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Este trabalho tem como objetivo auxiliar os institutos de pesquisa, notadamente o IPEN, a melhorar a assertividade do processo de definição de suas linhas de pesquisa. Novas velocidades evolutivas que aumentam exponencialmente exigem maior sincronia e ação múltipla e coordenada dos três elementos fundamentais para o desenvolvimento das sociedades contemporâneas: o governo, a estrutura produtiva e a infra-estrutura científica e tecnológica. Esse ambiente cada vez mais dinâmico e mutante impõe uma maior proximidade com o meio socioeconômico que passa de cliente-consumidor à do co-criador do conhecimento e fornecedor de energia agora contida em um novo padrão de relações sociais, denominado Sociedade em Rede. A diferença nos tempos da Universidade, da Estrutura Produtiva e do Governo é função do tempo de suas atividades centrais: a Ciência, o Mercado e a conquista da Opinião Pública, respectivamente. A equação que harmoniza e encontra sinergias entre as três dimensões é o desafio contemporâneo daqueles que procuram inovar e avançar no conhecimento em prol da sociedade. Neste trabalho procura-se mostrar que a saída para os institutos de pesquisa está em acreditar na frase de Robert Plomin e procurar conectar-se ao diferentes elos das cadeias para fazer uso de uma inteligência coletiva que se expande em velocidade e qualidade superiores a qualquer outro momento na história da humanidade. A comparação dos resultados obtidos com a aplicação de diferentes metodologias de análise permite mostrar os pontos fortes e pontos de atenção, ameaças e oportunidades do IPEN fornecendo subsídios para encontrar o melhor modo para adequar seu desempenho às novas demandas. / This work aims to assist research institutes, notably the IPEN, in order to improve their assertiveness in the process of defining their research lines. New evolutionary speeds have increased exponentially requiring greater synchronism and multiple and coordinated action from the three fundamental elements in order to assure the development of the contemporary society: Government, Productive Structure and Infrastructure in Science and Technology. This environment increasingly dynamic and mutant imposes greater proximity with the socioeconomic environment when former client-consumer has become the co-creator of knowledge and supplier of energy now contained in a new standard of social relations, called Networked Society. The difference in time for the University, the Productive Structure and Government is function of its main activities: Science, Market and the achievement of Public Opinion, respectively. The equation that will harmonize and find synergies between these three dimensions is the contemporary challenge for those who seek to innovate and advance knowledge in order to improve the standard of living of the society. In this work is shown that research institutes must believe in the words of Robert Plomin and start connecting to the several links in different chains in order to make use of a collective intelligence that continuously expands in speed and quality higher than in any other time in human history. The comparison among the results obtained from the different methodologies of analysis proposed in this work allows finding out strengths and weaknesses, threats and opportunities of the IPEN providing subsidies in order to find better ways to tailor its performance to the new demands.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo auxiliar os institutos de pesquisa, notadamente o IPEN, a melhorar a assertividade do processo de definição de suas linhas de pesquisa. Novas velocidades evolutivas que aumentam exponencialmente exigem maior sincronia e ação múltipla e coordenada dos três elementos fundamentais para o desenvolvimento das sociedades contemporâneas: o governo, a estrutura produtiva e a infra-estrutura científica e tecnológica. Esse ambiente cada vez mais dinâmico e mutante impõe uma maior proximidade com o meio socioeconômico que passa de cliente-consumidor à do co-criador do conhecimento e fornecedor de energia agora contida em um novo padrão de relações sociais, denominado Sociedade em Rede. A diferença nos tempos da Universidade, da Estrutura Produtiva e do Governo é função do tempo de suas atividades centrais: a Ciência, o Mercado e a conquista da Opinião Pública, respectivamente. A equação que