Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-18T15:07:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Flavia Silva Barbosa.pdf: 2045951 bytes, checksum: 76e7cc28f174aa599f4c5b1ebca25b8d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-18T15:07:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Flavia Silva Barbosa.pdf: 2045951 bytes, checksum: 76e7cc28f174aa599f4c5b1ebca25b8d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-27 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Guen?e, 1854) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), a pest of tomato production in Brazil is basically controlled with chemicals insecticides. This work was carried out with the overall objective of producing information on alternative forms to control N. elegantalis, involving genetic resistance of tomato (Chapter I) and botanical extracts from weeds (Chapter II), as well as evaluating the selectivity of these botanical extracts on adults of a predator, Coleomegilla maculata (Chapter III). In Chapter I, the objective was to evaluate eight tomato varieties (Viradoro, Nemadoro, Tospodoro, HEI36, LAI148, LAI144, LAI132 and UC82) in the field under organic management, and in laboratory conditions, to identify non- preference (antixenosis) oviposition of N. elegantalis. The assay at the field was conducted at Serop?dica, RJ, Brazil, in randomized complete block design, with eight varieties, three replications and two sampling times. The laboratory assay was conducted in a cage, in a randomized complete blocks design, with eight varieties as treatments and eight replicates (days). It was noted that N. elegantalis, at the Field, had lower preference for oviposition in the fruit variety HEI36, unlike the variety LAI148, which in laboratory conditions showed a tendency to present fewer eggs and hatched larvae. In Chapter II, the objective was to evaluate the effect of deterrence of alcoholic extracts of species of weeds Cyperus rotundus, Commelina benghalensis, Richardia brasiliensis and Euphorbia heterophylla on oviposition of N. elegantalis, at different concentrations. The assay was conducted in a laboratory with an randomized complete blocks design, whose treatments were extracts of four species at concentrations 5%, 10% and 15% (4X3 factorial) with two additional treatments: control 0% (alcohol diluted in distilled water to 15%) and absolute control (distilled water), with 8 replicates (days). Green fruits of tomato cultivar Marmande (susceptible) were sprayed with the extracts and placed in a cage containing 150 pairs of N. elegantalis. Four cages were used for concentration of all extracts. The alcoholic extract of Euphorbia heterophylla at different concentrations (5%, 10% and 15%), presented effect of deterrence on oviposition of N. elegantalis differing from the other extracts. In chapter III aimed to evaluate the selectivity of alcoholic extracts of weeds Cyperus rotundus, Commelina benghalensis, Richardia brasiliensis, Euphorbia heterophylla, in three different concentrations applied to 10 adult individuals of C. maculate, by replication. The effects of extracts on insect biological parameters were evaluated along 30 days after spraying. The trial was conducted in laboratory with a complete randomized design. Treatments was alcoholic extracts of four plant species diluted in distilled water at three concentrations (5, 10 and 15%) (4x3 factorial) with two controls, 15% alcohol and distilled water. In general, the extracts showed selectivity for the adult C. maculata treated topically, although Euphorbia heterophylla has affected the number of hatched larvae and reduced egg viability when compared with other treatments. / Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Guen?e, 1854) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), uma das principais pragas da tomaticultura no Brasil, ? controlada basicamente com inseticidas qu?micos. O presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo geral de produzir informa??es sobre medidas alternativas de controle de N. elegantalis envolvendo a resist?ncia gen?tica do tomateiro (Cap?tulo I) e os extratos bot?nicos provenientes de plantas espont?neas (Cap?tulo II), bem como avaliar a seletividade desses extratos bot?nicos aos adultos de um predador, Coleomegilla maculata (Cap?tulo III). No cap?tulo I, o objetivo foi o de avaliar oito variedades de tomateiro (Viradoro, Nemadoro, Tospodoro, HEI36, LAI148, LAI144, LAI132 e UC82), em campo, sob manejo org?nico, e em condi??es de laborat?rio, para identificar a n?o-prefer?ncia (antixenose) para oviposi??o de N. elegantalis. O ensaio de campo foi conduzido na Fazendinha Agroecol?gica km 47 (Serop?dica, RJ), em delineamento em bloco ao acaso, com oito variedades, tr?s repeti??es e duas ?pocas de avalia??o. O ensaio de laborat?rio foi conduzido em gaiola, com delineamento em blocos ao acaso, tendo como tratamentos as oito variedades e oito repeti??es (dias). Observou-se em campo que N. elegantalis teve menor prefer?ncia para oviposi??o em frutos da variedade HEI36 e, em condi??es de laborat?rio, houve uma tend?ncia da variedade LAI148 em apresentar menor n?mero de ovos e de larvas eclodidas. No cap?tulo II, o objetivo foi o de avaliar o efeito de deterr?ncia dos extratos alco?licos das esp?cies de plantas espont?neas Cyperus rotundus, Commelina benghalensis, Richardia brasiliensis e Euphorbia heterophylla na oviposi??o de N. elegantalis, quando aplicados em diferentes concentra??es. O ensaio foi conduzido em laborat?rio, com delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, tendo como tratamentos os extratos das quatro esp?cies nas concentra??es 5%, 10% e 15% (fatorial 4X3), com dois tratamentos adicionais: testemunha 0% (?lcool dilu?do em ?gua destilada a 15%) e testemunha absoluta (?gua destilada), com 8 repeti??es (dias). Frutos verdes de tomate cv. Marmande (suscept?vel) foram pulverizados com os extratos e acondicionados em gaiola contendo 150 casais de N. elegantalis. Foram utilizadas quatro gaiolas por concentra??o de todos os extratos. O extrato alco?lico de Euphorbia heterophylla nas diferentes concentra??es (5%, 10% e 15%), apresentou efeito de deterr?ncia sobre a oviposi??o de N. elegantalis diferindo dos demais extratos. No cap?tulo