Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-09-15T18:57:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Ana Carolina Carvalho de Barros.pdf: 2646968 bytes, checksum: 755045d3111f54dc02cc0c3c6834d0c5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-15T18:57:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Ana Carolina Carvalho de Barros.pdf: 2646968 bytes, checksum: 755045d3111f54dc02cc0c3c6834d0c5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-22 / CAPES / This study was carried out for evaluating the dynamics of the root dry matter stock in Florico grass pastures managed at two light interception levels (90 and 95%) and two post-grazing residue heights (0.2 and 0.3 m) (90IL 0,2m RPP; 90IL 0,3m RPP; 95IL 0,2m RPP; 95IL 0,3m RPP). The lowering of vegetation was performed by the technique "mob grazing", simulating the condition of intermittent grazing. In shoot mass were related (MFF and MF) and the rate of herbage accumulation (TAMFF and TAF) with varying root system, using the technique of digging trenches 0,5x0,4x0,6 me withdraw prism?sticos blocks per monoliths 0,05x0,2x0,1 m up to 0.4 m profundida for root stock and fractional distribution (DF), and the root / shoot ratio, and total biomass (FT). The experiment was performed at PESAGRO-RIO, in Serop?dica municipality, Rio de Janeiro state , from July, 2012 to July, 2013, covering the four seasons. Shoots fresh matter yield was effective for treatment, season, and repeated measures interaction, with total production in the summer of 2013 for the four grazing intensities (908.1 ? 73.8 g/m2), compared to other seasons where treatments were similar. In the season of different days between cycles, shoots fresh matter yield was estimated where the winter, presented the lowest yield (10.8 ? 5.1 g/m2 day 1), when compared to the rainy season (28,7 ? 13.1 g/m2 day 1), as well as, between the treatments, the highest grazing intensity presented the greatest yield (26.6 ? 15.8 g/m2 day 1) while the lowest one presented the smallest yields (13.6 ? 4.1 g/m2 day 1). Shoots dry matter yield indicated high significant effects for treatments, season, and interaction for repeated measurements over time between treatments the 90IL 0,3RPP treatment presented no difference in relation to shoot dry matter among seasons, whereas 95IL 0,3RPP treatment presented greater shoot dry matter quantity in the spring (219.8 g/m2 cycle 1), followed by summer (192.2 g/m2 cycle 1), as well as, in the autumn 90IL 0,3RPP treatment was more productive than 95IL 0,3RPP one. Shoot dry matter yield was lower in all the treatments in the winter when compared to the other seasons, the greatest roots dry matter (RDM) were: 639.3 ? 246.8 and 667.2 ? 225.7 g 400dm3 soil in the spring, for 90IL 0,3RPP and 95IL 0.3 RPP, respectively and 591.8 ? 168.2 and 655.1 ? 252.7g 400 dm3 soil in the summer anol autumn, for 90IL 0.2RPP respectively 647.8 ? 68.4g 400 dm3 soil in the autumn for 95IL 0,2RPP treatment. In regarding to the roots distribution profile there was no difference between RDM stock treatments between grazing intensities evaluated, summer and autumn equations did not differ eithen. In fractional root distribution all the seasons presented significative results, being autumn the single one no differing between treatments on the present study. Total phytomass presented significantive effect for the treatments, where the winter was the season presenting the lowest yield in all the treatments, when compared to other stations. Root:shoot ratio was no effect for treatment and season, as well as, the autumn highlighted with the greatest RDM:SDM ratio in 95IL 0,2RPP treatment, when compared to the other seasons. It might be concluded that The Florico grass was sensitive to variations in weather conditions presenting to the accumulation of forage and root stock, showing the existence of phenotypic plasticity for the evaluated variables. / Objetivou-se avaliar o estoque de massa seca de raiz em pastos de capim Florico manejados sob dois n?veis de intercepta??o luminosa (90 e 95 %) e duas alturas de res?duo p?s-pastejo (0,2 e 0,3 m), os quais deram origem a quatro tratamentos de intensidades de pastejo (90IL 0,2m RPP; 90IL 0,3m RPP; 95IL 0,2m RPP; 95IL 0,3m RPP). O rebaixamento da vegeta??o foi realizado pela t?cnica ?mob grazing?, simulando a condi??o de pastejo intermitente. Na parte a?rea foram relacionados massa (MFF e MF) e a taxa de ac?mulo de forragem (TAMFF e TAF) com vari?veis do sistema radicular, utilizando a t?cnica de escava??o de trincheiras de 0,5x0,4x0,6 m e retirada de blocos prism?sticos por mon?litos de 0,05x0,2x0,1 m, at? a profundida de 0,4 m para o estoque radicular e distribui??o fracional (DF), al?m da rela??o raiz/parte a?rea e fitomassa total (FT). O experimento foi conduzido na PESAGRO-RIO, em Serop?dica, Rio de Janeiro, de julho de 2012 a julho de 2013, durante quatro esta??es do ano. A massa fresca de forragem variou com tratamento, esta??o do ano e com a intera??o entre eles (p<0,01), apresentando maiores valores no ver?o com 908,1 ? 