harmoniza e encontra sinergias entre as três dimensões é o desafio contemporâneo daqueles que procuram inovar e avançar no conhecimento em prol da sociedade. Neste trabalho procura-se mostrar que a saída para os institutos de pesquisa está em acreditar na frase de Robert Plomin e procurar conectar-se ao diferentes elos das cadeias para fazer uso de uma inteligência coletiva que se expande em velocidade e qualidade superiores a qualquer outro momento na história da humanidade. A comparação dos resultados obtidos com a aplicação de diferentes metodologias de análise permite mostrar os pontos fortes e pontos de atenção, ameaças e oportunidades do IPEN fornecendo subsídios para encontrar o melhor modo para adequar seu desempenho às novas demandas. / This work aims to assist research institutes, notably the IPEN, in order to improve their assertiveness in the process of defining their research lines. New evolutionary speeds have increased exponentially requiring greater synchronism and multiple and coordinated action from the three fundamental elements in order to assure the development of the contemporary society: Government, Productive Structure and Infrastructure in Science and Technology. This environment increasingly dynamic and mutant imposes greater proximity with the socioeconomic environment when former client-consumer has become the co-creator of knowledge and supplier of energy now contained in a new standard of social relations, called Networked Society. The difference in time for the University, the Productive Structure and Government is function of its main activities: Science, Market and the achievement of Public Opinion, respectively. The equation that will harmonize and find synergies between these three dimensions is the contemporary challenge for those who seek to innovate and advance knowledge in order to improve the standard of living of the society. In this work is shown that research institutes must believe in the words of Robert Plomin and start connecting to the several links in different chains in order to make use of a collective intelligence that continuously expands in speed and quality higher than in any other time in human history. The comparison among the results obtained from the different methodologies of analysis proposed in this work allows finding out strengths and weaknesses, threats and opportunities of the IPEN providing subsidies in order to find better ways to tailor its performance to the new demands.

La présente recherche porte sur les liens intertextuels entre L'Ange des ténèbres (Abaddón el exterminador) d'Ernesto Sábato et Don Quichotte de la démanche de Victor-Lévy Beaulieu. Partant du constat selon lequel ces deux romans mettent en scène des personnages écrivains qui s'approprient un nombre important de textes canoniques pour nourrir leur entreprise d'écriture, ce mémoire cherche à montrer, dans une perspective qui emprunte à la fois à l'analyse intertextuelle et au concept de figures de l'écrit, comment la présence de réseaux intertextuels partagés permet, d'une part, d'effectuer des rapprochements entre certaines réflexions spéculaires sur la fonction de la littérature et, d'autre part, d'étudier la façon dont les références communes s'intègrent dans les projets énonciatifs de chacun des romans. Après avoir exposé, dans un premier chapitre, les notions théoriques entourant le concept d'intertextualité et celles reliées à l'inscription matérielle des textes dans la fiction (figures de l'écrit, bibliothèques imaginaires), le deuxième chapitre s'emploie à analyser, à l'aide de la taxinomie de Genette, l'utilisation que font les deux romans de certaines références communes récurrentes, notamment celles liées à Don Quichotte de la Manche, de Miguel de Cervantès. Le troisième chapitre est consacré, quant à lui, à dégager l'ensemble des références intertextuelles partagées, de façon à constituer une carte des liens thématiques qui forment les métadiscours des romans étudiés. L'analyse de ce réseau souterrain, tissé autour de références intertextuelles secondaires, permet de comparer la conception de la fonction de la littérature et de déterminer la façon dont les discours quant au rôle de l'écrivain s'inscrivent dans un entrecroisement d'intertextes communs. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : intertextualité, figures de l'écrit, Victor-Lévy Beaulieu, Ernesto Sábato.

