The purpose of this study was to describe public, two-year college residence hall programs, and compare them to nearby public, four-year college and university residence hall programs. Program comparisons were made using criteria of stated purposes, educational programs and services offered, selected institutional characteristics, and estimated effects on student development. Univariate statistics, including frequencies, percentages, t-Tests, and chi-square procedures were used to analyze the data collected by a 53-item questionnaire. Two-hundred ten public, two-year colleges were found to operate residence hall programs and they were compared to 110 public, four-year college and university residence hall programs. A response rate of 77.5% was achieved. Significant differences were found between the two- and four-year samples on each criteria applied. Two-year college residence hall programs differed from four-year college or university residence hall programs in stated purpose, in the range and type of educational programs and services provided, in the institutional characteristics, and in the estimated effects of residence hall programs on overall student development. Differences in scope and in quality of programs generally favored four-year colleges and universities. Perceptions of two-year colleges as institutions that enroll only commuter students may need to be altered. Approximately 21% of public, two-year colleges operate a residence hall program of some type. / Ed. D.

A residence hall is a temporary home. Yet, it can be the most impactful campus environment on a student's education and life. From lifelong friendships to retention rates, residence halls affect students as many experience their first opportunity to express their individuality and personal responsibility. No study can conclusively determine that one residence hall type is better than another. Rather, it is a hall's overall gestalt that determines student satisfaction and a positive perception of community. The question of my thesis explores how residence hall architecture can anticipate its role as an inspiring distraction to the individual that provokes interaction, engagement, and community as a building type that is not quite transient and not quite permanent. / Master of Architecture

this house began as a desire to place a single floating mass on the horizon, but became an exploration of proportion, material, and volume, and how they relate to each other. / Master of Architecture

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to understand entry-level, live-in residence life professionals' experiences of resilience in the workplace. Resilience is a multilevel, biopsychosocial construct that broadly refers one's ability to maintain or improve positive function in response to adversity (Cicchetti, 2010; Masten and Wright, 2010). Workplace resilience is specifically concerned with such adaptive processes and outcomes in response to job stress. Resilience research has been conducted primarily from a post-positivist, diagnostic perspective that has failed to give attention to the diverse experiences of resilience in different contexts. This study was conducted using a constructivist perspective to develop an understanding of workplace resilience in the unique context of live-in residence life work in institutions of higher education where job stress, burnout, and attrition occur at high rates. Ten participants were purposefully selected through expert referral for two 90-minute, in-depth interviews to discuss their history, experiences, and reflections regarding adversity and resilience in the workplace. Data were analyzed inductively to discover themes regarding resilience for residence life professionals. Findings illuminated participant experiences of workplace adversity and resilience, as well as participant beliefs about themselves and the nature and role of resilience in the workplace context. Discussion of findings resulted in four primary conclusions: (a) adversity and resilience coexist in balance with each other; (b) resilience can be learned, as well as lost; (c) resilience is personal and experienced uniquely by individuals; and (d) resilience is a systems issue that is promoted through partnership. Implications for future policy, practice, and research were discussed. / Ph. D. / Entry-level residence life professionals living where they work experience high rates of job stress, burnout, and attrition. These individual concerns also create challenges for organizational effectiveness. Many studies have uncovered factors related to these issues, but few have considered what promotes perseverance in the face of such adversity. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to understand entry-level, live-in residence life professionals’ experiences of workplace resilience, a construct that broadly refers one’s ability to maintain or improve positive function in response to adversity in the workplace. This study was conducted with a constructivist approach to understand the individual experiences of diverse participants. Ten participants engaged in two individual 90-minute, indepth interviews to discuss their history, experiences, and reflections regarding adversity and resilience in the workplace. Data were analyzed inductively to discover themes regarding resilience for residence life professionals. Findings illuminated participant experiences of workplace adversity and resilience, as well as participant beliefs about themselves and the nature and role of resilience in the workplace context. Discussion of findings resulted in four primary conclusions: (a) adversity and resilience coexist in balance with each other; (b) resilience can be learned, as well as lost; (c) resilience is personal and experienced uniquely by individuals; and (d) resilience is a systems issue that is promoted through partnership. Implications of these findings suggest that individual and organizational outcomes of adversity and resilience are intertwined, and further understanding and promotion of workplace resilience in this setting could be mutually beneficial by contributing to improved employee wellbeing and performance.

