A pesquisa parte de inquietações docentes cotidianas de uma professora de Arte de escola básica da rede pública, que, ao relacionar seus processos artísticos com questões da docência e com os estudos dos conceitos de ―vida como obra de arte‖ (NIETZSCHE, 2012) e ―estética da existência‖ (FOUCAULT, 2004a), percebe a arte como um modo de pesquisar em educação. Com a realização de uma residência artística em uma escola básica da rede pública de Porto Alegre – RS, buscou-se produzir outros tempos e espaços para problematizar as emergências dos encontros entre arte e escola, a partir da seguinte problematica: De que modos uma residência artística pode vir a problematizar os tempos e os espaços da escola, a partir dos encontros entre arte e educação?. As experiências da residência artística na escola permitiram tensionar, de modo artístico, questões relacionadas ao cotidiano escolar, à docência e seus desafios no mundo contemporâneo. A arte permeou a pesquisa, em sentido expandido, a partir dos referenciais teóricos, como postura diante da vida, bem como, através de produções artísticas desenvolvidas na residência e de trabalhos de artistas que contribuem para pensar as questões emergentes neste trabalho. Os encontros entre arte e escola fizeram emergir questões relacionadas às minúcias da escola, entendidas, aqui, como potências para pensá-la nas seguintes linhas de força: a escola como espaço de alteridade, no(s) outro(s) como estrangeiro(s) e os tempos e os espaços escolares em relação aos tempos da arte Os modos de fazer pesquisa na escola são relacionados com noções de residência artística, bem como, das pesquisas educacionais baseadas em arte (PEBA), no intuito de salientar a especificidade de uma pesquisa de cunho artístico realizada no campo educativo. Também buscou-se operar na potência dos entremeios, produzindo fissuras entre as fronteiras que delimitam o que é considerado arte e o que é considerado educação. A escola foi pensada como potência de criação em sua multiplicidade de práticas, sem o intuito de realizar diagnósticos ou prescrições. O caráter de troca permeou todas as ações da residência, em que o próprio lugar da pesquisadora&professora&artista esteve em constante movimento na escola, possibilitando afirmar a potência dos espaços ―entre‖ para além de delimitações. No entrecruzamento entre as experiências vividas na residência artística e a escola, afirma-se a potência da arte como um outro tempo e espaço para pensar as relações entre escola, arte e educação no mundo contemporâneo. / The research is based on daily teaching concerns of an art teacher from a public elementary school who, by relating her artistic processes to teaching issues and to the studies of the concepts of "life as a work of art" (NIETZSCHE, 2012) and "aesthetics of existence" (FOUCAULT, 2004a), perceives art as a way of researching in education. With the development of an artistic residence in a elemetary public school of Porto Alegre - RS, the aim was to try to produce other times and spaces to problematize the emergencies of the encounters between art and school, from the following problematic: In what ways a residence can problematize the times and spaces of the school, from the encounters between art and education?. The experiences of the artistic residence in the school allowed problematize, in an artistic way, questions related to the school routine, teaching and its challenges in the contemporary world. The art permeated the research, in an expanded sense, from the theoretical references, as an attitude to life, as well, through artistic productions developed in the residence and works of artists that contribute to think the emerging issues in this work. The encounters between art and school have raised questions related to the minutiae of the school, understood here as powers to think of it in the following lines of force: the school as a space of alterity, in the other(s) as foreign(s) and the times and the school spaces in relation to the times of art The ways of doing research in the school are related to notions of artistic residency, as well as of art-based educational research, in order to emphasize the specificity of an artistic research carried out in the educational field. At the same time, we tried to operate on the power of the interstices, producing fissures between the boundaries that delimit what is considered art and what is considered education. The school was conceived as a creative power in its multiplicity of practices, without the intention of performing diagnoses or prescriptions. The character of exchange permeated all the actions of the residence, in which the researcher & teacher & artist's place was in constant movement in the school, making it possible to affirm the potency of spaces "between" beyond delimitations. In the intersection between the experiences lived in the artistic residence and the school, the power of art is affirmed as another time and space to think the relations between school, art and education in the contemporary world.