73,8 g m-2 (m?dias dos quatro tratamentos de pastejo), comparado com as demais esta??es que foram semelhantes entre si. Devido a varia??o existente entre os ciclos de pastejos, em dias, foi calculado a taxa de ac?mulo de forragem de massa seca de forragem, com menor valor obtido no inverno (10,8 ? 5,1 g m-2 dia-1), quando comparado ao per?odo chuvoso (28,7 ? 13,1 g m-2 dia-1). Maior taxa de ac?mulo de forragem massa fresca de forragem foi obtida para o tratamento (90IL 0,2m RPP) de maior intensidade de pastejo (26,6 ? 15,8 g m-2 dia-1) e, menor valor, para aquele (95IL 0,3m RPP) de menor intensidade (13,6 ? 4,1 g m-2 dia-1). A massa seca de forragem n?o variou (p>0,05) entre as esta??es para o tratamento 90IL 0,3m RPP, enquanto que, o tratamento 95IL 0,3RPP, na primavera e ver?o, apresentou maior massa, (219,8 e 192,2 g m-2 ciclo-1), enquanto o tratamento 90IL 0,3RPP foi mais produtivo que o 95IL 0,3RPP no outono. A produ??o de massa seca radicular (MSR) do inverno foi inferior aquelas das demais esta??es. Na primavera, os maiores estoques de MSR foi de: 639,3 ? 246,8 e 667,2 ? 225,7 g 400dm3 de solo, respectivamente , para 90IL 0,3m RPP e 95IL 0,3m RPP; enquanto que o tratamento 90IL 0,2m RPP apresentou maiores estoques de MSR: 591,8 ? 168,2 e 655,1 ? 252,7 g 400dm3 de solo-1, respectivamente no ver?o e outono e o tratamento 95IL 0,2m RPP estocou maiores quantidades de MSR no outono (647,8 ? 68,4 g 400dm3 de solo-1). Quanto a distribui??o das ra?zes no perfil, houve diferen?a do estoque de MSR entre tratamentos na primavera e, as equa??es do ver?o e outono n?o diferiram entre si. A distribui??o fracional do sistema radicular variou (p<0,05) entre todas as esta??es, por?m no outono, houve semelhan?a entre os tratamentos. A produ??o de fitomassa total variou (p<0,05) entre os tratamentos, com a menor produ??o no inverno, para os tratamentos. A rela??o raiz: parte a?rea variou (p<0,05) com tratamento e esta??o. Para 95IL 0,2m RPP, maior valor foi obtido no outono. O capim Florico foi sens?vel ?s condi??es clim?ticas apresentando varia??es quanto ao ac?mulo de forragem e estoque radicular, evidenciando a exist?ncia de plasticidade fenot?pica para as vari?veis avaliadas.

In electronic commerce, systems development is based on two fundamental types of models, business models and process models. A business model is concerned with value exchanges among business partners, while a process model focuses on operational and procedural aspects of business communication. Thus, a business model defines the what in an e-commerce system, while a process model defines the how. Business process design can be facilitated and improved by a method for systematically moving from a business model to a process model. Such a method would provide support for traceability, evaluation of design alternatives, and seamless transition from analysis to realization. This work proposes a unified framework that can be used as a basis to analyze, to interpret and to understand different concepts associated at different stages in e-Commerce system development. In this thesis, we illustrate how UN/CEFACT’s recommended metamodels for business and process design can be analyzed, extended and then integrated for the final solutions based on the proposed unified framework. Also, as an application of the framework, we demonstrate how process-modeling tasks can be facilitated in e-Commerce system design. The proposed methodology, called BP3 stands for Business Process Patterns Perspective. The BP3 methodology uses a question-answer interface to capture different business requirements from the designers. It is based on pre-defined process patterns, and the final solution is generated by applying the captured business requirements by means of a set of production rules to complete the inter-process communication among these patterns.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:54:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LeonardoOS_DISSERT.pdf: 1564103 bytes, checksum: 0ccf970b2351a9a2d69b29a837ff7c66 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-06 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Today's society is in a real collapse of an environmental nature. The populations are lost due to a dream of development without thinking of the consequences that said development can bring to human populations. Thus, it is necessary that strategies be developed for the purpose of protecting the flora and fauna that is at risk from suffering the pressure to achieve this development. Thus important issues involving the need to conserve nature and the creation of protected areas as these strategies are increasingly being developed in research, whether in the biological and / or social. In this sense, the aim