III, objetivou-se avaliar a seletividade dos extratos alco?licos das esp?cies de plantas espont?neas Cyperus rotundus, Commelina benghalensis, Richardia brasiliensis e Euphorbia heterophylla, em tr?s diferentes concentra??es, aplicados sobre 10 indiv?duos adultos de C. maculata, por repeti??o. Os efeitos dos extratos sobre par?metros biol?gicos dos insetos foram avaliados durante 30 dias ap?s a pulveriza??o. O ensaio foi conduzido em laborat?rio, com o delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Os tratamentos consistiram dos extratos alco?licos das quatro esp?cies bot?nicas dilu?dos em ?gua destilada em tr?s concentra??es (5, 10 e 15%) (fatorial 4x3), com duas testemunhas, ?lcool a 15% e ?gua destilada. No geral, os extratos apresentaram seletividade para os adultos de C. maculata tratados topicamente, embora a Euphorbia heterophylla (leiteiro) tenha xi afetado o n?mero de larvas eclodidas e reduzido a viabilidade dos ovos quando comparada com os demais tratamentos.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-29T11:16:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Maria Concei??o da Silva.pdf: 34705601 bytes, checksum: e5d1a6c09d3bfbcd49aa2fe48dbb4f1e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-29T11:16:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Maria Concei??o da Silva.pdf: 34705601 bytes, checksum: e5d1a6c09d3bfbcd49aa2fe48dbb4f1e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-30 / This study aims to record the memories constituents that make up the history of Indigenous School, Village M'by? Guarani, Sapukai in Angra dos Reis / RJ. Investigate how were woven the actions that led to establishment of the State School Indigenous Guarani Kiringuy Yvotyty since its inception as a community school to its current configuration as a state school. Therefore, we will seek to investigate social, intellectual and emotional political contexts are included in this scenario. We consider of great importance that our methodological approach providing conditions to assimilate the concerns and positions of the indigenous community on the social / legal interactions, as actors involved and not always considered in this process. To this end, the search shall be founded on a sensitive design. / O presente trabalho tem por objetivo registrar as mem?rias constituintes que comp?em a hist?ria da Escola Ind?gena, da Aldeia Guarani M?bya, Sapukai, em Angra dos Reis/RJ. Investigaremos de que forma foram tecidas as a??es que levaram a constitui??o da Escola Ind?gena Estadual Guarani Kiringue Yvotyty, desde sua cria??o como escola comunit?ria at? a sua configura??o atual como escola estadual. Para tanto, procuraremos investigar que contextos pol?ticos sociais, intelectuais e afetivos est?o inseridos neste cen?rio. Consideraremos de grande import?ncia que nosso caminho metodol?gico propicie condi??es de assimilar os anseios e posicionamentos da comunidade ind?gena diante das intera??es sociais/legais, como atores envolvidos e nem sempre considerados nesse processo. Para tal, a pesquisa se pautar? em um delinear sens?vel.

Submitted by SBI Biblioteca Digital (sbi.bibliotecadigital@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2017-02-21T18:17:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Diana Roberta Pereira Grandizoli.pdf: 22186247 bytes, checksum: eda73530f877f7998ed73ea7c0033e18 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-21T18:17:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Diana Roberta Pereira Grandizoli.pdf: 22186247 bytes, checksum: eda73530f877f7998ed73ea7c0033e18 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-19 / The present study sought to evaluate the influence of protease inhibitors on the bond strength of a self-etch adhesive system during hybrid layer formation in caries-affected dentin. The occlusal thirds of 80 permanent third molars were ground down to flat dentin surfaces. Dentinal caries were induced artificially by the microbial method. Groups were divided as follows: G1 (n=20), application of Clearfil SE Bond adhesive system (CL) alone; G2 (n=20), pretreatment with 2% chlorhexidine (CLX)+CL; G3 (n=20), pretreatment with sodium bicarbonate (BIC)+CL; G4 (n = 20), BI +CLX+CL. Bond strength was assessed immediately and at 6 months. Composite resin (Z350) build-ups were made on the dentin surfaces, and beam-shaped specimens with a cross-sectional area of 1 mm? were obtained. Microtensile bond strength testing was performed. Only adhesive or mixed-mode fractures were taken into account for calculation of bond strength. The results were submitted to the Kruskal-Wallis test (Student-Newman-Keuls). There was no significant difference on bond strength between the control, bicarbonate and chlorhexidine groups in the immediate test (p> 0.05). After 6 months, adhesive resistance fell for all groups. The control group had higher bond strength (p <0.05). The predominant fracture was of the adhesive type independent of the period evaluated. It can be concluded that after six months, there was decrease on bond strength for all groups. This reduction was greater in the groups in which the inhibitors were used / O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a influ?ncia do bicarbonato de s?dio na resist?ncia adesiva durante a hibridiza??o da dentina cariada utilizando o sistema adesivo autocondicionante. Foram selecionados 80 terceiros molares permanentes, feita a remo??o do ter?o oclusal e superf?cies dentin?rias planas foram obtidas. A les?o de c?rie dentin?ria foi confeccionada atrav?s do m?todo microbiol?gico. Os grupos foram: G1 (n=20): aplica??o do sistema adesivo Clearfil (CL), G2 (n=20): aplica??o de clorexidina 2% (CLX) + CL, G3 (n=20): aplica??o de bicarbonato de s?dio (BI) + CL, G4 (n=20): BI + CLX + CL. A resist?ncia adesiva foi avaliada imediatamente e ap?s seis meses. Um bloco de resina composta Z350 foi constru?do em dentina. Cada bloco dente/adesivo/resina foi seccionado com disco diamantado acoplado ? m?quina de corte em planos paralelos obtendo-se corpos de prova em forma de palito, com ?rea de sec??o transversal de 1 mm?. Foi realizado teste de resist?ncia de uni?o por meio do teste de microtra??o. Foi considerada apenas fratura adesiva/mista para c?lculo da resist?ncia de uni?o. Os resultados foram submetidos aos teste de Kruskal-Wallis (Student-Newman-Keuls). N?o houve diferen?a significante na resist?ncia de uni?o entre os grupos controle, bicarbonato e clorexidina no teste imediato (p>0.05). Ap?s 6 meses, houve queda da resist?ncia adesiva para todos os grupos. O grupo controle apresentou maior resist?ncia de uni?o (p<0.05). A fratura predominante foi do tipo adesiva independente do per?odo avaliado. Pode-se concluir que ap?s seis meses, houve diminui??o na for?a de uni?o para todos os grupos. Essa redu??o apresentou-se maior nos grupos em que os inibidores foram utilizados.