For many aggregate mining facilities, the stockpile is the preferred method of storing rock. In many aggregate mines, as well as other mines using stockpiling techniques, understanding the timing and flow of particles through a stockpile is important for correctly timing samples, making proper process adjustments and overall stockpile safety. Because much of the research of today lacks important information regarding actual interior particle movement within a stockpile, a series of Real Time Distribution (RTD) analyses and stockpile flow models have been prepared and analyzed for this study in order to better understand the flow characteristics of a stockpile. A series of three RTD analyses performed on three separate stockpiles provides information leading to the assumption that stockpiles tend to operate similar to a plug flow system. While conveyor loading techniques may lead to separation of rocks prior to traveling through the stockpile, the majority of the rock particles entering the pile remain near the point of entry, or within the "action" area, and will travel through the pile in a plug flow, rather than a mixed flow, manner. High Peclet number results for each analysis prove this assumption to be accurate. A series of models on three separate stockpiles have been created using PFC3d. Mainly, the simulations prove PFC3d is capable of showing how stockpile particles move in three dimensions while monitoring specific particles within the pile. In addition, these models provide simulation results similar to the results obtained within the RTD analyses. Results show that particles located directly above the discharge point, or "action" area, travel through the pile at a faster rate than particles surrounding this area. Velocity results obtained from the simulations show particles accelerating as they get closer to the discharge points while also providing evidence of "arching" during the simulation process. These findings provide a better understanding of internal flow within the stockpile and ways to possibly predict future stockpile flow issues that may be encountered. / Master of Science

Trace metal concentrations in soil solution, and hence trace metal bioavailability and toxicity, are primarily controlled by sorption/desorption reactions at the mineral-water interface. While numerous studies have been conducted to understand the initial adsorption of these metals to soil minerals, less in known about long-term adsorption/ desorption processes. The objective of this study was to examine the influence of residence time and organic acids on the desorption of Pb2+and Cd2+ from goethite. Adsorption experiments were conducted at pH 6.0. Lead adsorption was nearly completed after 4 hours, with very little additional sorption during a 20-week period. In contrast cadmium showed a continuous slight increase in the amount of adsorption over the 20-week period. Desorption experiments were conducted at pH 4.5 and similar to previous studies examining trace metal desorption from oxide surfaces, the desorption kinetics for Pb2+and Cd2+ were slow compared to the sorption reaction. None of the experiments were completely reversible after an eight-hour desorption period. For all experiments except long-term Pb2+ desorption, the quantity of metal desorbed from goethite followed the order salicylate >NaNO3 > oxalate. Based on differences in cation affinity for the iron oxide surface one would expect a greater quantity of Cd2+ to be removed compared to Pb2+, for each of the extracting solutions. However at a pH of 4.5 we did not find a statistically significant trend. We observed a difference between the amount of metal removed for short and long-term experiments in five of six experiments, but these differences were only significant for Pb2+ experiments in the presence of salicylate. Two first order rate equations best fit the kinetics of trace metals desorption, with R2 values greater than 0.910 in all cases. Although our results show a decrease in rate coefficients (expect k1 for oxalate) with increased residence time, statistical analysis indicates that these results were only significant for Pb2+ experiments in the presence of salicylate. However raw and transformed data both suggest that desorption values are diverging as a function of aging time. Similar to other researchers we believe that Pb2+ and Cd2+ are sequestered by the goethite surface with an increase in residence time. These results suggest that residence time effects observed by many researchers are much less prevalent at low pH values. Therefore a reduction in soil pH created by natural anthropogenic processes may reduce the ability of soils to naturally sequester metals over time. / Master of Science