of this research through environmental perception social actors for the formation of significant elements for understanding the relationship between man and nature, and from there to provide actions for sensitization. As well as changing attitudes towards environmental issues, to thereby provide analysis based on Environmental Education in order to provide the production of environmental knowledge as a tool that provides value shift. This area of research was to study the Environmental Protection Area Jenipabu - APA Jenipabu, located in northeastern Brazil. Where, from the environmental perception of students from schools within and around this Nature Conservation Unit notes were made regarding the value and meaning given by students, and how this, the feeling of belonging to these groups. This dissertation is composed of two chapters, the first is titled Environmental perception and feeling of belonging in the area of environmental protection in coastal RN - Brazil, where it makes a diagnosis of how these groups understands and realizes the Unity of Nature Conservation. The second, which is titled Construction of environmental knowledge and conservation of invertebrates in the Environmental Protection Area in the northeast coast of Brazil, specifically developed in the school from within the APA Jenipabu, in order to promote a sense of belonging for those students who become multipliers, in order to realize the importance and necessity of having this unit for Nature Conservation. Looking to the degree of importance of environmental education as a tool to raise awareness on conservation of invertebrates and is all the fauna and flora exists, whether in a conservation of nature or not / A sociedade atual encontra-se em um verdadeiro colapso de cunho ambiental. As popula??es v?o se perdendo devido a um sonho de desenvolvimento sem pensar nas consequ?ncias que esse dito desenvolvimento pode trazer para as popula??es humanas. Para tanto, se faz necess?rio que estrat?gias sejam desenvolvidas com o prop?sito de proteger a fauna e a flora que fica em risco com a press?o que sofre para a concretiza??o deste desenvolvimento. Desta forma temas importantes envolvendo a necessidade de se conservar a natureza e a cria??o de Unidades de Conserva??o como destas estrat?gias est?o cada vez mais sendo desenvolvidas em pesquisas, sejam na ?rea biol?gica e/ou social. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se com esta pesquisa atrav?s da percep??o ambiental atores sociais para a forma??o de elementos significativos para o entendimento da rela??o homem-natureza, e a partir da? prover a??es voltadas para a sensibiliza??o. Bem como, a mudan?a de atitudes frente ?s quest?es ambientais, para desta forma, prover reflex?es baseadas na Educa??o Ambiental com o intuito de prover a produ??o do conhecimento ambiental como instrumento que proporciona mudan?a de valores. Esta pesquisa teve como ?rea de estudo a ?rea de Prote??o Ambiental Jenipabu APA Jenipabu, localizada no nordeste do Brasil. Onde, a partir da percep??o ambiental, dos alunos de escolas no interior e no entorno desta Unidade de Conserva??o da Natureza foram feitos apontamentos quanto ao valor e significado dado pelos discentes, e como esta, o sentimento de pertencimento destes grupos. Esta disserta??o esta composta por dois cap?tulos, o primeiro tem como t?tulo Percep??o ambiental e sentimento de pertencimento em ?rea de prote??o ambiental litor?nea no RN Brasil, em que faz um diagn?stico de como estes grupos entende e percebe a Unidade de Conserva??o da Natureza. O segundo, que tem como t?tulo Constru??o do conhecimento ambiental e conserva??o de invertebrados em ?rea de Prote??o Ambiental litor?nea no nordeste do Brasil, desenvolvido especificamente na escola do interior da APA Jenipabu, com o intuito de promover o sentimento de pertencimento desses alunos para que se tornem agentes multiplicadores, como forma de perceber a import?ncia e necessidade de se ter esta Unidade de Conserva??o da Natureza. Vislumbrando o grau de import?ncia da Educa??o Ambiental como instrumento de sensibiliza??o para a conserva??o, seja dos invertebrados e de toda a fauna e flora existente, seja em uma Unidade de Conserva??o da Natureza ou n?o

Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-03-20T18:00:43Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) namibia_rizzari_leite.pdf: 3000386 bytes, checksum: 4ad82a1678a4c363522c1631a2cdead0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-03-29T14:18:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) namibia_rizzari_leite.pdf: 3000386 bytes, checksum: 4ad82a1678a4c363522c1631a2cdead0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-29T14:18:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) namibia_rizzari_leite.pdf: 3000386 bytes, checksum: 4ad82a1678a4c363522c1631a2cdead0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Esta pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da intera??o gen?tipo x n?veis de lisina digest?vel das dietas sobre caracter?sticas morfom?tricas e de desempenho de til?pias do Nilo, variedade GIFT, em fase de crescimento. O experimento foi constitu?do de duas fases, sendo que na primeira as til?pias foram alimentadas dos 90 aos 150 dias de idade com dietas contendo percentuais de lisina iguais a 1,43, 1,53, 1,63, 1,73 e 1,83 e na segunda fase, dos 151 aos 255 dias, os percentuais de lisina das dietas foram iguais a 1,28, 1,38, 1,48, 1,58 e 1,68. As til?pias foram pesadas dos 90 aos 255 dias de idade com intervalos de aproximadamente 30 dias, foram calculados o ganho de peso total e o ganho de peso di?rio e, posteriormente, as idades foram ajustadas para 90 e 150 dias na primeira fase, e 185, 220 e 255 dias na segunda fase. As medidas de altura, largura, comprimento de cabe?a, comprimento padr?o e comprimento total das til?pias foram coletadas aos 150 dias de idade. A partir desses dados, foram calculadas as rela??es cabe?a/comprimento padr?o, comprimento padr?o/comprimento total e largura/altura. Modelos de regress?o aleat?ria, por meio do modelo animal uni caracter?stica, foram utilizados para avaliar a sensibilidades dos valores gen?ticos aos n?veis de lisina digest?vel das dietas, plotando-se as normas de rea??o de 25 peixes amostrados aleatoriamente para as diferentes caracter?sticas para demonstrar o padr?o de comportamento dos valores gen?ticos das caracter?sticas ao longo do gradiente ambiental. Foram testados modelos com homogeneidade (1 classe) e heterogeneidade de vari?ncia residual (2, 3 e 4 classes). Modelos com heterogeneidade de vari?ncia residual foram mais adequados para avalia??o gen?tica da maioria das caracter?sticas das til?pias na primeira fase e modelos com homogeneidade de vari?ncia residual para a maioria das caracter?sticas de desempenho das til?pias avaliadas na segunda fase. Os valores gen?ticos das til?pias, em ambas as fases, variaram entre os n?veis de lisina estudados para a maioria das caracter?sticas, indicando a presen?a de intera??o gen?tipo x ambiente. No geral, as herdabilidades e vari?ncias gen?ticas aditivas variaram de baixas a altas magnitudes. As correla??es de Spearman, assim como as normas de rea??o, indicaram reordenamento dos valores gen?ticos ao longo do gradiente ambiental, sugerindo a presen?a de intera??o gen?tipo x ambiente. A sele??o para desempenho e medidas morfom?tricas de til?pias GIFT deve ser realizada no n?vel de lisina da dieta com a qual as til?pias ser?o alimentadas. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / This research was carried out with the objective of evaluating the effect of genotype x levels of digestible lysine of the diets on morphometric and performance characteristics of Nile tilapia, GIFT variety, in the growing phase. The experiment consisted of two phases, and in the first the tilapia were fed from 90 to 150 days of age diets containing lysine percentages equal to 1.43, 1.53, 1.63, 1.73 and 1.83. In the second phase, from 151 to 255 days, the lysine percentages of the diets were 1.28, 1.38, 1.48, 1.58 and 1.68. Tilapia were weighed from 90 to 255 days of age at intervals of approximately 30 days. Total weight gain and daily weight gain were calculated and, subsequently, were adjusted for 90 and 150 days in the first phase, and 185 , 220 and 255 days in the second phase. The measurements of height, width, head length, standard length and total length of tilapias were collected at 150 days of age. From these data, the head / standard length ratios, standard length / total length and width / height ratios were calculated. Single trait random regression modes were used in the analyses and the reaction norm plots of 25 randomly sampled fishes were used to demonstrate the sensitivity of breeding values to dietary digestible lysine level. Models with homogeneity (1 class) and heterogeneity of residual variance (2, 3 and 4 classes) were tested. Models considering heterogeneity of residual variance were more adequate for genetic evaluation of most of the characteristics of tilapia in the first phase and models considering homogeneity of residual variance for most of the performance characteristics of tilapia evaluated in the second phase. The breeding values of tilapia, in both phases, varied among the lysine levels studied for most of the traits, indicating the presence of genotype x environment interaction. In general, heritabilities and additive genetic variances varied from low to high magnitude. Spearman correlations, as well as the reaction norms, suggested rearrangement of breeding values along the environmental gradient, again indicating the presence of genotype x environment interaction. The selection for performance and morphometric traits of tilapia GIFT strain should be performed at the lysine level of the diet with which the tilapia will be fed.