A pesquisa parte de inquietações docentes cotidianas de uma professora de Arte de escola básica da rede pública, que, ao relacionar seus processos artísticos com questões da docência e com os estudos dos conceitos de ―vida como obra de arte‖ (NIETZSCHE, 2012) e ―estética da existência‖ (FOUCAULT, 2004a), percebe a arte como um modo de pesquisar em educação. Com a realização de uma residência artística em uma escola básica da rede pública de Porto Alegre – RS, buscou-se produzir outros tempos e espaços para problematizar as emergências dos encontros entre arte e escola, a partir da seguinte problematica: De que modos uma residência artística pode vir a problematizar os tempos e os espaços da escola, a partir dos encontros entre arte e educação?. As experiências da residência artística na escola permitiram tensionar, de modo artístico, questões relacionadas ao cotidiano escolar, à docência e seus desafios no mundo contemporâneo. A arte permeou a pesquisa, em sentido expandido, a partir dos referenciais teóricos, como postura diante da vida, bem como, através de produções artísticas desenvolvidas na residência e de trabalhos de artistas que contribuem para pensar as questões emergentes neste trabalho. Os encontros entre arte e escola fizeram emergir questões relacionadas às minúcias da escola, entendidas, aqui, como potências para pensá-la nas seguintes linhas de força: a escola como espaço de alteridade, no(s) outro(s) como estrangeiro(s) e os tempos e os espaços escolares em relação aos tempos da arte Os modos de fazer pesquisa na escola são relacionados com noções de residência artística, bem como, das pesquisas educacionais baseadas em arte (PEBA), no intuito de salientar a especificidade de uma pesquisa de cunho artístico realizada no campo educativo. Também buscou-se operar na potência dos entremeios, produzindo fissuras entre as fronteiras que delimitam o que é considerado arte e o que é considerado educação. A escola foi pensada como potência de criação em sua multiplicidade de práticas, sem o intuito de realizar diagnósticos ou prescrições. O caráter de troca permeou todas as ações da residência, em que o próprio lugar da pesquisadora&professora&artista esteve em constante movimento na escola, possibilitando afirmar a potência dos espaços ―entre‖ para além de delimitações. No entrecruzamento entre as experiências vividas na residência artística e a escola, afirma-se a potência da arte como um outro tempo e espaço para pensar as relações entre escola, arte e educação no mundo contemporâneo. / The research is based on daily teaching concerns of an art teacher from a public elementary school who, by relating her artistic processes to teaching issues and to the studies of the concepts of "life as a work of art" (NIETZSCHE, 2012) and "aesthetics of existence" (FOUCAULT, 2004a), perceives art as a way of researching in education. With the development of an artistic residence in a elemetary public school of Porto Alegre - RS, the aim was to try to produce other times and spaces to problematize the emergencies of the encounters between art and school, from the following problematic: In what ways a residence can problematize the times and spaces of the school, from the encounters between art and education?. The experiences of the artistic residence in the school allowed problematize, in an artistic way, questions related to the school routine, teaching and its challenges in the contemporary world. The art permeated the research, in an expanded sense, from the theoretical references, as an attitude to life, as well, through artistic productions developed in the residence and works of artists that contribute to think the emerging issues in this work. The encounters between art and school have raised questions related to the minutiae of the school, understood here as powers to think of it in the following lines of force: the school as a space of alterity, in the other(s) as foreign(s) and the times and the school spaces in relation to the times of art The ways of doing research in the school are related to notions of artistic residency, as well as of art-based educational research, in order to emphasize the specificity of an artistic research carried out in the educational field. At the same time, we tried to operate on the power of the interstices, producing fissures between the boundaries that delimit what is considered art and what is considered education. The school was conceived as a creative power in its multiplicity of practices, without the intention of performing diagnoses or prescriptions. The character of exchange permeated all the actions of the residence, in which the researcher & teacher & artist's place was in constant movement in the school, making it possible to affirm the potency of spaces "between" beyond delimitations. In the intersection between the experiences lived in the artistic residence and the school, the power of art is affirmed as another time and space to think the relations between school, art and education in the contemporary world.