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-01-16T17:57:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DidoneyFernandesVilhete_DISSERT.pdf: 3676426 bytes, checksum: 8cf7850161dec001a297218aa172a10c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-01-22T11:12:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DidoneyFernandesVilhete_DISSERT.pdf: 3676426 bytes, checksum: 8cf7850161dec001a297218aa172a10c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-22T11:12:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DidoneyFernandesVilhete_DISSERT.pdf: 3676426 bytes, checksum: 8cf7850161dec001a297218aa172a10c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-08 / Os riscos associados ? ruptura de barragens s?o elevados. Problemas de instabilidade envolvendo estas estruturas trazem consequ?ncias catastr?ficas ? sociedade. A barragem do A?u, ? uma obra geot?cnica de significativa notoriedade e import?ncia no Nordeste, principalmente no estado do Rio Grande do Norte. ? a maior barragem do estado e ganhou destaque na literatura nacional e internacional com o rompimento do talude de montante no final do per?odo construtivo. Em casos de ruptura, a retroan?lise ? uma t?cnica confi?vel para determina??o dos par?metros de resist?ncia ao cisalhamento dos solos de forma a contribuir para que se evite casos semelhantes. A partir da avalia??o de dados de resist?ncia dispon?veis no meio acad?mico, este trabalho teve como objetivo retroanalisar a ruptura ocorrida para obter os par?metros m?dios de resist?ncia ao cisalhamento do material argiloso preto que constitu?a o n?cleo da barragem do A?u antes do acidente ocorrido. Na primeira etapa do trabalho foram realizadas an?lises de estabilidade do talude de montante da barragem e na segunda etapa a retroan?lise determin?stica e probabil?stica. Essas an?lises foram realizadas no software Slide 7.0 pertencente ? plataforma RocScience. Os resultados mostraram que o talude romperia com os par?metros de resist?ncia da argila siltosa preta na condi??o saturada, com valores de probabilidade de ruptura variando de 60 a 97% entre os m?todos de equil?brio limite utilizados nas an?lises. Tamb?m foi poss?vel definir os poss?veis par?metros m?dios de resist?ncia ao cisalhamento da argila siltosa preta e estabelecer as causas de ruptura da barragem. Os valores da coes?o e do ?ngulo de atrito, no instante de ruptura, obtidos na retroan?lise determin?stica para a argila siltosa preta foram cu=47,1 kPa e ?u=0?. Na retroan?lise probabil?stica os valores da coes?o e do ?ngulo de atrito obtidos foram cu=33,8 kPa e ?u=3,1?, com uma probabilidade de ruptura de 52,7%. Com isso, conclui-se que a ruptura do talude de montante da barragem do A?u ocorreu por causa de erros na fase de projeto e de constru??o da barragem acompanhado pela perda de resist?ncia do solo devido aos excessos de poropress?es gerados durante a constru??o. / Risks associated to dam failure are very high. Problems of instability involving these structures bring catastrophic consequences to the social comunity. The A?u dam is a geotechnical work with significant importance in the Northeast, mainly in Rio Grande do Norte state. It is the largest dam of the state and has gained prominence in national and international literature with the slice of the upstream slope at the end of its construction period. In cases of failure, back analysis is a reliable technique used to calculate the shear strength parameters of the soil in order to avoid similar cases to happen. Considering the evaluation of strength data available in the academic environment, this work had as purpose to analyze the failure occurred in order to obtain the average shear strength parameters of the black clayey material that constituted the A?u dam core before the accident. In the first stage of this work the slope stability of the dam was analyzed and in the second stage the deterministic and probabilistic back analysis was performed. These analyzes were performed in Slide 7.0 from Rocscience platform. The results showed that the slope would fail with strength parameters of the black silty clay in the saturated condition, with values of probability of failure ranging from 60 to 97% between the equilibrium limit methods used in the analyzes. It was also possible to define the possible average shear strength values of black silty clay and to establish the causes of the dam failure. The cohesion and the friction angle values obtained at the instant of failure in the deterministic back analysis for black silty clay were cu=47.1 kPa and ?u=0?. For the probabilistic back analysis the cohesion and the friction angle values obtained were cu=33,8 kPa and ?u=3,1?, with a probability of failure of 52,7%. Therefore, it is concluded that the A?u dam upstream slope failure occurred because of errors in the design and construction phase of the dam accompanied by the loss of soil strength due to the excess of poropressures generated during the construction.