Indecent assault consists in an unlawful and intentional indecent assault which is and is intended to be indecent. There is some controversy in the case law whether the indecency is committed only by acts which are, objectively speaking indecent, against the view that even though the act is not indecent itself, may nevertheless found a conviction of indecent assault if it was the intention of the accused to act indecent and such intention was conveyed to the victim. It is submitted that the last mentioned approach is to be preferred but that the following test should be used: 1. If the act, is objectively speaking indecent and there is no doubt about the unlawfulness as well as the indecent intention of the accused, the crime of indecent assault was committed. 2. If the act is objectively speaking indecent but the indecent intention of the accused can not be proven, there is a rebuttable presumption that the accused acted with an indecent intention. Such as presumption must be rebutted b the accused himself. 3. If the act is not objectively speaking, indecent but the indecent intention of the accused can for example be proven by the accused confession to such an intention, the act became indecent. / Text in Afrikaans / Law / LL.M.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:05:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RogerioGA_DISSERT.pdf: 8092447 bytes, checksum: 8092c9fc8e1a9696dd331b3c086d01ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-05 / The National Program of Professional Education Integration with Basic Education for Youngsters and Adults (PROEJA) Technical Professional Education Ensino M?dio has opened a new chapter in the history of education in Brazil, making possible the integration of basic education and professional education. This new form of education, which is still in its early implementation, presents a series of challenges to be overcome. Specifically about the teaching of Chemistry, didactic material to match PROEJA s specific needs is practically inexistent. Thus, this work has the purpose of developing didactic material for the teaching of Chemistry for Professional and Technological Education of Youngsters and Adults in the courses of Electronics, Technical Electronics and Maintenance and Support for Computing at Instituto Federal de Educa??o,Ci?ncia e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte. This material aims at working chemical concepts of oxi-reduction reactions through a theme approach following Freire s conceptions for the teaching of Youngsters and Adults / O Programa Nacional de Integra??o da Educa??o Profissional com a Educa??o B?sica na Modalidade de Educa??o de Jovens e Adultos - Educa??o Profissional T?cnica de N?vel M?dio / Ensino M?dio (PROEJA) abriu um novo cap?tulo na hist?ria da educa??o de jovens e adultos, possibilitando a integra??o da educa??o profissional ? educa??o b?sica. Essa modalidade de educa??o, que ainda se encontra em fase inicial de implementa??o, apresenta uma s?rie de desafios a serem superados. No caso espec?fico de ensino de Qu?mica, ? praticamente inexistente material did?tico elaborado para atender ?s especificidades dos alunos do PROEJA. Nesse sentido, tivemos como prop?sito, no presente trabalho, o desenvolvimento de um material did?tico para o ensino de Qu?mica na Educa??o Profissional e Tecnol?gica de Jovens e Adultos nos cursos de eletr?nica, eletrot?cnica e manuten??o e suporte em inform?tica oferecidos pelo Instituto Federal de Educa??o,Ci?ncia e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte. Esse material did?tico tem como objetivo trabalhar o conceito qu?mico de rea??es de oxirredu??o atrav?s de uma abordagem tem?tica seguindo as concep??es freireanas para Educa??o de Jovens e Adultos

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:06:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaERS_DISSERT.pdf: 1409095 bytes, checksum: 47d94589cef732af65add0f419e0a74b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-06 / This study presents the results of a survey conducted in the area of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in order to identify (1) the learning needs of students in a course in Tourism, their desires and lacks, at a federal university, with respect to use of English; (2) the needs of the present situation of teachers and the coordinator of that course as to the language; (3) the needs of the target situation of professionals (graduates) and companies with respect to this language. This research is a case study (STAKE, 1998; YIN, 2009) and was used for data collection, instruments such as questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and document on the Tourism Course. To this end, it was adopted the theoretical basis for the constructs of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) Ingl?s para Fins Espec?ficos (IFE) in Brazil, also known as Ingl?s Instrumental, whose foundation is based on the work by Hutchinson and Waters (1987), Robinson (1991), Dudley-Evans and St. John (1998), Celani, Deyes, Holmes, Scott (2006), among others, since this work is devoted to a specific area, Tourism. Results show that students opined the ability to prioritize reading and speaking into the classroom. Professionals reported that the latter is an indispensable tool for entering the labor market, yet they feel unprepared and need to attend English language courses in private language schools. The testimony of company executives also point to this deficiency. Finally, the present situation of teachers reveals that, while advocating the use of English in the classroom, this is not because students prefer their mother tongue. There is also an evident lack of needs analysis. Eventually, the coordinator said that there is some uncertainty as to the methodology, content and language skills worked, and the lack of interaction among teachers of English. It was concluded, therefore, it is important to conduct a needs analysis so that one can redesign a course that meets the different contextual needs: students, teachers, coordination, represented by the