nÃo hà / Os aspectos espaciais e epidemiolÃgicos envolvidos na deficiÃncia ainda nÃo foram abordados de modo expressivo nas pesquisas demogrÃficas e de saÃde no Brasil. Realizar estudos sobre a prevalÃncia das problemÃticas inerentes à real situaÃÃo dessas pessoas à imprescindÃvel por possibilitar conhecer seu perfil de saÃde e condiÃÃes de vida. Teve-se como objetivo geral analisar a distribuiÃÃo espacial das pessoas com deficiÃncia no municÃpio do Crato-CE e, especificamente, identificar as pessoas com pessoas com deficiÃncia, descrever o perfil epidemiolÃgico das pessoas com deficiÃncia e distribuir espacialmente essas pessoas para descriÃÃo dos eventos e localizaÃÃo de Ãreas de sobre-risco. Estudo do tipo transversal com abordagem quantitativa, elaborado de janeiro de 2010 a outubro de 2011. Na primeira fase promoveu-se capacitaÃÃo prÃvia dos ACS mediante aplicaÃÃo do plano de capacitaÃÃo para desenvolvimento de competÃncias relativas à assistÃncia à pessoa com deficiÃncia, passo metodolÃgico de suporte à coleta de dados. Neste momento utilizaram-se instrumentos para a avaliaÃÃo de competÃncias do ACS. Na segunda fase os ACS identificaram as pessoas com deficiÃncia visual, auditiva e fÃsica residentes em suas Ãreas de abrangÃncia utilizando ficha de cadastro. Na terceira fase os domicÃlios das pessoas com deficiÃncia foram georreferenciados. Na quarta os dados nÃo grÃficos foram submetidos à anÃlise estatÃstica atravÃs do programa SPSS versÃo 18. Foram realizados teste Qui-Quadrado e Qui-Quadrado para dados emparelhados nos dados relativos ao perfil do ACS e desenvolvimento de competÃncias. Descreveu-se o perfil das pessoas com deficiÃncia e calculou-se a razÃo de prevalÃncia das variÃveis socioeconÃmicas. Os dados grÃficos foram analisados mediante o software Arcgis versÃo 9.2., empregando-se estimador de intensidade de Kernel. Desse modo, buscou-se verificar a intensidade dos eventos nas Ãreas adstritas a fim de identificar Ãreas de sobre-risco. No decorrer da pesquisa considerou-se a ResoluÃÃo 196/96 inerente à pesquisa envolvendo seres humanos. Nos resultados identificou-se o perfil das PcD como homens em idade produtiva, que moram em zona rural, tÃm baixa instruÃÃo e renda familiar, procedentes do municÃpio de Crato. Na distribuiÃÃo espacial evidenciou-se maior prevalÃncia em zona rural, com maior nÃmero de residentes nos distritos de Dom Quintino, Bela Vista, Campo Alegre, Ponta da Serra e Ãreas urbanas de menor indicador socioeconÃmico. A cobertura dos serviÃos de saÃde à satisfatÃria em relaÃÃo à ESF, mas os serviÃos de reabilitaÃÃo, apoio diagnÃstico, marcaÃÃo de exames e consultas especializadas e os serviÃos ambulatoriais e hospitalares estÃo concentrados na zona urbana. Desse modo, como se supunha, as caracterÃsticas daqueles com deficiÃncia resultam em um perfil que dificulta o acesso e a acessibilidade aos serviÃos de saÃde de reabilitaÃÃo, especialidades mÃdicas e de Ãmbito hospitalar. Ademais, o perfil à sugestivo de pessoas com exacerbada dependÃncia dos serviÃos pÃblicos, portanto, à preciso se criar estratÃgias de mobilidade para promover o acesso aos serviÃos de saÃde. E, ainda: os ACS sÃo sensÃveis a este pleito, mas carecem de medidas adequadas para prover cuidados de promoÃÃo de saÃde na perspectiva do seu papel de mediador. / The spatial and epidemiological aspects involved in disability have not been meaningfully addressed yet in demographic and health research in Brazil. Research on the prevalence of the problems inherent in these peopleâs actual situation is fundamental because this permits knowledge on their health profile and living conditions. The general aim was to analyze the spatial distribution of disabled people in Crato-CE, while the specific aim was to identify disabled people, describe their epidemiological profile and the spatial distribution of these people to describe the events and location of excess risk areas. Cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, elaborated