The Master´s thesis concerns with the choice of sources of risks and their evaluation with storage of explosives. It is divided into four parts. The first two parts are research ones and they deal with accesses to the choice of sources of risks with storage of explosives and statutory requirements for explosives, their storage, manipulation and transport and then with the buildings, which the explosives are stored in. In the next part the accesses to selection and evaluation of sources of risks in real storage units are chosen and compared. In the final part there is the chosen methodology used in case studies.

The Master´s thesis concerns with the choice of sources of risks and their evaluation with storage of explosives. It is divided into four parts. The first two parts are research ones and they deal with accesses to the choice of sources of risks with storage of explosives and statutory requirements for explosives, their storage, manipulation and transport and then with the buildings, which the explosives are stored in. In the next part the accesses to selection and evaluation of sources of risks in real storage units are chosen and compared. In the final part there is the chosen methodology used in case studies.

Healthcare systems require continuous monitoring of risk to prevent adverse events. Risk analysis is a time consuming activity that depends on the background of analysts and available data. Patient safety data is often incomplete and biased. This research proposes systematic approaches to monitor risk in healthcare using available patient safety data. The methodologies combine traditional healthcare risk analysis methods with safety theory concepts, in an innovative manner, to allocate available evidence to potential risk sources throughout the system. We propose the use of data mining to analyze near-miss reports and guide the identification of risk sources. In addition, we propose a Maximum-Entropy based approach to monitor risk sources and prioritize investigation efforts accordingly. The products of this research are intended to facilitate risk analysis and allow for timely identification of risks to prevent harm to patients.

The thesis focuses on creation of precaution „Plan applicable in case of exceptional/unsafe incidents taking place at TJ Tesla swimming pool located in Brno”. The theoretical chapter(s) deal with legislative framework and related bills regarding leak of dangerous substances from buildings. It also deals with protection of population within the Czech Republic with regard to separate measures applicable according to the character of incident. The practical chapter(s) deal with analysis of risks within the premises and define the character of unsafe attributes of the risk sources. The various risks are therefore modelled in order to show the possible range of unsafe effects on population. These models are necessary to define the most effective protective measures applicable while exceptional/unsafe incidents occur. The aim of the thesis is to create the specific precaution plan as well as dispute the way the incidents of unsafe substances of below the legislative limit amount could be handled.

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No. of bitstreams: 1 Amanda Veit Braune Alvarez.pdf: 3256884 bytes, checksum: 8bc5e93bc57f146f1519c7695a8d09ca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-28 / Esse estudo tem como objetivo analisar como os membros da cadeia de suprimentos de cacau no Brasil percebem a influência da variação climática nos riscos existentes nesta cadeia. Essa cadeia foi escolhida devido a sua grande importância na economia brasileira. Para que essa análise fosse possível, foram identificados os principais riscos desta cadeia, bem como eventos climáticos recentes, suas possíveis influências e as ações mitigadoras adotadas pelos membros da cadeia. Foram feitas 17 entrevistas semiestruturadas com respondentes de todos os elos da cadeia: produtores, atravessadores, moageiras e indústrias de chocolates. Alguns dos resultados da pesquisa apontam que essa cadeia é afetada por riscos relacionados à carência de informação entre os elos, baixa manutenção dos equipamentos e pouca tecnologia na produção, baixa precisão de previsão de safra e, inclusive, problemas na qualidade e produtividade na produção. Mudanças de temperaturas, ventos e umidade também foram considerados como riscos nesta cadeia. Essas alterações climáticas aumentam a incidência dos outros riscos, por exemplo: pragas na produção, necessidade de importação, riscos financeiros e dificuldade logística. A seca de 2016 afetou diretamente a exposição e vulnerabilidade dessa cadeia aos riscos, tendo como consequências diretas a redução da produtividade e da qualidade das amêndoas. Além disso, este evento causou rupturas na cadeia, ocasionando a saída de alguns produtores e indústrias do mercado. Ações mitigadoras têm sido implementadas por associações que auxiliam produtores de cacau, indústrias moageiras e de chocolates e, por grandes produtores. Grande parte dessas ações são referentes a como os produtores podem lidar com as influências das variações climáticas em suas produções. Um dos objetivos dessas ações é que as fazendas possam aumentar a produtividade e qualidade de suas amêndoas, com inclusão de tecnologias para o manejo do cacau e de outras culturas na produção. Como consequência, moageiras e industrias de chocolate também poderão reduzir seus riscos, minimizando a necessidade de importar amêndoas e aumentando a qualidade de seus produtos. / The aim of this study is to analyze how members of the Brazilian cocoa supply chain perceive the influence of climate variations on other supply chain risks. This chain was chosen due to its importance in the Brazilian economy. Conducting this analysis entailed identifying not only the main risks to the Brazilian cocoa supply chain but also recent climatic events and their likely influence; the mitigating strategies adopted by supply chain members were also analyzed. A total of 17 semi-structured interviews were conducted with respondents belonging to all nodes of the chain: producers, middlemen, and the grinding and chocolate industries. Some of the research results indicate that the Brazilian cocoa supply chain is affected by risks related to a lack of information among its members, low equipment maintenance and poor production technology, low precision of crop forecasting, quality problems, and low productivity at production. Temperature variations, winds and humidity were also considered as chain risks. Climate variations increase the incidence of other risks, such as pests in production, import necessity, financial risks and logistical bottlenecks. The 2016 drought directly affected the exposure and vulnerability of this chain to risks, resulting in reduced productivity and quality of cocoa beans. In addition, the drought caused supply chain disruptions, which caused some producers and industries to leave the market. Mitigating actions have been implemented by associations that provide help to cocoa producers, grinding and chocolate factories, and large scale producers. Many of these actions are related to how producers can deal with the influence of climate variations on their crops. One of the goals of these actions targets the fact that farms can increase their cocoa bean productivity and quality by learning about additional technologies for handling cocoa and about new crops that could be incorporated into production. By adopting these strategies, the grinding and chocolate industries could also reduce their risks, minimizing the need to import cocoa beans while increasing the quality of their products.