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:06:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandoAML.pdf: 704139 bytes, checksum: 56133b8802fd230583fd96ae8805d657 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-30 / Several problems related to the loss of hydraulic seal in oilwells, causing gas migration and/or contamination of the production zone by water, have been reported. The loss of the hydraulic seal is a consequence of cracks which can be occasioned either by the invasion of gas during the wait on cement or by the expansion of the casing causing the fracture of the cement sheath. In case of the pressure of the formation is higher than the pressure in the annulus, gas can migrate into the slurry and form microannulus, which are channels where gas migrates after the cement is set. Cracks can be also occasioned by the fracture of the cement sheath when it does not withstand the thermal and dynamic loads. In reservoirs where the oil is heavy, steam water injection operation is required in order to get the oil flowing. This operation increases the temperature of the casing, and then it expands and causes the fracture of the cement sheath in the annulus. When the failures on the cement are detected, remedial cementing is required, which raise costs caused by the interventions. Once the use of cement in the construction civil sector is older than its use in the petroleum sector, it is common to bring technologies and solutions from the civil construction and apply them on the petroleum area. In this context, vermiculite, a mineral-clay widely encountered in Brazil, has been used, on its exfoliated form, in the civil construction, especially on the manufacture of lights and fireproof concretes with excellent thermal and acoustical properties. It has already been reported in scientific journals, studies of the addition of exfoliated vermiculite in Portland cements revealing good properties related to oilwell cementing operations. Thus, this study aimed to study the rheological behavior, thickening time, stability and compressive strength of the slurries made of Portland cement and exfoliated vermiculite in 5 different compositions, at room temperature and heated. The results showed that the compressive strength decreased with the addition of exfoliated vermiculite, however the values are still allowed for oiwell cementing operations. The thickening time of the slurry with no exfoliated vermiculite was 120 min and the thickening time of the slurry with 12 % of exfoliated vermiculite was 98 min. The stability and the rheological behavior of the slurries revealed that the exfoliated vermiculite absorbed water and therefore increased the viscosity of the slurries, even though increasing the factor cement-water. The stability experiment carried out at 133 ?F showed that, there was neither sedimentation nor reduction of the volume of the cement for the slurry with 12 % of exfoliated vermiculite. Thus, the addition of exfoliated vermiculite accelerates the set time of the cement and gives it a small shrinkage during the wait on cement, which are important to prevent gas migration / Muitos problemas relacionados ? perda do isolamento hidr?ulico em po?os de petr?leo, causando migra??o de g?s e contamina??o da zona produtora por migra??o de ?gua, t?m sido reportados. A perda do isolamento hidr?ulico ? conseq??ncia de trincas que por sua vez s?o conseq??ncias de uma cimenta??o mal feita, onde houve invas?o de g?s durante a pega da pasta gerando trincas tamb?m chamadas de microanulares que s?o os caminhos por onde a migra??o de g?s ocorre. Essas trincas tamb?m s?o ocasionadas pela fratura do cimento quando este n?o suporta as cargas t?rmicas e din?micas, as quais o cimento ? submetido durante sua vida. Em reservat?rios onde o ?leo encontrado ? bastante viscoso, opera??es de inje??o de vapor de ?gua s?o requeridas a fim de facilitar o escoamento do ?leo. Essa opera??o aumenta a temperatura da malha de po?os, fazendo com que o revestimento dilate e frature o cimento no anular, ocasionando a perda do isolamento hidr?ulico. Uma vez detectada falhas no isolamento hidr?ulico, opera??es de corre??o s?o requeridas o que acaba gerando custos, perda de tempo com a interven??o e lucro cessante. Como o setor de constru??o civil trabalha com cimento a muito mais tempo que o setor de petr?leo, ? comum lan?ar-se m?o de tecnologias e solu??es apresentadas na constru??o e aplicar com os devidos ajustes no ramo do petr?leo. Nesse contexto, a vermiculita, um argilomineral encontrado em abund?ncia no Brasil, tem sido aplicado, na sua forma expandida, na constru??o civil para confec??o de concretos leves, resistentes a fogo e com excelentes propriedades de isolamento t?rmico e ac?stico. J? tem sido reportado em revistas cient?ficas, estudos de sua adi??o em cimento portland com boas propriedades relacionadas ? cimenta??o de po?os de petr?leo. Dessa forma o presente trabalho objetivou estudar o comportamento reol?gico, tempo de pega e a resist?ncia a compress?o de pastas com vermiculita expandida e cimento portland classe especial em quatro composi??es diferentes, fazendo um comparativo com as propriedades existentes da pasta padr?o contendo apenas cimento portland e ?gua, em duas temperaturas, ambiente e aquecida. Os resultados mostraram que a resist?ncia ? compress?o dos corpos de prova diminuiu com o aumento da concentra??o de vermiculita, por?m ainda dentro da faixa permitida para cimenta??o de po?os de petr?leo. Os ensaios de consistometria indicaram que o tempo de pega para a pasta padr?o foi de 120 min, enquanto que para a pasta com 12% de vermiculita expandida foi de 98 min. Os ensaios de estabilidade e a avalia??o do comportamento reol?gico das pastas mostraram que a vermiculita expandida por absorver ?gua, aumenta a viscosidade da pasta, mesmo aumentando o fator ?gua-cimento. O ensaio de estabilidade realizado ? 133 ?F mostrou que n?o houve rebaixamento e nem sedimenta??o para a pasta com 12% de vermiculita expandida. Logo a adi??o de vermiculita expandida ? pasta cimentante favorece a cura r?pida e a baixa retra??o do volume da pasta durante a pega, importantes para evitar migra??o de g?s