between January 2010 and October 2011. In the first phase, Community Health Agents (CHA) received previous training through the application of the training plan for competency development in care delivery for disabled people, a methodological phase to support data collection. At that moment, instruments were used to assess the CHAsâ competences. In the second phase, the CHAs identified people with visual, hearing and physical impairments living in their coverage area through the registration forms. In the third phase, the disabled peopleâs homes were georeferenced. In the fourth phase, non-geographical data were submitted to statistical analysis in SPSS version 18. Chi-squared and chi-squared tests for paired data were applied to data on the CHAsâ profile and competency development. The profile of disabled people was described and the prevalence rates of socioeconomic variables were calculated. Graphical data were analyzed in Arcgis version 9.2., using Kernelâs intensity estimator. Thus, the goal was to verify the intensity of events in the areas concerned in order to identify excess risk areas. The research complied with Resolution 196/96, concerning research involving human beings. In the results, the disabled peopleâs profile was identified as men of productive age, living in rural areas, with low education and family income levels, coming from the city of Crato. In the spatial distribution, higher prevalence levels were evidenced in rural areas, with a larger number of residents in the Dom Quintino, Bela Vista, Campo Alegre, Ponta da Serra districts, as well as in urban areas with lower socioeconomic indicators. Health service coverage is satisfactory concerning the FHS, but rehabilitation, diagnostic support, test and specialized appointment scheduling and outpatient and hospital services are concentrated in the urban area. Thus, as supposed, the characteristics of the disabled people result in a profile that hampers the access to and accessibility of rehabilitation services, medical specialties and hospital services. Moreover, the profile suggests people with increased dependence on public services. Therefore, mobility strategies need to be created to enhance health service access. And, also: the CHAs are sensitive to this plea, but lack adequate measures to deliver health promotion care within the perspective of their mediating role.

A causal link between radon exposure and lung cancer was previously established through numerous epidemiological studies of miners and residential occupants exposed to radon gas. Although the health detriment to Canadians from residential radon exposure has been estimated in earlier assessments, a comprehensive radon survey by Health Canada in 2011 was the first to sample residences from every health region in the country. Further, this survey yielded higher concentration measurements than previous surveys, with an arithmetic average concentration about twice that of an older survey which was the basis for many of the previous Canadian radon risk assessments. Two exposure-response models from the US NRC were selected for this thesis, along with seasonal adjustment factors for the survey data to compute expected value, rather than conservative, risk estimates. Population-based (population attributable risk, PAR; excess lifetime risk ratio, ELRR; and life-years lost LYL) and individual-based (ELRR and LYL) indices are used to summarize the health detriment. Mean estimates of ELRR, PAR, and LYL for the Canadian population are estimated in the range of 0.31 - 0.48, 0.19 - 0.26, and 0.19 - 0.31, respectively, depending on the model used. Point estimates are also provided for individual provinces and some results are strati ed by risk factors, such as smoking history and floor level of residency. A number of sources of uncertainty in the results are identified, and some are incorporated in a two-dimensional uncertainty analysis using Monte Carlo methods.

