Neste trabalho apresentamos uma classificação das hipersuperfícies regradas e de Weingarten no espaço hiperbólico. / In this work we provide a classification for ruled and Weingarten hypersurfaces in hyperbolic space.

Estudaremos as singularidades genéricas de superfécies regradas em R3. O objetivo do trabalho é mostrar que as singularidades genéricas que ocorrem no conjunto das superfícies regradas são as mesmas que ocorrem no conjunto das aplicações diferenciáveis de R2 em R3, enquanto que as singularidades genéricas das superfícies desenvolvíveis, que formam um subconjunto das superfícies regradas, são mais degeneradas. / We study generic singularities of ruled surfaces in R3. In this work we show that generic singularities appearing in the set of ruled surfaces are the same that occur in the set of map germs from R2 to R3, while the generic singularities of developable surfaces are more degenerate.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:34:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alexandre Bento Damacena.pdf: 649839 bytes, checksum: 5e5de7e48c9e0b0afd8e98f2a5ee83ce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-14 / When the king had issues to deal with or wanted to hear the opinion of the most important men regarding any certain subject, he would gather lords and the most important members of the clergy for a meeting. In Portugal and in the kingdoms of Spain, these meetings were named Courts . In France, they were called General States . And in England, they were called Parliament . Each Parliament evolved and went through several stages until we got to the models of the 21st century. Several functions were attributed to the Parliaments, such as, for instance, to legislate and control the Executive Branch. However, amongst all its attributions, the representative function is fundamental, because it turns the Parliament into an institution that is essential for democracy. Representing the people s will is not easy, and choosing the representatives is not something simple to be done as well. Being a ruler or ruled brings about rights and duties for both sides. Should the congressman comply with the voter s will, his political party or his own beliefs? This study looks for answers for these questions by means of the analysis of the political representation in a democratic environment. More specifically, it examines Brazil and its Federal Parliament. The study of the complex relationship ruler-ruled and of the representative function of the Parliament contributes to point out possible paths and alternatives for the improvement of the Brazilian representative system. / Quando o rei tinha questões graves a tratar ou queria ouvir a opinião dos homens mais importantes sobre um determinado assunto, mandava chamar os grandes senhores da nobreza e os membros mais destacados do clero para uma reunião. Em Portugal e nos reinos da Espanha, a essas reuniões foi dado o nome de Cortes . Na França denominou-se Estados Gerais . E na Inglaterra, chamou-se Parlamento . Cada Parlamento se desenvolveu e conheceu diversas fases até chegarmos aos modelos do século XXI. Aos Parlamentos foram atribuídas diversas funções , como por exemplo legislar e efetuar o controle do Executivo. Mas, de todas as suas atribuições, a função representativa é fundamental, pois torna o Parlamento uma instituição indispensável para a realização da democracia. Representar a vontade do povo não é fácil, e fazer a escolha dos representantes também não é tarefa das mais simples. Ser governante ou governado produz direitos e deveres para os dois lados. O parlamentar deverá seguir a vontade do eleitor, do seu partido ou suas próprias convicções? Este trabalho busca respostas para essas questões por meio da análise da representação política em ambiente democrático. De forma mais específica, examina o Brasil e o seu Parlamento Federal. O estudo da complexa relação governante-governado e da função representativa do Parlamento contribuem para apontar possíveis caminhos e alternativas para o aperfeiçoamento do sistema epresentativo brasileiro.

Estudaremos as singularidades genéricas de superfécies regradas em R3. O objetivo do trabalho é mostrar que as singularidades genéricas que ocorrem no conjunto das superfícies regradas são as mesmas que ocorrem no conjunto das aplicações diferenciáveis de R2 em R3, enquanto que as singularidades genéricas das superfícies desenvolvíveis, que formam um subconjunto das superfícies regradas, são mais degeneradas. / We study generic singularities of ruled surfaces in R3. In this work we show that generic singularities appearing in the set of ruled surfaces are the same that occur in the set of map germs from R2 to R3, while the generic singularities of developable surfaces are more degenerate.