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:08:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TiagoRS.pdf: 224853 bytes, checksum: a7ecf3c3cba57ff6b3ea1ac7c4fb7f05 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-06-02 / Petr?leo Brasileiro SA - PETROBRAS / Cementation operation consists in an extremely important work for the phases of perforation and completion of oil wells, causing a great impact on the well productivity. Several problems can occur with the cement during the primary cementation, as well as throughout the productive period. The corrective operations are frequent, but they are expensive and demands production time. Besides the direct cost, prejudices from the interruption of oil and gas production till the implementation of a corrective operation must be also taken into account. The purpose of this work is the development of an alternative cement paste constituted of Portland cement and porcelainized stoneware residue produced by ceramic industry in order to achieve characteristics as low permeability, high tenacity, and high mechanical resistance, capable of supporting various operations as production or oil wells recuperation. Four different concentration measures of hydrated paste were evaluated: a reference paste, and three additional ones with ceramic residue in concentrations of the order of 10%, 20% and 30% in relation to cement dough. High resistance and low permeability were found in high concentration of residues, as well as it was proved the pozolanic reactivity of the residue in relation to Portland cement, which was characterized through x-ray and thermogravimetry assays. It was evident the decrease of calcium hydroxide content, once it was substituted by formation of new hydrated products as it was added ceramic residue / &#65279;A opera??o de cimenta??o consiste em um trabalho de extrema import?ncia para as fases de perfura??o e completa??o de po?os de petr?leo e tem grande impacto sobre a produtividade do po?o. Muitos problemas podem ocorrer com o cimento, tanto durante a cimenta??o prim?ria do po?o como tamb?m durante seu per?odo produtivo. As opera??es para corre??o destes problemas s?o freq?entes, por?m onerosas e demandam tempo de produ??o. Al?m do custo direto da opera??o corretiva, deve m ser ontabilizados, ainda, preju?zos devidos ? interrup??o da produ??o de ?leo e g?s at? que uma opera??o de corre??o seja realizada. Este trabalho tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento de pastas cimentantes alternativas, constitu?das por cimento Portland e um res?duo de porcelanato produzido pela ind?stria cer?mica, a fim de obter caracter?sticas como baixa permeabilidade, alta tenacidade e alta resist?ncia mec?nica, capazes de suportar as diversas opera??es, tanto de produ??o como de recupera??o de po?os de petr?leo. Foram avaliadas quatro concentra??es diferentes de pastas hidratadas: uma pasta de refer?ncia e tr?s pastas contendo res?duo cer?mico nas concentra??es de 10%, 20% e 30%, em rela??o ? massa do cimento. Foram encontradas, para as maiores concentra??es de res?duo, maior resist?ncia mec?nica e menor permeabilidade, al?m de ser comprovada a reatividade pozol?nica do res?duo com o cimento Portland. Esta foi caracterizada atrav?s dos ensaios de Difra??o de Raios X e Termogravimetria, ficando clara a diminui??o do teor de hidr?xido de c?lcio, substitu?do pela forma??o de novos produtos hidratados ? medida que se adicionava o res?duo cer?mico

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:48:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoMGL_DISSERT.pdf: 2920200 bytes, checksum: c9c74c01a86db791fd1fef40b8b653c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-09 / Soil improved with the addition of cement have been utilized as an alternative to the construction of various types of geotechnical works, almost always present economic and environmental advantages. This paper presents a study on the usage of cement in the improvement of mechanical properties of sandy soils, characteristic of the region of Natal, collected from its dunes. This research was made in order to analyze the influence of cement content, voids, and also including water immersion and confining pressure. Samples molded from cement-soil mixtures were tested for unconfined compression tests and triaxial tests. The samples had the percentage of cement mixed in 2.5%, 5% and 10% by weight. The cement agent used was the Portland Cement of High Early strength(CPV-ARI), which promoted agility to the experimental procedure for presenting a rapid gain in strenght. The void ratio used ranged from 0.7 (more compact), 0,9 and 1,1(softer). The soil under study can be considered as pure sand. In general, it can be stated that the larger the amount of cement added to the sand studied is, the greater ultimate strength will be. Likewise, as more compact the soil is, the less void ratio and more resistant it will be present. The confining pressure tends to increase the resistance of the specimens. The cementing adopted grades showed that the use of different criteria for failure did not significantly alter the stress-strain parameters for the sand studied. The angle of friction values were found within the typical range of medium and compact sands. Cementing acted in the sand providing an intercepted cohesion which increased enhancing the potential cementation. In triaxial compression tests, the sand with void ratio is equal to 0.7 and showed the expected behavior for a compact sand while the stress-strain behavior of the same sand with the void ratio of 0.9 tended to be expected for the soft sand as well / Solos melhorados com adi??o de cimento t?m sido bastante utilizados como alternativa na constru??o de diversos tipos de obras geot?cnicas, quase sempre por apresentar vantagens econ?micas e ambientais. Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre a utiliza??o de cimento no melhoramento das propriedades mec?nicas de solos arenosos caracter?sticos da regi?o de Natal, coletados em dunas. Foi avaliada a influ?ncia do teor de cimento, do ?ndice de vazios, da inunda??o e da tens?o confinante. Corpos-de-prova moldados a partir de misturas de solo-cimento foram submetidos a ensaios de resist?ncia ? compress?o simples e ? compress?o triaxial convencional. Nas amostras as porcentagens de cimento foram variadas em 2,5%, 5% e 10% em peso. O agente cimentante utilizado foi o Cimento Portland de Alta resist?ncia inicial (CP-V ARI), que promoveu agilidade ao procedimento experimental por apresentar um processo de cura mais r?pido.Os ?ndices de vazios utilizados variaram de 0,7 (mais compacto), 0,9 e 1,1(mais fofo). O solo estudado pode ser considerado como uma areia pura. De uma forma geral, pode-se afirmar que quanto maior a quantidade de cimento adicionado ? areia estudada, maior a sua resist?ncia final. Da mesma forma, quanto mais compacto estiver esse solo, isto ?, quanto menor o ?ndice de vazios, mais resistente ele se apresentar?. A tens?o confinante tende a aumentar a resist?ncia dos corpos de prova. Nos graus de cimenta??o adotados, a utiliza??o de diferentes crit?rios de ruptura n?o alterou significativamente os par?metros tens?o-deforma??o para a areia estudada. Os valores de ?ngulo de atrito encontrados estavam dentro dos valores t?picos para areias m?dias e compactas. A cimenta??o agiu na areia de modo a proporcionar um intercepto de coes?o que aumentou com o incremento da cimenta??o. Nos ensaios de compress?o triaxial, a areia com ?ndice de vazios igual a 0,7 apresentou o comportamento esperado para uma areia compacta, enquanto o comportamento tens?o deforma??o da mesma areia com ?ndice de vazios de 0,9 tendeu ao esperado para a areia fofa