Essa dissertação de mestrado apresenta uma reflexão acerca da produção da crítica teatral de Sábato Magaldi e da escrita da história do teatro brasileiro. A compreensão do sujeito e dos lugares de onde partem suas reflexões configuram-se como ponto de partida para que enfim seja possível pensar seu lugar na construção de uma narrativa histórica de nosso teatro. A partir da análise de textos de crítica teatral, expõe-se a consolidação desse discurso crítico na construção de uma narrativa sobre o grupo Teatro de Arena de São Paulo. Finalmente, o olhar para as obras panorâmicas, que buscam apresentar a trajetória de nosso teatro, respondem às inquietações iniciais da pesquisa no intuito de compreender o modo pelo qual o discurso da crítica teatral, por vezes, é reelaborado ganhando ares de narrativa histórica e ocupando lugar de referência para pesquisas na área. / This master's thesis presents a contemplation about the production of the theatrical review of Sábato Magaldi and the writing of the history of Brazilian theater. The understanding of the subject and the places from which his thoughts emerge are the starting point for a finally thinking about his place in the construction of a historical narrative of our theater. From the analysis of texts of theatrical criticism, the consolidation of this critical discourse at the construction of a narrative about the group Teatro de Arena de São Paulo is exposed. Finally, the look at the panoramic works that try to show the trajectory of our theater, respond to the initial concerns of this work in order to understand the way the discourse of theatrical criticism is, sometimes reworked getting an air of historical narrative and occupying status of reference for research in the area. / Dissertação (Mestrado)

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-08-17T11:18:25Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Amanda Alvarenga Fernandes Oliveira - 2018.pdf: 2590940 bytes, checksum: 94733999a015ffa389f4ded6114c9f8d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-08-17T11:31:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Amanda Alvarenga Fernandes Oliveira - 2018.pdf: 2590940 bytes, checksum: 94733999a015ffa389f4ded6114c9f8d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T11:31:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Amanda Alvarenga Fernandes Oliveira - 2018.pdf: 2590940 bytes, checksum: 94733999a015ffa389f4ded6114c9f8d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The modern man was betrayed by mathematical reason, in which he had deposited all his faith after turning his back on God and myths. This subject dominated nature and subjugated it to his wills and techniques, but lost in the middle of symbols and theorems, could not find answers to his anguishes and felt increasingly alone (although surrounded by all the other subjects of the world). Faced with this helplessness, emerged the Existentialist Philosophy of which the philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre constitutes the main disseminator. Giving to each man total freedom of action – as well as all sorts of consequences to each of his acts –, the primary objective of the Sartrean existentialism was to comfort this subject, putting he back in the center of himself. In this context (with the end of the two world wars, when the whole planet was trying to rise from the deeper abysses), Ernesto Sabato – who had dedicated himself to Physics for many years – found a chord to his afflictions in Literature, because he realized that only art possess a concrete language (which gives account of the concrete subject, a combination of reason and emotion, of light and shadows, past and present; the subject of History, for excellence). Sabato found in writing his way of action; using his intrinsic freedom, produced his literature as a mean of resisting the dehumanization of humanity. Therefore, we intend in this work (by Hermeneutical Philosophy as the method), to understand how the literature of Ernesto Sabato – his essays and novels – was constituted, and how it was inserted in his historical context. / O homem moderno viu-se traído pela razão matemática, na qual havia depositado toda sua fé após virar as costas a Deus e aos mitos. Este sujeito dominou a natureza e a subjugou às suas vontades e técnicas, porém, perdido em meio aos símbolos e teoremas, não conseguiu encontrar respostas para suas angústias e sentiu-se cada vez mais só (ainda que cercado por todos os outros sujeitos do mundo). Frente a este desamparo, emergiu a Filosofia Existencialista da qual o filósofo Jean-Paul Sartre constitui o principal divulgador. Atribuindo a cada homem total liberdade de ação – bem como toda sorte de consequências a cada um de seus atos –, o objetivo primordial do existencialismo sartreano foi o de confortar esse sujeito, recolocando-o ao centro de si mesmo. Neste contexto (findadas as duas grandes guerras mundiais, quando todo o planeta tentava se reerguer dos abismos mais profundos), Ernesto Sábato – que havia se dedicado à Física por muitos anos – encontrou acalanto para suas aflições na Literatura, pois percebeu ser a arte a única possuidora de uma linguagem concreta (que dá conta do sujeito concreto, mescla de razão e emoção, de luz e sombras, de passado e presente; o sujeito da História, por excelência). Sábato encontrou na escrita o seu meio de ação; utilizando-se de sua liberdade intrínseca, produziu sua literatura como um meio de resistir à desumanização da humanidade. Assim sendo, intencionamos neste trabalho (tendo por método a Filosofia Hermenêutica), perceber de que maneira a literatura de Ernesto Sábato – seus ensaios e romances – foi constituída, e como inseriu-se em seu contexto histórico.

Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Literatura / Esta investigación aborda la manifestación del motivo del viaje al Averno en dos novelas argentinas, Adán Buenosayres1 (1948), de Leopoldo Marechal (1900-1970), y Sobre héroes y tumbas2 (1961), de Ernesto Sábato (1911-2011). La parte específica del Adán Buenosayres que se ha elegido corresponde al capítulo III. En él, se relata el viaje nocturno que emprende Adán Buenosayres, protagonista de la obra, en compañía de sus amigos hacia Saavedra, con el fin de asistir al velorio de Juan Robles, personaje que goza de gran admiración entre los criollistas del grupo. En el caso de Sobre héroes y tumbas, se ha seleccionado el "Informe sobre ciegos", especie de crónica de viaje escrita en primera persona con fines "científicos". En él, su autor, Fernando Vidal Olmos, relata su incursión al mundo de la Secta, una siniestra organización internacional conformada por malignos ciegos. Pese a lo disímiles que son entre sí las tramas, los viajes de Adán y Fernando tienen algo en común: la posibilidad de ser interpretados como manifestaciones del motivo del viaje al Averno. Ahora bien, lo que esta investigación persigue no es la mera constatación de un periplo de connotaciones infernales, sino la observación de las particularidades que adquiere el motivo en cuestión en función de la dinámica propia del género novelesco.

Scénarios d’aveuglement dans la littérature d’Orhan Pamuk, d’Ernesto Sábato, et de José Saramago analyse trois œuvres importantes de trois auteurs contemporains : Mon nom est Rouge d’Orhan Pamuk ; « Rapport sur les aveugles » du roman Héros et tombes d’Ernesto Sábato ; et L’aveuglement de José Saramago. Malgré leurs différences, ces romans ont des points communs évidents, synthétisés dans la figure de l’aveuglement. Cette figure signale l’avènement, dans les textes, d’un régime de connaissance alternatif, centré moins sur le primat de la raison et du visuel que sur une nouvelle capacité cognitive, basée sur une logique spéciale du destin. L’aveuglement s’ouvre également sur une nouvelle compréhension de l’histoire, grâce à une capacité du récit de fiction qui passe par le point de fuite de la cécité. Pour Pamuk, l’aveuglement est le couronnement paradoxal d’une vision du monde, gravement mise en crise à la fin du XVIe siècle par le perspectivisme et le réalisme de la Renaissance, la voie d’entrée vers un monde imaginal qui n’est plus accessible à l’imaginaire occidental. Pour Sábato, il représente la variante renversée d’une quête de l’absolu qui passe par les antres de l’inceste, de l’enfer et du crime, tandis que le monde décrit par Saramago est un monde qui sombre sur la pente de la déchéance, en suivant une logique implacable. Il est l’équivalent de plusieurs formes de cécité qui menacent le monde contemporain, comme le fondamentalisme religieux, l’homogénéité préconisée par la société de masse, l’exclusion raciale, l’oppression idéologique. La thèse se divise en trois parties, La violente beauté du monde, Un mythe hérétique de la caverne et Une épidémie à cause inconnue, chacune d’entre elles analysant l’œuvre d’un auteur, mais établissant également des liens avec les autres chapitres. L’approche adoptée est interdisciplinaire, un croisement entre études littéraires, philosophie et histoire de l’art. Dans leur quête de nouveaux concepts et de nouvelles formes de pensée qui s’écartent du modèle rationnel dominant de la modernité, les trois auteurs partent de la présupposition