In recent years, the frequency of disruptive events in supply chains has increased. This is partly due to the fact that supply chains are more globalized and more complex, with deeper tiering among suppliers. This makes the supply chain more vulnerable to risks. Supply chain risks that come with the dependencies of global suppliers have been evident due to unexpected global events such as the Covid-19 pandemic, the obstruction in the Suez Canal, and the Russia-Ukraine war. To mitigate supply chain risks, a company needs to have a resilient supply chain. Volvo Construction Equipment, a world-leading manufacturer of premium construction equipment, has experienced some particularly challenging years due to global occurrences with material shortages, capacity constraints, and supply routes disruption. This has built up stress in the organization, both among processes and employees. To be able to plan for the coming years of high uncertainty, Volvo CE wants to investigate how they can anticipate and mitigate various risks and resist market fluctuations to create a more resilient supply chain. Therefore the purpose of the research was formulated as: The purpose of the research is to suggest how Volvo Construction Equipment AB can mitigate supply chain risks to secure the future supply chain in a volatile market. To facilitate the fulfillment of the research’s purpose, three research questions were developed concerning risk identification, assessing resilience capabilities, and assessing risk mitigation strategies. The first research question, RQ1, identified Volvo CE’s supply chain risks and the vulnerability of the risks. The supply chain risks were identified through focused group discussions with Volvo CE employees and the most vulnerable risks were determined through a survey with responses from the participants in the group discussions. Three risks were considered the most vulnerable in Volvo CE’s supply chain; lack of raw material and component shortage, lack of labor and competence in production at supplier, and shutdown of supplier factory due to unexpected events. The second research question, RQ2, answered which resilience capabilities Volvo CE possesses today and which should be improved. The resilience capabilities were assessed qualitatively through semi-structured interviews. The interview answers were then interpreted into what SCRES elements Volvo CE possess. It was concluded that all resilience capabilities can be improved but two out of five capabilities, ability to anticipate and ability to recover, were considered to have the most improvement potential as they contain a large proportion of SCRES elements that are not fully possessed today. Through semi-structured interviews and a cross-question analysis with RQ1 and RQ2, the third research question, RQ3, regarding the assessment of risk mitigation strategies could be answered. Based on the result of all research questions, five risk mitigation strategies were suggested for Volvo CE. These aimed to improve Volvo CE’s resilience capabilities with the most improvement potential to be able to mitigate the most vulnerable supply chain risks. The suggested risk mitigation strategies were supply chain understanding, SCRM culture, supplier relationship, backup supplier, and scenario planning. By working with these strategies, Volvo CE could significantly increase its resilience and thus create an organization better able to mitigate supply chain risks to secure the future supply in a volatile market.