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-08-27T00:18:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FelipheLacerdaSouzaDeAlencar_DISSERT.pdf: 4823530 bytes, checksum: b4a668d3c4f491b90de30b674816113d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-09-01T22:58:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FelipheLacerdaSouzaDeAlencar_DISSERT.pdf: 4823530 bytes, checksum: b4a668d3c4f491b90de30b674816113d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-01T22:58:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FelipheLacerdaSouzaDeAlencar_DISSERT.pdf: 4823530 bytes, checksum: b4a668d3c4f491b90de30b674816113d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-28 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A baixa qualidade h?drica no semi?rido brasileiro, em grande parte associa-se a a??o antr?pica, tal como o lan?amento de res?duos met?licos oriundos da ind?stria minerada. O presente estudo objetiva comparar e discutir a evolu??o das pesquisas realizadas em ?mbito mundial, as quais fizeram uso do potencial biorremediador da Chromobacterium violaceum a metais pesados; compreender a capacidade biorremediadora e avaliar os padr?es fenot?picos de resist?ncia em cepas selvagens e padr?es (ATCC 12472) de C. violaceum diante dos metais pesados, Ferro, Zinco e Mangan?s, em diferentes concentra??es e intera??es met?licas; analisar os par?metros f?sico-qu?micos e microbiol?gicos do reservat?rio Engenheiro Armando Ribeiro Gon?alves, situado do munic?pio de Jucurutu (regi?o semi?rida do Rio Grande do Norte - RN); verificar a abordagem da tem?tica biorremedia??o em livros did?ticos do ensino fundamental e m?dio indicados pelo PNLD 2014 e 2012, respectivamente, assim como desenvolver um produto did?tico direcionado ? contextualiza??o da interface conhecimento t?cnico-cient?fico e meio ambiente. A revis?o sistem?tica foi limitada a trabalhos publicados entre 2001 e 2014, utilizando-se dos bancos de dados LILACS, PubMed e SciELO. A avalia??o da resist?ncia de C. violaceum aos metais pesados ocorreu em concentra??es decrescentes de Fe, Mn e Zn, durante intervalos de 24, 48 e 72 horas por planejamento fatorial completo 23; o isolamento e a identifica??o microbiol?gica foram realizados conforme metodologia preconizada pelo Standard Methods for Examinations of Water and Wastewater; a avalia??o da capacidade biorremediadora de C. violaceum por espectrofotometria de absor??o at?mica (EAA), enquanto que a an?lise das unidades de registro a partir da adapta??o da metodologia de an?lise de conte?do de Bardin (2004). A biolixivia??o foi a t?cnica mais discutida; o ouro o substrato biorremediado mais citado e a cianeta??o o mecanismo fenot?pico prevalente. Mecanismos gen?ticos foram citados em 29,4% das publica??es e entre as prote?nas transcritas por C. violaceum 18,3% eram ditas hipot?ticas. Ambas as cepas de C. violaceum apresentaram resist?ncia aos metais testes em diferentes escalas de concentra??es, intera??es e intervalos de exposi??o. No entanto aquelas selvagens apresentaram uma resposta de fase aguda mais eficiente comparadas ?s padr?es, sobretudo para as concentra??es de 80 a 480 g/100ml x 10-3. A an?lise f?sico-qu?mica da ?gua revelou par?metros aceit?veis, conforme a resolu??o vigente, exceto para o ponto 5, no que tange a an?lise do pH, nesse ponto ocorreu o isolamento da C. violaceum, cuja capacidade biorremediadora aos elementos Fe, Mn e Zn mostrou-se mais eficiente quanto ?s cepas ATCC. Todos os livros did?ticos analisados, embora tenham sido recomendados pelo PNLD, apresentaram car?ncias quanto ? tem?tica biorremedia??o, fazendo-se necess?rio o desenvolvimento de materiais did?ticos que visem suprir tal abordagem. Os dados avaliados demonstram a fundamental import?ncia da C. violaceum como microorganismo biorremediador de metais pesados e evidencia a import?ncia do monitoramento ambiental, desenvolvimento e aplica??o da biorremedia??o em ambientes impactados, bem como destaca a necessidade da reformula??o da interface educa??o ambiental e biotecnologia, com a finalidade de possibilitar ao docente e ao estudante de ensino m?dio e fundamental uma reflex?o mais cr?tica sobre as rela??es que envolvem a polui??o ambiental e as poss?veis ferramentas mitigadoras dessa problem?tica. / The low water quality in the Brazilian Semiarid, in the most of cases is associated to human activities, such as the release of metallic waste from the mined industry. This study aims to compare and discuss the research evolution performed worldwide, which made use of the potential of C. violaceum for bioremediation of heavy metals; understand the bioremediation and phenotypic resistance patterns in wild and Standard strains (ATCC 12472) of heavy metals, iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn), in differents responce time, concentrations and metal interactions; evaluate the physicochemical and microbiological parameters in Engenheiro Armando Ribeiro Gon?alves reservoir, located in the county of Jucurutu (semiarid region of Rio Grande do Norte - RN); analyze the approach of the subject bioremediation in textbooks from elementary and high school appointed by 2014 and 2012 PNLD, respectively, as well as developing an educational product targeted to approaching the technical and scientific knowledge and the environment interface. The systematic review was limited to research published between 2001 to 2015, using LILACS, PubMed, and SciELO databases. The evaluation of C. violaceum resistance for heavy metals occurred in decreasing concentrations of Fe, Zn and Mn, at intervals