quite significant, as can the energy consumption and emissions from vehicle idling in the case of public transport modes. After considering the concept of environmental sustainability, this research begins by reviewing existing energy consumption and emissions data for vehicle operation, where it is noted that data for cars in Europe are quite comprehensive. Manufacturers are obliged to publish fuel consumption and emissions data for each model of car they sell, although the type approval tests do not reflect real-world performance. Studies are reviewed which suggest that the gap between the tests and the real-world has been widening in recent years. The gap appears to be independent of the size of vehicle, but is larger for hybrid vehicles than it is for those powered solely by a petrol or diesel internal combustion engine. Data for trains are less comprehensive, and that data which are available are often based on a limited empirical sample, or simulated data for which a number of assumptions have been made. Sometimes, the details of the measurements taken or simulation parameters used are unclear. As a result, published data for a particular type of train in the literature are sometimes found to vary significantly. In order to make more informed comparisons between rail and other modes, two large empirical datasets have been analysed. Two UK Train Operating Companies (TOCs) have also made data from energy metering systems on-board their electric trains available, which have been used to analyse the actual energy consumption of different trains over a number of different routes. The sample size is far larger than that found in literature to date, and it has been possible to consider variation between routes and service types. The v basic principles of simulating the energy consumption (and related emissions) of a train have also been illustrated, and a software tool has been developed for Arup so that it can now make some estimate of operational energy consumption and emissions for a given train over a given route. The aforementioned empirical data have also been used to validate the tool and suggest some appropriate simulation parameters. A review of existing literature concerning whole life-cycle analysis has been undertaken. It is clear that life-cycle costs vary significantly but in general, the overall life-cycle costs of rail appear to be higher than those for any other mode. The biggest additional factors appear to be the embedded carbon and energy in the infrastructure, particularly for a system comprising a lot of bridges, tunnels and large underground stations. For the vehicles themselves, trains typically have a longer lifespan than cars, which reduces the embedded carbon and energy as functions of time. When comparisons are made between modes, passenger-km is a metric which is often chosen, because it helps account for some of the fundamental di�erences between modes, including the fact that public transport modes usually use vehicles which are much bigger than the private car. In order to make comparisons on this basis, however, something about the load factor must be known. The sensitivity to load factor is demonstrated, and the earlier empirical data analysis is used to illustrate the benefits of longer trains. A discussion then follows about the potential pitfalls of making comparisons purely on a per passenger-km basis. This thesis ends by summarising some of the �ndings. Some consideration is given towards the future and the fact that technological developments are being made in Sustainability is a broad concept which embodies social, economic and environmental concerns, including the possible consequences of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and climate change, and related means of mitigation and adaptation. The reduction of energy consumption and emissions are key objectives which need to be achieved if some of these concerns are to be addressed. As well as being an important component of sustainability in other sectors, a good transport system needs to be sustainable in its own right. Energy consumption and GHG emissions are important issues within the transport sector; in the European Union (EU), for example, transport is directly responsible for between 25 and 30 percent of all carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and the inclusion of indirect (Scope 2 and Scope 3) GHG emissions may increase this proportion further. If reduction targets are to be met, it may be necessary to encourage behavioural change, including modal shift from those modes of transport which are comparatively highly polluting, towards those modes which pollute less. Rail is potentially a suitable target for such modal shift from road transport (notably the private car for passenger travel) and, in some case, from short-haul and domestic aviation. However, modal comparisons are often based on average data, and are reliant on a number of assumptions. There are likely to be some circumstances where modal shift towards rail makes more sense than others, but the use of average data does not enable policy makers to be discerning. It should also be noted that many modal comparisons are also based purely on operational energy consumption and emissions, and neglect to take the whole life-cycle in to account. Embedded energy and emissions from the construction of vehicles and infrastructure can be quite significant, as can the energy consumption and emissions from vehicle idling in the case of public transport modes. After considering the concept of environmental sustainability, this research begins by reviewing existing energy consumption and emissions data for vehicle operation, where it is noted that data for cars in Europe are quite comprehensive. Manufacturers are obliged to publish fuel consumption and emissions data for each model of car they sell, although the type approval tests do not re ect real-world performance. Studies are reviewed which suggest that the gap between the tests and the real-world has been widening in recent years. / The gap appears to be independent of the size of vehicle, but is larger for hybrid vehicles than it is for those powered solely by a petrol or diesel internal combustion engine. Data for trains are less comprehensive, and that data which are available are often based on a limited empirical sample, or simulated data for which a number of assumptions have been made. Sometimes, the details of the measurements taken or simulation parameters used are unclear. As a result, published data for a particular type of train in the literature are sometimes found to vary significantly. In order to make more informed comparisons between rail and other modes, two large empirical datasets have been analysed. Two UK Train Operating Companies (TOCs) have also made data from energy metering systems on-board their electric trains available, which have been used to analyse the actual energy consumption of different trains over a number of different routes. This thesis ends by summarising some of the findings. Some consideration is given towards the future and the fact that technological developments are being made in both the motor and the rail industries.