O trabalho traz uma análise da formação dos médicos na Residência Médica (RM), buscando encontrar subsídios para compreender o papel de um programa de Formação Continuada (FC) e dos formadores que nele atuam, preocupados com uma mudança efetiva na prática docente. Toma como objeto de estudo um programa de RM numa escola de medicina conceituada. Por meio de entrevistas com residentes e formadores são encontradas suas concepções sobre a formação profissional desenvolvida nesse programa e a relação com as atividades que compõe o processo. Os resultados dessa análise mostram que os comportamentos e as competências instalados nos residentes extrapolam o conhecimento obtido dentro da racionalidade técnica que está presente nos cursos de graduação da medicina; o curso em questão favorece a aproximação dos residentes da realidade dos problemas a enfrentar na profissão que desempenharão. No campo da Formação Continuada de professores o trabalho retoma os resultados encontrados num programa aparentemente bem sucedido. Nesse programa de FC, o trabalho cotidiano do professor com seus alunos reais foi acompanhado (Scarinci, 2010); o planejamento pedagógico inicial do professor era continuamente reformulado por ele mesmo à medida que apareciam os resultados da aprendizagem; a orientação pedagógica apoiou-se em concepções da aprendizagem de cunho construtivista; a compreensão do processo que se estabeleceu neste caso dá conta uma performance profissional que se considera bem sucedida. Assim, a pesquisa aqui apresentada procura encontrar um apoio no que ocorre com o desenvolvimento profissional dos médicos e no papel que a Residência Médica exerce sobre a profissionalização. Com isto, relacionar os dois programas para extrair subsídios e recomendações para os formadores que atuam na FC de professores. / The study analyses medical residence aiming to an understanding of teachers continuous formation. The work deals with an analysis of medicine doctors continuous formation in Medical Residence (MR) aiming to search for subsides that may help to understand the role of formators acting ins a Continuous Formation (CF) program that are concerned with an effective change of teaching practice. The analysis object is taken from a MR program at a traditional medical school. Residents and formators conceptions about professional formation in this program and their relation with the process activities were disclosed by means of interviews. Results of this analysis have shown that the residents behavior and their competence extrapolate the knowledge that was obtained within the technical rationality of undergraduate courses; the residence program approaches residents to the reality of problems that they have to face in their profession. In the field of teachers continuous formation the work takes results found in an apparently successful program. In this CF program teachers everyday practice with their real students was followed up and analyzed (Scarinci, 2010); the teacher initial pedagogical planning was continuously reformulated by himself in view of outcoming learning results; pedagogical direction was based on constructivist learning conceptions; the process understanding in this case seems to correspond to a successful professional performance. Therefore the present research is trying to find support to find support in what doctors professional development and in the role of Medical Residence in professionalization. The aims is to relate the two programs in order to find subsides and recommendations that may be applied to formators acting in the teachers CF.

O trabalho traz uma análise da formação dos médicos na Residência Médica (RM), buscando encontrar subsídios para compreender o papel de um programa de Formação Continuada (FC) e dos formadores que nele atuam, preocupados com uma mudança efetiva na prática docente. Toma como objeto de estudo um programa de RM numa escola de medicina conceituada. Por meio de entrevistas com residentes e formadores são encontradas suas concepções sobre a formação profissional desenvolvida nesse programa e a relação com as atividades que compõe o processo. Os resultados dessa análise mostram que os comportamentos e as competências instalados nos residentes extrapolam o conhecimento obtido dentro da racionalidade técnica que está presente nos cursos de graduação da medicina; o curso em questão favorece a aproximação dos residentes da realidade dos problemas a enfrentar na profissão que desempenharão. No campo da Formação Continuada de professores o trabalho retoma os resultados encontrados num programa aparentemente bem sucedido. Nesse programa de FC, o trabalho cotidiano do professor com seus alunos reais foi acompanhado (Scarinci, 2010); o planejamento pedagógico inicial do professor era continuamente reformulado por ele mesmo à medida que apareciam os resultados da aprendizagem; a orientação pedagógica apoiou-se em concepções da aprendizagem de cunho construtivista; a compreensão do processo que se estabeleceu neste caso dá conta uma performance profissional que se considera bem sucedida. Assim, a pesquisa aqui apresentada procura encontrar um apoio no que ocorre com o desenvolvimento profissional dos médicos e no papel que a Residência Médica exerce sobre a profissionalização. Com isto, relacionar os dois programas para extrair subsídios e recomendações para os formadores que atuam na FC de professores. / The study analyses medical residence aiming to an understanding of teachers continuous formation. The work deals with an analysis of medicine doctors continuous formation in Medical Residence (MR) aiming to search for subsides that may help to understand the role of formators acting ins a Continuous Formation (CF) program that are concerned with an effective change of teaching practice. The analysis object is taken from a MR program at a traditional medical school. Residents and formators conceptions about professional formation in this program and their relation with the process activities were disclosed by means of interviews. Results of this analysis have shown that the residents behavior and their competence extrapolate the knowledge that was obtained within the technical rationality of undergraduate courses; the residence program approaches residents to the reality of problems that they have to face in their profession. In the field of teachers continuous formation the work takes results found in an apparently successful program. In this CF program teachers everyday practice with their real students was followed up and analyzed (Scarinci, 2010); the teacher initial pedagogical planning was continuously reformulated by himself in view of outcoming learning results; pedagogical direction was based on constructivist learning conceptions; the process understanding in this case seems to correspond to a successful professional performance. Therefore the present research is trying to find support to find support in what doctors professional development and in the role of Medical Residence in professionalization. The aims is to relate the two programs in order to find subsides and recommendations that may be applied to formators acting in the teachers CF.

