Perú se localiza en una zona de alta sismicidad, debido a que se encuentra encima del área de subducción entre la placa tectónica de Nazca y Sudamericana, perteneciente al cinturón de fuego del Pacífico. Perú es un país en vía de desarrollo, por lo que es de suma importancia estar preparados para auxiliar a los miles de damnificados que pueda haber ante un evento sísmico importante. La evaluación del riesgo sísmico de edificaciones esenciales como colegios y hospitales es necesario para trabajos de reforzamiento estructural en este tipo de infraestructura. En el presente artículo científico, se presenta cuán vulnerables son los colegios públicos del distrito de San Juan de Miraflores en la ciudad de Lima ante un evento sísmico. Para ello, se utilizó la metodología de Inspección Visual Rápida del FEMA P-154. Además, se analizó de forma cuantitativa el pabellón 780 Pre, un módulo educativo estandarizado y construido en los años noventa cuya presencia es frecuente en dicho distrito. Para ello, se realizó un análisis no-lineal estático y no-lineal dinámico. Los resultados de la investigación concluyen que la mayoría de las edificaciones educativas presentan una alta vulnerabilidad sísmica y no cumplen con los requerimientos de uso post-sismo como se exige en la norma sismorresistente; así como también se verificó la deficiencia del módulo 780 Pre frente a un sismo severo cuando este fue sometido a los análisis no-lineales. / Peru is located in a high seismicity zone because it is set above the subduction area between the Nazca and South American tectonic plates, both belonging to the Pacific’s Ring of Fire. Being a developing country, it is of utmost importance to be prepared to help the thousands of victims that may be in the face of a major seismic event. The assessment of the seismic vulnerability of essential buildings —such as schools and hospitals— is necessary for structural reinforcement procedures in this type of infrastructure if needed. In this thesis, it is presented how vulnerable are the public schools of the district of San Juan de Miraflores in the city of Lima to a seismic event. For this, the FEMA P-154 Rapid Visual Screening methodology was used. In addition, the “780 Pre” public school building, a standardized educational building built in the 1990s and whose presence is frequent in that district, was analyzed quantitatively. For this, a static nonlinear and dynamic nonlinear analysis were performed. The results of the investigation show that most of the educational buildings present high seismic vulnerability and do not meet the requirements of post-earthquake use as required by the Peruvian seismic design provisions. Also, the deficiency of the 780 Pre building against a severe earthquake when it was subjected to non-linear analyzes was verified. / Tesis

"It has neither name nor place. I shall repeat the reason why I was describing it to you: from the number of imaginable cities we must exclude those whose elements are assembled without a connecting thread, an inner rule, a perspective, a discourse. With cities, it is as with dreams: everything imaginable can be dreamed, but even the most unexpected dream is a rebus that conceals a desire or its reverse, a fear. Cities, like dreams are made of desires and fears, even the thread of their discourse is secret, their rules are absurd, their perspectives deceitful, and everything conceals something else." "Cities also believe they are the work of the mind or of chance, but neither the one nor the other suffices to hold up their walls. You take delight not in a city's seven or seventy wonders, but in the answer it gives to a question of yours." / Master of Architecture