of 24, 48 and 72 hours by a full factorial design 23; the isolation and microbiological identification were performed according to the methodology recommended by the Standard Methods for Examinations of Water and Wastewater; the evaluation the use of the potential of C. violaceum for bioremediation of heavy metals was performed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS), while the analysis of the reporting units was carried out from the adaptation of Bardin content analysis methodology (2004). The systematic survey showed that bioleaching technique was further discussed; gold was the bioremediated substrate most mentioned, and cyanidation was the prevalent phenotypic mechanism. Genetic mechanisms were mentioned in 29.4% of the publications, and among proteins transcribed by C. violaceum 18.3% were hypothetical. Whereas experimental data indicated that both strains of C. violaceum showed resistance to the metals tests on different scales concentrations, interactions and exposure intervals (p<10-5). However that wild showed a more efficient acute phase response compared to the standard, especially for metal concentrations from 80 to 480 g/100 mL x 10-3. The physicochemical water analysis revealed acceptable parameters as the current resolution, except for point five, as regards the analysis of pH, on this point was the isolation of C. violaceum, whose the use in bioremediation of Fe, Zn and Mn showed more efficient as the ATCC strain (p<10-5). Finally, the educational axis directed to the analysis of the textbooks showed that all of them, although they were recommended by PNLD, showed shortcomings regarding the subject bioremediation, making it necessary to develop educational materials aiming at to supply such an approach. The evaluated data demonstrated the fundamental importance of C. violaceum in bioremediation of heavy metals and highlights the importance of environmental monitoring, development and application of bioremediation in impacted environments and emphasizes the need to reworking the environmental education and biotechnology interface, in order to enable the teacher and high school and fundamental students to a critical reflection about the relationships involving environmental pollution and possible mitigation tools of this problem.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:08:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AllisonARS_DISSERT_Parcial.pdf: 268843 bytes, checksum: ccc10add424035b8ef9b1b3a87699d4f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-27 / With the increasing of demand for natural gas and the consequent growth of the pipeline networks, besides the importance of transport and transfer of oil products by pipeline, and when it comes to product quality and integrity of the pipeline there is an important role regarding to the monitoring internal corrosion of the pipe. This study aims to assess corrosion in three pipeline that operate with different products, using gravimetric techniques and electrical resistance. Chemical analysis of residues originated in the pipeline helps to identify the mechanism corrosive process. The internal monitoring of the corrosion in the pipelines was carried out between 2009 and 2010 using coupon weight loss and electrical resistance probe. Physico-chemical techniques of diffraction and fluorescence X-rays were used to characterize the products of corrosion of the pipelines. The corrosion rate by weight loss was analyzed for every pipeline, only those ones that has revealed corrosive attack were analyzed located corrosion rate. The corrosion potential was classified as low to pipeline gas and ranged from low to severe for oil pipelines and the pipeline derivatives. Corrosion products were identified as iron carbonate, iron oxide and iron sulfide / Com o aumento da demanda de g?s natural e consequente crescimento da malha dutovi?ria, al?m da import?ncia do transporte e transfer?ncia de petr?leo e derivados por dutos, e em se tratando da qualidade do produto e da integridade do duto h? um importante papel no que diz respeito ao monitoramento da corros?o interna da tubula??o. O objetivo deste trabalho ? avaliar a corros?o em 3 (tr?s) dutos que operam com diferentes produtos, utilizando t?cnicas gravim?trica e de resist?ncia el?trica. An?lises qu?micas dos res?duos gerados nos dutos ajudam a identificar o mecanismo do processo corrosivo. Monitoramento da corros?o interna em dutos foi realizado no per?odo de 2009 a 2010 utilizando cupom de perda de massa e sonda de resist?ncia el?trica. T?cnicas f?sico-qu?micas de difra??o e fluoresc?ncia de Raios-X foram utilizadas na caracteriza??o dos produtos de corros?o dos dutos. A taxa de corros?o por perda de massa foi analisada para todos os dutos, apenas aqueles que apresentaram ataque corrosivo localizado foram analisados a taxa de corros?o localizada. O potencial de corros?o foi classificado como baixo para duto de transporte de g?s e variou de baixo a severa para dutos de petr?leo e para o duto de derivado. Foram identificados produtos de corros?o como carbonato de ferro, ?xido de ferro e sulfeto de ferro / 2020-01-01

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:10:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BrunoMSW_DISSERT.pdf: 2493064 bytes, checksum: 67d2a8f0addf9c48ec5976ed766a8e15 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-10-15 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Malaria is a disease of global distribution, recognized by governments around the world as a serious public health problem, affecting more than 109 countries and territories and endangering more than 3.3 billion people. The economic costs of this disease are also relevant: the African continent itself has malaria-related costs of about $ 12 billion annually. Nowadays, in addition to chloroquine, Plasmodium falciparum is resistant to many drugs used in the treatment of malaria, such as amodiaquine, mefloquine, quinine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine; resistance of Plasmodium vivax to treatments, although less studied, is also reported. Nature, in general, is responsible for the production of most known organic substances, and the plant kingdom is responsible for the most of the chemical diversity