Anthropogenic Climate Change is amongst the greatest challenges of human civilization. A key area that will play a large role in mitigating its effects are clean fossil fuel applications. Clean coal combustion is one such application with an urgent timeline. This can be achieved with an oxygen-fired pressurized fluidized bed combustor with downstream carbon capture and sequestration. In relation to pressurized fluidization processes, understanding the influence of pressure on bed hydrodynamics and in turn their effect on parameters including fuel residence time is essential. For the proposed combustor, the heat exchanger boiler tubes are submerged in the fluidized bed such that the effect of a horizontal tube bank on the fuel residence time is also of great importance. The main focus of present work was to evaluate the impact of gas velocity, pressure, presence of a tube bank and fuel feed rate on the average fuel residence time. Experiments were conducted under cold flow conditions in a pilot-scale pressurized fluidized bed with an inner diameter of 0.15 m. The fluidization material was relatively large glass beads (1.0 mm in diameter) while the fuel particles were simulated with smaller glass beads (40 to 138 μm in diameter), susceptible to entrainment. Operating pressures and superficial gas velocities tested were between 101.3 and 1200 kPa and 0.4 and 1.1 m/s respectively. To simulate coal combustors, experiments were then conducted in a continuous mode where the fuel particles were continuously fed to the fluidized bed of large particles over a desired period of time. Downstream, entrained particles were continuously captured to determine the entrainment rate and mass of fuel particles inside the fluidized bed at steady state, which yielded the average fuel residence time. The combination of elevated pressure with the tube bank present was found to enhance gas bubble break up and reduce the average gas bubble size. In turn, this increased the average fuel residence time of 83 μm particles by nearly 3 fold to a value of 77 s in comparison to 27 s at atmospheric pressure. The effect of gas velocity was not found to be statistically significant under the range tested. Similarly the effect of increased fuel feed rate by 50% neither had a statistically significant impact.

Whilst travelling in the united states and Europe during 1969, I visited various university campuses. It was at Bochum being built at the time in Germany that I became especially aware of how separated the university community seemed to be from the society outside. Due it its remoteness I decided to examine and evaluate the relationships that exist between a university and its community preferably in some particular field of study. I drew the hypothesis that there existed a casual relationship between vehicular congestion and housing and that by providing more on campus housing a move towards alleviating the congestion problems would be made. In the gathering of information on residence provision, it became apparent that there exists an intense level f concern amongst our university administrators in regard to the correct provision of student housing and that much research work needed to be done in this field. Starting at the beginning of this year and after some considerable time, with much energy spent, the stages has been reached where the emerging problem of student housing can be defined. It is hoped that this thesis will make some contribution of the kind of housing out students want and need and that from this study a re-assessment of basic attitudes to the housing of our students can be made.

Contemporary artist residencies are institutions or programs that enable artists to develop their practice beyond the confines of their typical work setting. Increasingly, they are also a means to access significant material, interpersonal, and professional resources, and a medium through which to engage with local communities. In response to these developments, the present interview-based study aims to understand how artists develop within a community context by investigating the work and experiences of eight artists who have participated in community-based residencies across—and sometimes beyond—the United States. By collecting each artist’s narrative and supplementing it with documents, images, and auto-reflections of their artwork, the study investigates the complex network of characteristics that help facilitate the creative process. Furthermore, by canvassing research from fields like social psychology, business management, and arts education, it explores the relations of educational reciprocity that emerge between artists and residency communities. This study suggests that the complex physical and interpersonal dynamics of each residency environment contributed in distinctive ways to the artists’ development. It also notes that each unique residency program provided support for the use of new materials, the exploration of new practices, and the investigation of new content. The residency characteristics that were most conducive to creative growth included (1) difference from one’s typical working environment; (2) access to new (and sometimes unconventional) materials, tools, and facilities; (3) social opportunities such as shared meals and public forums to cultivate relationships with residency cohorts; and (4) ample time (usually 1–2 months) and space (access to both private and public studios) to settle into the residency environment, explore one’s artistic practice (and the practice of other resident artists), and foster relationships among cohorts, staff members, and community visitors. Ultimately, this study argues that artist residencies can contribute to the field of non-formal art education by serving as a relational framework for artists and their residency communities.