In South Africa, the Eastern Cape Province (ECP) has shown the lowest matriculation pass rates for most of 1994 to 2002. This has led to great academic and media focus on the managerial and leadership role of school principals, which became the inspiration for this education management study. The researcher investigated a school principal's efficiency and effectiveness in a school system, and the detrimental impact on learner academic achievement should these vital skills be lacking. Thus, the role of the school principals at schools with low matriculation pass rates was probed to reveal shortcomings in the level of their commitment, and how these could be rectified. The researcher completed a qualitative research study at four schools with low matriculation pass rates in the Eastern Cape Province. The empirical study confirmed that learners at many schools with low matriculation pass rates are subjected to poor infrastructure and overcrowding. Furthermore, the school principals did not create school atmospheres conducive to teaching and learning, and neglected to foster open communication between the school stakeholders. The study found that the school principal's management and leadership role was not based on the belief that all learners are worthy of being taught under the best possible educational conditions. The teachers are required to promote learner academic interests, made possible through efficient classroom management, to sustain teacher quality, and to ensure learner academic achievement, yet they are subjected to poor working environments and ill-disciplined learners. This study nevertheless emphasises that all school stakeholders are accountable for low matriculation pass rates, but that it is the responsibility of the school principals to institute corrective measures. It highlights that parents can enhance learner academic progress through their active involvement in their children's learning process and the provision of home environments conducive to learning. There is a need to guide school principals and school stakeholders to make every educational effort to improve the current low matriculation pass rates in the ECP. Relevant recommendations and a suggested model to rectify the situation are proposed to ensure that all learners receive the quality of education they deserve. / Faculty of Education / D.Ed. (Teacher Education)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:33:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Francisco Alencar de Sousa.pdf: 1117035 bytes, checksum: 06aefc8fbdcd3553443bb34bfdea352d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-02 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Abstract The purpose of this work is to analyze the Brazilian Reforma do Ensino Livre (Free Teaching Law Reform) established by the Bill number 7247 of April 19th, 1879. In order to do that, the study was focused on a time limitation involving the last decades of the Empire period until the Republic Proclamation, that is, from 1870 to 1889. This time limit was necessary to include the educational debate that came before and after the implementation of the Bill. We tried to understand the Reforma do Ensino Livre as a revealing interpretation of the Brazilian society´s transformation process and also the historic period in constant change, looking for the relations between the teaching reform and the set of the reforms in various fields, such as, political, economical and cultural ones. The methodology used in this work comprised the selection of central themes in the Bill that established the Reforma do Ensino Livre , in 1879, which is the main object to be analyzed here. The main document body in this research is composed by two main sources: the first one is the Bill of 1879 and the second one comprises the Empire´s ministry reports that were presented to the General Legislative Assembly and also the reports of the president of Rio de Janeiro province. The results of the research comprehended that the political game and the social purposes were mediated by the negotiations or reforms, once the projects were the modernization of the institutions, without provoking great changes in the politics paths of those who define the steps in the process of the making of the nation. Each institution, created or reorganized, should make a person capable of following rules, and the maximum of freedom would be the competition among their peers. In this way, it was expected that the school was be the place where the first moral lessons should be taken. In order to do that the State administrators kept the control of the morality that the elite defended as the principle of the students´ background education. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a Reforma do Ensino Livre estabelecida pelo Decreto nº 7247, de 19 de abril de 1879. Para tanto, a delimitação temporal abrange das últimas décadas do Império à proclamação da República, ou seja, de 1870 a 1889, com o intuito de também incluir o debate educacional antes e depois da implementação do Decreto. Procurou-se entender a Reforma do Ensino Livre como reveladora do processo de transformação da sociedade brasileira e, ainda, o período histórico em constante transformação, procurando as relações entre a reforma de ensino e o conjunto de reformas tanto no campo político, como econômico e cultural. Para realizar tal intento, foram selecionados temas centrais do Decreto que estabeleceu a Reforma do Ensino Livre em 1879, o qual se configura como objeto principal de análise da presente pesquisa. O principal corpo documental desta pesquisa compõe-se de duas fontes principais: a primeira é o Decreto de 1879; a segunda constitui-se nos relatórios do Ministro do Império, apresentados à Assembléia Geral Legislativa e os relatórios do presidente da Província do Rio de Janeiro. O resultado da pesquisa apontou que o jogo político e as tensões sociais eram mediados pelas negociações e reformas, uma vez que os projetos pretendiam modernizar as instituições sem provocar grandes alterações nos rumos políticos daqueles que definiam os passos no processo de construção da nação. Cada instituição criada ou reordenada deveria formar um sujeito capaz de seguir regras, sendo que a concorrência entre seus pares configurava-se no máximo de liberdade existente. Dessa forma era na escola que se depositava a expectativa de um local onde se iniciariam as primeiras lições morais. Para tanto, os administradores do Estado não abriam mão do controle da moralidade que as elites defendiam como princípio na formação dos alunos.

In South Africa, the Eastern Cape Province (ECP) has shown the lowest matriculation pass rates for most of 1994 to 2002. This has led to great academic and media focus on the managerial and leadership role of school principals, which became the inspiration for this education management study. The researcher investigated a school principal's efficiency and effectiveness in a school system, and the detrimental impact on learner academic achievement should these vital skills be lacking. Thus, the role of the school principals at schools with low matriculation pass rates was probed to reveal shortcomings in the level of their commitment, and how these could be rectified. The researcher completed a qualitative research study at four schools with low matriculation pass rates in the Eastern Cape Province. The empirical study confirmed that learners at many schools with low matriculation pass rates are subjected to poor infrastructure and overcrowding. Furthermore, the school principals did not create school atmospheres conducive to teaching and learning, and neglected to foster open communication between the school stakeholders. The study found that the school principal's management and leadership role was not based on the belief that all learners are worthy of being taught under the best possible educational conditions. The teachers are required to promote learner academic interests, made possible through efficient classroom management, to sustain teacher quality, and to ensure learner academic achievement, yet they are subjected to poor working environments and ill-disciplined learners. This study nevertheless emphasises that all school stakeholders are accountable for low matriculation pass rates, but that it is the responsibility of the school principals to institute corrective measures. It highlights that parents can enhance learner academic progress through their active involvement in their children's learning process and the provision of home environments conducive to learning. There is a need to guide school principals and school stakeholders to make every educational effort to improve the current low matriculation pass rates in the ECP. Relevant recommendations and a suggested model to rectify the situation are proposed to ensure that all learners receive the quality of education they deserve. / Faculty of Education / D.Ed. (Teacher Education)

The thesis aims to project documentation stage for the execution of the project. It is an object of school for first and second grade. Documentation is prepared on the basis provided architectural studies. The building is situated on the flat, gently sloping land. The work consists of drawing and text documentation, evaluation of thermal, structural and acoustic and lighting requirements for construction, fire safety design of the building. The work includes specialized project on HVAC - heating namely, draft power and boiler room layout and design of concrete structures specialized namely design and dimensioning of cross continuous reinforced slab.

The Castle of Education and the Nation is a work concerning secondary segment of schooling system in the political district of Sušice. The time scope of the work is framed by two school reforms from years 1869 and 1953. The work is divided into four topic areas. The opening part dedicates its attention to crucial literature regarding secondary schools, based on it the development of the secondary schooling in the inquired period is outlined, also the formation and evolution of secondary schooling in the political district of Sušice. Second part founded on the primary source research. All secondary schools in the political district of Sušice are analysed in detail with the emphasis put on changes in numbers of students in particular class, their gender and language composition and their geographical and socio-professional background. Emphasis is also laid on the percentage of the studying, who completed particular school successfully. The third part of this work builds on the second part. It sums up and generalises the results of the analysis and manipulates with it further using some theories from the field of history, sociology and the theory of nationalism. Especially the idea of social reproduction, social rise through secondary school education and the specific relationship of men and women to...