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a branch in data science that marries artificial intelligence with linguistics. Essentially, it tries to program computers to understand human language, both spoken and written. Over the past decade, researchers have applied novel algorithms to gain a better understanding of human sentiment. While no easy feat, incredible improvements have allowed organizations, politicians, governments, and other institutions to capture the attitudes and opinions of the public. It has been particularly constructive for companies who want to check the pulse of a new product or see what the positive or negative sentiments are for their services. NLP has even become useful in boosting sales performance and improving training. Over the years, there have been countless studies on sales performance, both from a psychological perspective, where characteristics of salespersons are explored, and from a data science/AI (Artificial Intelligence) perspective, where text is analyzed to predict sales forecasting (Pai & Liu, 2018) and coach sales agents using AI trainers (Luo et al., 2021). However, few studies have discussed how NLP models can help characterize sales performance using actual sales transcripts. Thus, there is a need to explore to what extent NLP models can inform B2B businesses of the characteristics embodied within their salesforce. This study aims to fill that literature gap. Through a partnership with a medium-sized tech company based out of California, USA, this study conducted an experiment to try and answer to what extent can we characterize sales performance based on real-life sales communication? And in what ways can conversational data inform the sales team at a California-based mid-sized tech company about how top performers communicate with customers? In total, over 5000 sentences containing over 110 000 words were collected and analyzed using two separate rule-based sentiment analysis techniques: TextBlob developed by Steven Loria (2013) and Valence Aware Dictionary and sEntiment Reasoner (VADER) developed by CJ Hutto and Eric Gilbert (2014). A Naïve Bayes classifier was then adopted to test and train each sentiment output from the two rule-based techniques. While both models obtained high accuracy, above 90%, it was concluded that an oversampled VADER approach yields the highest results. Additionally, VADER also tends to classify positive and negative sentences more correctly than TextBlob, when manually reviewing the output, hence making it a better model for the used dataset.

If we consider ruled surfaces of the projective 3-space as a one parameter family of lines, then they appear in the well-known KLEIN-model of lines in the projective 3-space as curves of a hyperquadric in the projective 5-space. The osculating spaces of such a curve are represented in the projective 3-space by spaces of linear complexes. Those points of a generator e of the ruled surface, in which the tangent bundles are in the same time complex line bundles in the accompanying osculating line complex of the ruled surface along e, are called the LIE-points of e. The LIE-points fulfil two (real or imaginary conjugate) curves on the ruled surface called the LIE-curves. The support of the osculating-3-space of the ruled surface along a regular non-torsal generator e are two, one or zero straight lines in the osculating regulus. If thes straight lines exist, one calls them the flecnode tangents of the ruled surface. On a hyperbolic ruled surface build the points of contact of the flecnode tangents two projective distinguished curves called the flecnode curves. In this work we present the different methods of treating these curves in the history, and we give a new explicit calculation of the flecnode points and the LIE-points depending on the basis of a PLÜCKER-coordinates representation of the ruled surface. In addition we study the questions that appears by considering the LIE-curves of a ruled surface to form a pair of BERTRAND curves for which this ruled surface is the surface of common main normals. For example, the question about ruled surfaces, whose LIE-curves are orthogonal to the generators will be answered here. / Regelflächen des projektiven 3-Raums erscheinen, als (eindimensionalen) Geradenmengen aufgefasst, im bekannten KLEINschen Punktmodell der Geradenmenge vom projektiven 3-Raum als Kurven einer Hyperquadrik in einem projektiven 5-Raum. Die Schmiegräume einer solchen Kurve werden im projektiven 3-Raum durch Räume linearer Komplexe repräsentiert. Diejenigen Punkte einer Erzeugende e der Regelfläche, in denen die Tangentenbüschel gleichzeitig auch Komplexgeradenbüschel im begleitenden Schmiegkomplex von e sind, heißen LIE-Punkte von e. Die LIE-Punkte erfüllen zwei (reelle oder konjugiert imaginäre) Kurvenzüge auf der Regelfläche, die LIE-Kurven. Die Träger des Schmieg-3-Raums der Regelfläche längs einer reguläre nichttorsalen Erzeugende e sind zwei, eine oder null Geraden im Schmiegregulus. Sofern diese Geraden existieren, nennt man sie die Fleknodaltangenten der Regelfläche. Auf hyperbolischen Regelflächen bilden die Berührpunkte der Fleknodaltangenten zwei projektiv ausgezeichnete Kurven, die Fleknodalkurven. In der vorliegenden Arbeit stellen wir die unterschiedlichen Behandelungen diesen ausgezeichneten Kurven in der Geschichte dar, und geben wir eine neue explizite Berechnung von den Fleknodal- bzw. LIE-Punkte auf der Basis einer PLÜCKER-Koordinaten-Darstellung der Regelfläche. Außerdem untersuchen wir die Fragestellungen, die man bekommt, wenn man versucht, dass das paarweise auftreten der LIE-Kurven irgendwie in Analogie zum klassischen euklidischen BERTRAND-Kurvenpaar zu stellen. Z.B. lässt sich die Frage nach Regelflächen, deren LIE-Kurven Orthogonaltrajektorien der Erzeugenden sind, hier beantwortet.