This work offers a well-developed understanding of the mixing process inside Jet- Stirred Reactors (JSR’s) with different geometries. Due to the difficulty of manufacturing these JSR’s made in quartz, existing JSR configurations were assessed with certain modifications and optimal operating conditions were suggested for each reactor. The effect of changing the reactor volume, the nozzle diameter and shape on mixing were both studied. Two nozzle geometries were examined in this study, a crossed shape nozzle and an inclined shape nozzle. Overall, six reactor configurations were assessed by conducting tracer experiments - using the state-of-art technologies of high-speed cameras and laser absorption spectroscopy- and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations. The high-speed camera tracer experiment gives unique qualitative information – not present in the literature – about the actual flow field. On the other hand, when using the laser technique, a more quantitative analysis emerges with determining the experimental residence time distribution (RTD) curves of each reactor. Comparing these RTD curves with the ideal curve helped in eliminating two cases. Finally, the CFD simulations predict the RTD curves as well as the mixing levels of the JSR’s operated at different residence times. All of these performed studies suggested the use of an inclined nozzle configuration with a reactor diameter D of 40mm and a nozzle diameter d of 1mm as the optimal choice for low residence time operation. However, for higher residence times, the crossed configuration reactor with D=56mm and d=0.3mm gave a nearly perfect behavior.

The Swedish housing market has experienced an almost constant increase of housing prices since the economic crisis in the early 90‟s. Many studies have been conducted on the field which have tried to find an explanation to the constant trend and if there is an end in sight. However, this study aims at focusing on the supply/demand relationship in determining the housing prices in the County of Stockholm. The method that was used was both a time series regression and a cross sectional regression, by applying data on the amount of housing that has been constructed per thousand inhabitants in each municipality, the development of housing prices in each municipality and the average annual development of wages. Since there are 26 municipalities in Stockholm County, it would be too time consuming to go through each and every single one of the municipalities, instead the focus was on the 5 municipalities with the highest and lowest construction rate per thousand inhabitants. Thus, we can observe if there is any general difference depending on the construction rate in determining the house price development. The results on the time series regression implies that most of the municipalities housing prices are primarily dependent on the housing construction rate, when construction goes down the prices goes up and vice versa. However, the municipality of Vallentuna had suspicious signs which imply that other factors (then the variables used) are driving the prices up. In the cross sectional regression where both the 5 highest and lowest municipalities with construction rate were regressed together, we can see similar signs as in Vallentuna. It would therefore be interesting to find out what the underlying factors that are driving the prices up in the case of Vallentuna and in the cross sectional analysis.

This paper gives some theoretical instructions of China’s property tax reform which include the reform of land lease system, the design of tax base, tax rates and tax relief, and also provides some interesting property tax proposals for Shanghai and estimates the effects of property tax reform on residence price.This paper selects a case study of Shanghai which can provide useful methods or findings to other cases characterized by similar traits and situations. Through observation and analysis of documentary evidence, the new average residence price and the prices of residences which locate around the inner ring road and the outer ring road are estimated. Moreover, this study uses asset pricing theory, partial equilibrium theory and quantitative simulation analysis to explore the impact of property tax reform on the residence price under the combinations of varied property tax rates, discount rates and tax base. The paper also uses comparative analysis in lots of areas. The data is gathering from National Bureau of Statistics, local bureaus of statistics, World Band, several valuation firms, international and local theses.The author provides 4 proposals of Shanghai. After the simulation analysis, the first proposal is seen as the most mildly proposal with low property rates and small tax base. The total residence value decreases about 4.92 percent of the original value after the property tax reform. The second proposal use graduated property tax rates corresponding to different property value, which may have greater fairness and equality but lower efficiency. The third proposal targets at gaining more tax revenue from villa and luxury apartments and adjusts the poverty gap. The sales price after property tax decreases around 10 percent. The fourth proposal provides the idea that property tax rates can be set according to the location of administrative areas. In the future study, a case study of a certain city combined with precise empirical observations and statistics data is a good direction. Moreover, this study only introduces a simple model and some indicators which affect the house price. However, how to narrow down the indicators and to use an effective model and to use property tax as an effective indicator to affect residence price is the next step.