Abstract Large engineering projects are executed by a network of heterogeneous organisations. In order to be effective, risk management in large engineering projects needs to take the perspective of the entire project network instead of focusing on risk management practices of single actors. Contextual factors such as complexity of the project network and the challenging institutional environment pose additional challenges to risk management. The purpose of this study is to increase the understanding of the sources of risks in engineering project networks and the role of risk sources in determining risk management practices. The perspective of information processing theory is used. The role of equivocality and uncertainty as organisations’ rationales for processing information is examined to gain new insights into the selection of appropriate risk management practices. Literature introduces relational contracting as a response to the need for collaboration in project networks. In this study collaborative risk management practices in the workshop-type meeting and in the project alliance were studied. A qualitative research method was employed to study the nature of risk sources, the role of risk sources in determining risk management practices and collaborative risk management practices. The results of this study enhance the understanding of the nature of risks in engineering project networks. The current project risk management literature proposes that contextual factors related to technology, organising projects and environment increase uncertainty in projects. This study shows that it is relevant to categorise risk sources based on their contingency factors related to uncertainty (lack of information) and to equivocality (the existence of multiple interpretations). It is shown how risk sources impact the selection of project risk management practices. Collaborative risk management practices of workshop-type meeting and project alliance are depicted. Project-based companies and organisations executing investment projects can benefit from the results of this study. This study can guide managers when developing practices to enhance risk management. This study shows how informal risk management practices should be considered in addition to the traditional formal risk management practices, particularly in cases when projects confront situations of equivocality. / Tiivistelmä Suuria projekteja toteutetaan heterogeenisten organisaatioiden muodostaman projektiverkoston avulla. Projektiverkoston tehokkaaseen riskienhallintaan tarvitaan koko verkoston näkökulma yhden organisaation näkökulman sijaan. Tilannetekijät kuten projektiverkoston monimuotoisuus ja projektin haasteellinen ympäristö asettavat lisää haasteita riskienhallinnalle. Tämän väitöskirjan tavoitteena on lisätä ymmärrystä siitä, mitkä ovat riskien lähteitä projekteissa ja kuinka riskien lähteet vaikuttavat riskienhallintamenetelmien valintaan. Väitöskirjassa on käytetty teoreettisena viitekehyksenä informaation prosessoinnin näkökulmaa. Erityisesti on tutkittu monimerkityksisyyden ja epävarmuuden roolia organisaatioiden perusteena käsitellä informaatiota. Kirjallisuudessa on esitetty luottamukseen perustuva sopiminen vastauksena projektiverkostojen yhteistoiminnallisuuden tarpeelle. Väitöskirjassa on tutkittu yhteistoiminnallisina riskienhallintamuotoina työpajatyyppistä työskentelyä sekä projektiallianssia. Tutkimuksessa on tapaustutkimuksen avulla selvitetty projektien riskien lähteitä, riskien lähteiden roolia riskienhallintamenetelmiä määritettäessä, sekä yhteistoiminnallisia riskienhallintakeinoja. Tutkimuksen löydökset lisäävät ymmärrystä projektien riskien lähteistä. Nykyinen projektin riskienhallintakirjallisuus esittää, että projektien tilannetekijät, jotka liittyvät teknologiaan, projektien organisointiin ja ympäristöön kasvattavat epävarmuutta. Tämä tutkimus osoittaa, että on tärkeää jaotella projektien riskit tilannetekijöittäin. Jaottelu tulee tehdä sen mukaan onko vallitseva tilannetekijä epävarmuus eli tiedon puute vai monimerkityksisyys eli tilanne, jossa on paljon keskenään ristiriitaista tietoa. Tässä tutkimuksessa osoitetaan kuinka riskien lähteet vaikuttavat projektiverkoston riskienhallintamenetelmien valintaan. Lisäksi kuvataan yhteistoiminnallisia riskienhallintamenetelmiä projekteissa. Projektitoimintaa harjoittavat yritykset sekä investointiprojekteja tekevät organisaatiot voivat hyödyntää tämän tutkimuksen tuloksia. Tutkimuksen tulokset ohjaavat riskienhallintamenetelmien muokkaamista erilaiset tilannetekijät huomioon ottaen. Tämä tutkimus osoittaa, kuinka epämuodollisia riskienhallintamenetelmiä tulisi suosia perinteisten muodollisten menetelmien ohessa erityisesti tilanteissa, joissa monimerkityksisyys on vallitseva tilannetekijä.

The aim of the diploma thesis is to describe risk management in a construction company. The first part of the diploma thesis is focused on theory, which deals with the explanation of basic concepts with risks and risk management in a construction company. The second, practical part addresses the risks of a specific project.