Orientador: Luis Gonzaga de Mello Belluzzo / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T21:10:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Garlipp_JoseRubensDamas_D.pdf: 3722319 bytes, checksum: 29fd1624c440ba99a81f8b911b680810 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001 / Resumo: Em um esforço para apanhar o substrato do capitalismo contemporâneo, esta tese busca identificar as formas como o desaparecimento das regras e das fronteiras deixa o capital entregue às suas próprias leis de movimento. Nesse sentido, propõe que um quadro aproximativo do capitalismo contemporâneo pode ser desenhado por meio do conceito de economia desregrada (INTRODUÇÃO). O argumento explorado é o de que a construção de circuitos internacionais produtivos e, principalmente, financeiros de valorização do capital responde pelo desmantelamento do 'padrão¿ global de desenvolvimento herdado do pós-guerra. Assim é que a financeirização da riqueza, exponenciada pelas inovações dos instrumentos financeiros e desregulação dos mercados que caracterizam as políticas econômicas ocidentais das últimas décadas, ao tempo em que preside a lógica de valorização do capital, não faz mais que tornar claro o objetivo precípuo do capitalismo: a expansão da riqueza abstrata. Esta característica central e distintiva do capitalismo é, sob perspectivas teóricas distintas, sublinhada por Marx, Keynes e Polanyi, autores que analisam os fundamentos da riqueza capitalista e recusam a advocacia clássica acerca da capacidade de auto-regulação do mercado. Por conta disso, defendemos que o recurso às suas contribuições (CAPÍTULOS I, II e III, respectivamente) permite elencar os elementos teóricos que consideramos basilares para se situar a temática das transformações recentes no interior de uma lógica imanente à economia desregrada, de modo que a história econômica do capitalismo no último quarto do século XX é a de um mundo que perde as suas referências e resvala para a instabilidade e crises recorrentes, na exata medida em que se espraia o desaparecimento das regras e das fronteiras que disciplinam o capital. É no interior dessa perspectiva analítica e teórica que procuramos mapear as falhas estruturais do sistema erigido em Bretton Woods, cuja arquitetura institucional responde, em grande parte, pelo arranjo societário desde o segundo pós-guerra até a deflagração da crise do consenso keynesiano (CAPÍTULO IV). Igualmente, são apreciadas as transformações que ocorrem na seqüência da ruptura do sistema de Bretton Woods, com vistas a apreendermos as determinações mais importantes das novas tensões que se desdobram até a crise atual (CAPÍTULO V), com o que tratamos dos experimentos de coordenação que marcaram o último quarto do século XX com o intuito de assinalar que, desde aquela ruptura, o sistema encontra-se sob a égide de uma coordenação sem regras. A sucessão de crises financeiras que então se instala torna explícita a exacerbação da tendência à instabilidade intrínseca da economia desregrada. Depois de abordadas algumas das contribuições recentes da literatura econômica sobre as crises financeiras, identificamos, nas propostas de reordenamento da arquitetura financeira internacional filiadas ao pensamento convencional, a busca dos mesmos princípios baseados na auto-regulação, em contraste com as propostas que partem do reconhecimento daquela instabilidade. Na seqüência, apontamos os vetores que a instituição de uma 'nova arquitetura financeira internacional¿ poderia comportar, não sem antes destacar a presença de importantes constrangimentos impostos por uma realidade marcada pela supremacia das finanças liberalizadas e desreguladas. Os determinantes de uma tal realidade, segundo entendemos (CONCLUSÃO), estão presentes em Marx, Keynes e Polanyi, cujas contribuições fornecem os elementos que permitem desenhar um quadro aproximativo do capitalismo contemporâneo, quadro esse cuja expressão mais acabada, conforme a tese desenvolvida, é a economia desregrada / Abstract: In an effort to pick the substratum of the contemporary capitalism, this thesis intends to identify the ways how the disappearance of the rules and of the borders leaves the capital given to their own movement laws. In