institutional needs, and the labor market / Este estudo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa desenvolvida na ?rea de Ingl?s para Fins Espec?ficos (IFE) com o objetivo de identificar (1) as necessidades de aprendizagem dos alunos de um curso de Turismo, seus desejos e car?ncias, numa universidade federal, quanto ao uso do ingl?s; (2) as necessidades da situa??o atual dos professores e do coordenador do referido curso quanto ao idioma; (3) as necessidades da situa??o-alvo dos profissionais (egressos) e empresas com rela??o a essa l?ngua. Esta pesquisa ? um estudo de caso (STAKE, 1998; YIN, 2009) e foram utilizados, para levantamento dos dados, como instrumentos de coleta: question?rios, entrevistas semiestruturadas, al?m de documento sobre o curso de Turismo. Para tanto, foram adotados como aporte te?rico os construtos do English for Specific Purposes (ESP) Ingl?s para Fins Espec?ficos (IFE) tamb?m conhecido no Brasil como Ingl?s Instrumental, cuja fundamenta??o baseia-se nos trabalhos de Hutchinson e Waters (1987), Robinson (1991), Dudley-Evans e St. John (1998), Celani, Deyes, Holmes, Scott (2006), dentre outros, visto que este trabalho ? voltado para uma ?rea espec?fica, o turismo. Os resultados demonstram que os alunos opinaram pela habilidade em leitura e priorizaram a oralidade em sala de aula. Os egressos relataram que esta ?ltima ? uma ferramenta indispens?vel para sua entrada no mercado de trabalho; mesmo assim, sentem-se despreparados, necessitando frequentar escolas de l?ngua. O depoimento dos dirigentes de empresas tamb?m aponta para essa defici?ncia. Por ?ltimo, a situa??o atual dos professores denota que, embora defendam o uso da l?ngua inglesa em sala de aula, isso n?o acontece, porque os alunos preferem a l?ngua materna. Tamb?m ficou evidenciada a inexist?ncia de an?lise de necessidades. Por fim, a coordenadora informou que h? certa indefini??o quanto ? metodologia, aos conte?dos e ?s habilidades lingu?sticas trabalhadas, al?m da falta de intera??o entre os professores de ingl?s. Conclui-se, portanto, que ? relevante realizar uma an?lise de necessidades para que se possa redesenhar um curso que atenda ?s diferentes necessidades contextuais: de alunos, professores, coordena??o, representada pelas necessidades institucionais, profissionais e o mercado de trabalho

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:37:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariliaASB_DISSERT.pdf: 1394968 bytes, checksum: b076e332a2c3f4b9375156425fad6f0f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Bats correspond to 20% of the extant mammal species and, with a few exceptions, use echolocation, a spacial orientation system based on emission and analysis of echoes from sound waves, generally ultrasounds. Echolocation was discovered in the 1940 s and since the 1970 s ultrasound detectors have been commercially available, allowing the investigation of several aspects of the natural history and ecology of bats. Passive acoustic monitoring has been frequently used in habitat use studies, predominantly in North America and Europe, by comparing the number of bat passes between different habitat types. This dissertation presents the first evaluation of the spacial and seasonal variation patterns in the activity of insectivorous bats in the Brazilian biome Pampa, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Since bat activity can vary according to habitat type, time of year and climatic conditions, the following hypotheses were tested: 1. bat activity varies between different types of habitat; 2. bat activity varies seasonally; 3. bat activity is influenced by temperature, humidity and wind speed. The acoustic samples were taken along fixed transects of 1500 meters, which were monitored monthly from April 2009 to March 2010. Five habitat types were sampled: eucalypts, stream, riparian forest, wetland and grassland. In each sample, the number of bat passes was obtained by using an ultrasound detector Pettersson D230. A total of 1183 bat passes were registered. Greater bat activity levels was observed along large eucalypts (1.93 bat passes/3min) and along a stream (1.61 bat passes/3 min). A riparian forest (0.94 bat passes/3 min) and a wetland area (0.61 bat passes/3 min) exhibited statistically equal levels of activity. Bat passes were fewer in grassland areas (0,16 bat passes/3 min). Bat activity was not correlated with abiotic factors. However, bat activity was significantly low in the colder season, winter, and was similar in autumn, spring and summer. The observed preference for vegetation borders and water courses agrees with reports from other countries and is attributed predominantly to the high prey abundance in these types of environments. Additionally, low activity in the winter is probably a response to the reduced availability of insects, and to lower temperatures. Our results indicate which areas of arboreal vegetation and water courses should be priorities for the conservation of bats and that alterations of these habitat types might negatively influence bat activity in the region / Os morcegos correspondem a 20% dos mam?feros atuais e, com poucas exce??es, apresentam ecolocaliza??o, um sistema de orienta??o espacial a partir da emiss?o e an?lise de ecos de ondas sonoras, geralmente ultrassons. A ecolocaliza??o foi descoberta na d?cada de 1940 e a partir de 1970 detectores de ultrassons tornaram-se comercialmente dispon?veis, permitindo a investiga??o de diversos aspectos sobre hist?ria natural e ecologia de morcegos. Monitoramentos ac?sticos passivos tem sido frequentemente utilizados em estudos de uso de h?bitat, principalmente na Am?rica do Norte e Europa, comparando-se diferentes locais quanto ao n?mero de vezes em que morcegos s?o detectados. A presente disserta??o apresenta a primeira avalia??o de padr?es espaciais e sazonais na atividade de quir?pteros inset?voros do Brasil, realizada no bioma Pampa, Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Uma vez que a atividade de morcegos pode variar de acordo com o h?bitat, o per?odo do ano e condi??es clim?ticas, foram