que regarder les choses n’est pas du tout l’équivalent de voir les choses. Ils tentent d’articuler une logique du voir qui ressemble plutôt à la vision et à la clairvoyance qu’à la conformité logique. La figure de l’aveuglement sert de tremplin vers le monde imaginal (Pamuk), la pensée magique (Sábato) et la vision dystopique (Saramago) – des espaces ontologiquement différents où les auteurs mènent leurs attaques contre la rationnalité à tout prix. C’est précisément ces espaces que nous avons choisi d’explorer dans les trois romans. Nous soutenons également que ces trois textes proposent un nouveau régime de « connaissance » qui met en question les règles de pensée héritées de la Renaissance et surtout des Lumières, qui constituent un discours dominant dans la culture visuelle et philosophique moderne. / Blindness in the Literature of Orhan Pamuk, Ernesto Sábato, José Saramago examines three important texts by three well-known contemporary authors: My Name is Red by Orhan Pamuk; the chapter « Report on the Blind » from the novel On Heroes and Tombs by Ernesto Sábato; and Blindness by José Saramago. The trope of blindness is a common theme in these novels, despite their significant differences. Blindness introduces an alternative regime of knowledge, centered less on the primacy of the rational and the visual than on a new cognitive capacity, grounded in a specific logic of destiny. It proposes new understandings of history, due to a fictionalizing capacity, which passes through the fault lines of blindness. For Pamuk, blindness represents the paradoxical culmination of a traditional, Islamic world view, which was challenged in the 16th century by the perspectivism and the realism of Renaissance. This conception is regarded as the royal road to an imaginal world that remains inaccessible to the western imaginary. In Sábato’s novel, blindness prompts the reversed version of a quest for absolute, which passes through incest, hell and crime. In the dystopic world depicted by Saramago, this trope is symptomatic of a continuous decay, which follows an implacable logic. It also points to the many forms of blindness that threaten the contemporary world, such as religious fundamentalism, the leveling produced by mass culture and mass society, racial exclusion, ideological oppression. The thesis is divided in three chapters: The Violent Beauty of the World, A Heretical Myth of the Cave and An Epidemic with an Unknown Reason. Each chapter examines one of the three novels, but connections and cross-links among the individual chapters are also established. My investigation provides an interdisciplinary approach, which relies on paradigms from literary studies, philosophy and art history. All three authors examined in the dissertation start from the assumption that looking is not equivalent to seeing. Their texts attempt to formulate a logic of seeing indebted to vision rather than to logical accuracy. The figure of blindness serves as a springboard towards the imaginal world (Pamuk), magical thought (Sábato) and dystopia (Saramago) – ontologically different spaces where the authors counter rationality with new modes of vision. The dissertation explores the articulation of these spaces in the three novels. It argues that these texts on blindness propose a regime of « knowledge » that challenges the dominant discourses on vision, rationality, and the mind – the legacy of the Renaissance and the Enlightenment – in modern visual culture and modern philosophy.