that sense, it proposes that an approximate picture of the contemporary capitalism can be drawn through the concept of de-ruled economy (Introduction). The explored argument is what the construction of productive international circuits and, mainly, financial of capital valorization answers for the dismantle of the global 'pattern' of development inherited from the postwar period. So that the financial wealth, exacerbated by both the innovations of the financial instruments and the deregulation of the markets that characterize the economic policies in last decades, at the time in that it presides the capital valorization logic, it doesn't do more than to turn clear the capitalism prime objective: the expansion of the abstract wealth.This central and distinctive characteristic of the capitalism is, under different theoretical perspectives, underlined by Marx, Keynes and Polanyi, authors that analyze the foundations of the capitalist wealth and they refuse the classic legal profession concerning the market self-regulation capacity. Due to that, we defended that the resource to their contributions (respectively, Chapters I, II and III) it allows recovering the theoretical elements that we considered basic to place the theme of the recent transformations inside an immanent logic to the de-ruled economy, so that the economical history of the capitalism in the last room of the century XX is the one of a world that loses their references and it slides for the instability and appealing crises, in the exact measure in that it overflows the disappearance of the rules and of the borders that discipline the capital. It is inside that analytical and theoretical perspective that we tried to map the structural flaws of the system erected in Bretton Woods, whose institutional architecture answers, largely, for the social arrangement from the second postwar to the explosion of the keynesian consensus crisis (Chapter IV).Equally, we appreciated the transformations that happen in the sequence of the rupture of Bretton Woods system, with intention of apprehend the most important determinations of the new tensions that are unfolded until the current crisis (Chapter V), with what we treated of the coordination experiments that marked the last room of the century XX with the intention of marking that, from that rupture, the system is under the aegis of a de-ruled coordination. The recurrence of financial crises that then is installed turns explicit the exacerbation of the de-ruled economy intrinsic instability tendency. After having approached some of the recent contributions of the economic literature on the financial crises, we identified, in the proposals of reordering the international financial architecture adopted to the canonical thought, the search of the same principles based on the self-regulation, in contrast with the proposals that leave of the recognition of that instability. Then, we pointed the vectors that the institution of a 'new international financial architecture' it could hold, not without before to detach the presence of important constraints imposed by a reality marked by the supremacy of the liberalized and deregulated finances.The determinant of a such reality, as we understood (Conclusion), are present in Marx, Keynes and Polanyi, whose contributions supply the elements that allow to draw an approximate picture of the contemporary capitalism, that whose accurate expression is, according to the developed thesis, the de-ruled economy / Doutorado / Teoria Economica / Doutor em Ciências Econômicas

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T16:02:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao elaine.pdf: 373939 bytes, checksum: b28fbe329bf631f44f6ca1941e9060b5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-31 / In this work we show that a Surface is a Bonnet Surface if, and only if A-net, presenting in Soyuçok s work [6]. Using this result we study the Bonnet Ruled Surfaces, based in Kanbay s work [1]. / Neste trabalho, mostraremos que uma superfície é de Bonnet se, e somente se for uma Anet, apresentado no trabalho Soyuçok [6]. Usando este resultado estudamos as Superfícies Regradas de Bonnet, baseado no trabalho de Kanbay [1].