Surface transient storage (STS) in stream ecosystems serve an important function in retaining nutrients and refugia for aquatic communities. Unfortunately, they can retain contaminants as well. Therefore, it is of importance to determine the residence time distribution (RTD). A RTD of a particular STS zone encompasses the time it takes for the first pulse of water to leave the STS zone, and for the mean residence time of water in that zone, among other things. The RTD of STS is also useful to subtract from the RTD of the total transient storage in streams in order to determine the hyporheic transient storage (HTS) of streams, which is difficult to measure. Currently, there is no definitive method of determining the RTD of STS. They have been determined with tracer injection alone, though this is time consuming and subject to interference from HTS. A relationship between STS physical characteristics and a RTD would be desirable, as this would characterize the time of entrainment of STS based upon a few easily measured physical parameters. This exists for groyne fields and flumes, which both have artificial STS. However, direct application of these equations to natural STS leads to errors due to simplistic geometries. The focus of this study determines RTDs in lateral STS, which is adjacent to the main channel of a stream and a significant proportion of STS, and its relationship to physically measurable parameters of lateral STS. Twenty sites throughout Oregon were each injected with NaCl to determine four residence timescales: Langmuir time (��[subscript L]), negative inverse slope of the normalized concentration curve of the primary gyre (��[subscript 1]), negative inverse slope of the normalized concentration curve of the entire STS zone (��[subscript 2]), and the mean residence time (��[subscript STS]). The RTDs of these sites were then compared to the length, width, and depth of each lateral STS zone, as well as the velocity of the adjacent main channel. This data also was used to calculate dimensionless parameters submergence, a measure of bed roughness, and k, a measure of exchange that relates ��STS to lateral STS and associated parameters. ��[subscript 1] was found to be identical to ��[subscript STS], and ��[subscript 2] could not be defined. ��[subscript STS] was found to be approximately 1.35 times ��[subscript L], the ratio of which (��[subscript L]/��[subscript STS]) is positively correlated with lateral STS submergence. ��[subscript L] and ��[subscript STS] are positively correlated with lateral STS parameters, and inversely correlated with main channel velocity. The value of k from this study was comparable to the value of k from other studies in flumes, and so there is a relationship between RTDs and lateral STS parameters. / Graduation date: 2013

"Numerous higher education (HE) institutions in the United States (US) have created sustainability agendas, including construction of sustainable buildings. More than 200 US HE institutions, have at least one Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certified building on their campus (Princeton Review 2012). With the growing student population and need to house them, residence hall construction is rising nationwide. A profile of newly constructed building types shows residence halls hold the largest median area (Princeton Review 2012). In an effort to assess if sustainable residence halls are performing sustainably, a series of post occupancy evaluation (POE) indicators were selected. POE indicators were chosen through a review of widely adopted sustainability rating systems, scientific literature and student occupant feedback. The selected indicators address a range of parameters including: water and energy consumption, occupant thermal comfort, occupant consumption behavior and education, noise insulation (indoor and outdoor), and Facilities Management (FM) operational feedback. Furthermore, specific indicators such as building energy management systems (BEMS), building automation control systems (BACS) and artificial intelligence (AI) agents were examined. The proposed POE indicator framework data was collected from various key stakeholders including: designers, HE FM departments, residential life personnel, and student occupants. The dataset includes: actual temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) measurements of a LEED-Gold residence hall, actual water (9 residence halls) and energy consumption (4 residence halls) data, and feedback from designers, HE FM departments and 593 student occupants (LEED and non-LEED residence halls). The proposed POE indicator framework triangulates quantitative and qualitative data, via investigative and diagnostic techniques; creating a comprehensive building performance picture, vis-à-vis technical and non-technical parameters."