known and reported in the literature. Most medicinal plants commercialized in Brazil, however, are of exotic origin, which makes the search for endemic medicinal plants, besides a patent necessity, a fascinating subject of academic research and development. This study aimed to: (i) verify the antimalarial activity of ethanolic and hydroalcoholic extracts of Boerhavia paniculata Rich. And acetonic extract of Clethra scabra Pers. in Swiss albino mice infected by Plasmodium berghei NK65, (ii) observe possible combined effects between the course of infection by P. berghei NK65 and administration of these extracts in Swiss albino mice, and (iii) conduct a preliminary study of the acute toxicity of these extracts in Swiss albino mice. All extracts notable pharmacological activities - with parasite infections inhibitions ranging from 22% to 54%.These characteristics suggest that the activities are relevant, although comparatively lower than the activity displayed by the positive control group (always above 90%). The general framework of survival analysis demonstrates an overall reduction in survival times for all groups. Necroscopy has not pointed no change in color, shape, size and/or consistency in the evaluated organs - the only exception was the livers of rats submitted to treatment to hydroalcoholic extracts: these organs have been presented in a slightly congestive aspect with mass increasing roughly 28% higher than the other two groups and a p-value of 0.0365. The 250 mg/Kg ethanolic group has been pointed out by the Dunn s post test, as the only class with simultaneous inequalities (p<0.05) between positive and negative control groups. The extracts, notably ethanol extract, have, in fact, a vestigial antimalarial activity, although well below from the ones perceived to chloroquine-treated groups; nevertheless, the survival times of the animals fed with the extracts do not rise by presence of such therapy. Both the toxicopharmacological studies of the synergism between the clinical course of malaria and administration of extracts and the isolated evaluation of toxicity allow us to affirm the absence of toxicity of the extracts at the level of CNS and ANS, as well as their non-influence on food and water consumption patterns, until dosages of 500 mg/Kg. Necroscopic analysis leads us to deduct a possible hepatotoxic effect of hydroalcoholic extract at dosages of 500 mg/Kg, and an innocuous tissue activity of the ethanol extract, in the same dosage. We propose a continuation of the studies of these extracts, with protocol modifications capable of addressing more clearly and objectively their pharmacological and toxicological aspects / A mal?ria ? uma doen?a de distribui??o global, reconhecida por governos de todo o mundo como grave problema de sa?de p?blica, ocorrendo em mais de 109 pa?ses e territ?rios e pondo em risco mais de 3,3 bilh?es de pessoas. Os custos econ?micos da doen?a s?o tamb?m relevantes: apenas o continente africano tem um ?nus de cerca de US$12 bilh?es anuais. Hodiernamente, al?m da cloroquina, o Plasmodium falciparum apresenta resist?ncia aos diversos medicamentos usados na rotina, como amodiaquina, mefloquina, quinina e sulfadoxina-pirimetamina; a resist?ncia de Plasmodium vivax, apesar de menos estudada, tamb?m ? relatada. A natureza, de um modo geral, ? a respons?vel pela produ??o da maioria das subst?ncias org?nicas conhecidas, sendo o reino vegetal respons?vel pela maior parcela da diversidade qu?mica conhecida e registrada na literatura. A maioria das plantas medicinais comercializadas no Brasil, contudo, ? de origem ex?tica, o que torna a busca por plantas medicinais end?micas, al?m de uma patente necessidade, um fascinante assunto de pesquisa acad?mica e de desenvolvimento. Este trabalho teve por objetivo: (i) verificar a atividade antimal?rica dos extratos etan?lico e hidroalco?lico de Boerhavia paniculata Rich. e acet?nico de Clethra scabra Pers. em camundongos albinos Swiss infectados por Plasmodium berghei NK65; (ii) observar poss?veis efeitos combinados entre o curso da infec??o por P. berghei NK65 e a administra??o destes extratos em camundongos albinos Swiss; e (iii) realizar um estudo da toxicidade aguda destes extratos em camundongos albinos Swiss. Notam-se, em todos os extratos, atividades farmacol?gicas not?rias com inibi??es da parasitemia variando de 22% a 54% - caracter?sticas estas que sugerem atividades relevantes, apesar de comparativamente inferior ? atividade apresentada pelo grupo controle positivo (sempre superior a 90%). O quadro geral da an?lise de sobreviv?ncia demonstra uma redu??o global dos tempos de sobrevida para todos os grupos testados. A necroscopia n?o apontou, em um quadro geral, qualquer altera??o de cor, forma, tamanho e/ou consist?ncia nos ?rg?os avaliados nos estudos a ?nica exce??o recaiu sobre os f?gados dos animais submetidos ao extrato hidroalco?lico: estes se apresentaram sob um aspecto levemente congestivo, com aumento de massa cerca de 28% superior aos outros dois grupos e um p-valor de 0,0365. O grupo etan?lico 250 mg/Kg foi apontado, pelo p?s-teste de Dunn, como a ?nica classe com desigualdades simult?neas (p< 0,05) entre os grupos controles positivo e negativo. Os extratos analisados, notadamente o extrato etan?lico, apresentam, de fato, uma atividade antiplasm?dica resquicial, embora muito abaixo da percebida para grupos tratados com cloroquina; n?o obstante, os tempos de sobrevida dos animais submetidos aos tratamentos com os extratos n?o se elevam mediante a presen?a de tal terap?utica. Tanto o estudo t?xico-farmacol?gico do sinergismo entre a evolu??o cl?nica da mal?ria e a administra??o dos extratos quanto a avalia??o isolada de toxicidade nos permitem afirmar a aus?ncia de toxicidade dos extratos em n?vel de SNC e SNA, bem como a n?o influ?ncia destes nos padr?es de consumo h?drico e alimentar, at? as doses de 500 mg/Kg. A an?lise necrosc?pica nos leva ? dedu??o de um poss?vel efeito hepatot?xico do extrato hidroalco?lico, em doses de 500 mg/Kg, e uma atividade tecidual in?cua do extrato etan?lico, em mesma dosagem. Propomos uma continua??o dos estudos destes extratos, com modifica??es protocolares capazes de abordar, de forma mais clara e objetiva, seus aspectos farmacol?gicos e toxicol?gicos