testadas as seguintes hip?teses: 1. a atividade de morcegos ? heterog?nea entre diferentes tipos de h?bitat; 2. a atividade apresenta varia??es sazonais; 3. a atividade ? influenciada pela temperatura, umidade e velocidade do vento. As amostragens ac?sticas foram realizadas em transectos fixos de 1500 metros, monitorados mensalmente de abril de 2009 a mar?o de 2010. Os transectos abrangeram cinco tipos de h?bitat: Eucaliptos, Mata Ciliar, Banhado, Canal e Campo. Em cada amostragem, foram obtidos o n?mero de registros de atividade com um detector de ultrassons Pettersson D230. No total, foram obtidos 1183 registros de atividade, sendo que os maiores n?veis de atividade de quir?pteros foram observados em ?rea de ?rvores de eucaliptos de grande porte (1,93 registros/3 min) e de um canal (1,61 registros/3 min). Em segundo lugar, a borda de uma mata ciliar (0,94 registros/3 min) e a margem de um banhado (0,61 registros/3 min) apresentaram n?veis estatisticamente equivalentes de atividade. As ?reas de campo foram menos utilizadas. A atividade de quir?pteros n?o apresentou correla??o com os fatores abi?ticos. Por?m, foi significativamente menor na esta??o mais fria, o inverno, e apresentou valores similares no outono, primavera e ver?o. A prefer?ncia por bordas de vegeta??o e cursos d??gua coincide com o documentado para outros pa?ses e ? atribu?da principalmente ? concentra??o de presas nestes tipos de ambiente. Do mesmo modo, a diminui??o da atividade no inverno ? provavelmente uma resposta ? menor disponibilidade de insetos, al?m das baixas temperaturas. Nossos dados indicam que ?reas de vegeta??o arb?rea e cursos d??gua s?o priorit?rias para a conserva??o de morcegos e que altera??es nestes tipos de h?bitat tendem a influenciar negativamente a atividade de morcegos na regi?o

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-08-03T17:19:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - L?o Manso Ribeiro.pdf: 2045163 bytes, checksum: b33674eb288f4cea0f42bbb60c8a5a04 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-03T17:19:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - L?o Manso Ribeiro.pdf: 2045163 bytes, checksum: b33674eb288f4cea0f42bbb60c8a5a04 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-23 / We believe that the education management model presented by the government of Rio de Janeiro State transfers to teachers all responsibility for problems faced in education. The logic established by this new paradigm is based on a productivist vision and does not establish a proposal for public education guided by an emancipatory practice, that is, to enable students to understand their reality, showing only concern with the improvement of the indexes provided by the state network teaching the assessments established by the Ministry of Education (MEC). The choice for this research demonstrates our interest in contributing to the investigation into the current model of school management of the State Schools of Rio de Janeiro that determines restructuring the work of teachers. The relevance of this research directs to the expansion of knowledge about the reactions that teachers of Ciep Brizol?o 175 Jos? Rego Lins have in relation to the implementation of managerialism as a new paradigm of management of school work in the State Network of Rio State Education from January. For data collection, we use the following instruments: analysis of primary literature sources; analysis of secondary sources; application of a questionnaire with open questions and multiple choice (closed); interviews with key informants and field diary. We find that the social, political and economic management of this new paradigm of school work, conduct search students (workers) a conformation regarding the structure of contemporary society. And because of this, a significant number of teachers as well as the management team, have huge critical to the implementation of GIDE due to her focus the results to be achieved in IDEB instead of seeking to develop a management model that provides students the ability to become emancipated individuals. / Consideramos que o modelo de gerenciamento da educa??o apresentado pelo governo do Estado do Rio de Janeiro transfere aos professores toda a responsabilidade pelos problemas enfrentados na educa??o. A l?gica estabelecida por este novo paradigma ? fundamentada numa vis?o produtivista e n?o estabelece uma proposta de educa??o p?blica orientada por uma pr?tica emancipadora, ou seja, que permita aos estudantes compreender a sua realidade, demonstrando apenas preocupa??o com a melhora dos ?ndices apresentados pela rede estadual de ensino nas avalia??es estabelecidas pelo Minist?rio da Educa??o (MEC). A escolha por essa pesquisa demonstra nosso interesse em contribuir com as investiga??es sobre o atual modelo de gest?o escolar da Rede Estadual de Ensino do Rio de Janeiro que determina uma reestrutura??o no trabalho dos professores. A relev?ncia desta pesquisa direciona-se ? amplia??o do conhecimento a respeito das rea??es que os docentes do Ciep Brizol?o 175 Jos? Lins do Rego possuem em rela??o ? implanta??o do gerencialismo como novo paradigma da gest?o do trabalho escolar na Rede Estadual de Educa??o do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Para levantamento de dados, nos utilizamos dos seguintes instrumentos: an?lise de fontes bibliogr?ficas prim?rias; an?lise de fontes secund?rias; aplica??o de um question?rio com quest?es abertas e de m?ltipla escolha (fechadas); entrevista com informante-chave e um di?rio de campo. Constatamos que o significado social, pol?tico e econ?mico deste novo paradigma de gest?o do trabalho escolar, busca conduzir os estudantes (trabalhadores) a uma conforma??o em rela??o a estrutura da sociedade contempor?nea. E, em fun??o disso, um n?mero expressivo de professores como tamb?m da equipe gestora, possuem enormes cr?ticas ? implanta??o da GIDE em decorr?ncia dela privilegiar os resultados a serem alcan?ados no IDEB ao inv?s de procurar desenvolver um modelo de gest?o que forne?a aos estudantes a capacidade de tornarem-se indiv?duos emancipados.