If we consider ruled surfaces of the projective 3-space as a one parameter family of lines, then they appear in the well-known KLEIN-model of lines in the projective 3-space as curves of a hyperquadric in the projective 5-space. The osculating spaces of such a curve are represented in the projective 3-space by spaces of linear complexes. Those points of a generator e of the ruled surface, in which the tangent bundles are in the same time complex line bundles in the accompanying osculating line complex of the ruled surface along e, are called the LIE-points of e. The LIE-points fulfil two (real or imaginary conjugate) curves on the ruled surface called the LIE-curves. The support of the osculating-3-space of the ruled surface along a regular non-torsal generator e are two, one or zero straight lines in the osculating regulus. If thes straight lines exist, one calls them the flecnode tangents of the ruled surface. On a hyperbolic ruled surface build the points of contact of the flecnode tangents two projective distinguished curves called the flecnode curves. In this work we present the different methods of treating these curves in the history, and we give a new explicit calculation of the flecnode points and the LIE-points depending on the basis of a PLÜCKER-coordinates representation of the ruled surface. In addition we study the questions that appears by considering the LIE-curves of a ruled surface to form a pair of BERTRAND curves for which this ruled surface is the surface of common main normals. For example, the question about ruled surfaces, whose LIE-curves are orthogonal to the generators will be answered here. / Regelflächen des projektiven 3-Raums erscheinen, als (eindimensionalen) Geradenmengen aufgefasst, im bekannten KLEINschen Punktmodell der Geradenmenge vom projektiven 3-Raum als Kurven einer Hyperquadrik in einem projektiven 5-Raum. Die Schmiegräume einer solchen Kurve werden im projektiven 3-Raum durch Räume linearer Komplexe repräsentiert. Diejenigen Punkte einer Erzeugende e der Regelfläche, in denen die Tangentenbüschel gleichzeitig auch Komplexgeradenbüschel im begleitenden Schmiegkomplex von e sind, heißen LIE-Punkte von e. Die LIE-Punkte erfüllen zwei (reelle oder konjugiert imaginäre) Kurvenzüge auf der Regelfläche, die LIE-Kurven. Die Träger des Schmieg-3-Raums der Regelfläche längs einer reguläre nichttorsalen Erzeugende e sind zwei, eine oder null Geraden im Schmiegregulus. Sofern diese Geraden existieren, nennt man sie die Fleknodaltangenten der Regelfläche. Auf hyperbolischen Regelflächen bilden die Berührpunkte der Fleknodaltangenten zwei projektiv ausgezeichnete Kurven, die Fleknodalkurven. In der vorliegenden Arbeit stellen wir die unterschiedlichen Behandelungen diesen ausgezeichneten Kurven in der Geschichte dar, und geben wir eine neue explizite Berechnung von den Fleknodal- bzw. LIE-Punkte auf der Basis einer PLÜCKER-Koordinaten-Darstellung der Regelfläche. Außerdem untersuchen wir die Fragestellungen, die man bekommt, wenn man versucht, dass das paarweise auftreten der LIE-Kurven irgendwie in Analogie zum klassischen euklidischen BERTRAND-Kurvenpaar zu stellen. Z.B. lässt sich die Frage nach Regelflächen, deren LIE-Kurven Orthogonaltrajektorien der Erzeugenden sind, hier beantwortet.

Regelflächen, das sind durch die Bewegung von Geraden erzeugte Flächen, haben für den Betonleichtbau unter den Gesichtspunkten Statik und Herstellung herausragende Eigenschaften: Auch wenn sie doppelt gekrümmt sind, können sie geradlinig bewehrt oder vorgespannt werden. Außerdem kann die Schalung beispielsweise durch Heißdrahtschneiden aus Polystyrol-Hartschaum gewonnen werden. In gängigen CAD-Systemen ist die Klasse der Regelflächen bislang nicht angemessen repräsentiert und steht deshalb für die Bauteilgestaltung nur eingeschränkt zur Verfügung. Liniengeometrie für den Leichtbau liefert nun ein mathematisches Modell, das Regelflächen und auf sie wirkende Kräfte abbildet, und entwickelt daraus Formfindungswerkzeuge, die in einer vertrauten Entwurfsumgebung das Prinzip form follows force unterstützen. [Aus. Einführung] / Ruled surfaces, which are surfaces created by the movement of straight lines, have outstanding properties for lightweight concrete construction from the viewpoints of statics and production: even if they are double-curved, they can be reinforced or prestressed in a rectilinear fashion. In addition, the formwork can be obtained ef ciently from rigid polystyrene foam by hot wire cutting, for example. In current CAD systems, the class of ruled surfaces has not yet been adequately implemented and is therefore only available to a limited extent for component design. This project Line Geometry for Lightweight Structures provides a mathematical model that represents ruled surfaces and the forces acting on them, and uses this to develop form finding tools that support the principle of form follows force in a familiar design environment. [Off: Introduction]