Scénarios d’aveuglement dans la littérature d’Orhan Pamuk, d’Ernesto Sábato, et de José Saramago analyse trois œuvres importantes de trois auteurs contemporains : Mon nom est Rouge d’Orhan Pamuk ; « Rapport sur les aveugles » du roman Héros et tombes d’Ernesto Sábato ; et L’aveuglement de José Saramago. Malgré leurs différences, ces romans ont des points communs évidents, synthétisés dans la figure de l’aveuglement. Cette figure signale l’avènement, dans les textes, d’un régime de connaissance alternatif, centré moins sur le primat de la raison et du visuel que sur une nouvelle capacité cognitive, basée sur une logique spéciale du destin. L’aveuglement s’ouvre également sur une nouvelle compréhension de l’histoire, grâce à une capacité du récit de fiction qui passe par le point de fuite de la cécité. Pour Pamuk, l’aveuglement est le couronnement paradoxal d’une vision du monde, gravement mise en crise à la fin du XVIe siècle par le perspectivisme et le réalisme de la Renaissance, la voie d’entrée vers un monde imaginal qui n’est plus accessible à l’imaginaire occidental. Pour Sábato, il représente la variante renversée d’une quête de l’absolu qui passe par les antres de l’inceste, de l’enfer et du crime, tandis que le monde décrit par Saramago est un monde qui sombre sur la pente de la déchéance, en suivant une logique implacable. Il est l’équivalent de plusieurs formes de cécité qui menacent le monde contemporain, comme le fondamentalisme religieux, l’homogénéité préconisée par la société de masse, l’exclusion raciale, l’oppression idéologique. La thèse se divise en trois parties, La violente beauté du monde, Un mythe hérétique de la caverne et Une épidémie à cause inconnue, chacune d’entre elles analysant l’œuvre d’un auteur, mais établissant également des liens avec les autres chapitres. L’approche adoptée est interdisciplinaire, un croisement entre études littéraires, philosophie et histoire de l’art. Dans leur quête de nouveaux concepts et de nouvelles formes de pensée qui s’écartent du modèle rationnel dominant de la modernité, les trois auteurs partent de la présupposition que regarder les choses n’est pas du tout l’équivalent de voir les choses. Ils tentent d’articuler une logique du voir qui ressemble plutôt à la vision et à la clairvoyance qu’à la conformité logique. La figure de l’aveuglement sert de tremplin vers le monde imaginal (Pamuk), la pensée magique (Sábato) et la vision dystopique (Saramago) – des espaces ontologiquement différents où les auteurs mènent leurs attaques contre la rationnalité à tout prix. C’est précisément ces espaces que nous avons choisi d’explorer dans les trois romans. Nous soutenons également que ces trois textes proposent un nouveau régime de « connaissance » qui met en question les règles de pensée héritées de la Renaissance et surtout des Lumières, qui constituent un discours dominant dans la culture visuelle et philosophique moderne. / Blindness in the Literature of Orhan Pamuk, Ernesto Sábato, José Saramago examines three important texts by three well-known contemporary authors: My Name is Red by Orhan Pamuk; the chapter « Report on the Blind » from the novel On Heroes and Tombs by Ernesto Sábato; and Blindness by José Saramago. The trope of blindness is a common theme in these novels, despite their significant differences. Blindness introduces an alternative regime of knowledge, centered less on the primacy of the rational and the visual than on a new cognitive capacity, grounded in a specific logic of destiny. It proposes new understandings of history, due to a fictionalizing capacity, which passes through the fault lines of blindness. For Pamuk, blindness represents the paradoxical culmination of a traditional, Islamic world view, which was challenged in the 16th century by the perspectivism and the realism of Renaissance. This conception is regarded as the royal road to an imaginal world that remains inaccessible to the western imaginary. In Sábato’s novel, blindness prompts the reversed version of a quest for absolute, which passes through incest, hell and crime. In the dystopic world depicted by Saramago, this trope is symptomatic of a continuous decay, which follows an implacable logic. It also points to the many forms of blindness that threaten the contemporary world, such as religious fundamentalism, the leveling produced by mass culture and mass society, racial exclusion, ideological oppression. The thesis is divided in three chapters: The Violent Beauty of the World, A Heretical Myth of the Cave and An Epidemic with an Unknown Reason. Each chapter examines one of the three novels, but connections and cross-links among the individual chapters are also established. My investigation provides an interdisciplinary approach, which relies on paradigms from literary studies, philosophy and art history. All three authors examined in the dissertation start from the assumption that looking is not equivalent to seeing. Their texts attempt to formulate a logic of seeing indebted to vision rather than to logical accuracy. The figure of blindness serves as a springboard towards the imaginal world (Pamuk), magical thought (Sábato) and dystopia (Saramago) – ontologically different spaces where the authors counter rationality with new modes of vision. The dissertation explores the articulation of these spaces in the three novels. It argues that these texts on blindness propose a regime of « knowledge » that challenges the dominant discourses on vision, rationality, and the mind – the legacy of the Renaissance and the Enlightenment – in modern visual culture and modern philosophy.