Humanitär intervention är ett begrepp inom internationella relationer som väcker många känslor och frågor. Trots att idén om att använda våld för att stoppa brott mot de mänskli-ga rättigheter kan verka attraktivt från ett moraliskt perspektiv, vilket man i århundraden har gjort, har denna praktik varit synnerligen oregelbunden. Detta i hög grad beroende på den ambivalens som finns inför de internationella normer som skall reglera staters använ-dande av militärt våld. Synen på humanitära interventioner har ändrats i överensstämmelse med de förändringar som skett inom det internationella systemet. Dessa ändringar har, till viss del, medfört en förändrad syn på de normer som legitimerar användandet av våld inom det internationella samfundet. Humanitära interventioner som begrepp och praktik innehåller många dilemman i vår tid. Detta eftersom det berör traditionella normer av suveränitet och ickeintervention, som är de främsta byggstenarna för det moderna internationella systemet, tillika del av Förenta Na-tionernas (FN) stadgar. Stater är i dag förbjudna att använda militärt våld som ett instru-ment i deras utrikespolitik, förutom i fall av självförsvar eller i kollektiva säkerhetsåtgärder, beslutade av FN:s säkerhetsråd. Det handlar även om att det finns traditionella normer som förbjuder intervention i andra staters interna angelägenheter. Dessutom ska allt militärt våld auktorernas av säkerhetsrådet, som har till uppgift att upprätthålla internationell fred och säkerhet. Med detta perspektiv för ögonen, är användandet av våld för att genomdriva internationella humanitära normer, mycket begränsad enligt internationell lag. Detta har i många situatio-ner skapat ett svart hål när det kommer till att stoppa allvarliga förbrytelser mot de mänsk-liga rättigheter, genom internationellt ingripande. Ovanstående har lett till att man börjat diskutera och ifrågasätta traditionella principer som har varit ledande för det internationella samarbetet, vilket i sin tur skulle kunna öppna vägen för vissa interventioner med humani-tära syften. Denna diskussion handlar om suveränitet, internationella lag och det handlar om moraliska ställningstaganden. Realismen har under lång tid varit den ledande skolan i internationella relationer och därmed lagt grunden för hur man ska tolka internationella konflikter, krigs-föring och interventioner. På senare tid har Realismen utmanats av andra teoretiska skolor och ställningstaganden som ifrågasätter Realismens förmåga att förklara händelser på den internationella arenan. Genom att jämföra Realismens ståndpunkter, gentemot humanitära interventioner, med Utilitarismen och den Kosmopolitiska skolan, har uppsatsen kunnat presentera olika bilder av den problematik som humanitära interventioner idag står inför och därmed måste för-hålla sig till. Igenom att granska konflikten i Rwanda 1994 och Kosovo 1999 har problema-tiken runt humanitära interventioner ytterligare kunnat belysas och diskuteras. Detta har skett genom en kvalitativ textanalys. Nyckelord: Humanitär Intervention, Suveränitet, Icke-intervention, Internationell lag, Rea-lism, Kosmopolitanism, Utilitarism, Moral / Humanitarian intervention is a concept within international relations that provoke many diverse feelings and questions. Although the idée too use force in the name of ending crimes against human rights may seem attractive from a moral perspective, its practise has been highly irregular. This is much due to the norms that regulate states use of military force. The view on humanitarian interventions has changed in unity with the changes that have appeared within the international system. These changes have, to some extent, brought on a transformation in how we look upon the norms that regulate the use of force within the international community. Humanitarian intervention is also a concept and practises that creates many dilemmas in our time. This because it touches and concerns traditional norms of sovereignty and non-intervention, that is not only fundamental building stones for the modern international system, but also a immense part of the structure of the United Nations (UN). States today, are forbidden to use military force as an integrated part of their foreign policy, except in cases of self-defence or collective security measures authorised by the UN Security Council. It is also about customary norms, which declare that states should not interfere in other states internal affaires. In the company of the above stated, the use of force to implement humanitarian norms is fairly limited according to international law. This has repeatedly created a gap when it comes to stop serious violations against human rights through international interference. The above stated has led to an intense discussion concerning how traditional principals may have to chance in ways that better can guide international cooperation’s in these matters. This discussion may in turn lead to an opening for some sort of interventions with humanitarian purposes. This discussion, furthermore, concerns sovereignty, international law, and it is about morality. Realism has for a long period of time been the leading school in international relations and has laid the ground for how we should interpret international conflicts, war and intervention. Recently, this school has been forced too respond to opposition from some other theoretical schools; questioning Realisms ability to explain activities on the international arena. By comparing Realism opinion toward humanitarian interventions, with the Utilitarian and Cosmopolitan school, this thesis has been able to present different pictures describe the complexity of humanitarian interventions. Through analyse of the conflicts taking place in Rwanda 1994 and in Kosovo 1999, the issue of humanitarian intervention has been further scrutinised and discussed. This has been done through a qualitative text analyse. Keywords: Humanitarian Intervention, Sovereignty, Non-intervention, International law, Realism, Cosmopolitanism, Utilitarianism, Morality